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Copyright of Nuclear Safety is the property of Nuclear & Radiation Safety Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nuclear Safety is the property of Nuclear & Radiation Safety Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Drainage & Irrigation Machinery Engineering / Paiguan Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao is the property of Editorial Department of Drainage & Irrigation Machinery Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The thermal radiation of gaseous combustion products in an aero-engine combustion chamber has obvious non-ash-body characteristics. In this paper, based on the OpenFOAM platform, a numerical study on multi-field coupled turbulence-combustion-radiation radiative heat transfer was carried out for a certain type of aero-engine combustion chamber using the mean weighted sum of grey gas (WSGG) gas radiation model, which can accurately describe the non-ash characteristics of the gas. The results show that the radiation heat transfer characteristics are influenced by several factors such as equivalent ratio, combustion pressure and wall emissivity, among which the equivalent ratio is dominant. Increasing the equivalence ratio from 0.11 to 0.4 resulted in a 189% increase in average incident radiation at the combustion chamber wall and a 233% increase in average incident radiation at the exit. Increasing the equivalent ratio, combustion pressure or wall emissivity will increase the average radiation intensity in the combustion chamber and the inhomogeneity of radiation distribution at the exit of the combustion chamber. The radial radiation distribution factor (RRDF) also increases with the increase of equivalent ratio, combustion pressure and wall emissivity.

Fingerprints are an important trace material evidence for police to identify criminal. Cadmium sulfide quantum dots (CdS QDs) are fluorescent-labeled nanomaterials that can be used to improve the clarity and resolution of fingerprints. In this study, thioglycollic acid (TGA) was successfully modified to CdS QDs using the in-situ radiation reduction method, and synthetic TGA-CdS QDs were combined with polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) to form a TGA-CdS QDs/PVAc gel fingerprint film for fingerprint development. The structure and properties of the TGA-CdS QDs were characterized and tested using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, fluorescence spectrum, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of temperature, concentration of TGA-CdS QDs, pH, and mass fraction of the PVAc gel fingerprint film on fingerprint development were investigated. The results showed that a combination of 6 mg/mL TGA-CdS QDs solution with 20% PVAc gel fingerprint film at room temperature (25 ℃) and pH of 9.0 resulted in the clearest, most complete, and high-resolution fingerprint patterns of fluorescence display. The carboxylic acid group formed by TGA-CdS QDs in an alkaline solution completely combined with the amino acids, proteins, fats, urea, and other components of the fingerprint residue attached to the PVAc gel film. Under ultraviolet irradiation, the fingerprint lines were clearly displayed in the form of fluorescence. The fingerprint display method can be effectively used in criminal investigation.

Copyright of Nuclear Safety is the property of Nuclear & Radiation Safety Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nuclear Safety is the property of Nuclear & Radiation Safety Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ceramics / Taoci Xuebao is the property of Journal of Ceramics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) holds significant importance as a staple food crop, and its continual improvement plays a crucial role in sustainable advancement of agriculture and food security in China. Radiation mutagenesis technology offers an effective approach for breeding high-yield, superior-quality, and stress-resistant rice varieties, thereby contributing positively to the independent innovation of China's seed industry. This study provides a comprehensive review on the progress and notable achievements made in the field of radiation-induced mutation breeding of rice in China over the past two decades. It encompasses various aspects, including the application of various types of radiation sources for radiation mutagenesis in rice, establishment of reliable screening methods, progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying radiation-induced mutation, particularly through genomic variation studies. Additionally, the study highlights the development of a rice mutant bank comprising diverse phenotypes such as yield, resistance, and quality, along with the identification of related gene mutations. Furthermore, it discusses the creation of new varieties through radiation mutagenesis. Looking ahead, this technology will further contribute to the cultivation of higher yielding rice varieties adaptable to different environments and possess superior quality, while also creating new germplasms for gene function research in China.

