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Objective: This study aimed to explore the adsorption performance and mechanism of phenolic acids in simulated sugarcane juice by nano-calcium carbonate modified zeolite (CaCO3@ZL). Methods: Using zeolite as the supporting framework, a co-precipitation technique was utilized to create nano-calcium carbonate modified zeolite (CaCO3@ZL), which was then employed to simulate the adsorption of phenolic acids in sugarcane juice. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the zeolite's characteristics were examined both before and after alteration. The kinetic model fitting of CaCO3@ZL and static adsorption studies were also conducted. The properties of phenolic acids were studied during adsorption. Results: XRD and FTIR characterization results indicate that the modification process successfully prepared nano-calcium carbonate loaded on the surface of zeolite CaCO3@ZL. Comparing the adsorption test results of CaCO3@ZL to those of the unmodified ZL, the adsorption capacity of phenolic acids increased by 40.34%, with adsorption equilibrium at 600 minutes. The fitting results showed that the adsorption process followed the Freundlich isotherm adsorption model and quasi-second-order adsorption kinetics model. After 5 regenerations CaCO3@ZL still maintains 80.39% of the initial adsorption amount of phenolic acid. Conclusion: The adsorption process rate of CaCO3@ZL on simulated sugarcane juice is mainly controlled by multi-molecular layer adsorption and chemical adsorption. CaCO3@ZL has good regeneration performance and can be used for the removal of phenolic acids in sugarcane juice.

Objective: To explore the coincidence rate of G-banding karyotype analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for the diagnosis of children with sex chromosome mosaicisms., Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out for 157 children with suspected sex chromosome abnormalities who had presented at Shenzhen Children's Hospital from April 2021 to May 2022. Interphase sex chromosome FISH and G-banding karyotyping results were collected. The coincidence rate of the two methods in children with sex chromosome mosaicisms was compared., Results: The detection rates of G-banding karyotype analysis and FISH were 26.1% (41/157) and 22.9% (36/157) , respectively (P > 0.05). The results of G-banding karyotype analysis showed that 141 cases (89.8%) were in the sex chromosome homogeneity group, of which only 5 cases (3.5%) were inconsistent with the results of FISH. There were 16 cases (10.2%) in the sex chromosome mosaicism group, of which 11 cases (68.8%) were inconsistent with the results of FISH. There was a statistical difference between the two groups in the coincidence rate of the results of the two methods (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: No significant difference was found between G-banding karyotype analysis and FISH in the detection rate of chromosome abnormalities. The coincidence rate in the mosaicism group was lower than that in the homogeneity group, and the difference was statistically significant. The two methods should be combined for clinical diagnosis.

Prostate cancer is the most common tumor of the urinary system, and its mortality rate is second only to lung cancer. With the specific and high expression on the surface of prostate cancer cells, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been an ideal theranostic target of prostate cancer with great clinical significance and research value. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), a new modality of molecular imaging combining functional metabolic information and anatomical structure, provides high diagnostic performance for cancer detection. This paper mainly reviewed recent progress of PSMA inhibitors labeled by positron-emitting radionuclides for early diagnosis, preoperative staging, response assessment, restaging and metastasis detection of prostate cancer.

