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ObjectiveTo determine the effects of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. on the regulation of lipid metabolism based on metabolomics.MethodsTwenty-four rats were randomly divided into the normal control and D. nobile treatment （0.25 g/kg） groups. Rats were intragastrically administered their assigned treatment once every 6 h for 5 d. After the last treatment， the plasma and liver of the animals were collected. Metabolomics were evaluated using UPLC-MS. Principal component analysis （PCA）， cluster analysis， and KEGG pathway analysis were performed to assess the metabolomics data. Compared with the normal control group， different metabolites were identified in the D. nobile treatment group. The expression levels of lipid metabolism-related genes were validated using quantitative real-time PCR.ResultsObvious differences were found between the normal control group and D. nobile treatment group， with significant differences obtained for 1 448 metabolites （P

An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of the residues of prometryn and its metabolites in aquatic products was developed using a modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) method for sample pretreatment. Homogenized samples were extracted with acetonitrile and purified by the combined use of enhanced matrix removal of lipids (EMR-Lipid) and Cleanert LipoNo. The detection was carried out in the positive ion mode with selected reaction monitoring (SRM) and the internal standard method was selected for quantification. Under the optimal conditions, the calibration curves for prometryn and its four metabolites were linear with correlation coefficient (R2) above 0.992 in the concentration range of 1–500 ng/mL. The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantitation (LOQs) for all analytes were as low as 0.20 and 0.50 μg/kg, respectively. For spiked grass carp, crayfish and Chinese mitten crab, good accuracy and precision were observed, with average recoveries and relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 74.4% to 113.7% and 3.17% to 11.47%, respectively. After correction by the internal standard method, the matrix effects of the five compounds in different aquatic products were not significant. The developed method allows the identification and quantitative analysis of the residues of prometryn and its metabolites in aquatic products. Additionally, the applicability of this method was validated by detecting positive samples of crayfish bathed with prometryn.

[Objective] This study conducted a multidimensional quantitative evaluation of pilot low-carbon policies to provide a more effective basis for the formulation and optimization of such policies, and help achieve the dual carbon goals. [Methods] Based on the policy text, text mining was used to obtain low-carbon pilot keywords, and then the PMC index model was constructed to conduct a multidimensional quantitative evaluation of 128 pilot low-carbon policies in China. [Results] The results show that: (1) The overall design of pilot low-carbon policies was good, and the average PMC index was 5.69, which belongs to the good level. The average values of the PMC index and policy response strength index showed an increasing trend from 2010 to 2018. (2) There were great differences in the design level of different pilot policies, as shown by the standard deviation of PMC index was 1.89. The proportion of non-excellent policies was as high as 57.03%, and there were some prominent problems involving lack of long-term planning, low policy level and effectiveness level, insufficient incentive guarantee, and insufficient attention to science and technology. (3) The average PMC index values of pilot low-carbon policies developed by the central government was higher than that of local policies. Most of the central policies were good, but the response intensity index values of local policies were higher than that of the central policies, and excellent policies were dominated by local policies. Both the policy quality and response intensity index of acceptable policies need to be improved. (4) The average PMC index values of the policies of important pilot cities was higher than that of the whole sample and local policies,because the participants of important pilot city policies were clearer, the policy functions were more perfect, and the incentive guarantee system was more sound. The policies of important pilot cities provide a guidance for other cities to optimize the pilot policies. [Conclusion] In the future, pilot low-carbon policies should be optimized and promoted by clarifying participants, improving policy functions and incentive guarantees, enhancing policy timeliness, and promoting the construction of low-carbon legal system.

【Background】 Along with drought, soil salinization is one of the most important abiotic stresses facing agricultural production in arid and semi-arid regions like Xinjiang in northwest China. Saline soil is estimated to have reached 11 million hm2 in Xinjiang, and is a major limiting factor in cotton industry in this region. Accurately measuring soil salinity is hence important to safeguard cotton production in Xinjiang. 【Objective】 The purpose of this paper is to present a new method to estimate salinity distribution at field and regional scales to help improve irrigation and cultivation management. 【Method】 The experiments were conducted at Alar reclamation area in southern Xinjiang. Electrical conductivity of 540 soil samples taken from 30 cotton fields with different salinization levels were measured in soil profile at 0~0.375, 0~0.750, and 0~1.000 m depth. Using the electromagnetic induction data, linear and nonlinear models were constructed to inversely calculate the electrical conductivity of soil at field and regional scales respectively. Stability and reliability of the models was verified against ground-true data using the sample-size-reduction method. 【Result】 At field scale, the coefficient of determination R2 associated with the multiple linear regression model (MLR), the partial least square regression (PLSR) model and the principal component regression model (PCR) varied from 0.88 to 0.95, while their associated R2 for regional scale was from 0.34 to 0.53. The R2 of the nonlinear model built on the random forest (RF), neural network (NN) and support vector machine (SVM) varied between 0.60 and 0.85, with the RF most accurate. The R2 of the RF model for calculating the electrical conductivity of the soil profile at 0~0.375, 0~0.750, 0~1.000 m was 0.80, 0.85 and 0.84, respectively. Compared with the linear model, the model for regional scale significantly improved the accuracy. The sample size in the RF model for regional scale was reduced from 540 to 240, while the accuracy remained almost unchanged, indicating the regional-scale model can reduce the number of soil profile without compromising modelling accuracy. 【Conclusion】 For constructing the inversion model for estimating soil-profile electrical conductivity at regional scale, the random forest method is most accurate.