Objective To explore the effect and underlying mechanism of long-term intake of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), a food additive, on radiation tolerance in mice. Methods Dietary intervention was performed on the mice by adding different concentrations of CMC-Na to drinking water at a dose of 0, 0.25% and 1%, respectively (Control and low-and high-dose groups) for 8 weeks, and then the mice were given a lethal radiation of 7 Gy 60Co gamma rays to establish a radiation damage model. Before and after the radiation intervention, the body weight was measured weekly in every mice, and death was observed and recorded in each group. After an 8-week intervention, the blood biochemical indicators of mice were assessed. ELISA, Qrt-Pcr, and Western blotting techniques to investigate changes in intestinal-related cytokines and proteins. What's more, HE staining, immunofluorescence assay and immunohistochemical staining were used to observe the changes of intestinal tissue morphology for pathological scores. Flow cytometry was employed to detect the proportion of intestinal stem cells. Results Flow cytometry showed that the proportion of intestinal stem cells was decreased in both dietary intervention groups when compared with the control group (P < 0.05), and the decrease was positively correlated with the dose of CMC-Na in drinking water and persisted after radiation damage. Higher death rate (P < 0.05) and obvious weight loss (P < 0.000 1) were observed in the high-dose intervention group, and impaired intestinal barrier function and a decrease in the content of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 were found in further research. Meanwhile, the expression levels of inflammatory factors such as TLR4, NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1β were higher in the high-dose intervention group (P < 0.05), and the contents were further increased after radiation damage. The expression of certain inflammatory factors (NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-1β) in the low-dose group exhibited a statistically significant increase compared to the control group (P < 0.05), yet remained lower than that observed in the high-dose group. Conclusion Long-term consumption of foods containing CMC-Na reduces the proportion of colonic stem cells in the intestinal tract, aggravates the radiation damage to the intestine, and reduces the radiation tolerance of mice.

At present, the traditional passive filter in on-board charger(OBC) has poor low-frequency performance, an active feedback loop was added to the traditional on-board charger passive filter, a design method of on-board charger electromagnetic interference(EMI)hybrid filter based on current sensing and current injection (CSCI)was proposed, and the structure, analysis and feedback loop design process of on-board charger hybrid filter were given. The experimental results show that compared with the existing on-board charger passive filter scheme, the new EMI filter scheme proposed has greatly improved the results of conduction test and radiation test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Introduction] To achieve "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" goals, the total installed capacity of wind and photovoltaic power generation in China will have to be increased by more than twice the current level by 2030. The international community has reached a consensus on developing solar energy resources and other kinds of renewable and clean energy vigorously. In this article, taking Fang County in Hubei Province as an example, a refined evaluation of solar energy resources is conducted and the technical exploitable capacity is calculated by combining reanalysis data and terrain data to provide data support for the appropriate development and utilization of solar energy resources. [Method] The reanalysis data of nearby ERA5 were corrected and a radiation grid product with an accuracy of 0.1°×0.1° was produced based on the radiation observation data obtained from 2012 to 2020 in one radiation observation station (Station A) located in the county. A geographic information-based radiation model was established by using GIS technology and considering factors such as slope, aspect, altitude, and their impact on radiation. Based on Landsat TM/ETM/OLI remote sensing image data and incorporating land use type data, the limitations of photovoltaic development and the availability of different land types were discussed. [Result] The built model can satisfactorily reflect the actual radiation situation. The model simulation results are compared with the actual observation data in two other radiation observation stations (Station B and C) in the region and the results are that, considering the overall situation throughout the year, the annual average relative errors of Station B and Sstation C is 5.7% and 3.4%, respectively, and from the perspective of the monthly radiation, the relative error of Station B is between 2% (January) and 14.1% (August), and that of Station C is between 0.1% (February) and 15.4% (June). [Conclusion] Based on the simulation results, it is clear how solar energy resources are distributed in Fangxian County. Spatially, there are more resources in the windy region of the central valley and fewer resources in the high-altitude mountainous areas in the south and north, with an annual total radiation of 4.00~4.13 GJ/m2. It is calculated that the exploitable area for photovoltaic power generation in Fangxian County is 60.7 km2, and the technological development capacity is 4.501 GW.