Objective: The research aimed to evaluate the level and clinical significance of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)., Methods: Totally 82 untreated RA female patients (RA group) and 32 healthy females (control group) were enrolled.According to the disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28), patients in RA group were divided into remission stage group (<2.6 scores, 32 cases) and active stage group (≥2.6 scores, 50 cases). The correlations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-(OH)-D) level with related indicators were analyzed., Results: (1)The levels of serum 25-(OH)-D in female RA active stage group were significantly lower than those in control group [(12.5±6.3) μg/L vs (26.6±5.3) μg/L ] (P<0.01). The levels of serum 25-(OH)-D in female RA remission stage group were significantly lower than those in control group [(14.2±7.2) μg/L vs (26.6±5.3) μg/L] (P<0.01). (2)Serum 25-(OH)-D levels were inversely associated with C reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), DAS28 score (r=-0.575, r=-0.528, r=-0.354, P<0.05) in female RA active stage group, but not in female RA remission stage group (P>0.05). (3)In active stage group, the 25-(OH)-D levels of premenopausal RA patients were negatively correlated with CRP, ESR, DAS28 (r=-0.707, r=-0.625, r=-0.487, P<0.05), but not in postmenopausal RA patients (P>0.05)., Conclusions: The 25-(OH)-D levels in serum are reduced in female patients with RA.Serum 25-(OH)-D level can be a marker to monitor the disease activity in RA premenopausal female patients.

Objective: To investigate the status of exclusive breastfeeding(EBF) and possible influencing factors during 0-7 days postpartum in China., Methods: During 2011 to 2013, healthy mothers and neonates who were in the period of 0- 7 days postpartum from 8 provinces across different regions of China were recruited to take the questionnaire investigations and physical examinations. Information about socio-economic, pregnant, and delivery status, infant healthy situation and feeding indicators was collected to calculate the rate of exclusive breastfeeding during 0- 7 days postpartum and analyze the influencing factors., Results: A total of 1 882 pairs of mothers and neonates were covered by this study. The rate of EBF was 13.3% (250 cases) during 0- 7 days postpartum. Bottle feeding (OR=0.08, 95% CI: 0.05- 0.12), the mothers themselves mixed fed at their 0-4 months old (OR=0.22, 95%CI: 0.08-0.58), the mothers who had used methods to stimulate milk secretion (OR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.35- 0.94) might decrease the EBF rate. Compared with the mothers who believed that their breast milk was not enough for their infants, the mothers who believed breastmilk was enough may increase the EBF rate (OR=6.04, 95%CI: 3.34-10.94). Comparing to the EBF rate of Beijing, Yunnan (OR=0.10, 95%CI: 0.04-0.24), and Gansu(OR=0.03,95%CI: 0.01-0.08) had lower EBF rate during 0-7 days postpartum. What's more, the EBF rate increased with the increasing neonates' age (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.16- 1.53)., Conclusion: The EBF rate during 0- 7 days postpartum is still low in China and had significant differences in different regions. Suboptimal feeding knowledge and practices affected the EBF rate significantly.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary protein source and protein level on serum lipids in male rats., Methods: Wistar weaning male rats were assigned to four groups (15 rats in each group) according to their original body weight. The effects of two kinds of dietary protein with two different levels, including low cow milk (LM, 9%), high cow milk (HM, 18%), low soybean and egg white (LS, 9%), and high soybean and egg white (HS, 18%) diets, were observed. Each group was provided with one of four diets for 20 weeks. Serum lipids were tested and the ratio of lipid were calculated., Results: Serum TC and HDL-C were the highest and TC/HDL-C was the lowest in HM group; serum TG in HS group was the lowest. The ratio of TG/HDL-C in HS and HM group was lower than LS and LM group. Compared with LM and HM groups, serum LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C was lower in LS and HS group., Conclusion: Long-term intake of protein from soybean and egg white, serum TG level may be significantly lower, which may reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. There was a trend of rising serum cholesterol level in rats fed with protein from cow milk for a long time.

