Search

The effect of Na 2 S 2 O 3 ·5H 2 O on the carbon fixation capability of Thiobacillus thioparus (DSM 505) was determined by measuring the total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations under different concentrations of Na 2 S 2 O 3 ·5H 2 O. In addition, the mechanism was clarified by analyzing the transcription characteristics of RubisCO-encoding genes ( cbb genes) and the concentrations of extracellular free organic carbon (EFOC) under different concentrations of Na 2 S 2 O 3 ·5H 2 O. The result showed that by increasing the concentrations of Na 2 S 2 O 3 ·5H 2 O appropriately, the carbon fixation capability of Thiobacillus thioparus could be promoted and the ratio of extracellular free organic carbon to total organic carbon fell significantly. Moreover, the analysis from the transcription characteristics of cbb genes revealed that Na 2 S 2 O 3 ·5H 2 O had no significant effect on the transcription efficiency and transcription pattern of cbb genes. So Na 2 S 2 O 3 ·5H 2 O might improve the carbon fixation capability by promoting the cytoskeleton synthesis rate as electron donors to eliminate the inhibition effect of extracellular free organic carbon on the carbon fixation of Thiobacillus thioparus .

Sulphur-based autotrophic denitrification was applied to treat the low concentration nitrate-contaminated water. Different electron donors, namely, elemental sulfur, sulfide and thiosulfate, were used in three continuous reactors to compare the denitrification performance. When treating the low concentration nitrate-contaminated water (13 mg x L(-1)), the thiosulfate system showed the best performance and the sulfide system was the worst. The thiosulfate system was less sensitive to low temperature than the other two. At temperatures higher than 20 degrees C, the sulfur system was greatly influenced by mass transfer efficiency and HRT. It removed 81% of nitrate and 79% of TN when HRT was no less than 2 h, but could only achieve a low nitrate and TN removal rate of 47% and 51% when HRT was shorter than 2 h. No obvious nitrite accumulation was observed and the average effluent nitrite was 0.53 mg x L(-1). The sulfide system could only remove 47% of nitrate and 41% of TN with 0.29 mg x L(-1) nitrite in the effluent at the HRT of 4 h. Meanwhile, the thiosulfate system had a high removal rate of 99% for nitrate and 90% for TN, with a low content of effluent nitrite of 0.080 mg x L(-1), and the HRT could be shortened to 0.5 h. The molecular biological analysis showed that different bacteria predominated in the three reactors, and that Thiobacillus denitrificans existed abundantly in the sulfur system, while the functional bacteria in the sulfide and thiosulfate systems could not be identified yet. A new species of sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification bacterium may have been found.

The method of diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1, 1-dimethylurea] degradation by persulfate oxidation activated by EDTA-ferrous ion in aqueous system was conducted. Based on both of the degradation performance and the operating costs, optimal reaction condition was proposed. Operating at K2S2O8 initial concentration 2.0 mmol x L(-1), Fe(II) initial concentration 1.0 mmol x L(-1), EDTA initial concentration 0.5 mmol x L(-1), reaction time 300 min and pH = 7.0, about 67.6% of 0.1 mmol x L(1) diuron was degradation. Hydroxyl radicals and sulfate radicals produced in the system were determined by molecular probes (ethanol and tert-butanol) methods. The degradation products of diuron were identified with LC/MS methods and the degradation pathways of diuron were discussed.

The time-resolved spectra of free photoelectrons and shallow-trapped electrons in the T-grains AgBrI emulsion were simultaneously detected with microwave absorption and dielectric spectrum detection technique. The results indicate that the electron trap effects of sulfur sensitization centers and sulfur-plus-gold sensitization centers are different with equal quantities of Na2S2O3 added. The sulfur sensitization centers acted as a deep electron trap to pick up the electronic decay because of increasing the number of deep trapped electrons, while the sulfur-plus-gold sensitization centers as a shallow electron trap decrease the electronic decay through effectively controlling the recombination between the electrons and the holes. The depth of sulfur-plus-gold sensitization center is shallower than that of sulfur sensitization center after the KAuCl4 is added. The effects of sulfur sensitization center and sulfur-plus-gold sensitization center on the photoelectron decay are different in different sections of decay curves through the change in electron time-resolved spectra.