Search

The rapid development of artificial intelligence and 5G network technology has opened a new era of interconnection of all things.The great improvement of computing power has threatened the traditional cryptographic algorithm based on the theory of computational difficulty.Data security and communication security have become key problems to be solved urgently in the era of Internet of things,hence cryptology has entered an intelligence era.The new generation of intelligent cryptology mainly consists of two core technologies:intelligent cryptographic algorithm based on neural network and intelligent cryptanalysis based on machine learning.The former uses the nonlinear characteristics of neural network to design the encryption process and improve the security of ciphertext.The latter trains the machine learning model through the clear ciphertext set to obtain the ciphertext features and improve the ciphertext decoding efficiency.This paper briefly reviews the development of cryptographic algorithms,discusses machine learning methods on intelligent cryptology,focuses on combing the latest progress of cryptographic algorithms and cryptanalysis intelligence at home and abroad,analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of intelligent cryptology at present,and discusses the research direction and challenges in the future.

Based on the hourly observation data of 79 automatic weather stations in Shanghai from 2010 to 2020 and the rainstorm warning signal data issued by the Shanghai Meteorological Center and District Meteorological Centers from 2016 to 2020, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the rainstorm in Shanghai are analyzed using statistical metrics such as trend analysis and cumulative frequency. On the basis of statistical analysis of the frequency and timeliness of rainstorm warning signals at different levels, the difference of the timeliness of rainstorm warning signals under different synoptic conditions was studied. The results show that the rainstorm meeting the 6-h rainfall standard presents a significantly increasing trend, particularly for the rainstorm with the "Blue " warning. The rainstorm meeting the 6-h rainfall standard is the minimum in July, while the rainstorm meeting the 1-h rainfall standard is mroe in July than in June, which indicates that the frequency of short-time rainstorm in Shanghai is higher in July due to the control of subtropical high. The rainstorm in Shanghai usually lasts relatively short in the afternoon, while the longer rainstorm usually occurs in the morning. The frequency of heavy rainstorm is the highest in the urban area and Pudong near the Huangpu River, which may be related to the urban heat island effect. The release time of early warning signal in Shanghai presents a feature of bimodal distribution. The first peak appears at 12:00, and the release of early warning signals from 12:00 to 17:00 is relatively concentrated. The second peak appears at 6:00 in the morning.The average duration of early warning signals of all levels is 5.9 hours. The average hit rate of rainstorm early warning in Shanghai is 82.4%, and the average rainstorm warning time is 1.3 hours. The severe convective rainstorm at the edge of the subtropical high has the shortest warning timeliness, and the rainstorm near the typhoon body or the peripheral spiral rain belt is easy to be missed, which requires special attention in future.

Objective: To investigate the expression level and the diagnostic value of serum free light chain in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL)., Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the results of serum free light chain (sFLC) of 394 newly treated B-NHL patients in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2021 and compared the secretion levels of sFLC among different subtypes of B-NHL. The value of sFLC secretion levels in the diagnosis of WM was evaluated using ROC., Results: Increased proportion of sFLC, abnormal ratio of sFLC (κ / λ) and the secretion levels of sFLC (κ+λ) were different in different B-NHL subtypes, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) had the highest proportion of elevated sFLC(82.68%) and abnormal sFLC(κ/ λ)(87.0%), the proportion of FL(18.0%) and DLBCL patients(12.8%) with elevated sFLC was lower ( P <0.05). The expression levels of sFLC can helpful in the diagnosis of WM (AUC=0.874， P <0.001， 95% CI : 0.779-0.970). At the same time, higher sFLC levels and sFLC cloning patterns predicted the possibility of bone marrow infiltration of lymphoma., Conclusion: The serum free light chains is common in patients with B-NHL. The elevated level and type of free light chain are associated with the type of lymphoma, and the patients with bone marrow infiltration have higher sFLC（κ+ λ） expression level.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of long-term consumption of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) on the percentage of progressively motile sperm (PMS) in male rats., Methods: Twenty normal healthy male SD rats were equally randomized into an HRW and a control group, the former given HRW (1.2 ppm) and the latter normal saline, both intragastrically at 2 ml/d for 9 months. Then, the bilateral epididymides of the rats were harvested for preparation of sperm suspension and detection of the percentage of PMS. The testis tissue was isolated for HE staining and determination of the expressions of the Ki67, CYBB, eNOS, CLDN3 and SRD5A2 proteins using the streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) immunohistochemical method., Results: The percentage of PMS was significantly higher in the HRW than in the control group (［64.3 ± 4.7］% vs ［55.3 ± 9.5］%, P < 0.05), and so was the expression of Ki67 in the testicular tissue (P < 0.01). Compared with the controls, the rats in the HRW group showed markedly decreased oxidative stress-related index CYBB (P < 0.01), increased eNOS level (P < 0.01), and upregulated expressions of sperm development-related proteins CLDN3 and SRD5A2 (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05)., Conclusions: Hydrogen not only regulates the expressions of some oxidative stress-related indicators, but also increases the expressions of the molecules promoting sperm maturation and motility, which provides a theoretical basis and experimental support for the application and studies of hydrogen in asthenospermia.

