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(1) Background-How to solve the problem of forest farmers' choosing jobs after the implementation of the ecological compensation policies has become the key to realize the sustainable development of ecology and economy in the collective forest regions. (2) Methods-The research data came from the household survey conducted by the collective forest rights system reform monitoring project team in Shaanxi Province from July to August 2018, and 441 valid questionnaires were obtained. The OLS regression, intermediary effect model and propensity score matching method ( PSM) were used to analyze the relationship between ecological compensation policies, forest farmers' livelihood strategies and their income. (3) Results-From the perspective of direct effect, the impact of ecological compensation policies on forest farmers' income was significantly positive at the statistical level of 5%, and this effect was still significant after excluding ecological compensation samples or selecting only poverty-stricken counties as samples. From the perspective of mediating effect, the mediating effects of livelihood non-forestry and livelihood diversification on the impact of the ecological compensation policies on forest farmers' income were significant, and the mediating effect accounted for 15.58% and 19.08% respectively. From the perspective of heterogeneity of income effect, compared with those who did not participate in the policies, the total family forestry income of the forest farmers who participated in the policies decreased by 1544 yuan, but their non-forestry management income increased by 5881 yuan, non-forestry wage income increased by 4225 yuan. This indicated that after the forest farmers participated in the ecological compensation policies of public welfare forests, although they sacrificed part of the forest-land management rights to protect the ecological environment, which reduced their forestry income, they could change their livelihood strategies. The household surplus labor forces could increase their household income through non-forest employment and business activities in the secondary and tertiary industries. (4) Conclusions and Discussions-In order to improve the implementation performance of the ecological compensation policies for public welfare forests, the following policy suggestions are put forward : First, establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for ecological compensation of public welfare forests, regularly monitor the management status of public welfare forests in poverty-stricken regions, and reward and punish them according to the monitoring results, so as to improve the initiative of the forest farmers' policy participation. Second, improve the supporting measures of the ecological compensation policies for public welfare forests and the environment for employment and entrepreneurship in forest areas. At the same time, encourage the forest farmers to rely on public welfare forests resources for employment or entrepreneurship to revitalize forestry resources. Third, strengthen the matching assistance for the forest farmers' livelihood transformation, appropriately guide the forest farmers to develop the forest undergrowth industry, or provide employment for the poor households and create more sources of livelihood for them. Fourth, encourage the transfer of forestland property rights of public welfare forests, guide the forest farmers to transfer the abandoned lands for public welfare forests to those individuals or units with higher management level, so as to promote the rational allocation of forestland resources and rural household labor resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the application value of humidified high flow nasal cannula （HHFNC） combined with visual laryngoscopy in the arytenoid cartilage dislocation. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with arytenoid cartilage dislocation were randomly double-blind into HHFNC group and general nasal catheter oxygen suction group, and the intraoperative and postoperative evaluation indicators, anesthesia-related indicators and postoperative vocal cord were compared. Results: There were statistically significant differences in intraoperative blood oxygen saturation, microstream end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure EtCO₂, respiratory rate and respiratory intervention times between the two groups （ P <0.05）, and statistically significant differences in postoperative heart rate, oxygen saturation and respiratory rate （ P <0.05）. After reduction, the voice disturbance index, the degree of voice abnormality, rough voice, breath sound, powerless pronunciation and catatonic pronunciation changed significantly after operation. Conclusion: HHFNC combined with visual laryngoscopy in the arytenoid cartilage dislocation has high anesthetic safety, good cooperation of patients, and good surgical effect., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Objective: To explore and observe voice effect of the resection of the vocal fold sulcus, suture of the vocal fold mucosa, and fat granule packing under the support laryngoscope. Methods: A total of 25 patients with vocal fold sulcus underwent vocal fold sulcus resection under a support laryngoscope. After the vocal fold sulcus was removed, the mucosa on both sides of the vocal fold sulcus was sutured into a pouch. Next the fat granules removed from the abdomen were stuffed into the pouch until the vocal folds were full, and the mucosa was repaired, and then the pouched mucosa was sutured. After the operation, the patients were silent for 2 weeks and followed up at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively to observe the state of the vocal fold mucosa and the voice effect of the vocal fold under