Search

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the protein changes mechanism of buffalo meat during low temperature storage. Methods: Buffalo meat samples were stored at 4, -18 and -60 ℃, respectively, and the contents of total protein, surface hydrophobicity, total sulfhydryl, free sulfhydryl and carbonyl values were determined, following the analysis of the correlation among those protein indicators. Results: The results showed that the contents of total protein, total sulfhydryl and free sulfhydryl of buffalo meat decreased, with the extension of storage time, while the surface hydrophobicity and carbonyl value of buffalo meat increased. The protein oxidation increased showing linear relationship to the storage temperature. During cold or frozen storage, the total protein content was extremely significantly positively correlated with the contents of total sulfhydryl and free sulfhydryl (P＜0.01), while negatively correlated with surface hydrophobicity and carbonyl value (P＜0.01). The surface hydrophobicity was extremely significantly positively correlated with carbonyl value (P＜0.01), while negatively correlated with the contents of total protein, total sulfhydryl and free sulfhydryl (P＜0.01). Conclusion: The degree of protein oxidation of buffalo meat stored at -60 ℃ was the lowest, with the quality characteristics of buffalo meat maintained better, and its fresh-keeping effect was better than that of buffalo meat stored at 4 ℃ and -18 ℃.

Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) are globally produced brominated flame retardant (BFR) and are used primarily as an additive FR in thermal insulation building materials, upholstery textiles, and electronics. HBCDs not only pollute the ecological environment, but also harm the health of human beings through the food chain. The study on the environmental fate and biomagnification of HBCDs diastereomers and enantiomers in food chains is an important foundation for risk assessment and effective pollution control. The characteristics of HBCDs, the selective accumulation, biomagnification and transformation of HBCDs diastereomers and their enantiomers in food chain are reviewed in this paper. The influence factors of the selective accumulation and transformation were most likely ascribed to the combined effect of several aspects, including the living and feeding habits, trophic level of organisms, and the selective absorption, metabolism and bioisomerization of HBCDs. Recent research results indicate that the accumulation, transformation and biomagnifications behavior of HBCDs diastereomers and their enantiomers in the ecological system is not a single process, but the result of multiple factors of biological and environmental processes. Further studies will focus on the selective environmental behavior of HBCDs diastereomers and enantiomers in the freshwater and terrestrial food chains and the control influence factors of the selective environmental behavior during food chains transfer, which will provide a scientific basis for the assessment of environmental risks.

Based on the application prospects of virtual screening for the discovery of cosmetic efficacy ingredients, the primary methods of virtual screening were reviewed, the development trends of virtual screening in recent years and its application cases in cosmetic efficacy ingredients were overviewed. It was concluded that virtual screening had ligand-based and receptor-based methods. The hybrid method combining diverse virtual screening was becoming increasingly used in bioactive compounds discovery, and it had achieved initial success in the functional ingredients, such as whitening, anti-acne, anti-aging, etc. However, virtual screening was still in the stage of continuous development and improvement, some lead compounds found by virtual screening had low transdermal absorption rate, and the external application characteristics of efficacy ingredients were not considered. In the future, the skin permeability and safety risk assessment of cosmetic efficacy ingredients should be incorporated into the principles of virtual screening, and the virtual screening methods should be selected reasonably, in order to promote the practical application of virtual screening in the development of cosmetics efficacy ingredients [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interventions targeting the psychological status and related symptoms of perioperative patients can accelerate recovery. Five-element music therapy, as a non-pharmacological intervention method, has gained increasing attention in perioperative patient care due to its drug-free nature, lack of side effects, strong feasibility, and significant therapeutic effects. This article provides an overview of the principles of five-element music therapy, as well as intervention strategies and application effects during the perioperative period, aiming to provide references and guidance for further clinical practice. (围手术期患者的心理状态与预后密切相关。作为一种非药物干预方法, 五行音乐疗法应用于围手术期患者的心理护理中有积极作用。本文阐述五行音乐疗法的原理, 综述其在围手术期患者中的应用, 探讨后续的研究方向, 为临床推广五行音乐疗法提供参考依据。)

Based on economic and social indicators and water resources data of Guangdong Province from 2006 to 2018, the Gini coefficient and the equilibrium coefficient of coordinated development are used to research the spatial equilibrium of water resources by constructing a calculation model of water resource load index, matching coefficient of water and soil resources, and water resource benefit index. In 2018, the water resources load index of Guangdong Province was 4. 0 in grade III, which is a medium level of development and utilization. The water resources load gap was very different from city to city with the highest Gini coefficient of 0. 79. It was expressed in areas with large economic aggregates, dense populations, and relatively insufficient water resources, which have a high degree of development and utilization and low potential. The water resources load index shows an increasing trend year by year, with the Gini coefficient between 0. 7 and 0. 8. The matching coefficient of water and soil resources in Guangdong was 8. 3, with the Gini coefficient of 0. 69, indicating the spatial distribution of the matching degree in water and soil resources in each city was quite different. The GDP output value per cubic meter of water was 240 Yuan in RMB, with the Gini coefficient of 0. 47, which was 22 times higher in the cities with the greatest water efficiency than in those with the smallest. The average value of the spatial equilibrium coefficient of water resources in the province was 0. 79 from 2006 to 2018, indicating that the spatial equilibrium level of water resources in Guangdong province was level IV, which was a moderate imbalance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 Intermittent irrigation has become an important water-saving irrigation method to conserve water and improve rice yield in southern China. This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the combined effect of intermittent irrigation and silicon fertilization at different stages on rice growth and yield, to find the optimal timing for silicon fertilization. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in a field with the Jinyuan 85 variety used as the experimental plant. There were six silicon applications: no silicon fertilizer (CK), applying silicon fertilizer at tillering stage (F1), jointing stage (F2), booting stage (F3), heading stage (F4), or blooming and filling period (F5). Growth traits and yield of the rice in each treatment were measured. 【Result】 Silicon fertilizer application combined with intermittent irrigation not only promoted rice growth and development, but also improved its yield and water use efficiency. Compared with CK, silicon fertilization increased leaf area index, dry matter, yield, and irrigation water use efficiency of the rice by 1.15% to 11.36%, 9.17% to 24.24%, 2.05% to 8.63%, and 2.16% to 8.63%, respectively, depending on fertilization timing. The best effect was observed when the silicon fertilizer was applied at the tillering stage. 【Conclusion】 Combining intermittent irrigation with silicon fertilization can promote rice growth and development, thereby improving yield and irrigation water use efficiency of the rice. For the Jinyuan 85 variety studied in this paper, the optimal timing for silicon fertilization is at the tillering stage.