In view of the very thick soft soil area with complicated surroundings, applicable conditions and characteristics, and design essentials of the design and practice of reverse construction method with large opening in Shanghai Hudong Cultural Center Foundation Pit are discussed with the retaining system consisted of temporary retaining piles in the perimeter and horizontal beam slab structure substitute for supporting struts, which include the overall scheme,retaining structure, beam slab structure struts system, vertical bearing support system, and the artesian water control measures. At the same time, with the field monitoring results of foundation pit deformation and surrounding environment, lateral deformation of retaining piles and settlement of building outside of the pit are analyzed during the whole construction. The results prove the successful implementation of this design can reduce the difficulty of reverse construction, improve the excavation efficiency, shorten the construction period, and ensure the safety of the foundation pit.

In order to study the ballistic resistance of TC4 titanium alloy under different impact angle,the experimental study on the high velocity impact of hemi-spherical projectile on TC4 titanium alloy target plate by light gas gun was carry out. The ballictic limit and failure mode was obtained. Based on experimental conditions,simulation model and material parameters had been validating through ABAQUS and the influence of impact angle on the ballistic resistance of TC4 titanium alloy had been further analyzing. The research result indicate that the main failure mode of TC4 titanium alloy against hemi-spherical projectile is petal-shaped failure caused by tensile shear and ductile holing; There exists an easiest penetration angle under which the projectile can penetrate the TC4 titanium alloy target most easily; The impact resistance of the target plate is closely related to the failure mode which is different under varying impact angel.

In this study, super paddy with moisture content of 14.6% in Yushu area of Jilin province was took as the research object. The paddy was stored under the conditions of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ℃, respectively, and the changes of various quality indexes were detected by sampling regularly. The results showed that the various indicators of seed quality, storage quality, processing quality and appearance quality were greatly affected by the storage temperature. The higher the temperature, the worse quality of paddy. During short-term storage, the storage temperature should be controlled at 25 ℃ or lower to ensure that the storage quality, processing quality and appearance quality of the rice can meet relevant standards. The fatty acid value of high quality japonica paddy with 14.6% moisture content showed a binary nonlinear relationship with storage temperature and storage time, and the change could be predicted by the model FAV=EXP (2.218+0.025 T+0.003 T). On the basis of the changes of various quality indexes and the cost saving factor of grain storage, 25 ℃ quasi-low temperature is suggested as an economical and practical storage temperature, at which 14.6% high quality japonica paddy can be safely stored for 6 months and maintain good quality.

Neuron is the basic unit of nervous system. Studying the fine morphology of neurons is crucial for understanding the structure of neural network and the manner of neural information processing. At present, effective methods to visualize fine morphology of neurons with specific cell types and specific projection are still lacking. In this paper, a recombination vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was designed, with nucleoprotein gene mutated and glycoprotein gene deleted. The virus, VSV-△G-NR7A-EGFP, was capable of highlighted morphology of the labelled neurons in a short time. With specific transgenic animals and a helper virus rAAV-EF1α-Dio-Bfp-Tva, it was demonstrated that, a further constructed virus VSV-△G-EnvA-NR7A-EGFP could sparsely and specifically label D2R neurons with nucleus accumbens-lateral hypothalamus (NAc-LH) projection and dopamine neurons with ventral tegmental area (VTA)-NAc projection.

Quantitative analyses of molecular expression, cell counts and neural network connections among different brain regions are essential in brain science research. Based on Paxinos and Franklin's the Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates (Ⅱ) and public image processing software such as Photoshop and ImageJ, we developed a convenient method for semi-automatic segmentation and cell counting on brain sections. A standard template for brain region segmentation was first obtained from the Paxinos and Franklin's mouse brain atlas. Photoshop was then used to transform the standard template semi-automatically into the space of brain sections, yielding masks of segmented brain regions. Finally, ImageJ was used to analyze the data in different brain regions. This method is useful for immunohistochemical and neuron distribution pattern analyses, as well as neural network labelling studies. The method does not require expensive commercial image analysis software, and is also easy to implement and use.

Objective To observe the efficacy of superselective trans⁃microcatheter intra⁃anterior inferior cerebellar artery thrombolytic therapy with urokinase for patients with sudden vascular deafness. Methods Seventy ⁃ four cases of sudden vascular deafness were randomly treated by transarterial or transvenous urokinase thrombolytic therapy. After thrombolysis, low molecular weight heparin subcutaneous injection of 0.40 ml (2 times/d) and aspirin 100 mg oral (1 time/d) were given continuously for 7 days. Electric audiometry was performed at day 1, 3, 6, 10 to assess the efficacy. Results At day 10, the total effective rate of patients given with transarterial thrombolysis (intra⁃arterial group) was 84.21% (32/38), and the patients given with transvenous thrombolysis (intra⁃venous group) was 58.33% (21/36), the difference between two groups was significant (χ2 = 6.091, P = 0.014). The results of electric audiometry at different time points in intra⁃arterial group were all better than those in intra⁃venous group, the differences were all significant (P < 0.01, for all). Conclusion Superselective intra⁃arterial urokinase thrombolysis is probably an effective therapy for sudden vascular deafness. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2010.02.017