Objective To identify genes that confer radiation sensitivity in breast cancer cells using transcriptome sequencing technology, and investigate effects of their expression on radiation sensitivity of breast cancer cells. Methods Differential expression analysis was performed using transcriptome sequencing to compare post-radiation breast cancer cells with normal breast cancer cells. Genes associated with DNA damage and repair pathways were selected and analyzed from the differentially expressed genes. The TCGA-BRCA database was used to analyze the expression of RRM2B in breast cancer tissues and its correlation with prognosis. Stable knockdown of RRM2B was achieved in ZR-75-1 and MCF-7 cells, and the expression of RRM2B was confirmed by Western blotting and RT-qPCR. The effect of RRM2B knockdown on the expression of γ-H2AX, a marker protein for DNA damage in radiation cells, was assessed using Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay. The effects of RRM2B knockdown on cell proliferation and apoptosis in radiation cells were evaluated through colony formation, CCK-8 assays, Hoechst/PI staining and flow cytometry. Results Radiation exposure upregulated the expression of the RRM2B in cultured breast cancer cells. Analysis of the TCGA-BRCA database revealed a negative correlation between RRM2B expression and overall survival of breast cancer patients (P < 0.05). Following knockdown of RRM2B, the expression of γ-H2AX in radiation-induced breast cancer cells was significantly increased (P < 0.05), while cell proliferation capacity was decreased significantly (P < 0.05), and cell apoptosis was markedly increased (P < 0.05). Conclusion The DNA repair factor RRM2B is upregulated in response to radiation. Downregulation of RRM2B expression enhances the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to radiation by increasing radiation-induced DNA damage, inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis.

Radiation-induced liver disease (RILD), also known as radiation hepatitis, is subacute liver injury induced by radiation. As the focus of senescence-related studies, the deacetylase family Sirtuins (SIRTs) have the molecular functions including DNA repair and chromatin regulation, which makes SIRTs a hub for regulating genome and epigenome stability. Radiation-induced hepatic DNA damage and reaction is the primary physiological and pathological process of RILD, which is similar to the function of SIRTs. This article briefly introduces the structure and function of the SIRTs protein family, elaborates on the basic concepts and progress of the physical physiology of radiation therapy, discusses the internal relationship between SIRTs and RILD from the perspective of radiobiology, and points out the possibility of SIRTs as a target for the prevention and treatment of RILD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to identify the influence of climatic conditions of different rice-growing seasons on cooking quality of the rice noodles, a field experiment was conducted in Liuyang, Hunan Province from 2020 to 2022. Five noodle rice cultivars (Guanglu'ai 4, Zhongjiazao 17, Xiangzaoxian 24, Zhongzao 39, and Zhuliangyou 729), were grown in the early and late seasons to compare the cooking quality of rice noodles and the grain quality of noodle rice. The results showed that the mean temperature and solar radiation at grain-filling stage were 18.7% and 12.7% lower in the late season than in the early season, respectively. The cooking loss rate of rice noodles was reduced by 7.4% in the late season compared to the early season. There were not significant differences in cooked break rate and water absorption rate between early and late seasons. The peak viscosity, through viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, consistency viscosity, and pasting temperature were lower by 25.8%, 22.9%, 34.3%, 19.7%, 14.2%, and 2.0%, whereas the setback viscosity and peaking time were higher by 11.8% and 2.3% in the late season compared to the early season, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the mean temperature at grain-filling stage was positively correlated with peak viscosity, through viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, consistency viscosity, and pasting temperature, and negatively correlated with setback viscosity. The mean radiation at grain-filling stage was positively correlated with peak viscosity, through viscosity, final viscosity, and negatively correlated with setback viscosity. The cooking loss rate of rice noodles was positively correlated with the final viscosity, pasting temperature, and peaking time. Therefore, the cooking quality of rice noodles can be improved by growing noodle rice in the late season. The final viscosity and pasting temperature in the paste properties of noodle rice were the critical factors affecting the cooking loss rate of rice noodles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In large-scale vertical shear, a new type of stably propagating baroclinic vortex was embedded, to radiate Rossby waves without attenuation. Numerical simulations were carried out based on the 2-layer model in the beta-effect plane, by means of the variation of the dispersion relation between the zonal quadratic shear flow and the stable radiation of the baroclinic fluid. The effect of the zonal quadratic shear flow on the baroclinic potential vortex instability of steady radiation, was derived. At the same time, the Rossby waves generated by the vortices cause the propagation of the meridional vortices and other coherent heat flows. For the westward flow of the subtropical ocean, with the latitude change, the approximate solution of the trigonometric function gives the numerical solution of the relevant Bessel function. The results show that, the quadratic