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Imposing anode current is widely used in the artificial accelerated corrosion of steel rebars.However，the uneven current distribution in series or parallel accelerated corrosion circuits often lead to uneven corrosion degree of steel bars.In order to optimize the accelerated corrosion method of steel rebars by imposing anode current，a multidirectional hybrid connection circuit was proposed and the accelerated corrosion test of steel rebars was carried out.The current，change of corrosion potential and corrosion current density，corrosion rate and corrosion products of each group of steel rebar specimens under three accelerated corrosion modes of hybrid connection，series connection and parallel connection were compared and analyzed.Results showed that the current distributions of steel rebars in series and parallel circuits were different，which led to different corrosion degree of steel rebar.In the hybrid connection，the current distribution was uniform and the corrosion degree of steel rebar surfaces were similar，and the corrosion rate of each steel rebar was close to the theoretical value.The uniform accelerated corrosion of steel rebars or reinforced concrete specimens could be realized through the multidirectional hybrid connection circuit，which effectively optimized the effect of accelerated corrosion of steel rebars and provided reference for accelerated corrosion of steel rebars or reinforced concrete members.

BACKGROUND Heavy metal pollution in soil has been a serious threat to human health and ecological environmental safety. Stabilization remediation has become an important means of remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil due to the high efficiency and low cost. Attapulgite modified by alkali with an improved performance, provides an important basis for its stabilization and remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. OBJECTIVES To analyze the changes in physical and chemical properties of attapulgite before and after modification, and to study the effects of attapulgite modified by NaOH on the chemical speciation changes and environmental risks of Cd in contaminated soil, and to explore the stabilization effects of attapulgite modified by NaOH on Cd in the soil. METHODS Different proportions of NaOH were used to modify attapulgite. The surface characteristics, crystal structure and functional groups of the materials were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Stabilization experiments were carried out on artificially prepared heavy metal Cd contaminated soil to study the effects of NaOH-modified attapulgite on the changes of chemical speciation of Cd and environmental risks in contaminated soil. RESULTS By adding the modified material with the mass ratio of NaOH to attapulgite of 1:2, the pH value of the soil was significantly increased by 0.85 units. The exchangeable Cd content decreased by 46.28% and the residual Cd content increased by 1.98 times. The risk assessment code (RAC) and potential risk index (PRI) of Cd in soil decreased the most from 36.70% and 207.90 to 20.08% and 86.40, respectively, which effectively reduced the transfer capacity and environmental risk of Cd in soil. According to SEM, XRD and FTIR analyses, after modification, the surface roughness of attapulgite increased, chemical bonds such as Si-O-Si bonds were opened, so active sites for adsorption of heavy metals increased. Attapulgite modified by alkali immobilized Cd mainly through adsorption, and the reaction of silanol and hydroxide with Cd2+ generated precipitate, so as to achieve the effect of stabilizing and repairing Cd contaminated soil. CONCLUSIONS Alkali-modified attapulgite can effectively stabilize Cd in soil, which has a significant application prospect in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil.

Ni-Mn-based magnetic shape memory alloys have excellent shape memory effects induced by the temperature field and magnetic field, superelasticity, magnetocaloric effect, magnetoresistive effect, elastocaloric effect, exchange bias effect, etc. As a new type of multi-functional material, it is expected to be used in many engineering fields such as actuators, sensors and so on. The research status of Ni-Mn-based magnetic shape memory alloys containing the second phase was described in detail. The formation of the second phase and its influence on martensitic transformation, functional performance and mechanical properties were summarized. Several important and unresolved issues currently were presented, such as the impact of the second phase on magnetic functional properties including magnetic shape memory effect. It was pointed out that in future work, it is essential to study the thermodynamic and kinetic factors of the formation and evolution of the second phase, and properly regulate the second phase so as to optimize the functional properties of the alloys.

