Search

High-precision measurement and record for temperature is needed in oxidation kinetics testing for coal spontaneous combustion tendency. Therefore, temperature measurement circuit was designed with high-resolution AD converter AD7714 and three-wire Pt100 thermal resistance as temperature sensor; method of piecewise linear interpolation is adopted for interpolation operation of output value to solve problem of non-strict linearity between input and output caused by nonlinearity of devices. The experiment result shows that AD sampling resolution of the circuit is high up to 0.006 7 ℃, meeting design requirements, and the experiment data has high stability and repeatability.

The paper proposed a design scheme of oxidation kinetics testing equipment for coal spontaneous combustion tendency on the basis of oxidation kinetics testing method of coal spontaneous combustion tendency, and introduced working principle of the equipment, selection of gas source, design of supply equipment of standard gas, building of coal sample response, type selection of gas analyzing instrument and design of control and displaying board. The experiment showed that the equipment can realize functions of automatic sampling, automatic analysis and on-line collection, and the experimental result is repeatable excellently, which verifies stability of the equipment.

Aiming at the complexity of coal structure and reaction, based on the analysis of active group species, structure and its transformation characteristics in coal reaction, the paper comprehensively constructed the active structural unit in the process of coal spontaneous combustion for the first time. Using the frontier orbital theory and quantum chemical calculation to analysis the complete reaction path, activation energy and the heat release of electron transfer in reactions of the active site, the 13 elementary reaction were obtained. The order and relationship of the reactions in coal spontaneous combustion was also built. Based on the research results, the coal oxidation dynamics theory was presented in the paper, which is a chemical chain cycle caused by oxygen with low activation energy, and converts the coal native structure to carbon free radicals releasing the gaseous products. The reaction mechanism of heat and products was illustrated in the oxidation dynamics theory of coal spontaneous combustion. The theory was successfully applicated in categorizing the spontaneous combustion tendency of coal and developing highly-effective chemical inhibition technology to prevent coal spontaneous combustion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To solve the problem of high dust concentration caused by rock tunnel excavation, in view of the characteristics of dust produced and analyzing the processes of roadheader cutting rock, the paper used Fluent software to carry on numerical simulation of dust movement and analyse the dust characteristics of motion and concentration distribution. Simultaneously, this paper designed the foam dust suppression system applied to fully mechanize large cross-section rock tunnel excavation on the principle of foam dust suppression, and put it into application at the driving face of the north main haulage roadway in Zhuxianzhuang Coal Mine, Huaibei Mining Co., Ltd. The results show that the dust concentration on the exhaust section of the driving face, reaches a maximum at the leeward side of dust source. Foam making by the foam dust suppression system can enclose roadheader's cutting head and cover palisades, reaching the results of wetting rock, reducing dust content, depressing the generation of dust and blocking the spreading alleyway. The average dust-settling effect is 86. 2% and 84. 4% for the total dust and respirable dust, and the effect is 3. 6 and 4. 6 times comparing with water spray, achieving a good effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To investigate the expression and distribution of Claudin-1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and to evaluate the relationship with clinicopathological parameters. METHODS: The expression of Claudin-1 in 67 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and 10 specimens of oral pericancerous epithelium was detected by immunohistochemical staining method. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 13.0 software package. RESULTS: The expression of Claudin-1 in oral epithelium was strongly positive. The expression intensity was similar in well-differentiated tumors while Claudin-1 was mainly expressed in the cytomembranes. The expression in moderately and poorly differentiated tumors was located in cytoplasm with a trend of descending. Claudin -1 expression was prone to be enhanced in the interstitial fibroplasia regions and also in the regions of homeocyte aggregation. In OSCC, Claudin-1 expression was significantly related to clinical stage, histological grade and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The expression of Claudin-1 was greatly reduced in stage III+IV tumors compared to that in stage I + II ones. The expression in moderately and poorly differentiated tumors was significantly reduced compared to that in well-differentiated ones. Decreased expression was in cases with cervical lymph node metastasis compared with non-metastasis ones. CONCLUSIONS: Various expressions of Claudin-1 were found in different clinical stage and histological grade while the expression descended with the degrade of the differentiation degree, and the expression of Claudin-1 was influenced by the microenvironment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to obtain the optimal key structure parameters of foam nozzle applied to dust control underground coal mine, the design principle of foam nozzle was elaborated. Meanwhile the compressibility of foam was defined and the calculation formula about volume change of foam caused by pressure variation was deduced. From the formula, the volume expansion would occur when the foam flows out the pipeline, if the two gaps were set at the pipeline end symmetrically, the fan-shaped diffusion would appear along the gaps because of the volume expansion. Based on these principles, the internal structure of the nozzle was designed and the key structure parameters were theoretically calculated. By using the experimental system constructed in the lab, a series of optimized experiments were carried out, and the optimum sizes of the key structure parameters were obtained. The foam nozzle with optimum structure parameters was produced, and the simulation spraying experiments and the practical application were carried out using the produced foam nozzle. The results of experiments and application show that the foam nozzle has the advantages, such as large flow quantity, far jetting distance, uniform dispersion and wide diffusion range. Furthermore, the foam spraying from the foam nozzle can effectively cover the dust sources, which will have a remarkable effect on dust control at working face underground coal mines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of interventional embolization in the treatment of frontal arteriovenous malformation (AVM)., Methods: A retrospective study was used to analyze 9 patients with frontal AVM who were treated in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. The patients were treated with interventional embolization under the guidance of DSA. The scope of lesions was observed through DSA, and the injection dose of sclerosing agent was predicted so that the drug could be injected into the lesion cavity. The efficacy, adverse reactions and complications of all patients were observed and analyzed., Results: Among the 9 patients, there were 7 males(77.8%) and 2 females(22.2%), aged from 1.5-20 years old. Local swelling or mass was the main reported symptom(66.7%). The blood supply arteries of the cases involved in this study included superficial temporal artery and ophthalmic artery. All patients received interventional embolization treatment under general anesthesia, a total of 19 times (each patient received 1-6 times, average 2.1 times/person), and the average single dose of absolute ethanol was 9.0 mL. A total of 80 coils (4.2 coils/time on average) were used for 5 times (80 coils/19 times) with absolute ethanol embolization. In addition, bleomycin was used 3 times, pingyangmycin was used 2 times, and 3% polydocanol was used 1 time to assist embolization. Among the 9 cases included in this study, 4 cases were cured, 3 cases were basically cured, 2 cases were improved, and the effective rate of treatment was 100%. No local or systemic complications were reported in all patients., Conclusions: In the treatment of frontal arteriovenous malformation, correct diagnosis according to clinical and imaging manifestations, and interventional embolization with anhydrous ethanol according to DSA angiography results can reduce trauma, improve symptoms, control lesions, and obtain relatively satisfactory treatment results. This scheme is safe and effective.