shear flow reduces the PV gradient in the upper layer and continues to extend the life of the vortex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Systems Engineering & Electronics is the property of Journal of Systems Engineering & Electronics Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Southern Energy Construction is the property of Southern Energy Construction Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the patent measurement and spatial relationship of 26 860 technology transfer patents among different cities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from 1994 to 2019, this paper studies the temporal and spatial evolution law of technological innovation flow in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. The research conclusions are as follows: (1) Technological innovation flow in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area between different regions is characterized by dispersion, homogeneity, dual core driving and multi center interaction, and develops unbalancedly between different regions. It has obvious characteristics of geographical proximity and economic proximity. (2) Technological innovation flow in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area between different regions has obvious path locking effect, and its evolution process has the characteristics of path creation. The path dependence of technological innovation flow radiation is more obvious. The spatial sensitivity of agglomeration network is stronger. (3) The network among individuals has the characteristics of "Small World" in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, there is an impedance effect of technology flow within the group. The spillover effect of enterprise technological innovation is not significant enough. (4) In the process of technological innovation flow in study area among individuals, the enterprise is the leading force of network evolution, technology intermediaries and individuals play an important role, while the role of universities and scientific re‐ search institutions needs to be strengthened in radiation network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants is the property of Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the protective effect of Solanum tuberosum anthocyanin (STA) on radiation-induced hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell senescence. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, model, STA treatment and STA prevention, and the cell senescence model was constructed by X-ray irradiation. The hemogram of mice in each group were examined using a hematology analyzer after drug administration. Stem cell antigen 1 positive hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (Sca-1+HSC/HPCs) were isolated and purified from each group by immunomagnetic cell sorting and were stained using a senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) kit to calculate the proportion of SA-β-Gal positive cells. The number of mixed lineage colony forming unit (CFU-Mix) was used to evaluate the colony-forming capacity and differentiation potential of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expression of p53 and p21Waf1/Cip1 were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot. Results: The numbers of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets in the peripheral blood were significantly lower in the model group than in the control group (P < 0.01). In addition, compared with the control group, the proportion of SA-β-Gal positive cells significantly increased (P < 0.01), the number of CFU-Mix significantly fell (P < 0.01), the proportion of G0/G1 phase cells significantly increased, the proportions of G2/M and S phase cells significantly dropped (P < 0.01), and the relative mRNA and protein expression levels of p53 and p21Waf1/Cip1 significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.01). STA could significantly restore the above parameters of mice in the model group irrespective of whether it was administered before or after X-ray radiation, with more pronounced effect being observed in the former case. Conclusion: STA can protect hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells against radiation by regulating the p53-p21Waf1/Cip1 pathway.

To improve the compatibility of natural rubber (NR) and ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) and enhance the resistance of NR/EPDM blends to hot air aging, radiation-vulcanized NR/EPDM blends were prepared by γ-ray radiation. The effects of blend ratio and radiation vulcanization on the mechanical properties of the blends were investigated by using a uniaxial tensile test. With increasing EPDM content, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the hot-vulcanized sample first decreased and then increased due to the poor compatibility between NR and EPDM. In addition, the mechanical properties of the radiation-vulcanized sample degraded with increasing blend ratio of EPDM. The irradiation treatment improved the initial mechanical properties of the NR/EPDM rubber, and radiation crosslinking enhanced the coupling structure between the NR and EPDM polymer. Following aging treatment in hot air, the mechanical properties of the radiation-vulcanized sample were found to be less degraded than those of the hot-vulcanized one. This proved that the introduction of radiation technology via thermal crosslinking improved the elongation retention rate of the radiative crosslinked sample after thermal aging. In particular, the change rate of elongation at break of the radiation sample was reduced by ~50% when the blend ratio of the NR was greater than that of EPDM. The results showed that the NR/EPDM blends prepared by radiation vulcanization had greater resistance to hot air aging than those prepared by hot vulcanization.

