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The occurrence and development of gastric cancer (GC) is determined by many factors. In recent years, the development of molecular biology has provided new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of GC. Microsatellite instability (MSI) GC is a special type of GC caused by the body 's DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene defect. Studies of the clinical characteristics, molecular mechanisms and prognosis of MSI GC found specific clinicopathological features and better prognosis in MSI GC compared with ordinary types of GC. However, there are still some controversies in the study of MSI gastric cancer at home and abroad. This article aims to review the concept of MSI, the relationship between MSI and clinicopathological features of gastric cancer, and the treatment progress of MSI gastric cancer.

The survival rate and quality of life of patients with advanced gastric cancer are low. Despite the continuous development and improvement of chemotherapy regimens for advanced gastric cancer, the survival rate of patients with advanced gastric cancer is still low. At present, not only are comprehensive treatment methods very limited for advanced gastric cancer, but there is also a lack of posterior treatment methods. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective treatment plans for advanced gastric cancer. In recent years, with the in-depth research on tumor immunology, immunotherapy has become a focus of attention. Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, as an immunosuppressive drug, combined with chemotherapy, can not only maximize the clinical activity of immunosuppressive drug, but also establish a lasting immune response. At present, the combination of PD-1 inhibitors and platinum chemotherapy has shown high clinical application value in clinical research of advanced gastric cancer. This article reviews the research progress of PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer, aiming to provide a basis for clinical application.

Background Previous studies have shown that the rs1044925 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of ACAT-1 gene is associated with the risk of coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke, and both are correlated to the level of blood lipid. Objective To observe the relationship between rs1044925 SNP of ACAT-1 gene and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) , and the relationship between rs1044925 SNP and the change of serum lipids level in response to atorvastatin treatment in patients with ACS. Methods 111 patients diagnosed with ACS and treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the Department of Geriatric Cardiovascular, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous from January 2016 to January 2018 were selected in ACS group (67 males and 44 females) . All patients were treated with atorvastatin 20 mg per night, Clopidogrel 75 mg, once a day (or tegranolol 90 mg, twice a day) , and Aspirin 100 mg, once a day. Atorvastatin 20 mg/night was routinely used after PCI. The control group consisted of 338 healthy people in the same time period (170 males and 168 females) . ACAT-1 rs1044925 SNP was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) . The baseline blood lipid levels of ACS group and control group were detected. The blood lipid parameters of the ACS group were measured after treatment of atorvastatin for one year averagely. Results There was no statistical difference in serum TC between the ACS group and the control group (P>0.05) , but there were statistical differences in the levels of TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, ApoAI, and ApoB (P0.05) . There was no statistical difference in the levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, ApoAI and ApoB among each genotype group of ACAT-1 rs1044925 SNP in the control group (P>0.05) . After atorstatin treatment, the serum TC, LDL-C, ApoAI, ApoB and lipoprotein (Lp) (α) levels in ACS patients were statistically different from baseline levels (P0.05) . There was no statistical difference in the baseline of Lp (α) level among genotypes (P>0.05) in ACS patients, but after 1 year of treatment, the Lp (α) level of each genotype was statistically different (P0.05) . There was statistical difference among the decrease in the levels of Lp (α) after atorvastatin treatment among different genotypes (P

In order to prolong the effective service life of blast furnace tuyeres，a protective coating was prepared on the surface of pure copper substrate by embedding co-infiltration method using pure copper plate as base material，NH4 Cl as infiltration catalyst，and nickel，iron and aluminum as main components of co-infiltration agent.The effects of infiltration agent content，co-infiltration agent ratio and holding time on the protective coating and coating/substrate interface structure were studied.The phase composition and microstructure of the as-prepared coatings were characterized by XRD，SEM and EDS，and the micro-Vickers hardness of the coatings was evaluated.Results showed that by adjusting the content of NH4Cl catalyst and the ratio of Ni: Fe: Al in co-infiltration agent，a coating metallurgically bonded to the pure copper substrate could be prepared after heat treatment.After the aluminum element penetrated into the copper matrix，the formed infiltration layer had an obvious gradient structure，which significantly improved the micro-Vickers hardness of the material.The existence of “high aluminum phase”in the infiltration layer hindered the dislocation movement of the copper matrix and further improved the microhardness of the material.blast furnace tuyere；pure copper；embedded co-infiltration；coating；microhardness

