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In order to study the fruit quality characteristics of different varieties of Phyllanthus emblica L., a total of 8 varieties of Phyllanthus emblica L. from Guangdong and Guangxi provinces were selected as the research objects, and 31 indexes such as their appearance characteristics, active substances and nutritional components were determined. The varieties with good nutritional quality and processing characteristics were selected by the principal component analysis. The results showed that the fruit weight, and the contents of total sugars, total acids, total flavonoids, total phenols, ascorbic acid, organic acid and monomer phenol in different varieties of Phyllanthus emblica L. fruit different significantly, but their juice yield and edible rate showed little difference. The six factors with characteristic values higher than 1 were extracted by the principal component analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 96.95%. The factors affecting the first principal component were total acids, total phenols, malic acid and lactic acid; The factor affecting the second principal component were single fruit weight, longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter and pulp weight; The factor affecting the third principal component were tartaric acid, citric acid, and claritin acid. The cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 75.84%. Taking the 6 factors into consideration, "Zhi Sheng Miao" and "Ping Dan 1" varieties were suitable for the extraction of active substances, "Ling Shan 4", "Bing Tian" and "Bo Li" varieties were suitable for processing into juice. The results of this study provided a reference for the selection of varieties suitable for fruit juice processing and extraction of active substances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to increase the kinds of jelly and improve the added value of Phyllanthus emblica L. and passion fruit, using P. emblica L. and passion fruit as main raw materials, sensory score, color and texture properties as indicators, the effects of the added amount of passion fruit juice, compound gum and erythritol on the quality of the compound jelly of P. emblica L. and passion fruit were explored by single factor experiments. On this basis, taking sensory score as the response value, the formulation of the compound jelly of P. emblica L. and passion fruit was optimized by response surface methodology. The results showed that the best formulation of the compound jelly of P. emblica L. and passion fruit was as follows: The added amount of passion fruit juice was 19%, the added amount of compound gum was 2.0% (the mass ratio of curdlan gum, konjac gum and xanthan gum was 30:3:7), and the added amount of erythritol was 26.8%. The compound jelly prepared under these conditions was orange in color, lustrous, delicate in taste, with the characteristic flavors of P. emblica L. and passion fruit being outstanding and harmonious. It tasted sweet and sour, with long sweet aftertaste, and the hardness, elasticity and chewiness were moderate. Its overall acceptability was very good, and its sensory score was 8.65 points. This study could provide a reference for the development of low-sugar compound jelly of P. emblica L. and passion fruit without adding flavor, pigment and sucrose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Phyllanthus emblica, which is a dual-use resource for medicine and food, is a dried and mature fruit of Phyllanthus emblica in Euphorbiaceae plant. It is rich in various compounds, including amino acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, volatile oils, etc. Phyllanthus emblica extract has various biological activities, including anti microbial infection, antioxidation, anti-tumor, lowering blood lipids and blood sugar, lowering blood pressure and tonifying. The commonly used extraction methods for different components include solvent method, ultrasonic assisted method, impregnation method, enzyme assisted method, subcritical water extraction method, microwave assisted method, reflux method, decompression method, etc. The article provides a summary of the various chemical components in Phyllanthus emblica, outlines the extraction methods for each component, discusses the optimal extraction conditions, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of different methods, summarizes the research of Phyllanthus emblica in animal husbandry, to provide reference for the application of Phyllanthus emblica extract in animal husbandry production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology / Zhongguo Shipin Xuebao is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics (1001-1803) is the property of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Phyllanthus acidus, an evergreen shrub or tree in Euphorbiaceae, is mainly distributed in Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, Laos, etc. It is also introduced and cultivated in Xishuangbanna and Yuanjiang areas of Yunnan Province, China. The fruits are edible and the plant has been widely used to treat various diseases, such as hypertension, asthma, diabetes, dermatitis, fever, smallpox, and so on, by the local people of its growing areas. Moreover, the young leaves are utilized as edible vegetables in Indonesia, Thailand and India. Phytochemical studies yielded sesquiterpenes, diterpenes and triterpenes from roots and stems, and flavonoids as the major chemical constituents from the leaves. Some constituents showed obvious anti-hepatitis B virus(HBV), anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and anti-hypertensive activities. For example, parts of the norbisabolane sesquiterpenes displayed potential anti-HBV activities, with IC50 values of 0.8-36 μmol·L-1 against HBV surface antigen(HBsAg)and HBV excreted antigen(HBeAg), and the results indicate that the ketal group at C-5 and sugar moieties at C-13 play important roles in the selectivity of HBsAg and HBeAg. This paper reviews the research progress of chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of the plant from 1966 to 2020, which provides scientific evidence and reference for its future study, spread, application and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To study in vitro the effect of human intestinal bacteria on the transformation of to-tal tannins extracted from emblic leafflower (Yuganzi, Phyllanthus emblica L.), a usually used Tibetan herbal medicine. Methods Based on the earlier stage work of the extraction of total tannins from Phyl-lanthus emblica L., activated human gut microbiota was anaerobically incubated in the culture medium GAM containing the total tannins at 37℃ for 72 hours. After centrifugation and protein precipitation, the characteristics of the metabolites were determined by using HPLC/MSn and the contents of each compo-nent determined were measured by using HPLC-UV, on which the time-content curve was drawn. Results Total 13 components were determined, including four metabolites (pyrogallic acid, methyl-de-rivative of gallic, urolithin B, and urolithin A), four prototype components (gallic acid, corilagin, gal-loyl glucose, and digalloyl glucose) and five components to be determined. The accumulated contents of gallic acid and ellagic acid were the highest at Hour 12, 10-fold higher than that of the beginning; the accumulated content of corilagin was the highest at Hour 6 with twice higher of the beginning. Conclusion After the total tannins from Phyllanthus emblica L. were transformed by human gut microbi-ota in vitro, certain bioactive prototype components remained and antitumor components were found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]