[Objective]In order to provide scientific references for related departments to make grain production decisions, the present study was conducted to investigate characteristics of main meteorological disasters and their effects on grain yield. [ Method ] Based on disaster-affected areas of drought, flood, wind hail and low temperature, and average yields of gain and fourth most important food crops (corn, rice, soybeans, wheat) in Heilongjiang province during 1972-2012, the characteristics of main meteorological disasters and their effects on grain yield were investigated by the method of the grey correlation analysis. [Result]The results showed that, Heilongjiang province suffered flood disaster seriously in the 1980s, so the disaster-affected area ratio of flood was relatively higher, that of drought was relatively lower. The disaster-affected area ratio of drought was relatively higher in the 1970s, 1990s and after 2000. The wind hail and low temperature were centralized relatively in the 1970s, while their disaster-affected area ratios decreased in the 1980s, which began to rebound in the late 1980s. The agro -meteorological disaster degree and total grain yield presented fluctuating change in Heilongjiang province druing 1972-2012, and total grain yield in severe disaster-suffered years was also in decline, the disastrous weather had a direct impact on grain production. Gray correlation analysis indicated that the drought had a far greater impact on average gain yield and rice yield than flood; the flood had a far greater impact on average yield of corn and soybeans than drought; the drought and low temperature had a far greater impact on average wheat yield than wind hail and flood. [Conclusion]Drought and flood were two major agro-meteorological disasters in grain production of Heilongjiang province. According to the characteristic of drought in west and flood in east,the disaster prevention and reduction operations were applied to effectively reduce losse caused by disaster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the effect of epileptic neuron model after transfection of microRNA (miRNA) - 212 on brain - derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tyrosine protein kinase B (TrkB) signaling pathway. Methods The primary rat hippocampal neurons were cultivated in vitro for 7 d and were randomly divided into 8 groups: control group, epilepsy group, control + BDNF group, epilepsy + BDNF group, control + miRNA - 212 group, epilepsy + miRNA - 212 group, control + miRNA - 212 + BDNF group, epilepsy + miRNA-212 + BDNF group. Epilepsy model of hippocampal neurons were established by being exposed to Mg2 + free extracellular fluid for 3 h. And then the neurons were put back into the normal extracellular fluid of magnesium for 2 h and slow virus diluent was dropwise added for transfection, so that miRNA-212 lentiviral vector was structured. Protein was extracted after 48-72 h. BDNF was added into media 10 min before protein was extracted. Immunofluoresence double staining, patch clamp technique and Western blotting were used to observe the effect of miRNA - 212 transfection on BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway. Results After BDNF was injected, compared with the control group and epilepsy group, the phosphorylated TrkB (pTrkB)/TrkB value was significantly higher in control + BDNF group and epilepsy + BDNF group (P = 0.001), suggesting the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway was activated. After transfection of miRNA-212, the pTrkB/TrkB value in epilepsy + miRNA-212 + BDNF group was significantly lower than that in epilepsy + BDNF group (P = 0.001), suggesting the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway was suppressed. Conclusions When hippocampal neurons were transfected miRNA-212, the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway was suppressed, but BDNF could activate the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition characterized by paroxysm of seizures due to abnormal electrical discharge from central nervous system neurons. Several new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) were listed over the past two decades, and they were believed to be equally effective and have better tolerability and side effect profiles. This paper aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjunctive topiramate in refractory partial seizures. Methods Relevant research articles about randomized controlled trials of adjunctive topiramate in refractory partial seizures, with topiramate, Topamax, add - on treatment, adjunctive treatment, add - on therapy, adjunctive therapy, refractory partial seizure, refractory partial epilepsy both in Chinese and English as retrieval words, were retrieved from PubMed (1995-2014), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, 1995-2014), The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR, 1995-2014), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI, 1995-2014) and Wanfang Data (1999-2014). Two reviewers independently evaluated the quality of the included articles and abstracted the data. A Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.0 software. Results According to the enrollment criteria, 13 prospective, randomized controlled clinical trials with a total of 1622 patients were finally selected. The proportions of patients with reduction in seizure frequency ⩾ 50% (OR = 3.710, 95% CI: 2.870-4.810; P = 0.000), ⩾ 75% (OR = 7.220, 95% CI: 3.310-15.750; P = 0.000) and seizure free (OR = 3.380, 95%CI: 1.720-6.640; P = 0.000) in topiramate group were significantly higher than that in control group. The treatment withdrawal ratio was significantly higher compared to placebo in 600 mg/d and 800 mg/d subgroups, but not in 200 mg/d subgroup (200 mg/d: OR = 2.170, 95%CI: 0.470-9.950, P = 0.320; 600 mg/d: OR = 2.090, 95%CI: 1.020-4.270, P = 0.040; 800 mg/d: OR = 8.000, 95%CI: 1.390-46.140, P = 0.020). The common side effects included somnolence, anorexia, ataxia, aprosexia, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, thinking abnormality, paraesthesia and weight loss. The occurrence rate of side effects in topiramate group was higher than that in control group. Conclusions Topiramate is effective when added to existing therapy in patients with refractory partial seizures. The withdrawal rate of 200 mg/d topiramate is similar to control group. Compared with the control group, adverse effects are more common but mild or moderate, mainly related with the central nervous system. However, trials included in this study are of relatively short duration, and provide no evidence for the long- term efficacy of topiramate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial consortium EG03, consisted of several different antagonistic bacteria against Ralstonia solanacearum, was demonstrated to efficiently control bacterial wilt of pepper in field with a biocontrol efficacy of 85. 8%. The traditional dilution plate method, the most probable number (MPN) method and Biolog system were adopted to determine effects of EG03 on characteristics of microbial community in pepper rhizosphere. It?s shown that EG03?s effects on microbial community in pepper rhizospheric soil varied with time. There were an increase in the number of fungus and Bacillus spp. to some extent and a significant increase in that of nitrogen?fixing bacteria. Biolog analysis showed that the curve between average well color development (AWCD) and incubation time was S?shaped for all the treatments and that the AWCD of pepper rhizospheric soil at the early stage was higher than at the late stage. The analysis of carbon source utilization showed that EG03 decreased microbial utilization of carbon source in short?term, and the microbial community of pepper rhizospheric soil at the late stage composed mainly of microbes depended on sugars as carbon resource. EG03 treatment could decrease the five microbial diversity indices of rhizospheric microbes in short term, then increased those indices instead, especially with significant(P<0. 