The clarification of the dynamic change trend of cultivated land and its driving factors is an important basis for ensuring national food security, rationally developing and utilizing soil and water resources and adjusting land use structure. Taking Alar reclamation area in southern Xinjiang as an example and based on Landsat satellite remote sensing images, population, GDP and other data of seven important periods from 1990 to 2019, the authors selected the best algorithm to interpret remote sensing images by comparing the accuracy of five classification algorithms comprising SAM - CRF, ANN - CRF, MDC - CRF, MLC - CRF and SVM - CRF. Next, the characteristics of cultivated land area change, type transformation and spatial dynamic change were analyzed by using the interpretation results, and then the main driving factors, action path and intensity of cultivated land area change were discussed. The results show that the SVM - CRF algorithm has the highest classification accuracy among the five classification algorithms, with the overall accuracy of 0.95 and the Kappa coefficient of 0.94. The overall accuracy of the other four algorithms is between 0. 65 and 0. 89, and the Kappa coefficient is between 0. 58 and 0. 86. The area of cultivated land in the study area has continued to increase in the past three decades, and the net increase in cultivated land area is 729. 97 km² (312. 21%). Cultivated land transfer - in and transfer - out has shown a trend of outward expansion and inward contraction, respectively. Total population, GDP, Total Investment in Fixed Assets, gross agricultural product and cotton price are the main driving factors for the change of cultivated land area, among which GDP has the greatest direct impact on the change of cultivated land area, while cotton price has the least impact. Except that GDP has a negative effect on cultivated land area, the other four factors have a positive effect on cultivated land area, and the overall performance of the five factors is a positive effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article summarizes the research progress in treatment drugs for Corona Virus Disease -2019 (COVID-19) by retrieving and referring to the latest clinical data and literature reports, so as to provide reference for clinical treatment. Therapeutic drugs recommended by the latest guidelines were alpha-interferon, lopinavir/ritonavir, and ribavirin combination therapy. In addition, chloroquine, arbidol, as well as bian zheng lun zhi, i. e. diagnosis and treatment based on overall analysis of symptoms and signs, causes, nature and locations of illness and patient physical conditions according to the basic theories of traditional Chinese medicine, can be applied for the treatment of COVID-19. The symptoms of 2 patients treated with lopinavir/ritonavir and redisevir were improved. Theoretically, barretinib could be used as a treatment drug for COVID-19. In vitro experiments have confirmed that darunavir, abidol, fusion peptide (EKl), ABL kinase inhibitors (including imatinib), tenofovir± lavamidine have a certain effect on COVID-19. The combined application of multiple antiviral drugs might be appropriate. The efficacy and safety of the drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 demands further confirmed through clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the role of brassinosteroid (BR) in tuber sprouting and establish effective sprouting regulation system for seed potato, three varieties and sprouting-inhibitor treatments were used to analyze expression characteristics of nine genes related to BR synthesis, signal transduction and regulation during storage. Effects of BR analogue 24-epibrassinolide (24-eBL) and gibberellin (GA3) on tuber sprouting were also studied. The transcript levels of four genes involved in BR synthesis increased with prolonging storage time, and the time points at which the expression levels began to increase in variety with short dormancy period were earlier than those in varieties with middle or long dormancy period. The expression patterns of BRI1 and CYCD3 were similar to those of synthetic genes while BSK and TCH4 remained constant in varieties with middle or long dormancy period. Sprouting-inhibitors stimulated transcripts of those genes to elevate in the earlier stage of storage, then rapidly decline and stay low levels. There was no significant expression change of transcription factor BZR1 in varieties and sprouting-inhibitor treatments during storage. BR analogue 24-eBL was favorable to tuber dormancy release but shoot growth. The tuber weight per plant treated with 24-eBL and GA3 mixture increased by 37.92% to 98.41% compared with CK. The conclusion, BR synthesis and its signal transduction are essential physiological processes from dormancy to sprouting in potato tuber. Mixture of 24-eBL and GA3 can facilitate uniformity of seed potato sprouting, stronger growth and better tuberization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional furrow openers are lack of the ability of reducing resistance and clay adhesion. Hence, a kind of new bionic opener was designed and manufactured here based on characteristics of adhesion and resistance reduction of soil animals and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. Its tractive resistance was tested and compared with that of a traditional opener in an orthogonal (three factor and four level) designed field experiment in order to study the viscosity drag reduction mechanism of the bionic opener with non-smooth surface. Experimental results showed that clay adhesion on the traditional opener was not found when soil humidity was less than 16.3%, but obvious when soil humidity was more than 20.8%, while the adhesion on the bionic opener was little regardless of soil humidity. The tractive resistance of the bionic opener increased with increasing soil humidity when soil humidity was in a certain range. It was apparent that the traction resistance was mainly affected by the trenching depth, the soil humidity, and the forward velocity. Based on the related theory, the only velocity magnitude changes and the tractive resistance should be unaffected when the tractor is in a state of uniform motion. The impact of forward velocity on traction resistance and clay adhesion might because a number of conditions could not be completely controlled during the field test. In conclusion, the bionic opener was better in reducing adhesion and resistance than the traditional openers probably because: 1) the contact area with soil was smaller in the former than in the latter; 2) the former had corrugated non-smooth shape, which could form a cavity when contacting with the soil, result in a higher normal adhesion than tangential adhesion, destroying the adhesion interface and reducing the resistance; and 3) the former could cause larger stress fluctuation than the latter, and the fluctuation could partly destroy the continuity of the soil so that the barricade blocking and compaction were not easily formed. Furthermore, the bionic opener could work best in an optimal condition with soil moisture of 16.3%, the trenching depth of 6 cm and the forward velocity of 1.8 km/h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To solve the trajectory tracking problem for a quadrotor helicopter in the presence of model parametric uncertainties and wind perturbations, a global dynamic robust control strategy is proposed in this paper. Both the translational control and the rotational attitude control after decoupling were obtained by the Newton-Euler formalism. To stabilize the rotational attitude and translational movements, a model predictive controller (MPC) was designed, with a sliding mode controller (SMC) running parallel, to realize the reference trajectory tracking. Simulation results are presented to corroborate the real-time, effectiveness, and stability of the proposed strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To observe the quantity and activity of osteoclast in peri -implant tissues dynamically. METHODS: An animal model of dental implants was established in 6 male Beagle dogs of 1-2 years old. Bone remodeling was tested at 3-, 7-,15-,30-,60- and 90-day after placement of implants. The mandibular bones were taken out and the morphological changes were observed under X-ray examination. Bone tissue samples underwent HE staining. The data were analyzed with SPSS13.0 software package. RESULTS: The most prominent period of osteoclasts occurred at 7 -day after placement of implants. After 7 days of implantation, the activity of osteoclast gradually decreased. CONCLUSIONS: The active stage for bone remodelling in peri-implant tissues during unloading period is about 7 days after implantation. Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Y2008C43). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the protective effect of allicin on nicotine-induced oxidative damage to human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs). Methods 1) Establish nicotine-induced oxidative damage model on HPDLCs. Use water-soluble tetrazolium (WST) colorimetric method to find out the nicotine concentration (X) that could inhibit HPDLCs' growth for the following experiments. 2) HPDLCs of the fifth passage were divided into 5 groups: The control group, the nicotine group and the nicotine+allicin groups(the concentration of allicin was 15, 30, and 60 μg · mL-1 respectively). Different kinds of culture media were added. Similarly, use WST colorimetric method to choose the allicin concentration (Y) that could significantly improve the survival rate of HPDLCs. 3) HPDLCs were divided into 3 groups: The control group, the nicotine group, the nicotine+allicin group and different media were added. The glutathion (GSH) concentrations in HPDLCs were determined in 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24h respectively. Results 0.8 mg · mL-1 nicotine could inhibit the HPDLCs survival rate significantly (77% of the control, P < 0.05). But 60 μg · mL-1 allicin could prevent the inhibition effects evidently, improving the survival rate to 112% of that of the nicotine group (P < 0.05) and reaching the survival rate level of control group (P > 0.05). The GSH concentrations of nicotine+allicin group were higher than that of the nicotine group always (P < 0.05) and by 82% at 8 h after culture, but had no difference with that of the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion 60 μg · mL-1 allicin can protect the HPDLCs against oxidative damage induced by nicotine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate superselective renal arterial embolization (SRAE) in treating severe renal hemorrhage after mPCNL. Methods SRAE was performed in 287 patients with severe renal hemorrhage after mPCNL by using Seldingers method. Using coil and PVA microspheres or coil and gelatin foam, renal arterial embolization was performed. Before embolization, the renal artery angiography could judge the region and degree of arterial injury. Results Two hundred and eighty-two patients artery angiography were positive, and 5 patients artery angiography were negative. After SRAE with single session, the hemorrhage stopped in 257 patients. 26 patients had a recurrence of hematuria, and the blood urine subsided after SRAE was employed again. The blood urine subsided in 1 patient after the third embolization. 3 patients still bled after renal embolization and had to receive surgery. The 6-12 months follow-up was carried out in all patients. There was no haematuia relapses or pyonephrosis occurring. After nephrectomy, blood pressure of 1 patient with a long term hypertension and renal atrophy returned to normal. Conclusion Superselective renal artery catheterization and embolization can maximally preserve renal function and save lives, is a rapid and safe treatment for severe renal hemorrhage after mPCNL. It can provide an effective guarantee for the development of mPCNL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unstable quality of Polyporus umbellatus sclerotia during cultivation is the key factor affecting the quality and yield of P. umbellatus sclerotia. In order to provide technical support for obtaining superior P. umbellatus by molecular breeding, the genetic transformation system mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens was studied in this paper. A. tumefaciens-mediated method was used to investigate the effects of antibiotic concentration, strain type, A. tumefaciens concentration, receptor material, infection time, co-culture time, and screening conditions on the genetic transformation efficiency of P. umbellatus. The transformants were screened and detected by hygromycin resistance marker genes, polymerase chain reaction(PCR) of specific primers, and fluorescence detection methods. The results showed that the A. tumefaciens GV3101 strain could genetically transfer P. umbellatus mycelium cells, and the optimal conditions for infection were as follows: the A. tumefaciens concentration A&#95;(600 nm)= 0.6, P. umbellatus mycelium cells as receptor material, infection time of 30 min, and co-culture time of 3 days. The two-step screening method involving hygromycin of 9 and 13 μg·mL~(-1 )was the best screening condition. The results of hygromycin resistance screening, PCR detection of specific primers, and fluorescence detection showed that the exogenous gene eGFP had been transferred into the P. umbellatus mycelium cells, integrated into the genome, and successfully expressed. Under optimal conditions, the conversion efficiency could be increased to 2.3%, and the genetic transformation period was shortened from more than 90 days to less than 60 days. This study established and optimized the genetic transformation system of P. umbellatus mycelium cells mediated by A. tumefaciens, laying a foundation for the analysis of the molecular mechanism of P. umbellatus during growth and molecular breeding.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of dapoxetine combined with transcutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation (TNES) in the treatment of primary premature ejaculation., Methods: A total of 60 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for primary premature ejaculation were selected as study subjects and randomly divided into a dapoxetine group (control group) and a dapoxetine combined with percutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation group (observation group).30 patients in each group were treated for 4 weeks. Intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT), the score of Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT), sympathetic skin response located in the penis (PSSR), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7) before and after treatment were recorded in the two groups. Before and after treatment, the difference in observed indexes in the two groups and the comparison of effective rates between the two groups were analyzed., Results: The latency of IELT and PSSR was prolonged and the PEDT score was decreased in both the observation group and the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the observation group had statistically significant differences in extending IELT and PSSR latency and reducing PEDT score (P<0.05). The effective rates of the observation group and control group were 90% and 63.33%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the improvement of depression and anxiety levels between the two groups (P> 0.05)., Conclusion: Dapoxetine combined with TNES has a better clinical effect than dapoxetine alone in the treatment of primary premature ejaculation, and can be used as an effective option for clinical treatment of primary premature ejaculation.