Objective: To investigate the application of a simplified technique for reconstruction of vesicourethral support (RVUS) in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP)., Methods: From January 2017 to August 2019, 122 patients with localized prostate cancer underwent extraperitoneal LRP, 65 with RVUS (the RVUS group) and 57 without RVUS (the non-RVUS group). We compared the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, rate of pelvic lymph node dissection, neurovascular bundle sparing, incidence of urethrovesical anastomotic urinary leakage (UVAUL), postoperative urinary continence, postoperative hospital stay, intraperitoneal drainage tube removal time, and urethral catheter removal time between the two groups of patients., Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, rate of pelvic lymph node dissection, neurovascular bundle sparing, or urethral catheter removal time (P > 0.05). The incidence rate of UVAUL was lower in the non-RVUS than in the RVUS group (8.8% vs 0%, P < 0.05), and so were the rates of postoperative urinary continence immediate after (0% vs 32.3%, P < 0.05) and at 1 month (38.6% vs 56.9%, P < 0.05), 3 months (59.6% vs 80%, P < 0.05), 6 months (78.9% vs 84.6%, P > 0.05) and 12 months after catheter removal (87.7% vs 92.3%, P > 0.05). The postoperative hospital stay was dramatically longer in the non-RVUS than in the RVUS group (［9.1 ± 4.3］ vs ［6.7 ± 1.8］ d, P < 0.01) and so was the intraperitoneal drainage tube removal time (［6.9 ± 4.5］ vs ［4.8 ± 1.5］ d, P < 0.01)., Conclusions: The simplified technique for reconstruction of vesicourethral support in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy improves early urinary continence, especially immediate continence, decreases the incidence rate of urethrovesical anastomotic urinary leakage, and shortens the intraperitoneal drainage tube removal time and postoperative hospital stay.?

Aim: To investigate the characteristics of dendritic cells (DCs) from normal human esophageal mucosa., Methods: We collected normal esophageal mucosa samples from healthy individuals using endoscope and isolated mononuclear cells from the samples using Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation. DCs were further separated by magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) to analyze DCs subsets by flow cytometry., Results: Three mononuclear cell populations were detected in normal human esophageal mucosa: HLA-DR(high)/CD13(low);, HLA-DR(med)/CD13(+); and HLA-DR(-)/CD13(+). HLA-DR(high)/CD13(low); cells expressed the DCs-associated molecules and were referred to as esophageal mucosal DCs. The DCs were immature since they expressed low levels of CD80, CD83 and CD86., Conclusion: HLA-DR(high)/CD13(low); cells isolated from the normal human esophageal mucosa were proved to be DCs. DCs can be successfully isolated from esophageal mucosa.