the stroboscopic laryngoscopy. The main outcome measures were the mucosal movement, fundamental frequency （F0）, fundamental frequency perturbation （Jitter）, amplitude perturbation （Shimmer）, normalized noise energy （NNE）, harmony/noise （H/N） and maximum phonation time （MPT）. Results: Among the 25 patients, 23 patients had good vocal fold closure and smooth mucosa. Under the stroboscopic laryngoscope, the mucosal movement was good and smooth, and the F0, Jitter, Shimmer, NNE, H/N, MPT were significantly improved, and the voice quality was significantly improved. The other 2 patients had fat particles spillover in the vocal fold. The voice function recovered well after the second treatment. Conclusion: Resection of vocal fold sulcus, suture of vocal fold mucosa, and fat granule packing under support laryngoscope are very effective for the treatment of vocal fold sulcus. Indispensably, the operation is done properly, and the patient silence the voice according to the doctor's advice, thus the voice quality will be satisfactory after the operation. ., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of SVF-gel in unilateral vocal cord paralysis. Methods: his investigation presented a retrospective study of SVF-gel auto-transplantation in 22 patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis from June 2017 to December 2018 in otolaryngology head and neck surgery of Nanjing Tongren Hospital. Under the general anesthesia support laryngoscope, the medial thigh was selected as the fat supply area. SVF-gel was obtained by SVF-gel technology. The SVF-gel was transplanted into the vocal cord muscle and the paraglottic space. The laryngography was performed before and after the operation. The voice was analyzed and compared to evaluate the therapeutic effect. Results: SVF-gel was successfully transplanted in all 22 cases. The stroboscopic laryngoscopy showed that the vocal cords vibrated well and the glottis closed normally. The results of GRBAS showed that the voice quality of the patients at 12 and 18 months after the operation was significantly improved. The voice analysis showed that the maximum phonation time of the patients at 12 and 18 months after the operation increased. The basic frequency increased. The basic frequency perturbation, amplitude perturbation and standardized noise energy decreased significantly（ P <0.05）. Conclusion: SVF-gel auto-transplantation can effectively improve the voice quality of unilateral vocal cord paralysis and the long-term effect is stable., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of submucosal resection by CO2 laser in the treatment of recurrent laryngeal papilloma and the effect on prognosis., Method: A total of 11 patients diagnosed as recurrent laryngeal papilloma were included in this review. Papilloma was marked before operation and checked under fibro-laryngoscope. Papilloma was resected completely including the submucosal tissure with CO2 laser or microequipment. In widespread papilloma, false membrane in raw surface were cleared 7-10 days after operation. Surgical specimens (including membrane) were detected by routine pathology, HPV typing and immunohistochemical pathologic examination. The patients were checked once a month in the first 3 months after operation, and then once for every 3 months. Once the hoarseness and other symptoms aggravated or the disease was recurrent, the patients were treated immediately., Result: HPV viral DNA was found in 10/11 cases, with HPV11 (7/11 cases) and HPV6 (3/11 cases). Cases with regards to follow-up, from 6 months to 1 year, 3 cases were followed up 1 year after operation, without recurrence. Five patients including 2 children were followed up 6 to 12 months after operation, without recurrence. Two children underwent 2 or 3 operations, were followed-up more than 6 months withouting recurrence., Conclusion: Papilloma submucosal resection could decrease postoperative recurrence and is worth to be further investigated.

Objective: To study the spontaneous rehabilitation and phonation quality of vocal cords after different types of CO2 laser microsurgery., Method: Surgical procedures based on Remacle system Type I, Type II, Type III, Type IV and Type V a respectively. Three hundred and fifteen cases with hoarseness based on strobe laryngoscopy results were prospectively assigned to different group according to vocal lesions apperence,vocal vibration and imaging of larynx CT/MRI. Each group holded 63 cases. The investigation included the vocal cords morphological features,the patients' subjective feelings and objective results of vocal cords., Result: There are no severe complications for all patients in perioperative period. Vocal scar found in Type I ,1 case; Type II, 9 cases ;Type III, 47 cases; Type IV, 61 cases and Type Va 63 cases respectively after surgery. The difference of Vocal scar formation after surgery between surgical procedures are statistical significance (χ2 = 222.24, P < 0.05). Hoarseness improved after the surgery in 59 cases of Type I , 51 cases of Type II, 43 cases of Type III, 21 cases of Type IV and 17 cases of Type Va. There are statistically significance (χ2 = 89.46, P < 0.05) between different surgical procedures. The parameters of strobe laryngoscope: there are statistical significance on jitter between procedures (F 44.51, P < 0.05), but without difference within Type I and Type II (P > 0.05). This happened in shimmer parameter and the maximum phonation time (MPT) as jitter. There are no statistical significance between Type IV and Type Va on MPT (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: Morphological and functional rehabilitation of vocal cord will be affected obviously when the body layer is injured. The depth and range of the CO2 laser microsurgery are the key factors affecting the vocal rehabilitation.