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Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of nalbuphine for dural puncture epidural labor analgesia. Methods A total of 319 primiparous women with a full-term single fetus who received trial of labor were enrolled, and according to the drug used for analgesia, they were divided into sufentanil group (group A with 160 women) and nalbuphine group (group B with 159 women). The women in both groups were given dural puncture epidural labor analgesia, during which 3 mL of 1.5% lidocaine was injected after epidural catheter placement, and then the women in group A were given injection of 0.5 mg/L sufentanil combined with 1 mg/L ropivacaine, while those in group B were given injection of 0.3 g/L nalbuphine combined with 1 mg/L ropi-vacaine, with an initial volume of 6-15 mL. After 30 minutes, an electronic analgesia pump was connected for both groups, and sufentanil and nalbuphine were used for patient-controlled epidural analgesia, respectively. The following indicators were collected and observed: Onset time of analgesia, time of first patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pressing, number of effective PCA pres-sings, and amount of ropivacaine used; Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score and Ramsay sedation score before analgesia (T0), at 30 minutes after analgesia (T1), at the time of uterine opening (T2), and during labor (T3); incidence rates of adverse reactions in parturients, including pyrexia, nausea and vomiting, skin pruritus, and postoperative headache; the incidence rate of fetal heart rate deceleration, the proportion of neonates with 1 min Apgar score ≤7 points, umbilical arterial blood gas analysis, and neonatal neurological and adaptive capacity scores. Results Compared with group A, group B had significant reductions in the incidence rates of vomiting and nausea, skin pruritus, fetal heart rate deceleration, and neonatal 1 min Apgar score ≤7 (χ2=4.159-5.628,P0.05). Conclusion For dural puncture epidural labor analgesia, nalbuphine has a similar analgesic effect to sufentanil in the first stage of labor, with a poorer effect in the second stage of labor, but it can reduce analgesia-related adverse reactions in parturients and has a relatively favorable safety profile in neonates.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a pivotal determinant for wastewater discharge compliance standards. A comprehensive analysis of the molecular composition of DOM is imperative for its efficient removal. In this study, wastewater from a natural gas purification plant was investigated. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and three-dimensional excitation-emission-matrix spectra (3D-EEMs) were employed to analyze the fluorescence properties, molecular composition, mass-to-charge ratio, and molecular transformations of DOM during the oxidation process at molecular level. The 3D-EEM results indicated wastewater was dominated by humic substances, followed by fulvic acid substances. O3/H2O2 oxidation reduced the fluorescence intensity of humic substances, while DOM degradation was constrained by the reaction characteristics of ozone with electron-rich organic compounds. In contrast,the O3/H2O2-Fenton combined oxidation significantly reduced the overall fluorescence intensity, and effectively removed humic-like substances. FT-ICR MS results revealed that O3/H2O2 oxidation removed part of CHO and CHON type DOM, while the removal efficiency for CHOS and CHONS types was less pronounced. Polycyclic aromatic and highly unsaturated compounds were transformed into aliphatic compounds by ozone, with increase of the oxygen content of CHO type DOM. O3/H2O2-Fenton oxidation exhibited superior removal efficiency for CHOS and CHONS type DOM, which almost eliminated polyphenolic compounds and generated DOM with lower oxygen content and higher saturation. Furthermore, the combined oxidation process significantly mitigated ultrafiltration membrane fouling with removing a substantial portion of reversible and irreversible fouling.