Objective: To examine the correlation between the plasma level of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and the hemodynamic parameters collected through Swan-Ganz flowing balloon catheter procedure in patients with noncardiac shock, in order to evaluate the potential for BNP to be used as prognostic indicator., Methods: The plasma BNP and invasive hemodynamic parameters data [central venous pressure (CVP), pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), and cardiac output (CO)] were collected from 21 noncardiac shock patients received Swan-Ganz catheterization throughout a continuous surveillance for 3 days. The BNP, CVP, PAP, PCWP, CO in survivors (n = 8) and non-survivors (n = 13) were compared and the correlation between the value of BNP and the invasive hemodynamic parameters were analyzed using multiple regression., Results: The mean value of BNP (ng/L) was significantly higher in non-survivors (708.06 ± 242.58 vs. 317.05 ± 140.21, P < 0.05). In day 1, no significant difference was found in any hemodynamic parameters between non-survivors and survivors. But in day 3, the non-survivors were found to have significantly higher CVP (mm Hg, 1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa: 13.64 ± 4.00 vs. 9.92 ± 1.26, P < 0.05) and lower CO (L/min: 4.61 ± 2.06 vs. 6.95 ± 1.28, P < 0.05). The differences in PAP (mm Hg: 20.84 ± 8.48 vs. 16.82 ± 4.97) and PCWP (mm Hg: 13.60 ± 5.71 vs. 12.72 ± 4.98) remained insignificant (both P > 0.05) between the two groups. The correlation between BNP and the invasive hemodynamic parameters was modest there was no correlation between BNP and CVP, PAP, PCWP, CO (r = 0.157, 0.306, 0.229, -0.269, P = 0.16, 0.25, 0.09, 0.12)., Conclusions: In patients with shock, both plasma BNP and invasive hemodynamic examination showed certain prognostic value. But in noncardiac shock cases, the increased BNP did not correlate with heart function, therefore it could not replace the Swan-Ganz catheter data to guide the treatment in these patients.

Aim: To investigate the effects of gastric dendritic cells(DCs) in H.pylori-associated gastritis., Methods: Mononuclear cells were isolated from gastric samples of endoscoped healthy subjects or patients with gastritis by Ficoll-hypaquetechnique. HLA-DR(+);DCs were further isolated by MACS. Rapid urease test, warthin-starry dyer and C(14);-urea breath test were used to detect H.pylori. The relationship between the quantity of gastric DCs and H.pylori density or inflammatory background were analysed., Results: The gastric mononuclear cells from H.pylori-infected normal gastric mucosa contained more HLA-DR(+);DCs (17.93 % ) than that from noninfected subjects (4.93%).The quantity of gastric DCs is positively correlated with H.pylori density. The quantity of gastric DCs were significantly higher in moderate and high inflammatory gastric mucosa than that in low inflammatory gastric mucosa. There was no difference in the quantity of gastric DCs between moderate and high inflammatory gastric mucosa., Conclusion: Successfully isolated gastric DCs. DCs may play a role in the early stage of H.pylori-associated gastritis.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between the polymorphism of the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and the genetic susceptibility to prostate cancer (PCa) in the Chinese Han population in Nanjing., Methods: We performed a case control study on 187 cases of PCa and 237 cancer-free healthy controls. Peripheral blood genome DNA was extracted from the subjects for analysis of the polymorphism of the TRAIL-716 locus by polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR). The correlations between the susceptibility to PCa and different genotypes were compared., Results: An SNP (-716A/G) was found in the promoter of the TRAIL gene. AA, AG and GG genotypes were identified. Logistic regression analysis suggested that AG, GG and AG + GG genotypes had no significant correlation with the risk of PCa (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.54 -1.47; OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.69 -1.27; OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.54 - 1.41)., Conclusion: The TRAIL-716 polymorphism is not directly related with the genetic susceptibility to PCa in the Chinese Han population of Nanjing.

