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BACKGROUND: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a common and disabling disease, which is mainly characterized by microcirculation disorders and bone cell metabolism disorders. Luzhongjiangu decoction was developed by Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine and used in the form of soup in the clinic, which has good efficacy in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. However, its mechanism of action has not been clarified. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect mechanism of Luzhongjiangu decoction on intestinal flora in rats with osteonecrosis of the femoral head based on 16S rDNA sequencing technique. METHODS: The model of osteonecrosis of the femoral head was established in Wistar rats by intragastric administration of retinoic acid. The therapeutic effect of Luzhongjiangu decoction was evaluated by serum hormone, bone histopathology and serum hormone levels. 16s rDNA sequencing technique was used to detect the intestinal flora of rats in the blank control group, model group and middle-dose Luzhongjiangu decoction group. The corresponding library was constructed and OTU clustering and microbial community diversity and abundance analysis were carried out to determine the composition of intestinal flora and the changes of species and diversity among groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Luzhongjiangu decoction could significantly increase the expression of osteocalcin, osteopontin and other osteogenic related factors, alleviate the destruction of bone trabeculae, increase bone mineral density, and had a significant therapeutic effect on osteonecrosis of the femoral head, of which the middle dose group showed the most significant effect. The results of intestinal flora sequencing showed that Luzhongjiangu decoction improved the flora disorder of rats with osteonecrosis of the femoral head to some extent, and screened out different colonies such as Bacillus, Desulfurizans, Desulfurization, Isobacteria, Bifidobacterium and so on; it could up-regulate the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium, down-regulate the abundance of harmful bacteria such as Desulfovibrio, and improve the structure of intestinal flora. Functional prediction analysis indicated that Luzhongjiangu decoction could mainly affect amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism. Correlation analysis showed that the differential bacteria of Bifidobacterium and Intestinimonas in the middle dose group of Luzhongjiangu decoction were positively correlated with vitamin D3, estradiol and calcitonin, and negatively correlated with prostaglandin E2. In the model group, Escherichia-Shigella, Desulfovibrio, Globicatella and Streptococcus were positively correlated with prostaglandin E2 and negatively correlated with vitamin D3, estradiol and calcitonin. To conclude, Luzhongjiangu decoction may play a role in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head by regulating the structure of intestinal flora, up-regulating the abundance of beneficial bacteria and affecting the secretion of vitamin D3, estradiol, calcitonin and prostaglandin E2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Diabetic osteoporosis is gaining public attention. However, few studies have reported the effect of a high-glucose environment on the osteogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and the corresponding therapeutic strategies. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether vitamin D3 can restore the osteogenic differentiation potential of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in a high)glucose environment. METHODS: The viability of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells was detected by CCK-8 assay to screen the appropriate vitamin D3 intervention concentration. Under the high-glucose environment, RT-qPCR, western blot assay, immunofluorescence, JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential, alizarin red staining, and β-galactosidase staining were used to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation potential, intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, mitochondrial membrane potential alteration, and cell senescence of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells after vitamin D3 intervention. The underlying mechanism was also discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Vitamin D3 significantly promoted the proliferation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the range of 0.1 μmol/L to 1 mmol/L. (2) High-glucose environment down-regulated the mRNA and protein level expressions of osteogenic-related genes α1-I collagen, alkaline phosphatase, Runt-associated transcription factor 2, and osteocalcin in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, which induced oxidative stress and cellular senescence. (3) Vitamin D3 at an intervention concentration of 10 μmol/L significantly restored the osteogenic phenotype