For the purpose of the peaceful, safe and reliable application of nuclear technology, the monitoring of radioactive gas is one of the most important items for on-site inspection of CTBTO and safety monitoring of nuclear installations, which could rapidly and correctly discriminate nuclear activity of violation treaty of CTBT (Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty) and identify the leakage of nuclear installations. Since radio-xenon isotopes (mainly 131m,133,133m,135Xe) have distinguished features including high fission yields, leaking easily and spreading worldwide, notable decay properties and low ambient concentrations, which are seen as important monitoring objects. Based on the proposed principle combined with these techniques including dynamic adsorption at -110 ℃ ultra low temperature, impurity removal with hollow fiber membranes, and gamma spectrum monitoring with low background, a rapid and highly sensitive on-site automatic monitoring system for radioxenon was developed, which could sample, separate and measure radioxenon on-site with a rapid and efficient way. During the development process, the technological flow diagram for whole system was established, and the critical hardware components including impurity removal column, adsorption column, lead shield chamber, and sample container were designed. And then these elements were assembled as four modules about sampling, preprocessing, refrigeration and measurement units combined with other components such as three hollow fiber membranes, four flowmeters, two pressure sensors and a HPGe detector and so on. Meanwhile, two control softwares including upper computer and off-line control versions were designed. And the methods of efficiency calibration, recovery test, calculation of activity concentration and MDC (minimum detectable activity) of xenon, and uncertainty evaluation were studied. Then these parameters were tested including detection efficiency, recovery of stable xenon, MDCs of 133Xe and 135Xe, and uncertainties of measuring results. The experimental results show that the recovery of stable xenon is 79.9%, the MDC of 133Xe is less than 0.26 Bq/m3 within a 120 min cycle including sampling, enrichment and measurement, when the activity concentration of 222Rn and sampling volume are 20 Bq/m3 and 2 m3, respectively. Compared with technical specifications of other systems, the elapsed time of a cycle of the system developed in this paper decreases larger than 10 times of SAUNA-OSI and XESPM-Ⅲ systems, while the MDC of the systems is smaller than other rapid systems. Because this developed system has following features about high sensitivity, shorter monitoring period, automation during total process, it will provide a dominant and straightforward contribution to the on-site inspection (OSI) of CTBT, safety monitoring of the gaseous effluents and emergency monitoring for nuclear facilities, and will be a powerful supplement for current monitoring technique and systems.

预防卒中的发生和复发是缺血性脑血管病防治的首要任务，多发脑血管狭窄合并主动脉弓溃疡斑块的患者缺血性卒中复发的风险显著升高。本文介绍1例普罗布考联合阿托伐他汀治疗多发脑血管狭窄合并主动脉弓溃疡斑块患者的发病和治疗情况。该例患者表现为轻度神经功能缺损，住院期间发现多发脑血管狭窄合并主动脉弓溃疡斑块，在序贯双联抗血小板治疗3个月后持续阿司匹林单药抗血小板治疗，并全程联合普罗布考和阿托伐他汀强化降脂、抗氧化治疗，随访25个月，无卒中复发，且各项影像学和血液学检查指标保持稳定。 Abstract: Preventing the occurrence and recurrence of stroke is the top priority of the treatment strategy for ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Patients with multiple cerebral vascular stenosis and aortic arch ulcer plaques have a significantly increased risk of recurrent ischemic stroke. This paper introduces a case of probucol combined with atorvastatin in the treatment of multiple cerebral vascular stenosis with aortic arch ulcer plaque. This acute ischemic stroke patient presented with mild neurological impairment. During his hospitalization, multiple cerebral vascular stenosis and aortic arch ulcer plaques were discovered. After 3 months of sequential dual antiplatelet therapy, aspirin therapy was continued and combined with probucol and atorvastatin throughout the course for enhanced lipid-lowering antioxidant therapy. After 25 months of follow-up, there was no recurrence of stroke in this patient, and all imaging and hematological indicators remained stable.

【Objective】 To investigate the spatial and temporal variation patterns of net primary productivity (NPP) of vegetation and its influencing factors in the Manas River basin, Xinjiang. 【Method】 Based on MODIS remote sensing data as well as topography, meteorological factors and human activity data, the spatial and temporal change characteristics of NPP in the Manas River basin and its driving factors from 2001 to 2021 were analyzed by using slope trend analysis, correlation analysis and geoprobe. 【Result】 From 2001 to 2021, the multi-year average NPP in the Manas River basin was 125.63 g C/(m2·a), with a minimum of 98.80 g C/(m2·a) in 2008 and a maximum of 163.98 g C/(m2·a) in 2016, and the NPP generally showed an inter-annual increasing trend. The spatial distribution pattern of NPP in the Manas River basin was characterized by low in the Northern and Southern regions and high in the central region, with nearly 63.84% of the regions showing an increasing trend in NPP, of which 26.98% of the regions showed a significant increase in NPP (P land use > precipitation > slope > GDP > temperature > population density > nighttime light, among which the interaction between elevation and land use had the greatest influence on NPP. 【Conclusion】 The NPP in Manas River basin has obvious spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics, and elevation, land use and precipitation have important effects on the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of NPP.