Objective: To investigate the effect of in utero exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) on the protein expression in the penile tissue of hypospadiac rats, isolate and identify differentially expressed proteins, and determine the role of the differential expression of Annexin A3 in the development of hypospadia in the rat offspring after maternal exposure to DBP., Methods: Twenty pregnant SD rats were randomly assigned to an experimental group, intragastrically administered DBP at 800 mg/kg, and a control group, given soybean oil at 5 ml/kg, both for 5 days. Three days after birth, the penises of the newborn rats were removed, and the total protein extracted for 2D-electrophoretic separation and image analysis. Differentially expressed protein spots were screened and identified by mass spectrometry, and the changes in the expression of Annexin A3 detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry., Results: Thirty-one differentially expressed protein spots were screened, of which 17 were identified by mass spectrometry and the SwissProt database, including pyruvate kinase M2, alpha-enolase, and Annexin A3. Western blot showed that Annexin A3 was mainly located in the urethral epithelia and had a lower expression in the hypospadiac rats (1.851 +/- 0.014, n = 10) than in the controls (2.603 +/- 0.012, n = 10) (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: A pedigree of differentially expressed proteins in the penises of DBP-induced hypospadia and normal rats was established by the proteomic method. The differential expression of Annexin A3 may play an important role in the development of hypospadia.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical significance of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening in early detection of prostate cancer in Chinese men., Methods: PSA screening was performed in 8562 asymptomatic men who had been enrolled for health checkup and all were > or = 50 years old. Prostate biopsy was recommended for those with a serum PSA level > or = 4.0 ng/ml. The pathological and clinical features of the patients with prostate cancer detected by the PSA screening were compared with that of 82 clinically diagnosed prostate cancer patients during the same period., Results: Of the 8562 asymptomatic men, 719 had PSA levels > or = 4.0 ng/ml and biopsy was performed in 295 of them. Fifty-eight prostate cancers were detected. The biopsy rate was 41.0% and positive detection rate was 19.7%. The overall age distribution in the screening group and the clinical groups was not significantly different (P = 0.176). However, 41.4% (24/58) of the patients in screening group were > 75 years old, and significantly more than that in the clinical group (25.6%, P = 0.0491). The proportion of the patients with PSA levels > or = 20 ng/ml in the screening group was significantly less than that in the patients of the clinical group (44.8% vs. 75.6%, P = 0.0002). Whether in the patients whose age was > 75 years old (P < 0.05) or < or = 75 years old (P = 0.0002), the patients in the screening group had significantly lower Gleason scores < 7 (60.3% vs. 34.1%, P = 0.002), more T1 or T2 tumor (87.9% vs. 26.8%, P < 0.0001) and more chance to receive radical prostatectomy (50.0% vs. 18.3%, P < 0.0001) than the patients in the clinical group did. However, the distributions of PSA levels at diagnosis and biopsy Gleason scores were not significantly different between the above mentioned two groups (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is useful for early detection of prostate cancer in Chinese men aged > or = 50 years. The patients detected by PSA screening usually show a lower PSA level, Gleason scores and early clinical stage disease, and have more chance for radical prostatectomy than the clinically diagnosed patients.

Objective: To investigate the association of the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) with the polymorphism of the CYP2E1 gene, smoking and drinking, and to explore the joint role of genes and living habits in PCa pathogenesis., Methods: We conducted a case-control study on 109 PCa patients and 202 age-matched non-PCa male controls, and detected the polymorphisms of CYP2E1 Rsa I and Pst I sites by PCR-RFLP using DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes., Results: The history of deep smoking (OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.28 - 4.09) or heavy smoking (OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.02 - 3.22) was a risk factor. The CYP2E1 C1/C1 genotype significantly increased the risk of PCa (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.04 - 2.82) and apparently interacted with drinking (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.06 - 4.59). Heavy smokers with the C1/C1 genotype showed an increased risk of PCa (OR = 2.80, 95% CI: 1.20 - 6.56), as compared with non-smokers carrying the genotype of C1/C2 or C2/C2., Conclusion: The risk of PCa obviously increases in individuals with both the CYP2E1 C1/C1 genotype and the habit of smoking or drinking, and it has a significant positive correlation with the dose of tobacco exposure.