of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells under high-glucose conditions and attenuated intracellular oxidative stress and cellular senescence by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. (4) These findings suggested that the osteogenic differentiation ability of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells was reduced in the high-glucose environment, and vitamin D3 could partially improve their osteogenic differentiation ability and reduce cell damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Egg quality can be divided into two aspects: External quality and internal quality. External quality is often concerned with eggshell quality and eggshell color. Internal quality is concerned with the quality of egg contents, yolk color and so on. Dietary nutrient level can affect egg quality, among which vitamin D is involved in calcium absorption and utilization, and is an essential vitamin for normal growth and bone development of poultry. Dietary supplementation of vitamin D can improve the performance and egg quality of laying hens. In the paper, the biological functions of vitamin D, the main supplemental forms and applications of vitamin D in diets, as well as the digestion, absorption and metabolism patterns in laying hens were reviewed. The research progress on the regulation of eggshell quality, eggshell color and egg content quality of vitamin D was reviewed, and the possible mechanisms of action were analyzed to provide references for improving egg quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) is a near-shore, carnivorous coldwater fish, primarily distributed in the East China Sea, Korean peninsula, Japan, and the Sea of Okhotsk. Owing to its delicious meat, strong disease resistance, rapid growth, and other characteristics, it has become one of the main cultured fish in deep water cages in northern China. A high-quality and efficient formula diet for rockfish has not been developed because of nutrient requirement deficiencies. As vitamin D3 is the most important form of vitamin D and only exists in animals, cultured fish can only obtain vitamin D3 from their diet. Vitamin D3 can maintain the mineral homeostasis in fish, participate in the endocrine system, and affect the proliferation and apoptosis of immune cells. As such, this experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin D3 on growth performance, body composition, and immune function of juvenile rockfish and determine the optimum dietary vitamin D3 requirement. Six kinds of isonitrogenous and isolipidemic diets with 707, 1254, 1740, 2513, 4519, and 8671 IU/kg of vitamin D3 were prepared by adding 0, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 IU/kg of vitamin D3 into the basic diet. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of juveniles with initial bodyweights of (20.95±0.05) g for eight weeks. The fish were challenged with Vibrio harveyi for 48 hours after feeding. Results showed that, with the increase of vitamin D3 contents, both the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate first increased and then decreased, reaching a maximum value in the 2513 IU/kg group, which was significantly higher than that in the 707 IU/kg group. The feed conversion rate first decreased and then increased and was significantly lower in the 2513 IU/kg group than other groups. Both viscerosomtic index and hepatosomatic index decreased significantly and were significantly higher in the 707 IU/kg group than in other groups. There were no significant differences in the condition factor and survival rate among all groups. The crude fat of whole fish and muscle showed an increasing trend, reaching a maximum value in the 4519 IU/kg group, which was significantly higher than 707 IU/kg group. The crude muscle protein first decreased and then increased; the 8671 IU/kg group was significantly higher than the 1740 IU/kg and 2513 IU/kg groups. The moisture, crude protein, and crude ash of whole fish, as well as the muscle moisture and crude ash, had no significant differences in concentration among all groups. The spine crude ash showed an increasing trend; the 1740~8671 IU/kg groups had significantly higher contents than the 707 IU/kg group. The calcium contents increased with the increase of dietary vitamin D3 levels. Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase activities first increased and then decreased, reaching a maximum in the 2513 IU/kg group. The malondialdehyde (MDA) contents first decreased and then increased; the 2513 IU/kg group had significantly lower content than the 707 IU/kg group. Complement 3 (C3) contents first increased and then decreased; the 707 IU/kg group had significantly lower content than the other groups. Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase first decreased and then increased, reaching minimum values in the 2513 IU/kg group. The highest cholesterol and triglyceride values were observed in the 4519 IU/kg group. The calcium (Ca2+) contents first increased with the increase of dietary vitamin D3 levels, with the 707 IU/kg group showing significantly lower content than other groups. The phosphorus and complement 4 (C4) contents were not affected by dietary vitamin D3. After the challenge, T-AOC, MDA, C3, and C4 were significantly elevated; T-AOC, C3, and C4 in the serum had maximum values in the 2513 IU/kg group, and MDA reached its minimum value in the 2513 IU/kg group. With the increase of dietary vitamin D3 content, HSP70, MYD88, IRAK4, TRAF6, and TLR2 in the liver, and head kidney increased first and then decreased before and after the challenge. Gene expression was significantly elevated after the challenge. Taking WGR as the evaluation index, a broken line regression analysis showed that the optimum dietary vitamin D3 requirement was 2 223.45 IU/kg diet for juvenile rockfish S. schlegelii with the body weight of (20.95±0.05) g.

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The clinical application of biochemical indicators of bone metabolism provides molecular biological basis for the diagnosis， differential diagnosis， prediction of fracture risk and evaluation of therapeutic effect of anti-osteoporosis treatment of osteoporosis， and has important significance in the epidemiological study of osteoporosis， pathogenesis， and development and research of osteoporosis drugs. Because of the high specificity and sensitivity of bone metabolism biochemical indicators， its application is increasingly widespread. This paper has searched a large number of Chinese and foreign literatures， compiled and reviewed the Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Bone Metabolism Biochemical Indicators （2023 Revision）， and discussed the classification of bone metabolism biochemical indicators， the methodology and biological significance of bone metabolism biochemical indicators， and the detection and variation of bone metabolism indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vitamin D3 is a kind of vitamin that plays important roles in maintaining the normal physiological function of the human body, and its metabolites and analogues exhibit strong anti-inflammatory activity. Vitamin D3 could be activated and converted into 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, a kind of steroid hormone, in the human body, which participates in the regulation of cellular metabolism by activating vitamin D receptor (a kind of transcription factor), thus exerting immunomodulatory effects. This is essential for maintaining the physiological health of the body. Currently, there is a growing number of studies that suggest important roles for 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in organ transplantation immunomodulation and tolerance. Therefore, we reviewed the overview and physiological effects of 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, the immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D3 and the application of vitamin D3 in clinical organ transplantation, and summarized the value of applying vitamin D3 in inducing immune tolerance in transplantation, with the aim of providing a reference for promoting the application of vitamin D3 in transplantation immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of different levels of vitamin D3 on contents of vitamin D3, calcium, phosphorus and egg quality in Luhua eggs. A total of 252 healthy hens aged 40 weeks were randomly divided into seven groups with 36 chickens in each group. Hens in control group were 也d a basal diet （vitamin D3 level 3 600 IU/kg）, and hens in experimental groups were fed with diets supplemented with different levels of vitamin D3 （vitamin D3 level 6 600, 9 600, 15 600, 27 600, 51 600, 99 600 IU/kg）. On the 10th, 20th and 30th day, eggs were randomly selected from each group to determine the content of vitamin D3, calcium, phosphorus in eggs and egg quality. The results showed that the vitamin D3 content in yolk was increased with increasing of dietary vitamin D3 level. The content of vitamin D3 in egg yolk of 99 600 IU/kg vitamin D3 group reached the highest on the 30th day, which was four times that of the control group. The phosphorus content in egg white of 27 600, 51 600 and 99 600 IU/kg vitamin D3 groups was significantly higher than that of control group （P<0.05）. During the experiment, the yolk color of 99 600 IU/kg vitamin D3 group was significantly higher than that of control group （P<0.05）. The experiment indicates that increasing dietary vitamin D3 content can significantly increase its enrichment in egg yolk, increase phosphorus content in egg white in high concentration group significantly, and improve egg yolk color. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of vitamin D3 on nitrogen mustard (NM)-induced keratinocyte inflammation and the role of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the process. Methods HaCaT cells were treated with 20 μmol/L NM, in the presence or absence of 10 μmol/L MCC950 (a specific inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome) or 10 μmol/L Ac-YVAD-cmk (YVAD, a specific activator of caspase-1) or 5 nmol/L vitamin D3 for 4 h. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell viability. The IL-1β content in the supernatant of cell lysate was determined by Human IL-1β ELISA kit, and the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β and COX-2 was detected by Western blotting. Results Treatment with 20 μmol/L NM had no significant effect on the viability of HaCaT cells, but remarkably up-regulated the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 p20, IL-1β and COX-2, and enhanced the accumulation of IL-1β in the culture supernatant of HaCaT cells (P < 0.05). Moreover, MCC950 or YVAD treatment abolished the above effects of NM (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, vitamin D3 treatment notably inhibited the upregulated expression of NLRP3 and caspase-1 p20, and remarkably reduced the increased expression and release of IL-1β and COX-2 in HaCaT cells induced by NM (P < 0.05). Conclusion Vitamin D3 ameliorates NM-induced keratinocytes inflammation by reducing the synthesis of inflammatory mediators through suppressing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies is the property of Editorial Department of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To observe the toxicity and organ calcification in Wistar rats with vitamin D3（VitD3）over⁃ dose. Methods Forty 6-8 weeks old male Wistar rats were divided into two groups： the VitD3 treated group and the normal control group， with 20 rats in each group. The rats in the VitD3 treated group were given VitD3 7×105 U/kg by gavage， while the rats in the normal control group were given the same volume of distilled water， once every other day， twice in total. The general condition of rats was recorded after gavage. The heart， liver， kidney， lung and blood vessels were examined by HE staining to observe the histopathological changes, the calcification of tissues was observed by alizarin red staining； the mRNA and protein expression levels of bone morphogenetic protein 2（BMP2）were detected by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results After administration with VitD3，the rats became depressed， with less food intake， dull hair and brown urine. Blood stains occurred at the corners of their mouth. After dissection， the diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage and intestinal obstruction were found. The results of HE staining and alizarin red staining showed calcification in the heart， kidney， lung and blood vessels， but no changes in liver. Results of qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry showed that： compared with the normal control group， the mRNA and protein expression levels of BMP2 in the heart， kidney， lung and blood vessels were higher in the VitD3 treated group （all P<0. 05）. Conclusion Overdose VitD3 could cause acute toxic symptoms and organ calcification in Wistar rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the effect of VD3 and its metabolites on the osteoblast differentiation and biomineralization in different concentrations. Methods Osteoblasts were isolated with collagenase digestion method . The control group, VDJ treatment group, 25(0H)VD3 treatment group, and la, 25(0H) 2VD3 treatment group were established, respectively. CCK-8 test was used to detect the proliferation rate of osteoblasts. PNPP method was used for the determination of alkaline phosphatase activity. Calcium content determination, ELISA, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to evaluate the response of osteoblasts to VD3, 25 (OH) VDJ, or la, 25 (OH) 2 VDJ. The effects of VD3 and its metabolites on the differentiation and biomineralization of osteoblasts were evaluated with osteoblast marker analysis. Results The experimental result confirmed that VD3 and its metabolites had no cytotoxicity to osteoblasts. The proliferation of osteoblasts was promoted significantly with 200 nmol/L of VD3 only. It was not promoted significantly with 25 ( OH) VD3 and 1 a, 25 (OH) 2 VD,. Moreover, 25 (OH) VDJ and 1 a, 25 (OH) 2 VDJ up-regulated the transcription activity of CYP24Al gene in osteoblasts, but did not metabolize VD3 and 25 (OH) VD3 directly. The expression of osteogenic markers (Runx2, ALP, etc.) was promoted by 25 (OH) VDJ and la, 25 (OH) 2 VD3 in a dose-dependent manner. More importantly, the gene and protein expressions of osteocalcin and the biomineralization level of osteoblasts were promoted by 25 (OH) VDJ only. Conclusion In vitro, 25 ( OH) VD3 induces osteoblast differentiation and biomineralization, which can provide evidence for its application in clinical osteoporosis and bone tissue engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Levothyroxine can significantly improve the symptoms of subclinical hypothyroidism, and some studies have pointed out that levothyroxine can partially improve the abnormal bone metabolism of experimental rats, but the therapeutic effect of levothyroxine on subclinical hypothyroid osteoporosis is rarely studied. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of aerobic exercise combined with levothyroxine and vitamin D3 on the symptoms of osteoporosis in subclinical hypothyroidism rats. METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into blank control group, sham-operated group and model group. The thyroid function was measured to determine whether the model was successfully established. The model group rats were further divided into eight groups: non-treatment group, exercise group, L-thyroxine group, vitamin D3 group, exercise + levothyroxine group, exercise + vitamin D3 group, levothyroxine + vitamin D3 group and exercise + levothyroxine + vitamin D3 group, with another normal control group. At the 52th day after treatments, the bone resorption markers, β isomer of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRACP-5b), and the bone formation markers, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BLAP), type I procollagen amino-terminal propeptide (PINP), and serum osteocalcin (BGP) were detected. Bone mineral density of the rat skull, spine, upper limb and lower limb was scanned. Serum calcium and phosphorus levels and cathepsin K level in the right femur were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin staining of the rat femoral head was performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At the modeling stage, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level of rats in the model group was significantly higher than that in the sham-operated group and blank control group (P < 0.05). But there was no significant difference in serum T3 and T4 among the groups, indicating that the subclinical hypothyroidism rat model was successfully established. After treatment, compared with the rats without levothyroxine treatment, serum TSH levels in the rats of the levothyroxine group, the levothyroxine + vitamin D3 group, the exercise + levothyroxine group and the exercise + levothyroxine + vitamin D3 group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), while the levels of T3 and T4 were not significantly changed. But the levels of β-CTx, TRACP-5b, BLAP, PINP, BGP and BMD in rats with levothyroxine treatment were significantly increased compared with those without levothyroxine treatment (P < 0.05). And the rats in the exercise + L-thyroxine + vitamin D3 group had the most significant improvement on the bone metabolism indexes and BMD (P < 0.05). Serum calcium and phosphorus levels of the rats in the levothyroxine + vitamin D3 group and the exercise + levothyroxine + vitamin D3 group were significantly higher than those in other groups with no vitamin D3 (P < 0.05). The rats in the levothyroxine group, the exercise + levothyroxine group, the levothyroxine + vitamin D3 and the exercise + levothyroxine group + vitamin D3 had the lower level of Cathepsin K level in femoral tissue than those in the other groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, the morphology of bone trabecular tissue was significantly improved in the rats with levothyroxine treatment than those with no levothyroxine treatment. To conclude, subclinical hypothyroidism can lead to osteoporosis in rats. Supplementation of levothyroxine is the most critical step of the treatments. Vitamin D3 can relieve osteoporosis by increasing serum calcium and phosphorus levels. Aerobic exercise can significantly enhance the improvement effect of levothyroxine and vitamin D3 on subclinical hypothyroidism osteoporosis. Therefore, comprehensive treatment of levothyroxine, vitamin D3 and aerobic exercise should be emphasized in the treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives; To explore the application value of bone mineral density test in early diagnosis of rickets. Methods: 600 infants and young children diagnosed and treated in the outpatient department of Harrison International Peace Hospital in Hengshui City were collected and divided into non-rickets group and rickets group with serum vitamin D3<27.5 nmol/L as the criterion. vitamin D3, bone alkaline phosphatase and bone mineral density of the infants and young children in the two groups were compared, ROC curves of diagnosis results of vitamin D3, bone alkaline phosphatase and bone mineral density were drawn, and the bone mineral density test results were evaluated. Results: Vitamin D 3 and bone mineral density Z values of infants in rickets group were significantly lower than those in non-rickets group, and bone alkaline phosphatase was significantly higher than that in non-rickets group (P<0.05). The area under ROC curve of vitamin D3 in the diagnosis of rickets was 0.951, the sensitivity was 0.973, and the specificity was 0.840. The area under ROC curve of bone alkaline phosphatase in the diagnosis of rickets was 0.866, the sensitivity was 0.824, and the specificity was 0.747. The area under ROC curve for diagnosing rickets with bone density Z value was 0.923, the sensitivity was 0.826, and the specificity was 0.875. There is no statistical significance