Objective To report the genetic information of a patient with non-classic 21 hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) for enriching the genetic database of this disease. Methods The clinical data and gene sequencing results of a patient with non-classic 21-OHD admitted to our hospital were collected. The patient’s relatives underwent high-throughput CYP21A2 gene sequencing using peripheral blood. At the same time, a literature review was performed. Results This 16-year-old female patient presented with clitoral hypertrophy, primary amenorrhea, hirsutism, acne, and growth acceleration during pre-puberty with advanced bone age. Gene testing results showed that the CYP21A2 gene had two compound heterozygous mutations: A missense mutation, c.1451G>A (p:R484Q); and a deletion mutation, deletion exon 1-3. Her relatives’ sequencing results indicated that the missense mutation c.1451G>A (p:R484Q) originated from her maternal grandfather and mother, and the deletion mutation deletion exon 1-3 inherited from her paternal grandmother and father. Conclusion We discovered a case of non-classic 21-OHD caused by new compound heterozygous gene mutations, which enriched the pathogenic mutation database of 21-OHD and could help improve clinicians’ understanding of the disease.

Background and purpose: Bladder cancer is one of the common tumor of the urinary system. The protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) has been reported in gastrointestinal tumors, but its biological role and mechanism in bladder cancer are still unknown. In this study, the effect of PRMT7 on the proliferation and migration of human bladder cancer cells and its possible mechanism were investigated. Methods: Human bladder cancer cell lines 5637, T24, RT112, UM-UC-3 and ureteral epithelial immortalized cells SV-HUC-1 were cultured in vitro, and the expression of PRMT7 was detected by Western blot. The expression of PRMT7 gene was silenced by RNA interference, and the negative control group (si-NC) and experimental group (siPRMT7#1 and siPRMT7#2) were established. PRMT7 gene were overexpressed by plasmid transfection, and the negative control group (p-PCMV3) and experimental group (p-PRMT7) were established. The transfection efficiency of PRMT7 was verified by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR) and Western blot, cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and colony formation assay, and cell migration was detected by Transwell assay. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of proliferation and migration related target proteins including Cyclin D1, CDK4 and MMP9, as well as the key proteins Notch1, HEY1 and Hes1 in Notch signaling pathway. Notch signaling specific inhibitors γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT was added to siPRMT7#2 transfected cells to further verify PRMT7 expression in bladder cancer. Results: Western blot results showed that PRMT7 expression was low in bladder cancer cells (P

Electric vehicles (EVs) can be used as energy storage devices to provide auxiliary frequency regulation service. However, the lack of inertia and damping caused by vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology will affect the grid's stability. In addition, the users' charging plans are difficult to be completed on time by the current frequency regulation strategies. Therefore, the technology of virtual synchronous generator is utilized to make EVs have similar inertial and damping characteristics to synchronous generator. Then, based on the T-S fuzzy controller, an auxiliary frequency regulation control algorithm for EVs considering user's charging plans is proposed, and the V2G power is jointly determined by the charging states of EVs and the grid frequency. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can intelligently control the power flow between the grid and EVs under the conditions of different charging plans, battery states and grid status. As a result, the proposed strategy can effectively improve the frequency stability of the power grid and avoid the risk of overcharge and overdischarge of the batteries while meeting the charging demand of users.

为了开发消费者喜爱的牛油产品，对两种牛油（老火锅牛油与浓香牛油）的感官特征及其相关的风味物质进行了分析。采用适合项勾选法（CATA）探究两种牛油的感官特征，并分析了感官属性与喜好度之间的关系。通过固相微萃取-全二维气相色谱-质谱联用法（SPME-GC×GC-MS）测定两种牛油的挥发性风味物质含量，并采用气味活度值（OAV）确定关键风味物质。结果表明：浓香牛油的“肉香味”“焦香味”“干草味”和“蘑菇味”更突出，老火锅牛油的“脂香味”“膻味”和“腥味”更突出；老火锅牛油与浓香牛油中共检出80种挥发性风味物质，根据OAV分别鉴定出13、10种关键风味物质，这些关键风味物质呈现的香气特征与感官特征分析结果一致。开发牛油产品时，增加产品的“奶香味”“清新味”与“肉香味”，均可提高消费者喜好度。In order to develop the favorite beef tallow products of consumer, the sensory characteristics of different technological beef tallow （fragrant beef tallow and hot pot beef tallow） and the volatile compounds related to its sensory characteristics were analyzed, Check-all-that-apply was used to evaluate the sensory characteristics of the two beef tallow, and the relationship between sensory attributes and consumer preference was analyzed. Meanwhile, the contents of the volatile compounds of the two beef tallow were determined using solid phase micro-extraction-comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,then the key flavor compounds were identified by odor activity value(OAV).The results showed that meat, fried, hay and mushroom were more prominent in fragrant beef tallow, while fat, cowy and raw were more prominent in hot pot beef tallow. A total of 80 volatile compounds were detected in hot pot beef tallow and fragrant beef tallow, and 13 and 10 key volatile compounds were identified according to OAV, respectively. And the aroma profiles presented by key volatile compounds were consistent with the results of sensory characteristics. When developing beef tallow products, increasing the creamy, freshness and meat flavor of the products can improve consumer preference.