Objective: To explore the clinical significance of azoospermia factor (AZF) region deletion., Methods: Detection of the Y-link sequence tagged sites in AZF region was conducted by means of 2 multiplex polymerase chain reactions among 80 patients with severe oligozoospermia and 63 patients with azoospermia, totally 143., Results: Twenty-one cases of microdeletion were found among the 143 infertile patients with a prevalence of 14.7%. PCR analysis showed that deletion of the portions of Yq in 12 of the 62 idiopathic infertility patients, 3 being with severe oligozoospermia and 9 with azoospermia, and in 9 out of the 81 patients with non-idiopathic infertility. PCR analysis of 40 normal fertile men did not detect any abnormality. The results of the microdeletion showed that 1 patient had a microdeletion in the AZFa region with sY84 and sY86 (1/21, 4.8%), 2 patients presented a large deletion involving sY127 and sY143 from AZFb, and sY254 and sY255 from AZFc (1/21, 9.5%). Two patients had the deletions located in AZFb region (2/21, 9.5%), and 16 patients had a deletion on the AZFc region involving the DAZ (deleted in azoospermia) gene (16/21, 76.2%) Among the 21 infertile men 4 showed a testicular cytologic picture of maturation arrest, 6 patients had severe hypospermatogenesis, and 11 had Sertoli cell-only syndrome. There were not significant differences in location and extent of deletions between the patients with idiopathic infertility and those with non-idiopathic infertility., Conclusion: It is recommended to carry out screening of microdeletion of Y chromosome among the patients with idiopathic and non-idiopathic infertility, especially the candidates for intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

Aim: To express an immunochemotactic and angiostatic anti-tumor molecule, CXC chemokine Crg-2, by E. coli recombinant system of adenovirus., Methods: By E. coli recombination system of adenovirus, the shuttle vector pShuttle-cmv/crg-2 was co-transfected into BJ5183 E. coli with adenovirus backbone plasmid pAdEasy-1. The recombinants were transfected into 293 packaging cells and adenovirus was packaged and amplified. The molecular weight and bioactivity of recombinant protein were determined by Western blot and chemotaxis assay, respectively., Results: Recombinant adenovirus genome backbone bearing crg-2 gene, pAd/crg-2, was successfully obtained as evidenced by endonucleases digestion and PCR. Adenovirus was packaged and amplified to a titre of 4x10(9) TCID50/L. The cultured supernatant of the infected 293 cells contented a protein of nearly 10,000 and presented a significantly chemotatic effect towards activated spleen lymphoblasts., Conclusion: Recombinant adenovirus Ad/crg-2 obtained by E. coli recombinant system of adenovirus can efficiently express bioactive Crg-2 chemokine.

Objective: To study the diagnosis and treatment of acute prostatitis., Methods: The data of 35 cases of acute prostatitis who were admitted from January 2001 to March 2004 were reviewed. The main clinical manifestations were chills, fever, frequency, urgency and dysuria. All patients were treated with antibiotics and supportive measures. Two patients underwent surgical drainage for prostate abscess. Three patients were indwelled catheter for acute urinary retention., Results: All patients'temperatures returned to normal within 3 to 5 days. Blood and urine routine tests, urine culture and transurethral ultrasound examination results returned to normal 2 weeks later. Q maximal urinary flow rate improved in patients with dysuria., Conclusions: After diagnosis of acute prostatitis, full-dose of sensitive antibiotics should be given to all patients for some time as early as possible. At the same time, supportive therapy may be important to some patients. Surgical drainage should be used for patients with prostate abscess.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and therapeutic strategies of congenital absence of the vas deferens (CAVD)., Methods: We summarized the clinical data of 81 cases of CAVD and investigated clinical features, diagnosis and management of the disease., Results: Seventy-nine cases of infertility were diagnosed as CAVD at the clinic, and 2 were diagnosed during surgical exploration. The population consisted of 40 cases of congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD), 25 cases of congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens (CUAVD), and 16 cases of segmental agenesis of the vas deferens. Seventy-four spouses received the treatment of assisted reproductive techniques, including intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in 12 cases, and 4 of them achieved pregnancy., Conclusion: CAVD frequently presents with infertility. CBAVD may manifest as obstructive azoospermia, and CUAVD and segmental vasal agenesis as oligospermia, asthenospermia, or obstructive azoospermia. CAVD is usually not difficult to diagnose, but may be missed due to careless examination. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) plays a key role in the management of CAVD.