The liver X receptors (LXRs) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. The activated LXRs have a variety of biological functions, for instance they can not only regulate the metabolism of cholesterol, fatty acids and glucose, but also play an important role in immune inflammatory response. Massive studies have shown that LXRs are involved in the occurrence and progress of inflammatory-related diseases, and can inhibit the inflammation of some inflammatory-related diseases in the nervous system, the respiratory system, and the cardiovascular system. In this review, we summarized the recent progress regarding LXRs in inflammatory-related diseases, including the structure, function and anti-inflammatory mechanism of LXRs, in order to provide new methods for preventing and treating inflammatory-related diseases.

Two hundred autopsy cases that died from cranio-cerebral injury were analyzed on the damage characteristics caused by different instruments. The injury mechanism was then classified according to beating direction, sequence, as well as baring spot of injury, which is seek to serve for the estimation of wounding instruments and determination of the character of case.

Objective: To investigate the effects of ulinastatin (UTI) on cerebral inflammatory response during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)., Methods: Twenty-four NYHA II-III patients (13 males and 11 females) aged 23-45 years, undergoing elective cardiac valve replacement under hypothermic CPB were randomly divided into 2 groups: ulinastatin group (Group U, n=12) and control group (Group C, n=12). In group U, UTI (1.2 x 10(4) U/kg) was given intravenously after the induction of anesthesia, 0.6 x 10(4) U/kg UTI was added to the priming solution, and 0.6 x 10(4) U/kg UTI was given about 5 min before the aortic decamping. In Group C, normal saline was given instead of UTI. Internal jugular vein was cannulated and the catheter was advanced retrogradely till jugular bulb. Blood samples were taken simultaneously from artery and jugular bulb after induction of anesthesia (T1), 60 min (T2) and 6 h (T3) after discontinuation of CPB for determination of TNFalpha, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10. The juguloarterial gradients of these cytokines (deltaTNFalpha, deltaIL-6, deltaIL-8, and deltaIL-10) were calculated., Results: In Group C, arterial levels of TNFalpha, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 at T2 and T3, deltaTNFalpha, deltaIL-8 and deltaIL-10 at T2, deltaTNFalpha, deltaIL-6 and deltaIL-10 at T3 significantly increased (P < 0.01). deltaIL-8 increased at T3 (P < 0.05). In Group U, arterial levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 at T2, arterial levels of IL-6, IL-8,IL-L-10 and deltaTNFalpha, deltaIL-8 at T3 significantly increased (P < 0.01). Arterial levels of TNFalpha at T2 and T3, deltaTNFalpha, deltaIL-10 at T2, deltaIL-6 at T3 increased (P < 0.05). Arterial levels of TNFalpha, IL-6 and deltaTNFalpha, deltaIL-8 at T2, arterial levels of TNFalpha and deltaIL-6 at T3 in Group U were lower than those in Group C (P < 0.05). Arterial levels of IL-6 at T3, IL-8 at T2 and T3 in Group U were significantly lower than those in Group C (P < 0.01). Arterial levels of IL-10 and deltaIL-10 at T3 in Group U were higher than those in Group C (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Systemic and cerebral activation of inflammatory response during CPB can be alleviated by ulinastatin.

Objective: To investigate whether the separating brachial plexus block combined with preoperative analgesia by patient controlled analgesia (PCA) can be applied in tendon repair and postoperative active or passive functional exercise., Methods: Two hundred and ten cases with tendon injury were randomly divided into 3 groups and all of the patients were administered Bupivacaine (0.25%), Papaverine (0.0625 mg/ml), and Dexamethasone (0.25 mg/ml) in separating brachial plexus block through axillary approach. Group A was control group, and preoperative analgesia was not applied. Preoperative analgesia was applied in group B and C. Tramadol and Ondansetron were administered in group B, Midazolam was administered besides Tramadol and Ondansetron in group C. The injection volume in the PCIA pump was increased to 100 ml by mixing physiologic saline. The pump was started after separating brachial plexus block in velocity of 2 ml/h, and its maintenance time was 48 h. The effect of separating brachial plexus block at 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 h after finishing brachial plexus block was compared. The VAS, Ramesay assessment scoring were recorded at 0, 12, 24 and 48 h after starting pump., Results: In each group, the effect of motor block became greater in the ascending order from 1, 2 to 3 h after finishing brachial plexus block, and less in the descending order from 3, 6 to 12 h after finishing brachial plexus block. Only at 6 and 12 h after finishing brachial plexus block, the effect of motor block of group B and group C was significantly less than that of group A (P < 0.05, < 0.01), the effect of motor block of group C was less than that of group B (P > 0.05). The effect of sensory block in the patients of all 3 groups was satisfactory. The VAS, Ramesay assessment scoring, effect of analgesia and sedation at 24 and 48 h after starting pump became greater in the ascending order from group A to group C, in which group B and group C were significantly greater than group A (P < 0.01)., Conclusions: The separating brachial plexus block combined with preoperative analgesia by 2 kinds of PCIA dispensation can be both applied in tendon repair, but the separating effect of brachial plexus block of group B was superior to the group C.