Objectives: With the rapid development of aging population, the number of elderly patients undergoing posterior lumbar spine surgery continues to increase. Lumbar spine surgery could cause moderate to severe postoperative pain, and the conventional opioid-based analgesia techniques have many side effects, which are barriers to the recovery after surgery of the elderly. Previous studies have demonstrated that erector spinae plane block (ESPB) could bring about favorable analgesia in spinal surgery. As far as the elderly are concerned, the analgesic and recovery effects of ESPB on posterior lumbar spine surgery are not completely clear. This study aims to observe the effects of bilateral ESPB on elderly patients undergoing posterior lumbar spine surgery, and to improve the anesthesia techniques., Methods: A total of 70 elderly patients of both sex, who were selected from May 2020 to November 2021, scheduled for elective posterior lumbar spine surgery, and in the age of 60-79 years, with American Society of Anesthesiologists class Ⅱ-Ⅲ, were divided into a ESPB group and a control (C) group using a random number table method, with 35 patients each. Before general anesthesia induction, 20 mL 0.4% ropivacaine was injected to the transverse process of L 3 or L 4 bilaterally in the ESPB group and only saline in the C group. The score of Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) indicating pain at rest and on movement within 48 h after operation, time of first patient control analgesia (PCA), cumulative consumptions of sufentanil within 48 hours, Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (LSEQ) scores on the morning of day 1 and day 2 after operation, Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) scores at 24 and 48 h after operation, full diet intake times, perioperative adverse reactions such as intraoperative hypotension, postoperative dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and constipation were compared between the 2 groups., Results: A total of 70 patients were enrolled and 62 subjects completed the study, including 32 in the ESPB group and 30 in the C group. Compared with the C group, the postoperative NRS scores at rest at 2, 4, 6, and 12 h and on movementat at 2, 4, and 6 h were lower, time of first PCA was later, sufentanil consumptions were significantly decreased during 0-12 h and 12-24 h after operation, LSEQ scores on the morning of day 1 and QoR-15 scores at 24 and 48 h after operation were higher, full diet intakes achieved earlier in the ESPB group (all P <0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidences of intraoperative hypotension, postoperative dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and constipation between the 2 groups (all P >0.05)., Conclusions: Providing favorable analgesic effects with reduced opioids consumption, bilateral ESPB for posterior lumbar spine surgery in the elderly patients could also improve postoperative sleep quality, promote gastrointestinal functional restoration, and enhance recovery with few adverse reactions.