In order to produce art textiles with visual, embossed and wrinkled effects, as well as tassel decoration, based on limited 16 pages heald of regular dobby loom, the warp and weft patterning weave, wrinkling and pad weaving technology, and cutting process were multiple composited. The warp patterning weave and symmetrical threading method were used to configure the weave points, weft cycle was extended to increase the number of patterns, large jacquard loom was replaced to produce visual fabrics. Bubble warp was connected through the linkage cable at the lower end of the 16th heald, relaxation or tension of the bubble warp was controlled through the lifting and lowering of the heald, the change of bubble warp tension and weaving wrinkled effect were achieved. Wrinkle amplitude was controlled by controlling the number of warp and weft weave points of the pattern of the heald, wave bubble wrinkle effect was formed. Pad weaving multiple weft yarns into the same shed, embossed effect was created. Cuting after weaving with weft fabric, tassel decorative effect was formed and finally multiple composite art textiles was produced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate whether shikonin can regulate autophagy and promote wound healing in diabetic rats by upregulating C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4). Methods A total of 24 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assigned to control, diabetic, diabetic+ Shikonin, and diabetic+Shikonin+sh-CXCR4 groups (6 rats in each group) using random number table method. A diabetic rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, and a 1 cm-diameter skin punch was used to create an ulcer model on the back of the rat. Wound healing rates were calculated on days 0, 7, 14, and 21 after wounding. On day 21 after wounding, skin tissues were collected for hematoxylin & eosin and Masson trichrome staining to analyze the pathological changes of the wound. CD31 immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze the microvascular density of the wound and Western blotting was used to detect the expression of CXCR4 and cell autophagy-related proteins microtubule-related proteins light chain 3 (LC3) II/ LC3 I, Beclin1, and soluble p62 in the wound tissue. Autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between groups. Results Compared with the control group, the diabetic group had reduced wound healing rate (on day 21: 72.44%±6.21% vs. 93.71%±6.76%), neovascularization, collagen deposition, microvascular density, levels of CXCR4, LC3 II /LC3 I, and Beclin, and increased p62 levels in the wound tissue, as well as decreased autophagosomes (P<0.05). Compared with the diabetic group, wound healing rate (on day 21: 86.74%±4.86% vs. 72.44%±6.21%), neovascularization, collagen deposition, microvascular density, levels of CXCR4, LC3 II/LC3 I, and Beclin, and autophagosomes were increased, but p62 levels were decreased in the diabetic+Shikonin group (P<0.05). Compared with the diabetic+Shikonin group, the diabetic+Shikonin group had decreased wound healing rate (on day 21: 76.15%±3.85% vs. 86.74%±4.86%), neovascularization, collagen deposition, microvascular density, levels of CXCR4, LC3 II/LC3 I, and Beclin, and autophagosomes in the wound tissue, as well as increased p62 levels (P<0.05). Conclusion Shikonin promotes the healing of diabetic ulcer wounds by upregulating CXCR4 expression and activating cell autophagy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the textile with arc-shaped picture sense, a fabric with the appearance of arc-shaped curve was developed through changing the weft shrinkage force by the position of the elastic weft float line and the density, as well as matching the flowery structure and arc-shaped curve structure. It is necessary to avoid distortion and crimping of fabric caused by uneven weft force during trial weaving. The mixing ratio of elastic weft and ordinary weft should be appropriate to prevent the large shrinkage rate. The weaving process requires the evenness of the warping yarn tension, the increase of the hairiness cover rate of the sizing yarn and the guarantee of clear opening; Multi-arm rapier loom is biaxial weaving, which can increase the stretching effect of side brace, adjust opening time and insertion tension to avoid breaking edge and shrinking edge weft. The longitudinal curved fabric developed by multi-arm loom has a sense of flow, beautiful rhythm, giving consideration to aesthetics and balanced force, combined with the warp floral organization and gradually changing yarn arrangement, the fabric has an artistic conception, to achieve the integration of art and technology, suitable for hotel supplies and women's fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to develop synthetic fiber women's wear fabrics with composite wearing properties, flax like elastic fabrics were designed and woven using CEY elastic composite filament to has the flexibility and bone style of wool fabric with the drape ability of silk fabric. Both warp and weft yarns were made of elastic composite yarn with the high linear density of 20 tex, 150 twist/(10cm) strong twist, with excellent moisture conductivity, dry and elastic feeling. Then it was combined with alkali soluble DTY polyester low elastic yarn. Next, the double elastic structure of warp and welt was fabricated based on hollow structure, which was full of body bone feeling as well as obvious effect of imitating flax. The research shows that tension of warp and filling control is the key. Increase the take up tension, reduce the over feeding rate in winding process, after winding, the inner slow-resilient-elasticity accumulated is necessary to bo released. Warping tension should be controlled properly, the unwinding tension of different warp beams should bo controlled respectively on warp roboarriirig machine. When picking in weaving, weft kink should be prevented. The uniform weft tension device is adopted, late shedding time and late picking time, as well as high tension is adopted to ensure the hollow effect and the flax texture while maintaining moderate elastic force and stiff feeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design and key production technology of a warp figured micro elastic through-hole yarn dyed crepe were summarized. Warp figured & through-hole texture and plain combination weave were adopted. The fancy weft and ground weft for the pattern was reasonable configured. The fabric specification and loom process design were summarized. CAD was used to simulate the fabric simulation effect. Attention should be paid on the evenness of the tension, arrangement and winding during the warping. Light sizing was performed on fancy warp. Ground warp sizing should focus on the covering hairiness and increasing abrasion resistance. Rapier loom was adopted and double beams were used for weaving to control the warp tension separately. In the end, successful production of product was guaranteed. The loom efficiency was reached up to 91%. It is considered that the fabric pattern produced is fashionable and attractive. It is suitable for fashion women's wear fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aimed to investigate the role and potential mechanism of p53 on primordial follicle activation. Firstly, the p53 mRNA expression in the ovary of neonatal mice at 3, 5, 7 and 9 days post-partum (dpp) and the subcellular localization of p53 were detected to confirm the expression pattern of p53. Secondly, 2 dpp and 3 dpp ovaries were cultured with p53 inhibitor Pifithrin-μ (PFT-μ, 5 μmol/L) or equal volume of dimethyl sulfoxide for 3 days. The function of p53 in primordial follicle activation was determined by hematoxylin staining and whole ovary follicle counting. The proliferation of cell was detected by immunohistochemistry. The relative mRNA levels and protein levels of the key molecules involved in the classical pathways associated with the growing follicles were examined by immunofluorescence staining, Western blot and real-time PCR, respectively. Finally, rapamycin (RAP) was used to intervene the mTOR signaling pathway, and ovaries were divided into four groups: Control, RAP (1 μmol/L), PFT-μ (5 μmol/L), PFT-μ (5 μmol/L) + RAP (1 μmol/L) groups. The number of follicles in each group was determined by hematoxylin staining and whole ovary follicle counting. The results showed that the expression of p53 mRNA was decreased with the activation of primordial follicles in physiological condition. p53 was expressed in granulosa cells and oocyte cytoplasm of the primordial follicles and growing follicles, and the expression of p53 in the primordial follicles was higher than that in the growing follicles. Inhibition of p53 promoted follicle activation and reduced the primordial follicle reserve. Inhibition of p53 promoted the proliferation of the granulosa cells and oocytes. The mRNA and protein expression levels of key molecules in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway including AKT, PTEN, and FOXO3a were not significantly changed after PFT-μ treatment, while the expression of RPS6/p-RPS6, the downstream effectors of the mTOR signaling pathway, was upregulated. Inhibition of both p53 and mTOR blocked p53 inhibition-induced primordial follicle activation. Collectively, these findings suggest that p53 may inhibit primordial follicle activation through the mTOR signaling pathway to maintain the primordial follicle reserve.