In order to improve the ability of a wild-type strain (BY-1) of Pichia pastoris to produce glutathione (GSH), a mutant strain designated BY-1-26 was obtained by atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis. To further improve the production of glutathione by the mutant during shake flask culture, 1,2,4-triazole was added to the culture medium. Finally, adaptive evolution of the mutant strain was carried out on a microbial microdroplet culture system (MMC) using 1,2,4-triazole as a screening factor. As a result, a high-yield glutathione-producing mutant strain BY-2-24 was obtained, and its genetic stability was investigated. The results showed that a high-yield glutathione-producing mutant strain could be obtained using the wild-type strain BY-1 by ARTP mutagenesis, primary resistance screening on gradient plates, adaptive evolution on MMC and shake-flask secondary screening. The yield of glutathione produced by BY-2-24 in shake flask culture was (312.13 ± 2.62) mg/L, which was 134.26% higher than that produced by the original strain, and this mutant still had good genetic stability after seven passages. Meanwhile, the biomass was increased by 118.33%, indicating that the growth ability of the mutant strain was improved compared to the original strain. The result of this study show that the combination of ARTP and MMC can be used as a simple and effective screening method for excellent mutant strains, which provides a reference for high throughput selection of target strains.

To investigate the mechanism of biofilm formation in Vibrio parahaemolyticus, its physiological characteristics were examined and the regulation of gene expression during biofilm formation was studied transcriptomic sequencing. Two strains of V. parahaemolyticus (ATCC 17802 and VP-0) that differ in their biofilms were evaluated for their physiological indexes such as extracellular polysaccharides, extracellular proteins, the signaling molecule autoinducer-2 (AI-2), cell permeability, and biofilm microscopic morphology, and the dynamic formation process of biofilm was investigated. The results showed that the biofilm formation process of the tested strains involved reversible adhesion (from 0 to 12 h), irreversible adhesion and micro-colony formation (from 12 to 48 h), maturation (from 48 to 72 h), and dissociation (from 72 to 144 h). The secretion rates of extracellular polysaccharides and proteins at the biofilm maturation stage of ATCC 17802 were 1.67 and 2.3 times higher than those of VP-0, respectively. The difference in signaling molecule content during biofilm formation was not significant (P > 0.05), and laser confocal scanning microscopy (LCSM) showed that ATCC 17802 had a greater degree of aggregation. Based on the results of transcriptomic sequencing, 802, 1 061, and 267 significantly differentially expressed genes were identified in three treatment groups (72 vs 8 h, 48 vs 8 h, and 72 vs 48 h), of which 506, 655 and 96 differentially expressed genes were down-regulated and 296, 406 and 171 differentially expressed genes were up-regulated, respectively. These differences were mainly involved in energy metabolism, flagellar system, transport system, and other aspects related to biofilm formation. The findings obtained in this study provide a theoretical basis for gene expression regulation during the dynamic formation of V. parahaemolyticus biofilm.

In this review, the clarification and decolorization of sugar solution in the process of sugar production was summarized. The research status of various clarification and decolorization techniques such as adsorption, oxidation and filtration in sugar production process and the deficiencies of existing methods in production and popularization, were compared and introduced. In addition, the research direction of the clarification technology in sugar industry was discussed.