05) increases in Simpson index and McIntosh evenness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the problems of the current household Internet of things intelligent terminals--single processing mode, non-dynamic generation mode and low level humanized service mode, this paper proposed a cloud computing architecture for the household Internet of things. The message management mechanism of the proposed architecture was based on MINA framework and Java message service. And its data storage module was based on HBase, achieving data segmentation. Besides, it applied Map Reduce technology to realize data analysis and data mining. Accordingly, established a complete cloud computing framework for the household internet of things. At last, it tested the performances of data storage, data analysis and data mining of proposed architecture. The results prove its effectiveness and efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the expression of Toll - like receptor 4 (TLR4) protein in hippocampus of rat model with temporal lobe epilepsy after status epilepticus (SE) and explore its function in the pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy. Methods Rat model with temporal lobe epilepsy was induced by lithium chloride (LiCl)-pilocarpine. Total protein was extracted from hippocampus and rat brain slices were obtained at different time points (0, 1, 6, 12, 24, 48 h and 7, 10, 30, 50 d) after SE. Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining were used for detection of the expression of TLR4 in the hippocampus. Results The results of Western blotting showed the TLR4 protein expression at 0, 1, 6, 12, 24, 48 h and 7, 10, 30 d after SE was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05, for all), and the TLR4 protein expression at 50 d after SE showed no significant difference compared with the control group (P = 0.714). There was no significant difference between LiCl group and control group (P = 0.590). The results of immunohistochemistry showed the number of TLR4 positive neuron in CA3 area at 1, 6, 12, 24, 48 h and 7, 10, 30, 50 d after SE was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05, for all), but showed no significant difference at 0 h after SE (P = 0.326). There was no significant difference between LiCl group and model group at 0 h after SE (P = 0.451). The difference in CA1 and CA2 area in different groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion TLR4 protein was mainly expressed in cytoplasm of pyramidal cells in CA3 area of hippocampus. TLR4 protein expression in the hippocampus was increased in varying degrees at different observation time points after SE, indicating that TLR4 may play an important role in the development of epilepsy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The curative effect of edaravone combined with ozagrel sodium on acute ischemic stroke beyond the time window of thrombolysis was investigated. A total of 100 patients with acute ischemic stroke beyond the time window of thrombolysis were admitted in our hospital from December 2010 to December 2012. The patients were divided into combined treatment group (N = 50) and ozagrel sodium monotherapy group (control group, N = 50). After 14 days' treatment, total effective rate of the combined treatment group (92% , 46/50) was significantly higher than that of the control group (66% , 33/50; χ2 = 10.780, P = 0.029). After treatment, the nerve function defect score was significantly improved in comparison with before treatment in both groups, but the improvement in combined treatment group (8.21 ± 3.58) was much better than that in the control group (14.60 ± 4.39; t = 7.976, P = 0.000). Therefore, treatment of edaravone combined with ozagrel sodium for patients with acute ischemic stroke beyond the thrombolytic time window can significantly raise the curative effect and improve the neurological function of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the present situation that needs to develop a code review tool for assembly codes, this paper studies the procedure of manual code reviews and proposes a method to detect defects in assembly codes based on static analysis. After the control flow linearization, compiler patterns are used to solve indirect jumps, and node cloning is used to recover the control flow of the delayed branch. In the construction of inter-procedural control flow graph, the recursive function is in -- lined by means of a call trace with limited depth. The prototyping tool for ADSP SHARC assembly codes is realized finally. Experimental results show that the tool can effectively detect defects in loops, registers, and' memory accessing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamic analysis and design of equipment maintenance logistics organizational structure is a critical challenge in a complex networked environment. The network characteristics of equipment maintenance logistics organization was analyzed by using the complex network theory. A multielement-weighted network model of equipment maintenance logistics organizational structure was addressed, and five characteristic values which depict the maintenance logistics organizational structure were defined. The impact of topology characteristics and dynamic evolution on the equipment maintenance logistics organizational structure was analyzed. Two dynamic evolution models of equipment maintenance logistics organizational structure were proposed based on the multielement-weighted network, which are the random evolution model and the adaptive evolution model. And an algorithm for the analysis of organizational structure dynamics was proposed using the models along with those five characteristic values. Finally, an equipment maintenance logistics organizational structure was provided to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed method. The impact of adaptive evolution model parameters on the organizational structure performance was analyzed. The result shows the proposed method can be used to obtain the best maintenance logistics cooperation effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: With the help of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the purpose of the study was to investigate the corrosion resistance of CoCr alloys, NiCr alloys and commercially pure Ti (cp Ti) in the artificial saliva (AS). METHODS: With the EIS, a test was made on the three alloys/metals in the AS (See Bode plot and Nyqoist plot). And then, an analysis was made on what was known in the test by the software of ZSimpWin, after which the corrosion resistance of the alloys/metals was evaluated against the parameters of equivalent circuit [R (CR)]. RESULTS: In the Nyquist plot, the capacitance arc radius was in the sequence of cp Ti>CoCr>NiCr. From the Bode plot, an one time constant was able to he obtained. That was the capacitor layer. According to the equivalent circuit [R (CR)]. there was no significant difference in the capacitor layer of the three alloys/metals. And the sequence of the impedance value of the three alloys/metals was cp Ti>CoCr>NiCr. CONCLUSIONS: The EIS results suggest that the three alloys/metals have a great corrosion resistance with cp Ti having the highest corrosion resistance and that CoCr alloys is better than NiCr alloys in the corrosion resistance. Supported by Research Fund of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Grant No.08DZ2271 100) and Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Grant No.T0202). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the aesthetic effect of restorations with custom pressable metal ceramic abutments for defective soft and hard tissue in the maxillary anterior zone. Methods Fifty-two patients with missing anterior teeth in the maxillar were selected, who had problems such as exposure of abutment metal, excessively large angle deviation, excessively long ceramic crown and missing gingival papilla, affecting the aesthetic effect of implant denture. Custom pressable metal ceramic abutments were made on the conventional castable metal abutment surface and restored with all-ceramic crowns to overcome the blackness at the implant neck. Results Clinical evaluation for aesthetic effects 3 and 6 months after the restorations were placed. In 63 restorations of 52 patients, the blackness at the implant neck were eliminated and the aesthetic effect were ideal. The gingival was in healthy condition, showing no further gingival retreat or inflammation around the implant denture. Conclusion Custom pressable metal ceramic abutments can effectively improve the aesthetic appearance of the implant denture in maxillary anterior zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