Many lakes are widely and densely distributed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Due to the high altitude， the lakes seasonally freeze with a long ice-covered period.Lake ice can significantly affect the local and regional climate and the sub-glacial aquatic ecosystem by changing the transfer process of radiation energy on and in the lakes.However， their characteristics during the ice-covered period still remain unclear.Therefore， from February 6 to 28， 2022， we conducted a systematic observation of water ice air in Qinghai Lake， the largest lake on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Using field observation data， video images and the precipitation data of peripheral observation stations， the influence of different ice cover conditions on the radiation and temperature of the water-ice-atmosphere on Qinghai Lake during the ice-covered period was analyzed.Results showed that different weather processes such as snowfall， sand and gale could remarkably change the property of cover on the ice， leading to variations of ice thickness on Qinghai Lake.Furthermore， the discrepancies of solar radiation absorption and reflection of different covers result in energy equilibrium that directly dictate ice surface temperature at water-ice-atmosphere interface.Bare ice with low albedo and low absorption induced the relatively strong net solar radiation and the correspondingly large diurnal variations of ice temperature.Compared to bare ice， the high reflection of snow cover and the strong absorption of sand and dust make the ability of net short-wave radiation to penetrate ice weaker， and the diurnal variation of lake ice temperature is smaller.

: Sensible heat flux is one of the most important parameters to represent the surface turbulent motion. Accurate and quantitative observation can greatly contribute to the patterns of water and heat balance within the region. It is also of great significance to climate observation, agricultural production, and water resources management. Eddy covariance (EC) and large aperture scintillometer (LAS) are the primary measurement techniques for the surface water and heat fluxes in the ecosystems at present. However, there are great differences in the spatial scales of the observation between the two techniques. Taking the Hulunbuir meadow steppe ecosystem as the research object, this study aims to clarify the variation characteristics of sensible heat flux observed by LAS and EC techniques. The contributing factors were also identified to determine the difference between sensible heat flux. A systematic analysis was finally made to quantitatively explore the influence of various factors on the difference between the two techniques. The results indicated that there was all the same trend of sensible heat flux observed by LAS and EC, which was predominantly driven by net radiation. There was also a positive correlation between the difference and net radiation at various temporal scales. The slope of 1.13 was found in the linear regression equation between the sensible heat flux observed by LAS and EC, indicating the better correlation (the goodness of fit was 0.81). The root mean square difference (RMSD) was 26.0 W/m², while the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was 26.9%. The difference fell within the range of −50 to 50 W/m² in the majority of cases, accounting for 94.2 % of all samples. The results showed that the LAS shared excellent applicability in the meadow steppe region. The energy balance closure of the EC system then posed some influence on the difference between sensible heat flux observed by LAS and EC. The difference between LAS and EC was reduced after the removal of the data with an energy balance ratio (EBR) less than 0.8. Therefore, the difference between LAS and EC tended to be smaller in the higher energy balance closure. The primary meteorological environmental factors were determined as the net radiation, wind speed (WS), Bowen ratio (Bowen), and saturated water vapor pressure difference (VPD), indicating the significant correlations with the difference between LAS and EC. The explanatory power of individual factors was ranked in the descending order of the net radiation, wind speed, EC energy balance closure ratio, saturated water vapor pressure difference, and Bowen ratio. Both net radiation and WS shared the greatest influence on the difference between LAS and EC, with an explanatory power of over 50%. There was a two-factor enhancement between any two distinct influencing factors, particularly with the interactive factors of net radiation/wind speed and wind speed/Bowen ratio, indicating the high explanatory power of over 70%. A more accurate understanding was gained for the observation of sensible heat flux at the spatial scale by LAS and EC. The findings can also provide a strong reference for the quality control of flux data during regional-scale extension and ground validation using remote sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The surface states of scintillator will affect its scintillation performance such as fluorescence emission intensity and spatial resolution, and then affect the test results of radiation detection system. By means of theoretical simulation and experimental research, this paper systematically explored the spatial distribution of fluorescence intensity of LYSO : Ce scintillator under four surface states ( two sides polished, exit side polished only, inlet side polished only and two sides unpolished) when excited by radiation, and the influence of scintillator thickness on its spatial resolution. The results show that the relative fluorescence intensity of the four states at 0° normal direction is 0. 