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Space assets are crucial resources for a nation, and effectively managing the various risks associated with them will help maximize their benefits, enhance their contribution to national modernization and security, and improve the strength of the space industry. First, this study clarifies the definition and scope of space assets. In a narrow sense, space assets encompass all spacecraft in orbit. Broadly speaking, space assets also comprise related physical and intangible assets. Second, potential risk sources are identified from multiple dimensions and categorized into technical risks (such as collision disintegration, explosive disintegration, and load failure), military risks (including the use of spacecraft as weapons or weapon platforms), and management risks (referring mainly to mismatches in management systems, leading to loss of intangible assets). Subsequently, this study explores a quantitative assessment method for the technical risks, establishes a model for quantifying space asset values, and briefly analyzes possible risk control methods. Furthermore, a preliminary classification model for risk events is proposed along with several considerations including establishment of systems and mechanisms, formulation of response plans, responsibility allocation, and implementation and supervision of disposal actions.

Copyright of Cyber Security & Data Governance is the property of Editorial Office of Information Technology & Network Security and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Modern Food Science & Technology is the property of Editorial Office of Modern Food Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tunnel Construction / Suidao Jianshe (Zhong-Yingwen Ban) is the property of Tunnel Construction Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Non-coal mine is an important part of Chinas industrial economy. It has been widely concerned because of its complexity and high safety risk. In order to ensure the safe, stable and orderly operation of non-coal mines, "risk classification control and hidden danger investigation and treatment" of dual prevention system have carried out in all provinces. In order to implement the construction of dual prevention system effectively, a digital platform of dual prevention system was designed and developed on the bass of full investigation. With the help of 5G, internet of things, GIS and other advanced technologies, the current related safety management and control problems of non-coal mine have been solved through digital means, and the application of dual prevention system s realized in non-coal mines. The results show that, the implementation of dual prevention system s more effective through the combination of digital technology and dual prevention system, and the management data s more accurate, which help to solve part of safety risks faced by non-coal mines at present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to distinguish unsafe acts and related factors more intuitively and improve the effectiveness of behavior control，this paper developed a classification feature framework of unsafe acts based on 24Model. The tool of Gephi0.9.2 was used to describe the classification characteristics of 215serious gas explosion accidents. The results show that 71 types of safety acts have different risk values, and the illegal organization of production and violation blasting are classified as the highest risk level in statistical scope. Additionally, there are differences of correlation degree between 26 specific violation operations and 44 categories of related personnel. Coal mining enterprises can formulate targeted safety training program, as well as behavior prevention and control strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering is the property of Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

2008 年5 月21 日，時任美國總統之布希簽署「基因資訊無歧視法」，正式禁止保險人及雇用人以基因測試取得之資訊，作為歧視性待遇之基礎此後，保險人不得以基因資訊作為訂定保險費與可保性判斷之依據，雇用人亦不得以之為雇用、解雇或升遷之基準。細查此一立法通過之理由，有消極面與積極面。就消極面而言，此一立法乃回應大眾對自身基因資訊可能被用以對抗自己之恐懼，亦即美國國會認為大眾不應因出生即存在之可能罹患特定疾病之基因而遭受不利益，因每一個人均或多或少有致病基因，故均有成為基因歧視性待遇之受害者。另自積極面而言，本法之通過將大幅改善大眾對醫療資源之利用，亦即過往對基因歧視性待遇之恐懼，而參與基因檢測與研究之躊躇，及不欲就基因測試之成本申請求保險給付之態度可因之消弭，取而代之者則為藉基因測試之便，以發覺多於以往之治療方法之選擇。實則，於本法通過前，早於二十世紀末基因資訊得否作為人壽或健康保險之保險人於核保時之基礎，以決定特定被保險人之可保性與承保時之費率此一議題，即已廣泛討論且莫衷一是。美國各州立法亦紛對此一高度爭議之議題進行明 文規範，然規範內容歧異性頗大。本文以下即試自保險之本質與交易架構及保險法之基本原則入手，辯證基因資訊作為核保與費率釐定基礎之妥適性，乃至保險交易中風險分類及差別待遇之必要性，圖為基因資訊作為核保與費率釐定基礎尋覓一著力點。 On May 21, 2008, president George W. Bush signed the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act, which officially prohibits health insurers from obtaining and using genetic information as bases for calculating premiums or determine enrollment eligibility. Two major rationales behind this promulgation include first, responding to public’s fear of a dystopia in which people’s own DNA could be manipulated against them; and second, increased number of people are expected to take advantage of genetic testing and participate in genetic researches. In fact, starting from the mid-1990’s, the issue regarding the appropriateness of the utilization of genetic information in the underwriting of life and health insurance has always been highly controversial, and the debate has never ceased. Many states address to this issue by enacting their own statutory law but the content and restriction laid in these state laws are diversified. This article, therefore, attempts to analysis such issue from the perspective of the nature of insurance transaction, insurance practice and general principles of insurance laws. Part II of this paper will discuss the nature of genetic information and insurance transaction. Part III will probe into the disputes from theoretical aspect. Then, part IV will examine the existing Federal and state statutory laws as well as case laws addressing this issue. Part V aims to seek for a potential solution through general principles of insurance law and theories of insurance transaction. The entire discussion will conclude in part VI.