North and East of China have a large structural gap among natural gas customers (in this paper, the selected typical cities are Beijing, Tianjin in North China, and Shanghai, Nanjing, Zhejiang in East China). The comparative analysis of different regions was carried out, including the load duration characteristics, theoretical natural gas storage capacity of seasonal peak shaving, peak shaving costs and other issues. The calculation shows that the north and east regions account for 31% and 4% of annual gas consumption of the theoretical seasonal peak shaving gas storage capacity respectively, seasonal peak shaving cost of natural gas in North China was approximately 7.8 times that of East China. Therefore, it is proposed that developing gas- fired peak shaving power plant and seasonal peak shaving LNG liquefaction plant in North China during the non-heating season, which will improve the level of comprehensive utilization of natural gas and change the load duration characteristics to reduce peaking costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the variation of the corrosion resistance of anodized oxidation film on titanium by electrochemical methods. METHODS:TiO2 nanotube layer was formed on Ti surface by anodization. The morphology was observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the crystal phase was analyzed using X-ray diffraction(XRD) before and after annealing. Polarization curves were examined by electrochemical methods. RESULTS:Titanium oxide nanotubes with 80 nm diameter and 400 nm length was seen on Ti after anodization. The annealing nanotubes was anatase crystalline phase by X-ray diffraction analysis. The self-corrosion potential and break-down potential of smooth Ti were significantly lower than TiO2 nanotubes by anodization (P < 0.05). The self-corrosion current and passived current were significantly higher than TiO2 nanotubes by anodization (P < 0.05). Annealing improved the corrosion resistance of anodized oxidation film on titanium. CONCLUSION:The results of electrochemical examinations indicate that the TiO2 nanotubes by anodization increases the corrosion resistance of titanium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To prepare zinc-loaded polydopamine coating on the surface of pure titaniumand investigate its biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. Methods Pure titanium specimens were successively immersed in a dopamine alkaline solution and a zinc sulfate solution to form a zinc-loaded polydopamine coating on the surface of the specimens. The smooth titanium surface and the polydopamine-coatedtitanium surface were used as the control group, and the zinc-containing polydopamine-coated titanium surface was used as the experimental group. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was used to observe the micro-morphology of the specimen surface, and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) was used to determine the binding of zinc elements on the polydopamine coating. The hydrophilicity of the specimen surface was detected by a contact angle meter. L-929 fibroblasts were cultured in vitro and the biocompatibility of the modified titanium surface was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. An electrochemical potentiostat was used to obtain the open-circuit potential and potentiodynamic polarization curves of specimens of each group in artificial saliva to analyze the effect of zinc-doped polydopamine coating on the corrosion resistance of titanium surface. Results SEM and EDS analyses showed that there were differences in the surface micro-morphology among three groups, and the presence of zinccould be detected on the surface of the specimens in the zinc-doped polydopamine coating group. The hydrophilicity of the specimen surface was enhanced after coating modification.The results of in vitro experiment revealed that the zinc-doped polydopamine coating had good biocompatibility.The open-circuit potential and potentiodynamic polarization curves obtained from electrochemical tests and their fitting data showed that the zinc-doped polydopamine coating group had the strongest corrosion resistance, followed by the polydopamine coating group, and the smooth titanium group had the smallest. Conclusion Zinc-doped polydopamine coatingscanbe successfully prepared on titanium surfaces usingchemical immersion method, and the modified titanium surfacespossess good biocompatibility and corrosion resistance.