Objective: To establish a infant and young child feeding index (ICFI) in China to comprehensive evaluate the feeding of children aged 6-24 months., Methods: Based on the feed index concept defined by Ruel and Menon in 2002, and according to the feeding principle by WHO and Chinese dietary guidelines for children aged 0-6 years, the feed index for infants and young children was built and the variables were scored. Then using WAZ, HAZ and WHZ, the correlation between ICFI and Z score for children in urban and rural of three provinces (Sichuan, Hebei and Heilongjiang) was evaluated., Results: The ICFI was constituted by 7 parts: continued breast-eeding, bottle-feeding, dietary diversity for the past 24 h, frequency of feeding solids/semisolids for the past 24 h, food frequency for the past 7d, the supplementary time of the formula milk and other foods. The difference of ICFI score between urban and rural group was significant (P < 0.05). In urban, the ICFI score of children aged 6-8 months was lower than that of children aged 9-24 months. In urban, the negatively correlation between ICFI and WAZ WHZ was significant (P < 0.05). In rural, the negatively correlation between ICFI and WHZ was significant (P < 0.05), while the positively correlation between ICFI and HAZ was significant (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: ICFI is effective to evaluate the infant feeding in China.

Objective: To improve the unhealthy eating behaviors in 3-5 years old children and enrich the nutrition knowledge of their parents by the multi-channel health education intervention, and evaluate the effects of intervention., Methods: By random multi-stage cluster sampling, 810 children (3-5 years old) and their parents were selected from Beijing and Shanghai respectively. The period of intervention was 6 months. Questionnaire surveys about children's eating behavior and the knowledge of their parents were conducted before and after the intervention., Results: After the intervention, the proportion of partial eclipse and drinking beverage declined from 44.5% and 70.4% to 35.5% and 31.7% respectively. The proportion of having regular meal time, fixed dining place, eating by oneself, fix quantify diet and concentrating on food elevate from 80.0%, 87.3%, 73.4%, 32.1% and 27.1% to 92.1%, 90.2%, 83.7%, 44.3% and 40.1%. The awareness about nutrition in parents increased and the attitude to the children's eating behaviors improved after the intervention., Conclusion: The intervention has some effects on the improvement of the children' s unhealthy eating behaviors and their parents' nutrition knowledge and attitude.

There are many factors that could affect the requirement of vitamin A including infections, parasites, protein-energy malnutrition, bioconversion efficiency of provitamin A, food matrix and so on. However, the toxicity of vitamin A should also be taken into account when establishing reference values for infants, young and preschool children. Serum and breast-milk retinol concentrations, retinol binding protein concentrations, the relative-dose-response test , the modified-relative-dose-response and the deuterated retinol isotope dilution test are the common tools to assess vitamin A status.

Objective: To detect alpha-carotene (alpha-C), beta-carotene (beta-C), cryptoxanthin (Cryp), lutein (Lut) and lycopene (Lyco) levels in vegetables., Methods: A HPLC method with C30 column was used to detect several carotenoids at the wave length of 450 nm. A gradient elution method with methanol, methyl-t-butyl-ether and ammonium acetate solution was used to separate the carotenoids., Results: The level of Lut, Cryp, alpha-c, beta-c and lycopene were linearly related with the peak area. The recoveries of the standard were between 94.7%-108.1%. The relative standard deviations were less than 4.62%., Conclusion: The method could be simple and credible. It could separate 5 carotenoids in vegetables simultaneously.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the Nco I, Ava II polymorphism of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) gene in patients with the occurrence of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI) among the Han nationality in Liaoning province. METHODS The polymerase chain reaction technique was used to study the polymorphisms of LDL-R gene and allele frequencies in 77 patients with ACI and in 113 age-matched Chinese healthy controls. The levels of the lipid and lipoproteins were also compared among the cases with ACI and the controls. RESULTS A(+) frequencies of LDL-R gene in healthy controls and ACI group were 0.230 and 0.125 respectively, while the N(+) frequencies of healthy control and ACI group was 0.667 and 0.662 respectively. In case of the coexistence of A(-) A(-) and N(+) N(+), the relative risk (RR) of ACI was 5.56(P<0.001), while the RR of the increase of serum levels TG, TC, LDL-C, LP(a) were 4.29, 7.67, 9.33 and 3.09(P<0.05), respectively. CONCLUSION The coexistence of A(-) A(-) and N(+) N(+) can affect the concentration of lipid and lipoprotein and is in close relationship with the occurrence of ACI.