[Purpose/significance] How to manage the knowledge of experts and engineers to realize the knowledge transformation from the recessive to the dominant, and promote the accumulation, transformation and application of knowledge effectively is a big challenge for China’s aerospace development. [Method/process] This paper put forward the model of “Post-Profession-Flow” three dimensional knowledge curing system to develop the knowledge management in terms of the standard directory, design templates, expert interviews and other forms of knowledge management practice, attempting to explore the effective mechanism of knowledge creation, knowledge manifestation and knowledge sharing. [Result/conclusion] This model has been applied in the process of product development effectively within the internal unit and hospital-related unit.

Since around the 1950s, American translation tradition of classical Chinese poetry boasts of the poetics of verse eco-translation. The American translator and sinologist Sam Hamill translated Du Fu's poetry in light of ecology. He has constructed an ecological poetic image of Du Fu's poetry "returning to the wild" and "naturalism" by emphasizing natural imagery, creating an integrated setting of people and scenery, highlighting the subjectivity of objects, and presenting a naturalistic ecological philosophy. His translation echoed the appeal of American ecological culture for China's ecological philosophy, manifested world and contemporary significance of the ecological wisdom of Du Fu's poetry, and Chinese and Western culture reached interlingual communication and mutual appreciation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymers as friction pair materials have broad application prospects in water-related engineering equipment. However, polymer materials have inherent defects such as low strength, creep, aging, and water absorption compared to metal materials. And it is difficult to form a complete lubricating water film under low-speed and heavy-load conditions, resulting in severe wear and vibration. In addition, the complex and diverse friction environments faced by water-related engineering equipment sports pairs greatly limit the application of polymer materials as friction pair components in water-related engineering equipment. The main tribological issues and challenges polymer materials face in extreme water environments were analyzed. Starting from four aspects, the irradiation and plasma surface modification technology, the filler blending composite modification technology, the textured surface control technology, and the functional water lubrication surface control technology, the current domestic and foreign research progress on modification technology of polymer friction pair materials for water-related engineering equipment was reviewed. The preparation technology and tribological research direction of polymer friction pair materials for water-related engineering equipment were summarized and prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid detection of soil salinity using remote sensing technology can scientifically guide the soil salinization control and the rational development of oasis agriculture. Based on 95 soil samples from the oasis of the Weigan - IKuqa River delta, this study established four soil salinity estimation models of multifile linear regression, partial least squares regression ( PLSR), support vector machine regression ( SVR), and random forest regression using the spectral index, band reflectance, and the measured soil salinity. Then, it conducted the remote sensing inversion for the spatial distribution paUern of the soil salinity in the study area using the optimal estimation results. The results are as follows: 1 Nine spectral factors that were significantly related to soil salinity were screened using the all - subsets regression method, with correlation coefficients of all above 0. 5 (P < 0. 01) . Among them, the correlation coefficient between salinity index SI - T and the soil salinity was the highest (0. 648 ) ; 2 The comparison of estimation precision show that the fitting effect of the four inversion models was in the order of random forest regression > SVR > PLSR > multifile linear regression. Among these models, the random forest model had the best fitting precision. Its training and validation sets had coefficients of determination (R ² ) of 0. 870 and 0. 766, respectively, with relative percent deviation ( RPD) of 2. 792 and 2. 105, respectively, both of which were greater than 2. These results indicate that the random forest model had a good inversion effect and stable estimation capacity; 3 According to the inversion results of the random forest model, grade I and II zones account for 41.62% and are distributed in the cultivated land area inside the oasis; grade III, IV, and V zones account for 56.41% and are primarily distributed in the desert and the desert - oasis ecotones. Therefore, compared with conventional statistical models, the random forest modeling method can yield significantly better estimation effects in the inversion of soil salinity. This study can be used as a reference for the monitoring of soil salinization in oases in arid areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to discuss the extraction process of black tea pigment in ethanol aqueous solution assisted by microwave, the influence of extraction agent ethanol volume fraction, microwave time and power, and solid-liquid ratio on the extraction rate of black tea pigment was investigated. Response surface software was used to optimize the extraction process of black tea pigment, and the optimized extraction yield of pigment was 36.5% while the extraction time was 62 s, the extraction power was 490 W and the solid-liquid ratio was 1:23. The order of influencing factors was as follows; microwave power > ethanol volume fraction > acting time > solid-liquid ratio. The method is simple and it improves the extraction rate of pigment and saves the extraction cost of pigment. The extracted pigment can be used in textile printing and dyeing, food coloring and extending shelf life, which helps to reduce the harm of chemical harmful dyes and pigments to the environment and human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to calibrate the phased array antenna of the balistic missile seeker more accurately and make up for the shortcomings of the current rotating vector missile-loaded phased array in calibrating, the least square method--artificial Hadamard matrix joint calibration method is proposed. This method uses the square method to solve the problem that the phase shifter could only provide discrete phase changes and could not accurately obtain the phase change value of the phase shifter when the antenna composite is in the maximum power condition. The artfticial Hadamard matrix is constructed to group the antennas, and each group of phase rotates multiple phase elements at the same time, causing that the measured signal changes obviously. Far field calibration experiment shows that this method can achieve calibration results for the missile-loaded phased array antenna very well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the level of first morning voided (FMV) urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) in girls with breast development, and to determine the value of FMV urine LH in the evaluation of central precocious puberty (CPP)., Methods: From September 2018 to April 2021, among the patients who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of Peking University Third Hospital for "precocious puberty" and underwent gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test, a total of 108 girls were enrolled. According to CPP diagnostic criteria, they were divided into CPP group ( n =45) and non-CPP group ( n =63). The clinical characteristics and hormone levels of the two groups were compared. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the cut-off value of FMV urinary LH in the diagnosis of CPP in girls. Further analyses were done to evaluate the value of FMV urinary LH in the diagnosis of CPP using correlation analysis between urinary LH level and common clinical cha-racteristics., Results: ROC curve analysis showed that FMV urine LH level was significant for the diagnosis of CPP. The cut-off value of FMV urine LH was 0.69 IU/L (specificity 56.9%, sensitivity 85.0%, area under curve 0.804, P < 0.001). The basic clinical characteristics without GnRH stimulation test were analyzed by binary Logistic regression analysis, indicating that the level of FMV urine LH, uterine volume, ovarian volume and advanced T-bone age had predictive significance for CPP diagnosis in girls ( OR values were 2.125, 1.961, 1.564 and 2.672, respectively). The prediction model was established and the area under the ROC curve was 0.904, P < 0.001. The level of FMV urine LH was positively correlated with the levels of serum LH, FSH and estrogen before GnRH stimulation test, the peak value of blood LH after GnRH stimulation test, T bone age and uterine volume, with r values of 0.462, 0.373, 0.242, 0.360, 0.373 and 0.263, respectively, and P values were < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.013, < 0.001, < 0.001 and 0.007, respectively., Conclusion: FMV urine LH can provide a good indication for the diagnosis of CPP. Combining with bone age advanced level and pelvic ultrasound measurement, the predictive value of FMV urine LH can be further improved for the diagnosis of CPP in girls.