Existing object pose estimation methods cannot provide estimated poses with inter-frame stability.As a result,when the results are directly used in visualization scenarios such as augmented reality,it will cause screen jitter,so it's not suitable enough for application scenarios such as human-machine collaboration.This paper proposes an object pose estimation optimization method that includes multiple methods.By improving the loss function of the original pose estimation method and using causal filtering to optimize the pose estimation result,a stable estimated pose can be obtained.In addition,in order to consummate the eva-luation system of the degree of stability of the pose estimation method,this paper proposes three evaluation indicators:the direct deviation distance DBD,the direction reversal rate DRR and the average displacement angle ADA,which can evaluate the object pose estimation method from multiple viewpoints.Finally,the YCB-STB dataset is used to test,and the method is compared with the original method without optimization.The results show that the proposed method can improve the inter-frame stability of the existing object pose estimation methods without introducing additional resources,and has a small impact on the accuracy of the original method,which satisfies the requirement of object attitude estimation in human-machine collaborative scene.

Market economy presented a kind of phenomenon that the opportunities may be lost at any time. Enterprises need to choose the best investigation method in limited time, in order to acquire more information to make credit decisions more accurately. It is of great significance for enterprise in the situation. This article regards the problem of account sale decision-making in incomplete information state as a discrete time, continuous state stochastic process. The article establishes a model of customer credit evaluation on the basis of different information acquisition degrees. The model borrows some ideas from the method of spatial analysis. Then the article references the thought of discriminatory analysis to discriminate the accuracy of the customer credit evaluation in incomplete information state. At last, the article works out the expected profit of account sale by borrowing the thought of risk decision. The whole process is based on taking full account of the effect of different investigation methods on discrimination accuracy of customer credit rating within the limited time. At the end of the article, an example is given to show the practicality of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the effect of epileptic neuron model after transfection of microRNA (miRNA)-212 on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tyrosine protein kinase B (TrkB) signaling pathway. Methods The primary rat hippocampal neurons were cultivated in vitro for 7 d and were randomly divided into 8 groups: control group, epilepsy group, control + BDNF group, epilepsy + BDNF group, control + miRNA-212 group, epilepsy + miRNA-212 group, control + miRNA-212 + BDNF group, epilepsy + miRNA-212 + BDNF group. Epilepsy model of hippocampal neurons were established by being exposed to Mg2+ free extracellular fluid for 3 h. And then the neurons were put back into the normal extracellular fluid of magnesium for 2 h and slow virus diluent was dropwise added for transfection, so that miRNA-212 lentiviral vector was structured. Protein was extracted after 48-72 h. BDNF was added into media 10 min before protein was extracted. Immunofluoresence double staining, patch clamp technique and Western blotting were used to observe the effect of miRNA-212 transfection on BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway. Results After BDNF was injected, compared with the control group and epilepsy group, the phosphorylated TrkB (pTrkB)/TrkB value was significantly higher in control + BDNF group and epilepsy + BDNF group (P = 0.001), suggesting the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway was activated. After transfection of miRNA-212, the pTrkB/TrkB value in epilepsy + miRNA-212 + BDNF group was significantly lower than that in epilepsy + BDNF group (P = 0.001), suggesting the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway was suppressed. Conclusions When hippocampal neurons were transfected miRNA-212, the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway was suppressed, but BDNF could activate the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.11.010

Background Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition characterized by paroxysm of seizures due to abnormal electrical discharge from central nervous system neurons. Several new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) were listed over the past two decades, and they were believed to be equally effective and have better tolerability and side effect profiles. This paper aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjunctive topiramate in refractory partial seizures. Methods Relevant research articles about randomized controlled trials of adjunctive topiramate in refractory partial seizures, with topiramate, Topamax, add-on treatment, adjunctive treatment, add-on therapy, adjunctive therapy, refractory partial seizure, refractory partial epilepsy both in Chinese and English as retrieval words, were retrieved from PubMed (1995-2014), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, 1995-2014), The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR, 1995-2014), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI, 1995-2014) and Wanfang Data (1999-2014). Two reviewers independently evaluated the quality of the included articles and abstracted the data. A Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.0 software. Results According to the enrollment criteria, 13 prospective, randomized controlled clinical trials with a total of 1622 patients were finally selected. The proportions of patients with reduction in seizure frequency ≥ 50% (OR = 3.710, 95% CI: 2.870-4.810; P = 0.000), ≥ 75% (OR = 7.220, 95% CI: 3.310-15.750; P = 0.000) and seizure free (OR = 3.380, 95%CI: 1.720-6.640; P = 0.000) in topiramate group were significantly higher than that in control group. The treatment withdrawal ratio was significantly higher compared to placebo in 600 mg/d and 800 mg/d subgroups, but not in 200 mg/d subgroup (200 mg/d: OR = 2.170, 95%CI: 0.470-9.950, P = 0.320; 600 mg/d: OR = 2.090, 95%CI: 1.020-4.270, P = 0.040; 800 mg/d: OR = 8.000, 95%CI: 1.390-46.140, P = 0.020). The common side effects included somnolence, anorexia, ataxia, aprosexia, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, thinking abnormality, paraesthesia and weight loss. The occurrence rate of side effects in topiramate group was higher than that in control group. Conclusions Topiramate is effective when added to existing therapy in patients with refractory partial seizures. The withdrawal rate of 200 mg/d topiramate is similar to control group. Compared with the control group, adverse effects are more common but mild or moderate, mainly related with the central nervous system. However, trials included in this study are of relatively short duration, and provide no evidence for the long-term efficacy of topiramate. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.11.007

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.05.019

Objective To investigate the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) protein in hippocampus of rat model with temporal lobe epilepsy after status epilepticus (SE) and explore its function in the pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy. Methods Rat model with temporal lobe epilepsy was induced by lithium chloride (LiCl)-pilocarpine. Total protein was extracted from hippocampus and rat brain slices were obtained at different time points (0, 1, 6, 12, 24, 48 h and 7, 10, 30, 50 d) after SE. Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining were used for detection of the expression of TLR4 in the hippocampus. Results The results of Western blotting showed the TLR4 protein expression at 0, 1, 6, 12, 24, 48 h and 7, 10, 30 d after SE was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05, for all), and the TLR4 protein expression at 50 d after SE showed no significant difference compared with the control group (P = 0.714). There was no significant difference between LiCl group and control group (P = 0.590). The results of immunohistochemistry showed the number of TLR4 positive neuron in CA3 area at 1, 6, 12, 24, 48 h and 7, 10, 30, 50 d after SE was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05, for all), but showed no significant difference at 0 h after SE (P = 0.326). There was no significant difference between LiCl group and model group at 0 h after SE (P = 0.451). The difference in CA1 and CA2 area in different groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion TLR4 protein was mainly expressed in cytoplasm ofpyramidal cells in CA3 area of hippocampus. TLR4 protein expression in the hippocampus was increased in varying degrees at different observation time points after SE, indicating that TLR4 may play an important role in the development of epilepsy. doi：10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2013.12.009

The curative effect of edaravone combined with ozagrel sodium on acute ischemic stroke beyond the time window of thrombolysis was investigated. A total of 100 patients with acute ischemic stroke beyond the time window of thrombolysis were admitted in our hospital from December 2010 to December 2012. The patients were divided into combined treatment group (N = 50) and ozagrel sodium monotherapy group (control group, N = 50). After 14 days' treatment, total effective rate of the combined treatment group (92% , 46/50) was significantly higher than that of the control group (66% , 33/50; χ 2 = 10.780, P = 0.029). After treatment, the nerve function defect score was significantly improved in comparison with before treatment in both groups, but the improvement in combined treatment group (8.21 ± 3.58) was much better than that in the control group (14.60 ± 4.39; t = 7.976, P = 0.000). Therefore, treatment of edaravone combined with ozagrel sodium for patients with acute ischemic stroke beyond the thrombolytic time window can significantly raise the curative effect and improve the neurological function of these patients.