Objective To explore the influence of negative lymph node count (NLNC) on the prognosis of patients with gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (GSRC) and develop a prognostic nomogram based on NLNC. Methods On the basis of the SEER database, 2 101 patients diagnosed with GSRC were collected and randomly divided into the modeling group and validation group to test the relationship between clinicopathological characteristics and the prognosis of GSRC. The multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the independent risk factors affecting overall survival and establish a prognostic prediction model. The consistency index (C-index), calibration curve, net reclassification index (NRI), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the accuracy and clinical applicability of the nomogram. Results All patients were divided according to the ratio of 7:3, with 1 473 in the modeling group and 628 in the validation group. NLNC > 10 (HR=0.578, 95%CI: 0.504-0.662, P < 0.001) was a protective factor for the prognosis of patients with GSRC, and the nomogram model was established based on multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. The C-index values of the nomogram were 0.737 (95%CI: 0.720-0.753) and 0.724 (95%CI: 0.699-0.749) in the modeling and validation groups, respectively, showing good discrimination. The calibration curves showed high consistency of the model. NRI=17.77%, continuous NRI=36.34%, and IDI=4.2% indicated that the model had positive returns compared with the traditional model. The DCA was far from the baseline, indicating that the model had good clinical applicability. Conclusion The increase in NLNC is a favorable factor for the prognosis of patients with GSRC, and a relatively accurate nomogram was established to predict the prognosis of patients with GSRC and help clinicians conduct individualized prognostic evaluations.

Objective To examine the knowledge on contraception and safe sex among college students in Shanghai for providing evidences to promote reproductive health of college students in China. MethodsAn onsite/online network-based anonymous survey was conducted among 16 235 students of various degrees in 62 colleges and universities during June – November, 2019. A self-designed questionnaire on knowledge, attitude and behaviors about safe sex and contraception was used in the survey. ResultsOf the 14 612 students (4 829 males and 9 783 females averagely aged 21.63 years) with valid replies, 24.93% reported ever having sexual behavior. Among the respondents with sex experiences, 66.80% reported adopting contraceptive measures every time but 3.46% stated never taking contraceptive measures when having sex; and unintended pregnancy was reported by 7.24% of the respondents. For all the respondents in terms of contraceptive measures, the knowledge rate was 82.90% for condom, 26.51% for spermicide, 17.72% for contraceptive injections, and 15.30% for contraceptive subcutaneous implant. The reported knowledge about induced abortion was higher among the female respondents than among the males. There were 47.16% of all the respondents not having sufficient knowledge about sexually transmitted disease and AIDS and the ratio was lower among male respondents than among the females. ConclusionIn colleges or universities of Shanghai, the students are open in their attitude about sex and active in sexual relationships but the students are lack of knowledge about contraception and avoidance of unintended pregnancy. The results suggest that specific education on safe sex and a better reproductive health services should be promoted among the students.

The postoperative pathological staging system (pTNM) has become an important reference for the selection of various tumor treatment strategies and prognosis evaluation at a global scale, and is a powerful predictor of the prognosis of a variety of solid tumors, but the prognosis is still different in patients with the same pTNM staging. In recent years, studies have confirmed that the negative lymph nodes count (NLNC) is related to the prognosis of a variety of solid tumors. Higher NLNC can improve the prognosis of cancer patients, and NLNC can reduce staging migration, which is expected to be a supplement to the pTNM staging system. This article reviews the value of NLNC in the prognosis of solid tumors.