Unilateral deafness will lead to the decline of children's speech recognition rate, language development retardation and spatial positioning ability, which will have many adverse effects on children's life and study. Cochlear implantation can help children rebuild binaural hearing, and systematic audiological evaluation after operation is particularly important for clinicians to evaluate the hearing recovery of children. In this study, a variety of commonly used audiological evaluation, testing processes and methods after cochlear implantation in children with unilateral deafness are described in detail, and the related research status and results are summarized., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Objective To investigate the effects of long noncoding RNA H19 on lipid accumulation of macrophages under high fat stress and its mechanism. Methods Human THP-1 cells-derived macrophages were incubated with ox-LDL, and the effects of H19 siRNA intervention on lipid accumulation was observed. The THP-1 cells were divided into control group (conventional culture), ox-LDL group, siRNA negative control (NC siRNA) combined with ox-LDL treatment group, and H19 siRNA combined with ox-LDL treatment group. Oil red O staining was used to determine the lipid accumulation in cells, and cholesterol concentration was analyzed by enzymatic method; ATP assay kit for detecting celluar ATP content; colorimetry was used to detect the levels of oxidative stress indicators and ELISA was used to detect the levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in the cell supernatant. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein expression of ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and nuclear factor κB p-p65 (NF-κB p-p65). Results Knockdown H19 significantly inhibited intracellular lipid accumulation, decreased total cholesterol (TC) and cholesterol ester (CE) content, and decreased CE/TC ratio. Knockdown H19 significantly alleviated cell damage including an increase in ATP content, a decrease in oxidative stress levels and a decrease in MCP-1 levels, which caused by high-fat stress. H19 siRNA upregulated expression of ABCA1, PPARα and PGC-1α in THP-1 derived macrophages, downregulated NF-κB signal pathway. Conclusion Knockdown H19 upregulates PGC-1α expression in THP-1 cells and downregulates NF-κB pathway, which promotes cholesterol reverse transport, reduces inflammatory reaction and inhibits lipid accumulation.