Objectives: The number of gestational women has been increased in recent years, resulting in more adverse pregnancy outcomes. It is crucial to assess the coagulation function of pregnant women and to intervene in a timely manner. This study aims to analyze the influencing factors on thrombelastography (TEG) and explore the evaluation of TEG for gestational women., Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 449 pregnant women who were hospitalized in the obstetrics department in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from 2018 to 2020. We compared the changes on the TEG parameters among normal pregnant women between different age groups, different ingravidation groups, and different stages of pregnancy groups. The influence on TEG of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) as well as two diseases synchronization was explored., Results: Compared with the normal second trimester women, the R values and K values of TEG were increased, and α angle, CI values and LY30 values were decreased in third trimester women (all P <0.05). Compared with normal group, the R values and CI values of TEG of the HDP group have significant difference (both P <0.05). There were no significant difference of TEG between the GDM group, the HDP combined with GDM group and the normal group (all P> 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors for R value in TEG were weeks of gestation ( P <0.001) and mode of conception ( P <0.05), for α angle was weeks of gestation ( P <0.05), for MA value was mode of conception ( P <0.05), and for CI value was weeks of gestation ( P <0.05). The analysis of correlation between TEG with platelet (PLT) and coagulation routines represented that there was a correlation between TEG R values and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) ( P <0.01), and negative correlation between TEG CI values and APTT ( P <0.05). There was a negative correlation between TEG K values and FIB ( P <0.05). The correlation of α angle ( P <0.05), MA values ( P <0.01) and CI values ( P <0.05) with FIB were positive respectively., Conclusions: The TEG parameters of 3 stages of pregnancy were different. The different ingravidation approach has effect on TEG. The TEG parameters were consistent with conventional coagulation indicators. The TEG can be used to screen the coagulation status of gestational women, recognize the abnormalities of coagulation and prevent the severe complication timely.

