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With the rapid development of urban 3D geological information system and its application, the demand for visualization accuracy of geological data is increasing. Geological survey data are often multi-source, multi-dimensional, massive, multi-topic, multi-scale and multi-temporal, which makes it difficult to store, organize and manage 3D data.Therefore, it is of great interest for scholars in the field of urban geological information science to efficiently manage and effectively utilize the complex and massive geological data to solve various complex geological problems and serve the society. Based on the construction process of a full-space map of the multi-factor urban geological survey of Wuhan, this paper systematically explores the key technologies in the construction of the One Map system for urban geological survey and puts them into practice. Four aspects are explicitly considered, namely, distributed storage and fusion management of a multi-source 3D models, lightweight full-space 3D model construction, fast rendering of multi-source heterogeneous massive 3D data, and application of 3D model analysis in browser, and an example is put forward. It realizes the efficient integration of large-scale and high-precision 3D geological models at the city level, improves the visualization expression effect of multi-factor urban geological survey results, and lays a solid foundation for the application of 3D geological models.