Pesticides are widely used in agriculture to increase grain yields and prevent crop diseases and insect pests. However, pesticides pose a serious threat to ecosystems and human health owing to their high toxicity and persistence. Therefore, it is imperative to establish an efficient and sensitive detection method for pesticides in water samples. Rapid and accurate detection of trace pesticides in environmental water samples has been a challenge because of complex matrix effects and trace concentrations. Appropriate sample pretreatment is a critical step for the effective extraction of analytes and removal of interferences, and the development and design of novel and stable nanomaterial adsorbents is key to continuous innovation in sample pretreatment technology. In recent years, carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH) and layered double hydroxide (LDHs) have been widely used as new adsorbent materials for various pretreatment technologies because of their large specific surface area, good stability, and easy functionalization. Based on this background, MWCNTs-COOH and LDHs were combined to obtain a new efficient composite adsorbent, so that the synergistic effect of the individual components could be exploited in entirety. In this study, a zeolitic metal organic framework ZIF-67/multiwalled carbon nanotube (ZIF-67/MWCNTs) composite was prepared by a simple one-step method, and a cobalt-nickel double metal hydroxide/multiwalled carbon nanotube (CoNi-LDH/MWCNTs) hybrid material with a three-dimensional cage-like structure was synthesized by a solvothermal method using ZIF-67/MWCNTs as templates. The cage-like structure of the CoNi-LDH/MWCNTs composite, which is different from the traditional layered bimetallic hydroxide, could accelerate mass transfer. Given the excellent properties of the CoNi-LDH/MWCNTs composite, it was used as a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coating for the efficient enrichment of six pesticides (chlorothalonil, tebuconazole, chlorpyrifos, butralin, deltamethrin, and pyridaben) and combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection for the determination of the six pesticides in real water samples. The prepared materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, electron dispersion spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and N 2 adsorption/desorption. The results confirmed that the CoNi-LDH/MWCNTs composite was successfully synthesized, and that its surface area and pore volume were 281.4 m 2 /g and 0.49 cm 3 /g, respectively. An orthogonal array design was used to optimize the extraction conditions of SPME, including the extraction time, extraction temperature, stirring rate, salt effect, and desorption time. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: extraction temperature, 40 ℃; extraction time, 30 min; stirring rate, 500 r/min; desorption time, 6 min; and salt (NaCl) mass concentration, 150 mg/L. Under optimal conditions, the method had a wide linear range (chlorothalonil: 0.015-200 μg/L, tebuconazole: 0.140-200 μg/L, chlorpyrifos: 0.250-200 μg/L, butralin: 0.077-200 μg/L, deltamethrin: 1.445-200 μg/L, pyridaben: 0.964-200 μg/L), low detection limit (0.004-0.434 μg/L), and good reproducibility. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of single fiber and fiber-to-fiber were in the range of 0.5% to 5.7% and 0.5% to 4.8%, respectively. The spiked recoveries at two levels of 10.0 μg/L and 50.0 μg/L were in the range of 83.9%-108.2%, with RSDs less than 5.3%. Compared with other coated fibers (MWCNTs-COOH, ZIF-67, ZIF-67/MWCNTs, and silicone sealant), the CoNi-LDH/MWCNTs-coated fibers showed a better enrichment effect for pesticides, which was attributed to their high specific surface area and π-π interactions, hydrophobic interactions, cation-π interactions, and hydrogen bonding interactions between the CoNi-LDH/MWCNTs coating and the target analytes, which can enhance their ability to extract pesticides. The stability test on the SPME fibers revealed that after 128 cycles, the extraction efficiency of the CoNi-LDH/MWCNTs-coated fibers for the six pesticides decreased only slightly (< 10%), implying that the coated fibers had good stability and reusability. Therefore, this method can be used to detect pesticide residues in environmental water samples with high selectivity, sensitivity, and accuracy.