49:0. 64:0. 89:1, and the fluorescence intensity gradually decreases with the emission angle increase. As the surface polished degree decreases, the spatial distribution of fluorescence emitted from scintillators becomes uniformly. When the thicknesses of the scintillator are 0. 3, 1. 0 and 5. 0 mm, the spatial resolutions of two sides polished are 1. 70, 1. 36 and 1. 12 lp / mm, respectively. The spatial resolutions of exit side polished are 1. 5, 1. 2 and 1. 0 lp / mm, respectively. The spatial resolution decreases with the scintillator thickness increases, and the spatial resolution of two sides polished is improved by about 12% compared to exit side polished only. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The improved Siemens method is the main method for polycrystalline silicon production, and the polycrystalline silicon reduction furnace is the main equipment for polycrystalline silicon preparation. Aiming at the problem of irregular size of polycrystalline silicon produced by the uneven flow field, temperature field, and radiation field of traditional polycrystalline silicon reduction furnaces. This article optimizes the design of the furnace top sealing head structure, air outlet layout, and silicon rod chassis layout of the reduction furnace. Using the Do radiation module of Fluent software, a gas-solid radiation simulation analysis was conducted on a polycrystalline silicon reduction furnace. The cloud and streamline diagrams of the flow field, temperature field, and radiation field before and after optimization were compared. The results show that the exhaust design of the up-outlet effectively improve the gas flow velocity in the furnace, reduce gas reflux, increase gas flow uniformity, effectively solve the temperature dead zone generated at the top of the furnace, and balance the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the furnace; the elliptical top head optimizes the overall space of the reduction furnace, reduces design costs, effectively inhibits the generation of gas vortices in the circular head, and increases the uniformity of gas flow in the furnace; at the same time, a parallel circular symmetric silicon rod is used to increase the overall radiation amount, optimizing the uneven radiation phenomenon between the outer ring silicon rod and the central silicon rod in traditional reduction furnaces, effectively preventing the generation of irregular silicon rods, improving the production of polycrystalline silicon, and providing a new solution for the design of polycrystalline silicon reduction furnaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rolling Stock (1002-7602) is the property of Rolling Stock Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Test & Measurement Technology is the property of Publishing Center of North University of China and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni / Zhongshan Daxue Xuebao is the property of Sun-Yat-Sen University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Taking two‑dimensional (2D) exhaust system of turbofan engine as an example, the multiobjective contour optimization design of thrust and infrared characteristics of exhaust system was studied when the engine is in military power on the ground. The optimization objectives were thrust coefficient and infrared radiation (IR) characteristics at 3—5 μm in the positive tail direction of exhaust system. The constraint conditions were the IR characteristics of the narrow side detection plane at 30° and the wide side detection plane at 90°. The optimization variables were throat aspect ratio, throat radius ratio, convergence half angle and divergent half angle. In the design process, the initial sample points were determined by orthogonal experimental method. The RBF surrogate models of thrust coefficient and IR characteristics of exhaust system were established. The analysis and optimization was conducted with the adaptive simulated annealing algorithm. The results show that the multi-objective optimization method can be applied to the compatible design of thrust and infrared characteristics of exhaust system with good effects. The thrust coefficient of multi-objective optimized exhaust system is increased by 5.3% compared with the baseline 2D model. The dimensionless integral radiation intensity in the positive tail direction is reduced by 17%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leaf color mutants are ideal materials for studying a range of physiological metabolic process in higher plants, such as the structure of photosynthesis system, chlorophyll metabolism, chloroplast development, photosynthesis and hormone physiology, as well as important materials for genetic and plant breeding research. Radiation is the main method of leaf color mutagenesis, producing leaf color mutants with theoretical research and practical application. In this paper, we briefly introduced the type of leaf color mutants induced by different radiation sources, and a brief sketch about the physiological and molecular mechanism of leaf color mutations. Finally, we discussed the issues in the research of the leaf color mutant induced by radiation and prospected the further development. It is expected to provide references for improving the efficiency of plant radiation mutation breeding and promoting the application of leaf color mutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Systems Engineering & Electronics is the property of Journal of Systems Engineering & Electronics Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences is the property of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Plateau