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Desiccation method has been successfully applied for the cryopreservation of Bletilla formosana seeds (Orchidaceae). This study investigated the effects of cryostorage duration on the viability of B. formosana and Phalaenopsis aphrodite subsp. formosana seeds after cryopreservation. After 24 h desiccation by silica gel and cryopreservation for 48 mo, B. formosana seeds still remained high germination percentage (87.7%) and higher than fresh seeds. Phal. aphrodite subsp. formosana seeds could retained significant higher germination percentage (100.0%) than fresh seed treatment (74.6%) after cryopreservation for 15 mo. The plantlet from cryostoraged seeds could grow and develop well. The germination percentage of dried and cryopreserved seed for 24 h was higher than that of fresh seeds after cryopreservation. Under scanning electron microscopy, it is clear that immersing seeds in liquid nitrogen (LN) induces breakage in the seed coat, then cracks in the seed coat provide channels that facilitate hydration and may increase germination. The technique could be applied for the pre-treatment prior to cryopreservation of Phaius tankervilleae polllen, Phal. aphrodite subsp. formosana, Vanda lamellata and Vanda denisoniana seeds. The results showed that the germination percentage of freshly harvested pollen of P. tankervilleae was 81.4%, pollens directly placed in LN was low (25.4%) after thawing. However, the germination percentage increased to 81.0% for seeds dried with silica gel for 24 h prior to cryopreservation. In the case of seed preservation, the water content of V. lamellata fresh seeds was 34.6%, then decreased to 4.2% after desiccation for 24 h. The germination percentage of Phal. aphrodite subsp. formosana, V. lamellata and V. denisoniana fresh seeds were 77.5, 93.8 and 100.0%, respectively. The germination percentage of seeds that were directly placed in LN was low (0.0, 0.0 and 1.6%) after thawing, instead, the percentage increased to 88.0, 100.0 and 100.0% for seeds dried with silica gel for 24 h prior to cryopreservation for 24 h, respectively. These findings demonstrate that the seeds of V. lamellata exhibit a high tolerance toward desiccation and is suitable to be preserved at low temperature for long-term, and can be considered as an orthodox seed storage. Therefore, silica gel desiccation could be also applied for P. tankervilleae pollens, Phal. aphrodite subsp. formosana seeds, V. lamellata seeds and V. denisoniana seeds prior to cryopreservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable power plant based on the grid-forming converter has a similar performance with the traditional thermal power plant on the function of active support for the frequency and voltage in the power system. An aggregation model is proposed for the frequency and voltage stability analysis of new power system, the overall operation characteristics of the plant are analyzed, and a method for identifying and selecting the parameters of the aggregation model is proposed. The proposed aggregation model can accurately reflect the dynamic process of the interaction between the renewable power plant and the grid, and ensure a quick simulation rate. In comparison with the electromagnetic transient model for grid-forming renewable power plant, the effectiveness of the proposed aggregation model is verified in MATLAB/Simulink. The accuracy and rapidity of the proposed aggregation model is verified in the frequency and voltage stability simulation analysis of power system based on the case study in the IEEE 39 bus system.