Ashi points play a significant role in the clinical localization and qualitative diagnosis of acupuncture, as well as in selecting acupoints along the meridians and applying tonifying or reducing techniques. This paper introduces the theoretical basis and existing technical methods of objectification of ashi point diagnosis and treatment. It proposes that using sensory quantitative testing to determine the temperature and tenderness thresholds of ashi points could help to identify the pathological characteristics of "cold" "heat" "deficiency" or "excess" of ashi points. In addition, the possibility of objectification of ashi point diagnosis-treatment plan is explored from three perspectives, precision of selection of ashi point therapy, objectification of effect evaluation of ashi point analgesia, and differentiation of the studies on ashi point analgesic mechanism, aiming to provide new research ideas for the modernization of traditional Chinese acupuncture.

In this study, the spatial distribution patterns of individuals with different diameter classes of dominant shrub Lonicera fragrantissima var . lancifolia and the intraspecific and interspecific relationships were analyzed in Qinling Huangguan Plot. The results showed that the diameter class structure of L. fragrantissima var . lancifolia showed a pyramid shape, with a wide bottom and a narrow top. The number of small-diameter class individuals was the largest, showing a good state of renewal and a stable growth, which was conducive to community renewal and succession. Based on Ripley's K function, using univariate and bivariate paired correlation functions, under complete spatial randomness model, heterogeneous Poisson model and antecedent condition model, all individual of the species and their diameter-dividing classes were mainly aggregated, and the aggregation degree decreased with the increases of research scale, and gradually tended to random distribution. Affected by habitat heterogeneity, diffusion restriction and negative density dependence, there was a positive correlation among different intraspecific dia-meter classes, and also a certain degree of no correlation, but without negative correlation. The interspecific relationship was complex. All types of association (no, positive and negative) were observed, but negative association and no association were dominated.

To explore the spatial distribution and intraspecific correlation of Quercus aliena var. acutiserrata , a domi-nant tree species in a 25 hm 2 plot of warm temperate deciduous broadleaved forest in Qinling Mountains, the pair-correlation function g ( r ) was used to study the spatial pattern and intraspecific association. The results showed that the diameter class structure of Q . aliena var. acutiserrata was bimodal, with a large proportion of young trees (1 cm≤DBH＜5 cm), indicating an increase population structure with good capability of regeneration. The abundance of middle trees (15 cm≤DBH＜25 cm) was slightly more than that of big trees (25 cm≤DBH＜35 cm) and old trees (DBH≥35 cm), but far less than that of young trees and small trees. The spatial distribution of Q . aliena var. acuteserrata was obviously altitude dependent, which mainly distributed in the middle and high altitude areas. Results of complete spatial randomness (CSR) model analysis showed that young trees, small trees, adult trees, big trees, and old trees were aggregated in the large scale (＜60 m). Heterogeneous Poisson (HP) model was used to eliminate habitat heterogeneity. The results of HP model showed that the individual aggregation degree of each diameter class decreased, indicating that the distribution was affected by habitat heterogeneity. At the small scale (＜40 m), spatial correlation was positively correlated between individuals with small diameter gap, whereas the spatial correlation was negative correlation and no correlation between individuals with large diameter gap. At large scale (>40 m), the spatial correlation was positively correlated between large-diameter individuals, but negatively correlated and unrelated between saplings and other diameter individuals. Our results indicated that biological cha-racteristics of Q . aliena var. acutiserrata and habitat heterogeneity were important drivers for the formation of population spatial pattern.

The growth, biomass, nutrient content and accumulation as well as the vertical distribution of nutrient accumulation in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation across densities of 1800, 3000, 4500 trees·hm -2 were stu-died in order to provide scientific basis for efficient cultivation of C. lanceolata plantation. The total amounts of nutrients accumulated in C. lanceolata plantation with 1800, 3000, 4500 trees·hm -2 were 1311.57, 2531.55 and 2307.33 kg·hm -2 , respectively. There were significant variations among different densities. Under the same density, the order of nutrient content and accumulation in C. lanceolata plantation was total N > total K > total Ca > total Mg > total P. Moreover, the amount of nutrients in trunk and bark decreased with the increases of tree height. The amount of nutrient accumulation in persistent withered branch and leaf were allocated from middle to the upper part of tree, while the opposite was observed for fresh branch and leaf. N accumulation increased with the increases of stand densities, while the other nutrients first increased then decreased. The order of the amount of nutrient accumulation in trunk, bark, root, persistent withered branch, persistent withered leaf and litter among different densities was 4500 > 3000 > 1800 trees·hm -2 , and was 3000 > 1800 > 4500 trees·hm -2 in fresh branch and leaf, and 1800 > 3000 > 4500 trees·hm -2 in understory. Under the densities of 1800 and 4500 trees·hm -2 , the nutrient distribution ratio in bark was the largest, accounting for 21.6% and 19.4%. In 3000 trees·hm -2 , the distribution ratio of fresh leaves reached its maximum, accounting for about 22.9%, and the next was fresh branches, which had a distribution ratio of about 17.8%. 3000 trees·hm -2 was the most appropriate density for nutrient accumulation and distribution in C. lanceolata plantation.

In this study, ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)-based liver metabolomics approach was used to explore the mechanism of &quot;Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus&quot; in improving atherosclerosis(AS) of mice with apolipoprotein E gene knockout(ApoE~(-/-)). AS mouse model was induced by high-fat diet. The pathological and biochemical indexes such as the histopathological changes, body weight, liver weight, blood lipid level and inflammatory factors in the liver of mice were determined. The metabolic profiling of mice liver samples was performed with UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Multiple statistical analysis methods including partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were employed to screen and identify biomarkers. The levels of related enzymes including LCAT, sPLA2, EPT1 and ACER1 were detected. The results showed that &quot;Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus&quot; significantly reduced the areas of aortic plaque and fat vacuoles of liver in AS mice and decreased the accumulation of lipid droplets and liver coefficient. &quot;Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus&quot; also regulated the levels of blood lipid and inflammatory injury in the liver. The metabolites of the control group, the model group and the &quot;Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus&quot; group could be distinguished significantly. Fifteen potential biomarkers related to AS were discovered and preliminarily identified, seven of which could be regulated by &quot;Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus&quot; in a trend of returning to normal. Metabolic pathway analysis screened out two major metabolic pathways. &quot;Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus&quot; obviously regulated the levels of LCAT, sPLA2, EPT1 and ACER1. It was inferred that &quot;Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus&quot; could play a major role in AS treatment by regulating glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism disorders in the liver, with the mechanism probably relating to the intervention of the expression of LCAT, sPLA2, EPT1 and ACER1.