between the area under curve for diagnosing rickets with bone density index and vitamin D3(P>0.05), but the area under the curve of bone mineral density index in diagnosis of rickets was larger than that of bone alkaline phosphatase (P<0.05). Conclusions: Ultrasonic bone density detection has certain value in the early diagnosis of infantile rickets. Its diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy are equal to vitamin D3 and bone density detection with the advantages of non-invasive and high repeatability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the effect of quercetin on bone metabolism in osteoporotic elderly patients treated with bisphosphonates. Methods Two hundred and sixteen senile patients with osteoporosis (admission time: 2017.1-2018.1) were divided into routine control group (108 cases, treated with bisphosphonates + bone health supplement for 6 months) and quercetin supplement group (108 cases, treated with bisphosphonates + bone health supplement + quercetin for 6 months). The differences of subjective and objective efficacy (total effective rate, ODI score, SF-36 score, and VAS visual score), bone mineral density, and bone metabolic index (CTX-1, BALP, BGP, t PINP, PTH) between the conventional control group and quercetin supplement group were analyzed. Results Compared with those before the treatment, BMD, BALP, and SF-36 scores of the distal forearm in both quercetin supplementation group and conventional control group increased, while VAS, ODI score, and bone metabolic index (PTH, BGP, CTX-1, t PINP) decreased (all P < 0.05). BMD, BALP, and SF-36 of the distal forearm in quercetin supplementation group increased more (all P<0.05), and VAS, ODI, and bone metabolism index (PTH, BGP, CTX-1, t PINP) decreased more. The total clinical effective rate of quercetin supplementation group (87.04%) was significantly better than that of routine control group (68.52%, P<0.05). Conclusion Quercetin supplementation can significantly relieve the abnormal level of bone mineral density, pain symptom, dysfunction, and bone metabolism in elderly patients with osteoporosis, and improve the quality of life of the patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bone metabolism biochemical markers included calcium and phosphorus metabolism indicators, bone formation markers,bone resorption markers, hormone and cytokine. The bone metabolism biochemical markers were derived from the bone, cartilage, soft tissue, skin, liver, kidney, small intestine, blood, endocrine glands, and so on. They were enzymes and hormones secreted by osteoblasts or osteoclasts, and the product or non-collagen proteins of metabolic bone collagen matrix. The bone metabolism biochemical markers could reflect the state of bone turnover promptly, with high sensitivity and specificity, it had been used in osteoporosis diagnosis, prediction of fracture risk, curative effect observation of drug treatment, and the differential diagnosis of metabolic bone disease. And it had important clinical significance in epidemiology, pathogenesis and drug research of osteoporosis.In this paper, the "Expert consensus on clinical application of biochemical indicators of bone metabolism(2019)"was revised, A total of 41 amendments were made, the classic literature was retained, some contents were deleted, and the literature for the past three years was added. The experimental reference range of the bone metabolism index were collected and sorted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of South China Fisheries Science is the property of South China Fisheries Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To develop a method for the determination and impurity analysis of vitamin D3 soft capsules with soybean oil matrix in reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) system. Methods RP-HPLC system had Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) with detection wavelength of 265 nm, column temperature of 25 °C and flow rate of 1 mL/min. Retention behaviors of vitamin D3 and its 3 isomers were studied by altering the mobile phase. Firstly, acetonitrile was mixed with different proportions of methanol, water and ethanol as the mobile phase to investigate the effects of these 4 mobile phase components on the retention behavior of vitamin D3 and its 3 main related substances (isomers) on a C18 column. Then, a suitable mobile phase was selected for content determination and impurity analysis according to the retention behavior study. Results The recovery was only 80.55%-84.37% with 100% acetonitrile as the mobile phase.The addition of ethanol in acetonitrile was found to make remarkably significant improvement. Recovery rate was achieved between 98.07% and 103.23% with V (acetonitrile): V (ethanol)=90:10 as the mobile phase, while improving peak shape. The method showed good linearity ［(0.52-5.2)×10 -4 μmol/L, R2>0.999］ and fine density (RSD<2.32%) which can be used for determination. For impurities profile, it could be achieved using V (acetonitrile):V (water)=95:5 as the mobile phase which can obviate interference from soybean oil matrix. Conclusions The method established in this experiment can easily and accurately determine the content and impurity analysis of vitamin D3 soft capsules with soybean oil matrix in a RP-HPLC system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pathogenesis of osteoporosis was influenced by both genetic and environmental effects，and is closely related to the genes，receptors，and cytokines． This article reviewed the recent hot topics in the field of osteoporosis，combing out the main candidate genes for osteoporosis: calcium and phosphorus metabolism regulating hormones and their receptor genes，sex hormones and their receptor genes，cytokines and their receptor genes，type I collagen gene，used in basic research and clinical research． It provided molecular biology basis for the early prevention，early treatment and anti-osteoporosis drug development of osteoporosis． [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery is the property of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, College of Stomatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the effect of vitamin D3 on mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetic mice and explore its possible mechanism., Methods: Male db/db mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: the diabetes mellitus (DM) group, the low dose [250 IU/(kg·d)], medium dose [500 IU/ (kg·d)] and high dose [1 000 IU/(kg·d)] vitamin D3 intervention groups. The db/m mice were enrolled as the normal control group. The mice in vitamin D3 groups were gavaged with corresponding concentration of vitamin D3 in corn oil, and the mice in the normal control group and the DM group were gavaged with corn oil. After being fed for 16 weeks, fasting blood glucose of mice in each group was measured at the end of 0, 4, 8 and 16 weeks, and the new object recognition experiment was conducted at the end of 16 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the hippocampi and cortices of mice in each group were collected, and the concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) in the hippocampal tissues of mice in each group were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) in the hippocampal tissues of the mice., Results: Compared with the normal control group, the fasting blood glucose of mice in DM group was significantly increased ( P < 0.01). The exploration and discrimination index (DI) in the new object recognition experiment were significantly decreased ( P < 0.05). The concentrations of 5-HT in the hippocampal tissues of mice were significantly decreased ( P < 0.01). The concentrations of IL-18 in cortical tissues of mice were significantly increased ( P < 0.01) and the positive expression of NLRP3 in the hippocampal tissues was higher. However, compared with the DM group, the fasting blood glucose of mice was significantly decreased in the medium and high dose vitamin D3 groups at the end of 8 and 16 weeks ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The exploration and DI of mice in the new object recognition experiment were significantly increased in high dose vitamin D3 group ( P < 0.05). The concentrations of 5-HT in hippocampal tissues were significantly increased ( P < 0.01) and the concentrations of IL-18 in cortical tissues were significantly decreased in the medium and high dose vitamin D3 groups ( P < 0.01). The positive expression of NLRP3 in hippocampal tissues was reduced in all the vitamin D3 groups., Conclusion: Vitamin D3 might reduce the inflammatory response by inhibiting the activity of NLRP3, and thus ameliorating mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetic mice.

Vitamin D3was a naturally fat-soluble vitamin，belong to steroid hormone． Vitamin D receptor (VDR) was expressed in a variety of human organizations and cells． Vitamin D3 played an important physiological role in the human body and participated in physiological and pathological processes such as immune response，cell growth，differentiation and apoptosis． Its role was mainly on the bone，was an important regulatory bone metabolism hormone． had an important role on the skin tissue，skeletal muscle，immune system，nerve tissue，cardiovascular，reproductive organs，and so on． It had an important and far-reaching significance in-depth study of vitamin D3 and the mechanism of human disease，and the study of osteoporosis caused by vitamin D3 deficiency，and the prevention，treatment of vitamin D3 metabolism-related diseases． This article reviewed the physiological effects of vitamin D3 ， epidemiological studies，the relationship between vitamin D3 and osteoporosis and clinical research prospects． [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the effect of total isoflavones of pueraria combined with vitD3 on bone microarchitecture in ovariectomy rats，and to investigate whether combination of the two drugs had a synergistic effect． Methods Three-month-old healthy female SD rats were randomly divided into OVX group and Sham group．