BackgroundThe 2020 Chinese guidelines for ultrasound malignancy risk stratification of thyroid nodules: the C-TIRADS (C-TIRADS for short) put forward a method for stratifying the malignancy risk of thyroid nodules, but there are few studies about its value in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules.ObjectiveTo compare the value of ultrasound-based thyroid nodule malignancy risk stratification in differentiating malignant and benign thyroid nodule between C-TIRADS and 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: the American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (ATA guidelines for short) .MethodsA total of 336 inpatients who underwent surgery and ultrasound examination in Bozhou People's Hospital from January 2019 to May 2021 were selected as participants. Four ultrasonologists with a title higher than attending physician were equally randomized into groups A and B for evaluating ultrasonic examination results according to ultrasound-based thyroid nodule malignancy risk stratification in C-TIRADS and ATA guidelines, respectively. The accuracies of ultrasound-based thyroid nodule malignancy stratification in the two guidelines in differentiating malignant and benign thyroid nodules were assessed using intraoperative or postoperative pathological findings (gold standard for diagnosis) , and were further analyzed using ROC analysis.ResultsAccording to intraoperative or postoperative pathological findings, the participants had 367 thyroid nodules in total, including 253 benign nodules and 114 malignant nodules. The nodules were classified as follows according to the TI-RADS in the C-TIRADS by ultrasonologists in group A: (1) 253 benign nodules: 2 were in TI-RADS 5 category, 23, 30, and 80 were in categories 4c, 4b, and 4a, respectively, 103 were in 3 category, and 15 were in 2 category; (2) 114 malignant nodules: 24 were in TI-RADS 5 category, 59 were in 4c category, 22 were in 4b category, 6 were in 4a category and 3 were in 3 category. And the classification of nodules according to the ATA guideline by ultrasonologists in group B was: (1) 253 benign nodules: 13, 53, 47, 118 were high, intermediate, low, and very low suspicion pattern for malignancy, respectively, and 22 were benign pattern; (2) 114 malignant nodules: 76, 24, 8, 6 were high, intermediate, low, and very low suspicion pattern for malignancy, respectively. ROC analysis showed that, AUCs of ultrasound-based thyroid nodule malignancy risk stratification in differentiating malignant and benign thyroid nodules between C-TIRADS and ATA guidelines were 0.890〔95%CI (0.815, 0.918) 〕and 0.780〔95%CI (0.750, 0.876) 〕, with significant difference (Z=13.62, P

BackgroundNeurotransmitters in multiple brain regions in schizophrenia patients have been extensively studied using encephal of luctuograph in terms of functional features, and also been explored using modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) regarding their responses to MECT, but responses of neurotransmitters in a specific region to MECT have been rarely examined.ObjectiveTo examine pre- and post-treatment changes of neurotransmitters in brain and different brain regions in patients with schizophrenia with MECT, and to investigate the possible neurobiological mechanism of MECT.MethodsFifty-one schizophrenia patients were recruited from Changzhou Dean Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020. All of them had signed the written informed consent form of receiving MECT prior to the participation in the study, and received MECT with unchanged antipsychotic medications during the study period. Scores of new 5-factor model of the PANSS (20 items) , neurotransmitters in brain and different brain regions 24 hours before the first MECT and 24 hours after the end of MECT were compared among all patients.ResultsCompared with those 24 hours before the first MECT, scores of positive factor, negative factor, hostile excitement, anxiety and depression, cognitive and total PANSS score, as well as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in brain and left posterior brain region, and glutamate (Glu) in left posterior brain region significantly decreased, but dopamine (DA) in brain and right frontal brain region significantly increased 24 hours after the end of MECT (P

Based on the McCabe-Thiele (M-T) method and the conservation of mass and energy, the PandaX-4T collaboration group designs an efficient cryogenic distillation system to reduce the mole fraction of krypton in commercial xenon from 5×10-7 to 1×10-14. Since the ultra-high purity xenon cryogenic distillation system has completed the offline purification operation, it is necessary to conduct the corresponding operation analysis. Therefore, the stability and purification performance of the ultra-high purity xenon cryogenic distillation system are studied by analyzing the parameters such as temperature, pressure, flowrate, and mole faction of the product xenon in each operating stage. The PandaX-4T cryogenic distillation system has been operating stably for 1.5 m at a collection efficiency of 99% and a purification rate of 10 kg/h, and has purified 5.75 t of xenon. The experimental data show that the system is stable, safe, and reliable in all stages of operation, and the krypton concentration in product xenon is less than 7.99×10-12. The operation analysis of the PandaX-4T ultra-high purity xenon cryogenic distillation system has a theoretical research value and practical engineering significance, providing very important reference for optimization of distillation operation of the next stage.