The moistening process of Rehmanniae Radix was characterized quantitatively by moisture phase, texture properties, and component content based on water absorption kinetics and expansion kinetics. Non-linear fitting of water absorption kinetics and expansion kinetics in the moistening process of Rehmanniae Radix was carried out. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance and imaging(LF-NMR/MRI) technology was used to investigate the phase state and distribution changes of water during the moistening process. The Texture Analyzer was used for the determination of texture properties. The correlations between water absorption rate, expansion rate, water phase state, hardness, and compression cycle work of Rehmanniae Radix at different moistening time were analyzed. The results showed that the water absorption kinetics and expansion kinetics of Rehmanniae Radix were in accordance with the first-order kinetics. Moreover, the water absorption rate and expansion rate increased with the increase in temperature but decreased with the increase in the size of the medicinal materials.In the moistening process, the moisture was transferred from the outside to the inside, and the proportion of the moisture phase changed significantly.Within 16 hours, free water increased from 0.825% to 97.7%,while bound water decreased from 99.2% to 2.33%.Within 28 hours, the texture properties, such as hardness and compression cycle work, decreased gradually with the prolongation in moistening time.At 32 hours, water was evenly distributed throughout the whole medicinal material, and the texture properties also tended to be stable.Pearson correlation bivariate analysis showed that moistening time, water absorption rate, expansion rate, the relative content of free water and bound water, hardness, and compression cycle work were significantly correlated, suggesting that water absorption kinetics and expansion kinetics, LF-NMR/MRI,and Texture Analyzer could directly and quantitatively characterize the moistening process.This study is expected to provide a scientific basis for clarifying the scientific connotation of the moistening process of Rehmanniae Radix.

Eight rice varieties suitable for local cultivation were selected and field tests were carried out to compare the accumulation, absorption, and transport characteristics of Cd. The rice varieties with low Cd accumulation were screened, and the factors affecting the accumulation degree and stability of rice were analyzed. The results showed that:①According to the comprehensive accumulation index( P N ) evaluation method, the rice varieties with low P N ability for Cd were selected as follows:Chuanyou 3203, Chuanyou 6203, Dejing 6, and Shenyou 17. ②Considering the Cd content and yield of rice, Chuanyou 3203 and Chuanyou 6203 are suitable for planting in this region, which guarantees a safe Cd content in and high yield of rice. ③The contents of Cd in Chuanyou 3203 and Chuanyou 6203 were significantly lower than those of other rice varieties and stable under different pH and total Cd ranges and soil conditions. ④The difference between rice varieties had a significant effect on rice enrichment ability, but little effect on translocation from stem to leaf. The low enrichment coefficient of Chuanyou 3203 and Chuanyou 6203, combined with low translocation, demonstrated the low Cd enrichment capacity of rice. ⑤Correlation analysis showed that the Cd content was most affected by the enrichment coefficient of rice, and least affected by the total Cd content of rhizosphere soil.

Tianxiong has been used as a Chinese medicinal in China for thousands of years, and the earliest record can be traced back to the Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica. It is effective in dispersing wind, dissipating cold, and replenishing fire to streng-then yang. To clarify the origin of Tianxiong, the present herbalogical study reviewed the ancient and modern literature from the origin, processing, and clinical efficacy. Before the Tang Dynasty, although the description of Tianxiong was quite superficial, an apparent difference between Tianxiong and Fuzi was recognized. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, Tianxiong and Fuzi were mistakenly recognized to be prepared from a same plant since their raw materials came from artificial cultivation. Medical literature in the Ming and Qing Dynasties mostly followed the previous records, with the origin of Tianxiong remaining controversial. There were three mainstream views about the origin of Tianxiong according the ancient medical books. First, Tianxiong was a kind of Aconiti Radix(Chuanwu) without attachment of Fuzi. Second, Tianxiong was the large Fuzi. Third, Tianxiong derived from Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix(Caowu) about 10 cm in length. By contrast, Fuzi in a large size was simply regarded as Tianxiong in modern times. The processing methods were diversified in the ancient times, and the fire-processing was continuously applied. With the deepening of the research on the efficacy and detoxification mechanism, more methods were discovered, such as processing with ginger juice, child's urine and alcohol. As for modern times, the processing of Tianxiong has not been nearly passed down. The characteristic processing of Tianxiong only handed down in Sichuan province and Lingnan area, which can be discriminated by the last step. The efficacies of Tianxiong can be directly understood from its literal name, including dispersing wind, dissipating cold, and replenishing fire to assist yang. Nowadays, Tianxiong is mostly used to strengthen yang.