Objective To investigate the potential mechanism of follicular regulatory T (Tfr) cells in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods The percentage of CD4 + CXCR5 + FOXP3 + ICOS + Tfr cells in the peripheral blood of 20 patients with RA and 20 healthy subjects were detected by flow cytometry, and the correlation between the proportion of Tfr cells and the clinical laboratory index of RA was analyzed. The serum levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-12, IL-2, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) were measured by ELISA. The mRNA expression of Bcl6 and B lymphocyte induced mature protein 1 (Blimp-1) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Bcl6 and CXCL13 in synovium of RA patients. Results The percentage of Tfr cells in the RA patients significantly decreased compared with the healthy controls, which was negatively related to the C reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28). The serum levels of IL-12 and CXCL13 in the patients with RA went up obviously, while the levels of IL-2, IL-10 and TGF-β went down remarkably. The Bcl6 mRNA level in PBMCs of the RA patients was significantly raised, while the expression of Blimp-1 mRNA was significantly reduced. Bcl6 and CXCL13 were highly expressed in the synovium of the RA patients. Conclusion The decrease of the proportion of Tfr cells in the peripheral blood may be related to the occurrence and development of RA.

Objective To explore the role of evodiamine in promoting the apoptosis of glioma SHG-44 cells and its mechanism.Methods The in vitro cultured glioma SHG-44 cells were divided into control group and evodiamine group(which was further divided into three subgroups according to the glycoside concentrations).Cell viability was determined by CCK-8 method,cells apoptosis rate by flow cytometry,and nucleus apoptosis by Hoechst 33258 nuclear staining.Cell morphological changes were observed by transmission electron microscope.Protein expressions of Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved Caspase-9 were detected by Western blot analysis.Results Evodiamine significantly inhibited the proliferation of glioma SHG-44 cells.The apoptosis rate of Glioma cells increased in a dose-dependent manner as the evodiamine concentration increased.Evodiamine promoted the expressions of cleaved Caspase-3 and cleaved Caspase-9.Conclusion Evodiamine inhibits glioma cell proliferation by changing the expressions of cleaved Caspase-3 and cleaved Caspase-9.

A method for the simultaneous determination of six UV filters in cosmetics by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with solid-phase extraction (SPE) based on graphene sponge (GS) was established. The samples were extracted with methanol by ultrasonic, then cleaned up by home-made SPE cartridges and eluted with acetone. The six UV filters were separated on an Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column (150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm). Methanol-water (95:5, v/v) was used as mobile phase and the detection wavelength was 340 nm. The results showed that the limits of detection (LODs, S/N =3) and the limits of quantification (LOQs, S/N =10) of the six UV filters were 0.08-1.82 μg/L and 0.26-6.07 μg/L, respectively. The correlation coefficients ( r ) were greater than 0.999 except 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methyl-phenyl) benzotriazole ( r >0.997). The recoveries of the six UV filters were 61.1%-119.0%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 1% ( n =6) at the three spiked levels of 20, 50 and 100 μg/L. The method is simple, rapid, sensitive and repeatable, and is suitable for the determination of the UV filters in cosmetics.

A novel silica-based solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber was successfully fabricated by the immobilization of silica nanoflakes (SiO 2 NFs) onto the hydrothermally treated nickel-titanium alloy (NiTi) wire using sol-gel method, followed by self-assembled surface modification of phenyltrichlorosilane. The extraction performance of the fabricated fiber was evaluated using typical aromatic compounds in direct-immersion mode of SPME. The fiber exhibited the high extraction capability and good extraction selectivity for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water samples. The influences of stirring rate, extraction temperature, extraction time and ionic strength on the extraction efficiencies were optimized coupled to HPLC with UV detection. Under the optimized conditions, the five PAHs presented good linearity in the certain mass concentration ranges with correlation coefficients ( r ) greater than 0.999, and LODs ranged from 0.013 to 0.108 μg/L. The intra-day and inter-day RSDs were from 4.1% to 5.9% and 4.8% to 6.8% for the PAHs at the spiked level of 50 μg/L with the single fiber, respectively. The recoveries of the five PAHs in real water samples spiked at 10 μg/L and 30 μg/L ranged from 90.8% to 105.7% and 93.6% to 103.1%, respectively. Moreover, the phenyl-modified SiO 2 NFs coated NiTi fiber has high stability and good preparation reproducibility. The developed method is suitable for the concentration and determination of the target PAHs in environmental water samples.