The osteoporosis model was established by removing the ovaries of the rats． After 3-month of the operation，the animals were redivided into Sham group，OVX group，OVX + TIP group，and OVX + TIP + VitD3 group，with 6 rats in each group． Ｒats were administered the drug orally for 2 months． The serum，tibia，and femur were collected． Serum E2 was detected，and the structure of bone tissue was observed and detected with pathological image analysis system． Ｒesults The serum E2 in OVX rats was significantly lower than that in Sham group． The serum E2 increased after administration of TIP，but there was no significant difference of E2 between OVX + TIP group and OVX + TIP + VitD3 group (P ＞ 0. 05) ． The percentage of trabecular bone，trabecular bone volume，and thickness of trabecular bone in OVX rats was significantly lower than that in Sham group，but the spacing of bone was significantly higher than that in Sham group (P ＜ 0. 01) ． The percentage of trabecular bone，trabecular bone volume，and the thickness of bone in OVX + TIP group was significantly higher than that in OVX group，but the spacing of bone was significantly smaller than that in OVX group (P ＜ 0. 05) . There was significant difference in the static index of bone morphology between OVX + TIP group and Sham group，but no significant difference in the static index of bone morphology between OVX + TIP + VitD3 group and Sham group． Conclusion The repair effect of puerarin combined with VitD3 on bone tissue in ovariectomized rats is superior to that of puerarin alone． [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the gender differences of serum vitamin D3 level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods According to WHO1999 year on diabetes diagnosis standard of diabetes. The biochemical indexes of thyroid function and the parameters of the human body, etc. were detected. The correlation of the serum vitamin D3 level in patients with different gender and each index was analyzed. Results VitD3 was associated with gender, duration of diabetes, T3, FT3, smoking history was, in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the group of VitD3 was correlated with FT3, there was a correlation between type 2 diabetic women with T3. Conclusion Serum vitamin D3 level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus has gender difference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the influence and clinical significance of proteasome inhibitor on serum bone metabolite markers including tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b isoenzyme (TRACP-5b), type I collagen carboxy terminal peptide β(β-CTX), type I procollagen amino terminal prolongation peptide (PINP) and vitamin D3 in patients with myeloma bone disease (MBD). Methods: From April 2015 to June 2018, 68 patients with newly diagnosed MBD who admitted to our hospital were treated with proteasome inhibitor-based regimen. Serum concentration of TRACP-5b、β-CTX、PINP and vitamin D3 were measured before treatment and after 4 and 8 cycles of chemotherapy, and imaging changes were observed. Results: After 4 and 8 cycles of chemotherapy, serum levels of TRACP-5b, β-CTX and vitamin D3 were decreased significantly ( P< 0.05). The serum concentration of PINP was (78.1±44.9) ng/L before chemotherapy, while after 4 cycles, it turned to (94.5±56.1) ng/L without significant difference ( t= -1.871, P= 0.063). Moreover, it increased to (173.3±80.5) ng/L after 8 cycles of chemotherapy with significant difference ( t= -8.272, P< 0.001). The proportion of imaging classification ≥3 among all patients was 66.2%, and it decreased to 60.3% after 4 cycles of chemotherapy without significant difference (χ(2)=0.569, P= 0.477). The proportion of imaging classification ≥3 after 8 cycles of chemotherapy decreased to 44.5%, which was significantly lower than that before treatment (χ(2)=6.260, P= 0.012). After 8 cycles of chemotherapy, 63 patients were evaluable, of which 50 were effective and 13 were ineffective. Serum concentration of PINP in the effective group was higher than that in the ineffective group ((190.7±78.5) ng/L vs (106.5±47.3) ng/L, t= 5.762, P< 0.001), and the serum concentration of vitamin D3 in the effective group was lower than that in the ineffective group ((11.7±4.8) μg/L vs (15.6±5.5) μg/L, t= -2.478, P= 0.016). The proportion of patients with more than grade 3 bone disease of the effective group was also significantly lower than that of the ineffective group (38.0% vs 69.2%, χ(2)=4.076, P= 0.044). There was no significant difference in the serum concentration of TRACP-5b and β-CTX between two groups. Conclusion: After treatment with the proteasome inhibitor -based regimen, the serum concentrations of TRACP-5b, β-CTX and vitamin D3, which reflect osteoclast activity in MBD patients were decreased, the serum concentration of PINP indicating osteoblast activity was increased, and the grade of imaging of bone disease was decreased.

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