The concentrations of 22 endocrine disrupting chemicals, including 4 categories of sex hormones, progesterones, glucocorticoids, and phenolic hormones, in groundwater of Wuxi-Changzhou were analyzed using solid-phase extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The results indicated that 20 EDCs were detected, among which bisphenol A (BPA), estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), and 17 α -ethinyl estradiol (EE2) were the main components with detection ratios greater than 90%, followed by estriol (E3) and methyl-prednisolonel (Meprednl), which had detection rates 67.7% and 48.4%, respectively. The average concentration of BPA was the highest (4.95 ng·L -1 ), followed by that of Meprednl, E2, prednisolone (Prednl), testosterone propionate (TES-pro), and megestrol-acetate (MA; 2.84, 0.71, 0.64, 0.58, and 0.53 ng·L -1 , respectively). The total concentration in each site ranged from 0.38 to 147.35 ng·L -1 . The sites with higher concentration were mainly distributed in the Xinbei District, Liyang City, and the Zhonglou District of Changzhou City. The potential sources were analyzed by a principal component analysis (PCA) combining the point sources near sample sites. The results showed that domestic sewage, aquaculture, and industrial wastewater were the main sources, following by medical wastewater. A non-carcinogenic risk assessment showed a low risk of EDCs in the groundwater of the study area, and the risk of drinking water was greater than that of skin exposure. EE2 had the highest non-carcinogenic risk and is suggested to be monitored in priority.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of black cohosh extracts (BCE) in improving the low estrogen status induced by postoperative gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) in patients with endometriosis., Methods: Randomized clinical controlled trial about the improvement of low estrogen status caused by GnRHa with the treatment of BCE in patients with endometriosis after laparoscopic surgery were retrieved from Medline (Ovid), PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBMdisc, Wanfang and VIP databases before January 2020, and meta-analysis of included studies was performed by Revman 5.3 software., Results: Seven randomized controlled trials involving 745 patients were included in this study. Meta-analysis results showed that the addition of BCE did not alter hormone levels of patients, including serum estradiol levels [ MD =1.24, 95% CI (-4.58, 7.08), P &gt;0.05] and luteinizing hormone levels [ MD =-0.02, 95% CI (-0.15, 0.11), P &gt;0.05]. BCE effectively improved the perimenopausal symptoms induced by low estrogen status:improving hectic fever and sweating [ OR =0.1, 95% CI (0.02, 0.47), P &lt; 0.01], reducing the occurrence of insomnia symptoms [ OR =0.23, 95% CI (0.13, 0.39), P &lt; 0.01], improving fatigue [ OR =0.09, 95% CI (0.04, 0.20), P &lt; 0.01], reducing the occurrence of vaginal dryness [ OR =0.04, 95% CI (0.01, 0.30), P &lt; 0.01]. BCE affected Kupperman's menopausal index (KMI) score 12 weeks after the surgery [ MD =-11.50, 95% CI (-20.09, -2.90), P &lt; 0.01] and KMI score 24 weeks after the surgery [ MD =-23.68, 95% CI (-39.66, -7.69), P &lt; 0.01]., Conclusions: The limited evidence so far indicates that BCE could efficiently improve perimenopausal symptoms cause by low estrogen status of the patients recieved GnRHa treatment after surgery for endometriosis, but does not alter hormone levels of patients.

A novel method based on high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was established for the determination of carbendazim in Procambarus clarkii . The sample was extracted by ethyl acetate under alkaline conditions and centrifuged. The supernatant was concentrated by rotary evaporation, redissolved, and then enriched and purified on a mixed-mode cation exchange solid phase extraction column (MCX). A C18 column was used with acetonitrile and water as mobile phases in a gradient elution. Ionization was performed using an electrospray positive ion source (ESI + ), and detection was achieved by MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The linearity for carbendazim was good in the range of 0.5-50.0 μg/L; the linear equation was y =0.19988 x +0.01842; and the correlation coefficient ( r 2 ) was 0.9985. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.25 μg/kg and 0.50 μg/kg, respectively. At spiked levels of 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, and 50.0 μg/kg, the recoveries ranged from 83.9% to 105.5%, and the relative standard deviation ranged from 1.1% to 3.2%. This method is simple and effective for the determination of carbendazim residues in P. clarkii .

Coumarin is an important class of natural organic compounds, which widely exists in a variety of plants and microorganisms. Coumarins have many biological activities and wide clinical applications, such as anti-tumor, anti-HIV, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-coagulation, but they have obvious toxic effects in rodents. It was found that the toxicity of coumarins in different animals and organs was significantly different, and high dose oral administration was more likely to produce toxic reactions. Based on the research and analysis of domestic and foreign literatures in recent 60 years, this paper mainly summarized the hepatotoxicity and pulmonary toxicity induced by coumarins, and probed into their possible mechanisms. It was found that the toxicity of coumarins had metabolic differences and species differences. The liver of rats and lungs of mice were more susceptible to coumarins. Toxic reactions occurred mainly in the second metabolic pathway of coumarin metabolism in vivo. In order to put forward safety considerations and evaluate the impact of coumarin on human body, it was found that coumarin is unlikely to produce hepatotoxicity at normal exposure level. It was also suggested that species differences due to different metabolic patterns in model animals should be carefully considered when assessing coumarin toxicity, in order to provide reference for clinical research and rational use of coumarins and improve the rational use of coumarins.

A method was developed for the determination of chlorpyrifos residues in paddy field aquatic products by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Samples were extracted with acetonitrile and purified by using 0.2 g primary secondary amine (PSA) sorbent and 1.2 g MgSO 4 . The target compound was separated on a Hypersil GOLD C 18 column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 5 μm), and was determined using a heated electrospray ionization (HESI) source in the positive ion selective reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. The analyte was quantified with external standard using the matrix-matched standard calibration curve method. The results showed that good linearities were obtained in the range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L, and the correlation coefficients were greater than 0.999. The spiked recoveries of chlorpyrifos ranged from 86.2% to 103.6% with RSDs of 3.5%-7.6% ( n =6). The limits of detection and quantification were 0.25 μg/kg and 0.5 μg/kg, respectively. This method is simple, quick, sensitive, and suitable for the rapid determination and analysis of chlorpyrifos residues in paddy field aquatic products.

Objective To investigate the expression levels of hepatic immune-related genes in C57BL/6J mice treated by high-fat diet. Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were treated by high-fat diet for 16 and 38 weeks, and the control group were given normal diet. The body mass and blood glucose levels were measured, and the liver slices were checked by HE staining. Hepatic RNA was extracted and sequenced by a Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI) BGISEQ-500 Sequencing Platform. Original sequence data were aligned and annotated referring to UCSC GRCm38/mm10 mouse genome. Volcano plots were used to profile the mRNA expression data matrix and find out the most significantly regulated hepatic immune-related genes. Real-time PCR was performed to validate the changes of selected genes. Results High-fat diet significantly increased mouse body mass and blood glucose levels, and HE staining showed the accumulation of lipid in the livers of mice treated by high-fat diet. Volcano plots of transcriptome data showed that, high-fat diet significantly changed the expression levels of 157 out of 795 hepatic immune-related genes at week 16. At week 38, 235 genes were significantly changed, and most genes showed an up-regulation trend. Among those significantly changed genes, six genes were selected to validate the data with a real-time PCR technology. At week 16, the gene expression levels of CD36 and PR domain containing 1 (PRDM1) significantly increased, and CD276 significantly decreased. At week 38, the gene expression levels of chemokine CXC motif ligand 1 (CXCL1), CD40 and formyl peptode receptor 1 (FPR1) were significantly raised. The real-time PCR data were generally in line with the trend of transcriptomic data. Conclusion Long-term treatment with high-fat diet significantly changes the gene expression levels of mouse hepatic immune-related genes.