Meteorology is the property of Plateau Meteorology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The energy of radioactive rays kills various kinds of tumor cells, which makes radiotherapy one of the most important treatments for malignant tumors. In this paper, we present a study on the "herbalization" of radioactive rays so as to promote the application and development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the use of radiotherapy, and to improve its effects and reduce its side effects. According to the theory of TCM, radioactive rays are hot in property, acrid, bitter and salty in flavor, and toxic. Radioactive rays' channel tropism are spleen, stomach, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, kidney and bladder channels. As radioactive rays are effective at breaking blood stasis, resolving mass, and eliminating toxins to inhibit cancer, they are mainly applied to treat a variety of malignant tumors. In addition, the application, the usage and dosage, and the matters need attention are explained in order to provide guidance for the clinical application of radiation from the perspective of TCM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigating the spatial pattern and temporal variations of potential evaporation is of great importance in understanding the variations of the actual evaporation and water balance in the Tibetan Plateau. Several hydroclimatic and environmental variables display distinct spatial and temporal patterns in the Tibetan Plateau, but the patterns in the potential evaporation remain unclear. In this study, the potential evaporation from 1980 to 2015 was calculated by the Penman equation using the data of 312 stations in the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas. The potential evaporation and its radiation and aerodynamic terms show non-monotonic spatiotemporal variations, but the variations differ between the north and south of the Tibetan Plateau. The mean annual potential evaporation is bound by 32°30′N and shows a “V” shape pattern with latitude: decreasing with latitude in the south region and increasing with latitude in the north. The annual potential evaporation and its radiation term and aerodynamic term all show nonmonotonic changes with 1999 as the turning point but the trends substantially differ between the north and south regions. The results reveal the distinct spatial and temporal patterns of the impacts of the westerlies and the Indian monsoon on the potential evaporation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CT Theory & Applications is the property of Editorial Department of CT Theory & Applications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power / Reneng Dongli Gongcheng is the property of Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Intramedullary nail is the “gold standard” for the treatment of femoral shaft fractures, but the placement of distal locking of the femoral intramedullary nail has always been a difficult problem. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness between unarmed and vernier device support groups for distal interlocking screws in femoral nails. METHODS: Totally 63 patients with femoral shaft and trochanteric fractures (64 sides) were enrolled from Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group Suqian Hospital from 2017 to 2021. They were randomly divided into two groups. In the vernier device support group (32 cases), unarmed femoral intramedullary nail placement and internal fixation were conducted with vernier device support. In the unarmed group (32 cases), unarmed femoral intramedullary nail distal locking screw placement and internal fixation were conducted. The operation time and X-ray count for a perfect circle image, the time and the number of fluoroscopy when the nail was successfully placed, and the total time of the locking nail insertion were compared between unarmed and vernier device support groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The operation time and X-ray count for a perfect circle image of the vernier device support group were less than those in the unarmed group (P < 0.001). The time and the number of fluoroscopy when the nail was successfully placed of the vernier device support group were less than those in the unarmed group (P < 0.001). The total time of the locking nail insertion of the vernier device support group was less than that in the unarmed group (P < 0.001). The results show that, compared with the unarmed nail placement, the vernier device support placement has faster locking speed, less indirect radiation, no direct radiation exposure, and no need for a specially designed device. It is a locking nail technology worthy of promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Machine Tool & Hydraulics is the property of Guangzhou Mechanical Engineering Research Institute (GMERI) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