An analytical method by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of the two types of nutrients, viz. gingerol-related compounds and curcuminoids in ginger, including 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol, 6-shogaol, 8-shogaol, 10-shogaol, tetrahydrocurcumin, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin. The 10 target compounds were separated on a ZORBAX RRHD Eclipse Plus C18 column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) using gradient elution with 0.1% (v/v) formic acid aqueous solution and methanol containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid as the mobile phases. Qualitative confirmation and quantitative analysis of the target compounds were performed using an electrospray ionization (ESI) source in the positive ion and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes. The linear correlation coefficients ( r ) of the 10 nutrients were ≥ 0.9995. The limits of quantification were 0.10-7.71 μg/L. The average spiked recoveries of the samples at the three levels were 82.8%-115.3%, the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 0.58%-11.49%. The results showed that all the 10 nutrients in ginger were detected, and the content of 6-gingerol was the highest at 373.35-702.48 mg/kg. This method is convenient, rapid, accurate and reliable, and is suitable for the analysis of gingerol-related and curcuminoids in ginger. It provides a technical means for the quality identification and control of ginger.

To construct CRISPR/Cas9 vectors for the editing of SmPAL1 in the phenylpropane metabolic pathway of Salvia miltiorrhiza, CIRSPR/Cas9 target sites of SmPAL1 were designed by online software. Its target efficiencies were detected in vitro by enzyme digestion and sequences with highly efficiency were constructed into CRISPR/Cas9 vectors. Three possible CRISPR target sequences (SmPAL1-g1, SmPAL1-g2, SmPAL1-g3) were designed and the enzyme digestion efficiencies were 53.3%, 76.6% and 10.0%. SmPAL1-g1 and SmPAL1-g2 were constructed into vector VK005-03 named as VK005-03-g1 and VK005-03-g2. The results of sequencing showed that the two CRISPR/Cas target sequences were all constructed into VK005-03. Here we first laid the foundation for the study of SmPAL1 and provided an effective strategy for the screening of sgRNA., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

The aim of this study was to investigate the stereoselective effects of a popular pharmaceutical and personal care product component ibuprofen (IBU) on adult zebrafish using sphingolipidomics. Sphingolipidomics is an effective method developed to determine sphingolipids present in biological samples using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry. Using this method, 46 sphingolipids in adult zebrafish brain samples were quantified after rac -/ R -(-)-/ S -(+)-IBU exposure, and the biomarkers were selected using chemometric approaches, including principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis. Besides, combined with the results of the Duncan post hoc test and Dunnett post hoc comparison, sphingolipidomic perturbations were found to be induced after exposure to ibuprofen at environmental concentrations, and enantiomers of ibuprofen had stereoselective effects on zebrafish. This study may provide a new insight on the influence of ibuprofen on aquatic organisms.

Under the background of climate change, revealing the change trend and spatial diffe-rence of maize climate productivity in-depth and understanding the regularity of maize climatic resources utilization can provide scientific basis for the macro-decision of agricultural production in Heilongjiang Province. Based on the 1981-2014 meteorological data of 72 weather stations and the corresponding maize yield data in Heilongjiang Province, by the methods of step by step revisal, spatial interpolation and linear trend analysis, this paper studied the photosynthetic productivity (PP), light-temperature productivity (LTP), and climatic productivity (CP) of spring maize, and their temporal and spatial variation characteristics, main influencing factors and light energy utilization efficiency, and evaluated the maize climate productivities under different climate scenarios in the future. The results showed that during the study period, the mean PP, LTP and CP in Heilongjiang Province were 26558, 19953, 18742 kg·hm -2 , respectively. Maize PP, LTP and CP were high in plains and low in mountains, and gradually decreased from southwest to northeast. PP, LTP and CP presented significantly increasing trends, and the increase rates were 378, 723 and 560 kg·hm -2 ·(10 a) -1 , respectively. The increase of radiation and temperature had positive effect on maize production in Heilongjiang Province. The potential productivity of maize presented significant response to climate change. The decrease of solar radiation led to the decline of PP in western Songnen Plain, but the increased temperature compensated the negative effect of solar radiation, so the downward trend of LTP was slowed. The response to climate warming was particularly evident in North and East, and LTP was significantly increased, which was sensitive to the change of precipitation in southwest of Songnen Plain and part of Sanjiang Plain. The average ratio of maize actual yield to its climate productivity was only 24.1%, there was still 75.9% to be developed. In the future, the warm and wet climate would benefit the improvement of maize climate productivity, while the cold and dry climate would make an adverse impact.

Objective: To investigate the effect of excreted/secreted antigens (ESAs) from Toxoplasma gondii RH strain and TgCtwh3 strain on apoptosis of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) secretion., Methods: ESAs of Toxoplasma gondii RH strain and TgCtwh3 strain were prepared. Splenic mononuclear cells were isolated from C57BL/6 mice and randomly divided into RH ESA group（2×106 cells/well with addition of 10 μg/ml RH ESA）, TgCtwh3 ESA group （2×106 cells/well with addition of 10 μg/ml TgCtwh3 ESA） and control group（2×106 cells/well with addition of 10 μg/ml ovalbumin）. Flow cytometry was performed to examine the early apoptosis of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells after treatment for 48 h and 72 h. ELISA was conducted to determine the level of IFN-γ in the supernatant after treatment for 72 h. In another experiment, the 3 groups of splenic mononuclear cells were added with 10 μg/ml anti-IFN-γ antibody for 72 h and flow cytometry was performed to examine the early apoptosis of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, splenic mononuclear cells from IFN-γ knockout and wild-type C57BL/6 mice were also divided into the above-described 3 groups, and flow cytometry was performed to examine the early apoptosis of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells after treatment for 72 h., Results: The concentrations of RH ESA and TgCtwh3 ESA were 0.54 mg/ml and 2.14 mg/ml, respectively. Flow cytometry showed that the early apoptosis rate of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in the RH ESA group and the TgCtwh3 ESA group after 48 h treatment was （12.90±1.26）% and （9.71±1.04）%, respectively （P＜0.05）, both significantly higher than that in control group （4.48±0.48）% （P<0.01） . The early apoptosis rate of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells after 72 h in the RH ESA group was（15.21±1.11）%, significantly higher than that in the TgCtwh3 ESA group[（11.02±0.92）%] （P<0.05） and the control group[（10.10±1.49）%]（P<0.01）. ELISA showed that the level of interferon-γ in the RH ESA group and the TgCtwh3 ESA group after 72 h was（4 764.0±118.7） pg/ml and （3 629.0±33.6） pg/ml, respectively （P＜0.01）, both significantly higher than that in the control［（679.4±30.6） pg/ml］（P<0.01）. Flow cytometry revealed lower early apoptosis rate of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in the RH ESA group added with anti-IFN-γ antibody［（10.44±1.44）%］ compared with that without the addition of the antibody［（14.96±0.83）］（P<0.05）. But this difference was not observed for the TgCtwh3 ESA group. Moreover, the RH ESA-induced apoptosis rate of regulatory T cells from IFN-γ knockout mice［（10.64±0.55）%］ was significantly lower than that from the wild-type mice ［（15.21±1.11）%］（P<0.01）. But this difference was not found for the TgCtwh3 ESA treatment., Conclusion: T. gondii RH ESA induces apoptosis of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and IFN-γ secretion, and these effects are stronger than those of TgCtwh3 ESA. The T. gondii ESA-induced IFN-γ stimulates generation of anti-Toxoplasma immunity during acute Toxoplasma infection through mediation of regulatory T cell apoptosis.