Objective: To explore clinical effects of minimally invasive osteotomy and manual reduction in treating hallux valgus., Methods: From January 2018 to May 2019, 31 patients (42 feet) with hallux valgus were treated with minimally invasive osteotomy and manual reduction, including 3 males and 28 females aged from 18 to 76 years old with an average of (50.1± 4.9) years old. Preoperative and postoperative hallux valgus (HVA), intermetatarsal angles(IMA), length difference between 1 and 2 metatarsals were recorded and compared, and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS)score were observed and measured., Results: Thirty-one patients (42 feet) were followed up from 14 to 18 months with an average of (15.1± 1.2) months. HVA, IM before operation were (38.5±5.4)°, (13.0± 1.1)°, and improved to (14.3±4.7)°and (9.1±1.5)°after operation respectively( P <0.05). Preopertaive length difference between 1 and 2 metatarsals was 2-4(-0.59±1.80) mm, and 0 to -6(-3.53±1.60) mm after operation, the average shortening of the first metatarsal was 2.94 mm. There were significant difference between preoperative and postoperative. Preoperative AOFAS score was 57.8±9.7, increased to 92.1±9.3 at the final follow-up, there was significant differences ( P <0.05). According to standard of AOFAS score, 32 feet obtain excellent results, 16 good and 3 moderate., Conclusion: Minimally invasive osteotomy and manual reduction in treating hallux valgus have advantages of shorter operation time, less length of incision, and could correct hallux valgus deformity, improve front feet and receive good clinical effect in further.