For the problem that the shortwave communication antenna is hard to realize broadband operation and inconvenient to transport on a set of equipment, an auto-tuning small loop antenna suitable for high frequency communication of near vertical incident skywave technique is proposed. The antenna is installed on the top of the vehicle, and the main body is composed of coupling loop, radiation loop and auto-tuning unit. Two different tuning methods are skillfully introduced, and the two matching networks are integrated and automatically controlled. The antenna has the advantages of simple physical structure, convenient carrying and high radiation efficiency. The simulation and test results show that the standing wave ratio of the loop antenna is less than 2 in the whole high frequency band from 3 to 30 MHz, the maximum gain of the loop antenna at 25 MHz can reach 2.7 dBi, and the maximum radial direction is in the vertical, which meets the requirements of shortwave near vertical incidence skywave communication, and becomes an important part of the high frequency communication system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nuclear Safety is the property of Nuclear & Radiation Safety Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background In the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia, the possibility of iatrogenic injury caused by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be lower than that by widely used X-ray and even computed tomography scan. However, there are few studies on the application of MRI in the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia. Objective To explore the feasibility of using MRI for the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia in primary care based analyzing the application of SS_TSE and modified abdominal T2WI sequences at 1.5 Tesla for the diagnosis of this illness. Methods Nineteen neonates diagnosed with pneumonia by MRI were selected from Wuchuan People's Hospital from January to November 2020. Six parameters under SS_TSE and modified abdominal T2WI sequences including subjective MR score, signal intensity of the lesion (SI lesion) , lung signal intensity (SI lung) , lung noise (SD lung) , calculated image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and lesion signal intensity ratio (SIR) were statistically analyzed. Results The values of these six parameters of SS_TSE sequence were 2.2 (2.0, 2.8) , (505.0±102.5) , (243.5±32.0) , (21.8±6.7) , (12.0±3.1) , and 2.1 (2.0, 2.2) , respectively. And The values of subjective score, SI lesion, SI lung, SD lung, SNR and SIR of T2WI sequence were 2.7 (2.0, 3.3) , (293.1±129.6) , (99.7±40.3) , (19.0±7.6) , (5.6±2.3) , and 3.1 (2.6, 3.2) , respectively. Based on the combination of SS_TSE and T2WI images, the diagnoses for all cases were made. Conclusion The brightness of the lesions in SS_TSE sequence is higher, with better objective definition of the images. T2WI sequence has higher subjective definition, and the signal of the lesions was markedly different from the background, which is helpful to observe the border of the lesions. SS_TSE and T2WI sequences are complementary in the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia. In a word, it is feasible to apply MRI for the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia at 1.5 Tesla to reduce the possibility of iatrogenic injury.

Nuclear thermalpropulsion reactor has attracted more and more attention because of its long service life, strong mobility and high concealment. However, in order to achieve higher mobility, nuclear thermalpropulsion reactor reduces its weight and does not have perfect radiation shielding measures, which will cause a lot of radiation to the external environment after operation. The radiation has an important impact on the application and development of nuclear thermal propulsion reactor. Therefore, it is necessary to study its radiation characteristics. This paper studies the radiation caused by the radioactive fission products produced after the operation of “Pluto” TORY ⅡC reactor published by the United States in the last century, ignoring the direct radiation of chain fission reaction, the radioactivity of component activation and the leakage of radioactive gas. Firstly in this paper, the burnup products of the reaction after 10 hours of full power operation were calculated by Monte Carlo method and the energy spectra of 106 radionuclides with high radioactivity were calculated, including Xray, gamma ray, bremsstrahlung and spontaneous fission gamma ray. Then the radiation field outside the reactor was calculated by pointkernel integral method. Because the pointkernel integral method has higher accuracy in calculating the simple structure, the reactor geometry was simplified in calculating the radiation field in this paper. The calculation results show that the reactor consumes 056% 235U after operation. The radioactivity increases gradually with time and finally reaches 1298×1021 Bq. Gamma radiation accounts for the main part. The maximum dose rate on the outer surface of TORY ⅡC shielding layer can reach 67185 Sv/h. Because the rear reflection layer is the thinnest and the side reflection layer is the thickest, the dose rate at the tail is the highest and the side dose rate is the lowest. At the same time, the calculated radiation field maintains a high dose rate in a large range. Therefore, this paper concludes that TORY ⅡC will produce a large amount of radiation after operation. Radiation shielding facilities must be installed to reduce the area of high radiation area, protect the environment and ensure personnel safety. At the same time, this paper calculates that the burnup products are regarded as uniform distribution and compares them with the previous accurate calculation results. It is found that there is little difference between the two calculation results in a far position. It can be inferred that when the distance is far enough, the two calculation results will be infinitely close. When the accuracy is not pursued, the burnup products can be regarded as uniform distribution to simplify the calculation and speed up the calculation time.

Copyright of Telecommunication Engineering is the property of Telecommunication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Telecommunication Engineering is the property of Telecommunication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)