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of head injuries through data gathered from the Jiangsu Injury Surveillance System., Methods: Data on head injury that occurred during 2006-2014 were collected from the Jiangsu injury surveillance system and analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software., Results: From 2006 to 2014, data on 133 172 cases of head injuries were collected which accounting for 26.2% (133 172/509 175) of all the injury cases. Among them, males were 2.18 times higher than the females. The top five leading causes of head injuries were falls 24.6% (32 796/133 172), blunt force injuries 24.4% (32 446/133 172), motor car accident injuries 20.3% (26 993/133 172), knife or sharp force injuries 10.7% (14 183/133 172) and non-motor car accident injuries 6.7% (8 919/133 172). Main locations that head injuries occured would involve roads/streets 32.5% (43 262/133 172), working places 22.2% (29 526/133 172), at home 20.5% (27 925/133 172) and public residences 10.8% (14 367/133 172). Recreation activates 37.9% (50 479/133 172), driving 26.1% (34 749/133 172), paid jobs 24.8% (33 034/133 172) were the three major activities related to head injuries. Severity of injuries would depend on the situations on site. As for minor injuries, bruise accounted for 63.5% (67 929/106 912). Brain trauma 21.5% (5 119/23 803) and fracture 14.9% (3 554/23 803) appeared an increasing trend. Severe injuries would include brain trauma 74.6% (1 833/2 457). 78.8% (104 940/133 172) of the patients with head injuries would go home after receiving treatment the hospital, with fetality only as 0.1% (134/133 172)., Conclusion: Data from the Jiangsu surveillance program showed that Head injury appeared the highest proportion among all the body injuries that called for special attention.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of one-piece implant-supported detachable telescopic fixed bridge in edentulous patients., Methods: Seventeen patients were treated with one-piece implant-supported detachable telescopic fixed bridge. A total of 18 prostheses were fabricated with 8 in the upper jaws and 10 in the lower jaws.Fixed bridges retained by telescopic crowns were used as final prostheses, with milling titanium or all-ceramic abutments as primary crowns, gold-electroforming crowns as secondary crowns. Surveys about clinical and radiographic examination, satisfaction and prosthetic complications were conducted after 3 months,1 year, 2 years, 3 years after final rehabilitation. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 software package., Results: Radiography showed stable bone levels for all implants except 2 implants, which were observed slight marginal bone resorption. The results of one-way ANOVA showed that no significant difference in modified plaque index or modified sulcus blooding index was found during the follow-up period (P>0.05). The probing attachment level deteriorated by 1.5 mm during the first 3 years (P<0.05). Eighteen restoration provided sufficient fixation and stability. Two porcelain fractures occured but had no influence on restoration. The patients were highly satisfied with the outcomes. The frequency of prosthetic maintenance per patient per year was 0.11., Conclusions: One-piece implant-supported detachable telescopic fixed bridge is an effective method with satisfactory long-term aesthetic and stable outcomes in edentulous patients.

The proteomic techniques have been widely used in Toxoplasma gondii research since the past decade, providing proteomic data that facilitate understanding of T. gondii activities. Currently, the global proteomic studies of T. gondii are mainly confined to the tachyzoite and the oocyst stages. The subproteomic research involves some important antigens, such as the soluble tachyzoite antigen, glycoproteins, and immunoproteins, etc. The differential proteomics of T. gondii is mainly focused on identifying differentially-expressed proteins in different T. gondii strains. This review summarizes the current status of proteomic research on T. gondii, with specific focuses on global proteomic, subproteomic, and differential proteomic findings. In addition, this review gives an overview on web-based resources that provide proteomic data and support for studies on T. gondii, and finally discusses future prospects of T. gondii proteomics applications.

Bacterial consortium EG03, consisted of several different antagonistic bacteria against Ralstonia solanacearum, was demonstrated to efficiently control bacterial wilt of pepper in field with a biocontrol efficacy of 85.8%. The traditional dilution plate method, the most probable number (MPN) method and Biolog system were adopted to determine effects of EG03 on characteristics of microbial community in pepper rhizosphere. It's shown that EGO3's effects on microbial community in pepper rhizospheric soil varied with time. There were an increase in the number of fungus and Bacillus spp. to some extent and a significant increase in that of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Biolog analysis showed that the curve between average well color development (AWCD) and incubation time was S-shaped for all the treatments and that the AWCD of pepper rhizospheric soil at the early stage was higher than at the late stage. The analysis of carbon source utilization showed that EG03 decreased microbial utilization of carbon source in short-term, and the microbial community of pepper rhizospheric soil at the late stage composed mainly of microbes depended on sugars as carbon resource. EG03 treatment could decrease the five microbial diversity indices of rhizospheric microbes in short term, then increased those indices instead, especially with significant (P < 0.05) increases in Simpson index and McIntosh evenness.