Objective: To study the molecular mechanism for DNA hypomethylation of STAT3 promoter in CD4+ T cells from acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) patients.
 Methods: We collected CD4+ T cells from peripheral blood of 42 patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) from HLA-identical sibling donors. GADD45A expression level in CD4+ T cells was measured by real-time PCR and Western blot. The binding level between HMGB1 and GADD45A in CD4+ T cells was analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation, while the binding levels of HMGB1/GADD45A with STAT3 promoter were detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative real-time PCR (ChIP-qPCR). After overexpression of HMGB1 and knockdown of GADD45A in normal CD4+ T cells, STAT3 expression and DNA methylation were measured by Western blot and bisulfite sequencing PCR, respectively.
 Results: GADD45A expression was significantly up-regulated in patients with aGVHD compared with that in the patients without aGVHD. More HMGB1-GADD45A complexes were found in CD4+ T cells from patients with aGVHD compared with that in patients without aGVHD. The bindings of HMGB1/GADD45A with STAT3 promoter were significantly increased, and the binding levels of HMGB1/GADD45A were negatively correlated with STAT3 promoter DNA methylation. The expression of STAT3 was significantly reduced and the DNA methylation of STAT3 promoter was significantly increased in CD4+ T cells with overexpression of HMGB1 and knockdown of GADD45A compared with CD4+ T cells only with overexpression of HMGB1.
 Conclusion: The increased expression of HMGB1/GADD45A plays an importent role in STAT3 promoter DNA hypomethylation, thereby promoting STAT3 expression in CD4+ T cells from aGVHD patients.

Objective: To study the relationship between acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) and the SIRT1 expression in peripheral blood CD4+T cells from patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).
 Methods: We collected 40 patients who underwent allo-HSCT from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical sibling donors. SIRT1 expression level in CD4+T cells was measured by real-time PCR and Western blot. Acetylation and phosphorylation of STAT3 in CD4+T cells were detected by Western blot. The binding level between SIRT1 and STAT3 in CD4+T cells was analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation and Western blot. Over-expression of SIRT1 in aGVHD CD4+T cells, as well as STAT3 acetylation and phosphorylation were measured by Western blot. The mRNA levels of RORγt, IL-17A, IL-17F related to Th17 were detected by real-time PCR.
 Results: SIRT1 expression was significantly down-regulated, while STAT3 expression, acetylation and phosphorylation levels were significantly up-regulated in patients with aGVHD compared with patients without aGVHD. The STAT3 acetylation was positively correlated with STAT3 phosphorylation (r=0.69, P<0.01). Less SIRT1-STAT3 complexes were found in CD4+T cells from patients with aGVHD compared with patients without aGVHD. After SIRT1 over-expression in aGVHD CD4+T cells, the STAT3 acetylation and phosphorylation, and the expression of RORγt, IL-17A, and IL-17F related to Th17 were significantly down-regulated (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: SIRT1 deficiency in CD4+T cells plays a crucial role in up-regulation of STAT3 acetylation and phosphorylation, the increase of Th17 related gene expression, and induction of aGVHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Objective: To observe the efficacy of double-needle winding and pulling combined with electroacupuncture in treating scapulohumeral periarthritis., Methods: Sixty cases with scapulohumeral periarthritis were equally randomized into treatment group and control group ( n =30 in each group). Jianliao (TE 14), Jianyu(LI 15), Naoshu(SI 10), Jianzhen(SI 9), Binao(LI 14), Quyuan(SI 13), Quchi(LI 11), Shousanli(LI 10) were selected in the two groups. In the treatment group,double-needles were inserted respectively into TE 14,LI 15 and SI 10, twirling till sticking,then the needles were pulled for 3 times.The rest acupoints were manipulated routinely before electroacupuncture apparatus was connected. The control group received routine electroacupuncture treatment. Both groups were treated for 2 courses, which comprised of 6 days as a course and 1 day rest. VAS and Melle were scored and clinical efficacy was evaluated for both groups., Results: VAS and Melle scores were lower after treatment than those before in both groups ( P <0.001), and the scores in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P <0.001). The before-and-after-treatment difference values of VAS and Melle scores in the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P <0.01). There were 8 cases cured, 17 observed markedly effective and 4 effective in the treatment group, the rate of cured and markedly effective was 83.3%, which was significantly higher ( P <0.01) than that of the control group (50.0%), in which 0 cases cured, 15 observed markedly effective, 13 effective. No significant difference was observed between the two groups in total effective rate ( P >0.05). No adverse event occurred during the treatment., Conclusions: The therapy of double-needle winding and pulling combined with electroacupuncture has good efficacy in treating scapulohumeral periarthritis,which can relieve pain and improve the shoulder joint function, and it is superior to single electroacupuncture therapy.