Objective: To construct a Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA vaccine pVAX1/ESAT-6 plasmid and investigate its immunoreactivity., Methods: The ESAT-6 gene fragment amplified from Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome was inserted into pVAX1 vector to construct the recombinant plasmid pVAX1/ESAT-6, which was identified by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into Hela cells using Sofast® Transfection reagent, and the cellular expressions of ESAT-6 mRNA and protein were analyzed by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence assay, respectively. The recombinant plasmid pVAX1/ESAT-6 was also transfected into mouse by electronic pulse method, and the mouse serum IFN-γ level and anti-ESAT-6 IgG antibody level were detected by ELISA, mouse lymphocyte proliferation assessed with flow cytometry, and IFN-γ-secreting lymphocytes counted using ELISPOT., Results: Double restriction-enzyme digestion and sequencing showed that the inserted fragment in the recombinant plasmid pVAX1/ESAT-6 was identical to ESAT-6 gene with an inframe insertion. RT-PCR yielded the target band as expected on agarose gel, and immunofluorescence assay of the transfected cells showed specific green fluorescence signals. The mice transfected with the recombinant plasmid showed significantly elevated serum level of anti-ESAT-6 IgG antibody and increased serum IFN-γ level, spleen cell proliferation, and number of IFN-γ-secreting lymphocytes., Conclusion: The Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA vaccine pVAX1/ESAT-6 plasmid we constructed can induce high levels of cellular and humoral immunoreactivity in mice.

Objective: To investigate the neuroprotective effects and mechanism of hyperin on CoCl2-induced hypoxic/ischemic PC12 cells., Method: CoCl2 was used to treat rat pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12) to investigate the protective effects of different concentrations of hyperin., Result: Hyperin could significantly inhibit CoCl2-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis on PC12 cells in a dose-dependent manner, by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increasing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and inactivating caspase-3 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP)., Conclusion: Hyperin could inhibit CoCl2-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis on PC12 cells, show neuroprotective effects on hypoxic/ischemic neural injuries.

Objective: To explore the effect of the total flavonoids of Jiawei Wuzi Yanzong prescription on the Voltage-gated calcium channel of the CA1 pyramidal cell of rat hippocampus., Method: The inward calcium current was recorded by the whole-cell patch clamp and the amplitude of it was thought to observe the effect of Abeta25-35 and the total flavonoids. The hippocampus of rat was separated and cut into slices. Active pyramidal cells of slices were chosen for the whole-cell patch clamp recording. After exposure to Abeta25-35, voltage steps (500 ms) were used to depolarize stepwise in a range from 50 to +50 mV (increment: 5 mV). An inward Ca2+ current which was suggested to be survey was evoked. Application of the total flavonoids was to be observed if it had effect on this voltage-depended inward current., Result: Abeta25-35 could enhance the calcium current to induce intracellular calcium overload. The amplitude of the control group was--(157.1 +/- 19.9) pA, but after application of Abeta25-35 the current enhanced to--(323.2 +/- 23.4) pA. When the total flavonoids at concentration of 125, 250, 500 g x L(-1) were added, the current declined to--(257.9 +/- 31.6), - (196.4 +/- 29.8) and--(169.3 +/- 34.0) pA, respectively., Conclusion: Abeta-induced intracellular calcium overload may be one of neurotoxic of beta-amyloid peptide. The total flavonoids of Jiawei Wuzi Yanzong prescription can suppress inward calcium current to protect neurons.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) by radionuclide imaging., Methods: One hundred forty patients with PTE from September 1997 to March 2001 at this institution was confirmed by clinical manifestation, pulmonary perfusion (PPI)/ventilation scan (PPV) and deep venous radionuclide venography (RNV), which were performed in all patients. There were 79 males and 61 females, with an average age of 39 +/- 18 years. Twenty-six cases underwent pulmonary angiography; 11 underwent X Ray venography of lower extremities (XRV); 18 underwent impedence plethymography (IPG); and 36 underwent lower limb echocardiography (UCG)., Results: Of the 140 patients with PTE, 120 (85.7%) had lower limb venous pathological changes. Among them, 94 patients had risk factors for DVT. The agreement rates of RNV with XRV, UCG and IPG were 90.9%, 72.2% and 80.0%, respectively., Conclusions: The results indicated that DVT was highly prevalent in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Thrombosis was a primary pathogenic factor for PTE, and thrombi were mostly from proximal veins. (99m)TC-MAA radionuclide imaging was a useful method for noninvasive detection of DVT and PTE.