The commonly used radiological examinations for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) include ultrasound, CT, magnetic resonance imaging and PET, which play important roles in the individualized treatment of GIST through the assistance of the detection, location, diagnose and differential diagnosis, biological behavior and risk evaluation, operation planning, therapeutic effects prediction and follow-up. Standardized predisposal, multi-planar reconstruction and multi-phase enhancement are of great significance in the detection of small GIST lesions. Differences in drainage vessels and enhancement characteristics of tumors are helpful in differentiating small intestinal GIST from pancreatic cancer, neuroendocrine tumors and other abdominal non-GIST tumors. Radiology can provide multiple indicators to qualitatively or quantitatively reflect the risk of GIST. Recent study found that the risk classification of GIST has correlation with necrosis, but not cystic degeneration. The risk stratification of GIST by dual-energy CT showed that CT value and standardized iodine concentration in arterial-venous and delayed phases of high-risk tumors were significantly higher than those of non-high-risk tumors. The correlation between tumor enhancement pattern and risk stratificationwas still controversial. Recently, the rise of radiomics and deep learning techniques provide new direction for risk assessment of GIST. Some studies used various models and parameters to predict the risk classifications of GIST and achieved AUC values above 0.85, and some results were also superior to conventional indicators and radiologists' subjective judgment in the prediction of exon 11 mutations, mitotic counts and survivals. Recent developments in PET and diffusion-weighted MRI provide more precise functional quantitative indicators for the prediction and early evaluation of the response of GIST to targeted therapy. These studies are constantly expanding our field of exploration, and prompting us to stride toward the goal of individualized treatment of GIST.

Objective: To evaluate the value of (18)F-FDG PET-CT in predicting the malignant potential of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST). Methods: The clinical and pathological features of 31 patients with GIST confirmed by surgery or biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. The malignant potential of GIST before treatment was assessed by (18)F-FDG PET-CT. The GIST risk classification was graded according to the Standard revised by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 2008. The relationship between the maximal standard uptake value (SUVmax) and GIST risk classification, tumor diameter, Ki-67 index, and mitotic count were analyzed respectively. The cut-off level of SUVmax for the diagnosis of malignant GIST was calculated from the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Among the 31 cases of GIST patients, 14 cases were gastric primary (stomach group) and 17 cases were nongastric primary (outside stomach group). The SUVmax, tumor diameter, Ki-67 index and mitotic count of the 31 patients were 8.21±4.68, (7.82±5.12)cm, (10.03±11.07)% and (12.29±10.55)/50 HPF, respectively. SUVmax was significantly correlated with GIST risk classification ( r =0.727, P <0.01), but not with tumor diameter, Ki-67 index and mitotic count ( r =0.348, r =0.284, r =0.290, P =0.055, P =0.121, P =0.114). The SUVmax, tumor diameter, Ki-67 index and mitotic count in the stomach group were 4.36±2.36, (6.08±4.31)cm, (3.43±3.03)% and (5.71±2.20)/50 HPF, respectively. SUVmax was significantly correlated with tumor diameter, GIST risk classification and Ki-67 index ( r =0.682, r =0.868, r =0.732, P <0.01) but not with mitotic count ( r =0.510, P =0.063). The SUVmax of the GIST in the gastric group and the outside gastric group were 4.36±2.36 and 10.68±5.50, respectively. The difference was statistically significant ( P =0.001). The SUVmax in the malignant group of GIST (middle or high risk grade) was 8.90±4.89, which was significantly higher than 2.22±0.86 in the benign group (low or very low risk grade). The difference was statistically significant between the two group ( P <0.01). ROC curve analysis showed that a SUVmax cut-off of 3.75 was the most sensitive for predicting malignant GIST. When the area under the curve of 0.969, the sensitivity was 84.6% and the specificity was 100%. Conclusions: The SUVmax was strongly correlated with the GIST risk category and also with the tumor diameter and Ki-67 index in the gastric primary GIST, so it can be used as an effective indicator in predicting malignant potential of GIST before treatment.