Objective: To observe pathological characteristic of bone and soft tissue of the medial aspect of the first metatarsal head in order to investigate the pathogenesis of hallux valgus., Methods: One hundred and twenty-three patients with hallux valgus (235 feet) were obtained from August 2003 to December 2004 in our department. The bone and soft tissue of the medial aspect of the first metatarsal head were taken out from the incision. The pathological conditions of specimen were observed by HE stain., Results: The pathological changes included: degeneration and desmoplasia around the attachment point of tendon and joint capsule, reactive hyperplasia of periost, decreasing of bone trabecula, cartilaginification of periost, cortical bone and tendon insertion, bone formation and osteoclasts response., Conclusion: The pathological changes of the medial aspect of the first metatarsal head of hallux valgus presented extensive chronic inflammation.

Objective: To perform an comparative proteome analysis of human papillomavirus-infected cervical specimens and to investigate different expressions between high- and low-risk genotypes., Methods: The cervical specimens were divided into two groups (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia group and condyloma acuminatum group) according to their genotypes. Using comparative proteome technology, high-risk human papillomavirus-infected cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, low-risk human papillomavirus-infected condyloma acuminatum, and normal cervical intraepithelial tissue were compared. The differential expression protein spots were identified by mass spectrometry., Results: Totally 26 differential spots were selected and analyzed, and 22 peptide mass fingerprints (PMF) maps were obtained by MALDI-TOF-MS. Eighteen proteins were preliminarily identified after searching the NCBInr database. The function information of these 18 proteins mainly involved cell metabolism, signal transduction, cell secretion, cell cytoskeleton construction, cell proliferation, and apoptosis., Conclusion: The proteomic expressions after the cervical infection of high- or low-risk genotype of human papillomavirus are obviously different.

Background & Objective: It has been reported that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in progression of lymphoma, and lymphoma with high level of VEGF is likely to metastasise at early stage. This study was to explore effects of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ASODN) targeting VEGF on angiogenesis of lymphoma through in vitro, and in vivo experiments., Methods: Human lymphoma cell line Namalwa cells were incubated with VEGF ASODN (final concentrations were 10, 20, and 30 micromol/L, respectively), or scrambled sequence for 24 h or 48 h. VEGF mRNA expression in treated cells was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and its protein expression was detected by SP immunohistochemistry. After incubation of 30 micromol/L of VEGF ASODN, 30 micromol/L of scrambled sequence, and PBS as negative control, Namalwa cells were injected into nude mice. Diameters of tumors in ASODN group (6 mice), scrambled sequence group (6 mice), and PBS group (4 mice) were measured, microvessel density (MVD) was detected via immunohistochemistry., Results: Expression of VEGF mRNA in cells treated with 10, 20, and 30 micromol/L of ASODN were 1.28, 0.86, and 0.47, respectively; those of PBS-treated cells, and scrambled sequence-treated cells were 1.79, and 1.84. Positive rate of VEGF protein in ASODN-treated cells was significantly lower than those in scrambled sequence-treated cells, and PBS-treated cells (23.3% vs. 46.9%, and 47.8%, P<0.05). MVDs of ASODN group, scrambled sequence group, and PBS group were 12.26+/-0.78, 23.92+/-1.14, and 24.13+/-1.21, respectively., Conclusion: VEGF ASODN can down-regulate expression of VEGF, and suppress angiogenesis in lymphoma.

