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Objective To investigate the effect of calcium store-operated calcium channel Orai3 on the proliferation of coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMC). Methods Coronary artery smooth muscle cells （CASMC） were cultured, and Orai3 molecule in CASMC was interfered and over-expressed. QPCR and Western Blot were used to detect the expression of Orai3, and CCK8 and cell counts were used to detect the CASMC proliferation. Results CCK8 assay and cell counts showed that the proliferation rate of CASMC in serum-free group was lower than that in 10% serum group （P < 0.05), and also the expression of Orai3 in CASMC was decreased （P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the proliferation rate of CASMC decreased after interference with Orai3 （P < 0.05), and the proliferation rate of CASMC increased compared with the control group after over-expression of Orai3 （P < 0.05). Conclusion The store-operated calcium channel constituent molecule Orai3 plays an important role in CASMC proliferation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]