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Objective: To explore the safety in inguinal incarcerated hernia repair without use of antibiotics., Methods: Retrospective statistical analysis was performed for a total 326 patients with inguinal incarcerated hernia repair at our hospital from January 2011 to July 2013. They were divided into 2 groups of non-using (n = 192) and using (n = 134) antibiotics. Statistical analysis of early postoperative infection was performed for two groups., Results: The total incision infection had no statistical difference between two groups (7.29% (14/192) vs 3.73% (5/134), 0.52% (1/192) vs 1.49% (2/134), both P > 0.05). Further comparison of leukocyte count and neutrophil count at Day 3 showed no inter-group statistical difference ((7.9 ± 0.6) ×10(9) vs (7.8 ± 0.7) ×10(9)/L, (4.9 ± 0.5)×10(9) vs (5.0 ± 0.5) ×10(9)/L; U = 1.344, 1.777; P = 0.180, 0.077)., Conclusion: It is unnecessary to use preventive antibiotics in patients undergoing tension-free repair with incarcerated inguinal hernia without high-risk infection or bowel necrosis.