To study the effect of VEGF fully phosporothioated antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (VEGF-ASODN) on VEGF expression in acute monocyte leukemic cell line U937 in vitro, U937 cells were incubated with VEGF-ASODN at concentrations of 10, 20 and 30 micro mol/L or scrambled sequence as compared with negative control. The expression of VEGF mRNA was measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of VEGF protein was measured by Western blot. The result showed that VEGF-ASODN had obviously inhibitive effect on expression of VEGF in U937 cell, as compared with scrambled sequence and negative control (P < 0.05). Scrambled sequence group had no significant difference compared with negative control group (P > 0.05). It is concluded that the expressions of VEGF mRNA and protein in leukemic cell line U937 are down-regulated by VEGF-ASODN.

Objective: Graft versus host disease (GVHD), a major cause of graft failure in allo-hematopoietic cell transplantation, was associated with the presence of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII), also called human leukocyte antigen (HLAII), on the tissues and organs of host. MHCII played a critical role in the induction of immune responses by presenting fragments of allo-antigenic peptides to CD(4)(+) T lymphocytes, then by resulting in CD(8)(+) T lymphocytes activation. Therefore, it was very important for compatibility of MHCII in allo-transplantation. But it was impossible to down-modulate MHCIIexpression directly. There were codominance and multiple allele for MHCII molecules which was owing to their complicated polymorphism, therefore it was difficult to repress every MHCII molecule expression. MHC class II transactivator (CIITA) was the major rate-limiting factor for both constitutive and inducible MHCIIexpression., and with rare exceptions, its expression paralleled that of MHCII transcripts. This study investigated the effect of anti-CIITA hammerhead ribozyme (Rz) on interferon (IFN)-gamma induced MHCII expression in Jukart cell line., Methods: Three hammerhead Rz specific to 134, 218, 464 sites of CIITA gene were synthesized and named as Rz134, Rz218, Rz464, respectively. Then they were cloned into the EcoRI/BamHI of vector pGEM-7zf(+). CIITA target gene was obtained from Raji cell by RT-PCR, and then inserted also into the pGEM-7zf(+) plasmid. The above recombinant plasmids were screened out by sequence analysis. Hammerhead Rz and their target RNA were transcribed and then mixed up and incubated in vitro. The cleavage products were analyzed by PAGE and silver-staining. Rz464 was selected as the one with the highest activity, and then inserted into the plasmid with internal ribosome entry site-enhanced green fluorescent protein (pIRES2-EGFP), pRz464. Stable transfectants of Jukart cell line with pRz464 (pRz464-J) were tested for classic MHCII (HLA-DR, DP, DQ) induction by recombinant human IFN-gamma. mRNA abundance of CIITA was measured by RT-PCR., Results: When induced with IFN-gamma, the expression of HLA-DR, DP, DQ in pRz464 positive (pRz464+) Jukart cells was 2.7%, 6.4% and 2.1%, respectively, and that in Jukart cells transfected by non-related ribozyme was 10.1%, 57.8% and 5.1%, respectively. Therefore, Rz464 suppressed IFN-gamma-induced up-regulation of HLA-DR, DP and DQ by 73.27%, 88.93% and 58.82%, respectively. Meanwhile, the mRNA content of CIITA was reduced significantly (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: CIITA hammerhead ribozyme transfer inhibited MHC-II expression in Jukart cells. The above result provided insight into the future application of anti-CIITA hammerhead ribozyme for the antigen-specific tolerance induction and anti-GVHD treatment in the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.