To meet the requirements of the low background and high sensitivity of the large-scale dark-matter detector PandaX-4T, nKr/nXe≤1×10 -13 (n is the amount of substance) is required. The ultra-high purity krypton/xenon cryogenic distillation tower was used as an example in this paper. First, the distillation tower and the construction design of the distillation system were briefly introduced. Then, the operation parameters of the distillation tower were simulated and optimized by using HYSYS, and the distributions of the pressure, temperature and Kr concentration in the distillation tower were obtained. After that, the influences of those operational conditions including the feeding point position, the reflux ratio, the feeding flowrate, the heat of the reboiler, the flowrate of the off-gas, and the feeding pressure to the xenon purity of the distillation system were studied, and the optimized operation parameters were proposed. When the column pressure is set at 221 kPa and the reflux radio is set at 145, the krypton content in xenon can be purified from 5×10-7 to 4.1×10-14, which has an important guiding significance for further improvement of the purity of the xenon product of the xenon/krypton cryogenic distillation system.

In order to find safe and low-cost salt-activated materials to prepare soil polymers, light burned metakaolin was obtained after firing Guangxi kaolin at 850 °C for 4 h and added with different amounts of condensed aluminum phosphate, lithium phosphate and lithium silicate (3%, 4% and 5% of the metakaolin mass, respectively) as the additives to prepare soil polymers. Subsequently, the mixtures of metakaolin with lithium silicate, lithium phosphate or condensed aluminum phosphate were added to the corundum castable system, respectively, and the performance of the castables was compared with that of calcium aluminate bonded corundum castables. The effects of the additives on the solidification time, phase composition and microstructure of the obtained soil polymers as well as the soil polymers on the properties of the castables were explored. The results show that: (1) the solidification time of the soil polymers increases from 2 h to 5 h with the increasing additive addition, and the preferred addition is 4%; (2) at 20 °C, condensed aluminum phosphate reacts with metakaolin to form gelling SiP2O7, while lithium silicate and lithium phosphate react with metakaolin to form LiAISiO4, forming a layered structure or a gelling film attached to the surface of metakaolin, thus resulting in a gelation effect of soil polymers; (3) at 1 100 °C, soil polymers gradually form mullite, and layered metakaolin becomes thinner and cross connected; at 1 600 °C, the mull-itization of soil polymers is complete, forming needle and rod structures that cross connect with each other, and a small amount of liquid is generated, densifying the sample; (4) replacing calcium aluminate cement with soil polymers in the same proportion as the binder, the castable has a certain gap in performance compared to the calcium aluminate cement bonded castable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To detect the amplification of HER2 gene by fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH), and explore the correlation between HER2 gene amplification and clinicopathological characteristics. Methods We collected 325 cases of breast cancer with HER2(++) in the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2013 to December 2015. All paraffin-embedded specimens were detected by IHC and FISH respectively for the expression of HER2 protein and amplification. And we analyzed the relationship between HER2 gene amplification and clinicopathological characteristics of patients. Results HER2(++) of all groups was detected immunohistochemically. And the amplification rate of HER2 gene was 12.9%(42/325). Univariate analysis on 12 clinicopathological indexes showed that the amplification status of HER2 gene was significantly correlated with hormonal status, tumor diameter and P53, rather than ki67 expression, histological grade, tumor number or other factors. Conclusion The negative expression of estrogen and progesterone, tumor diameter > 2 cm and positive P53 expression are the independent factors to predict IHC HER2(++) amplification by FISH.

Through studying a crossing obstacle model for the ladder shaped obstacle an optimal size design algorithm based on this model is designed. By the trial value method,the design requirement of calculating the optimal mechanical foot size automatically and making the crossing obstacle efficiency of the mechanism achieve the highest is realized. by value method. Then,the feasibility of this algorithm is verified through the experimental,by using MATLAB,the graphical user interface is designed which can output the crossing obstacle time and the optimal mechanical foot size after input the parameters of obstacle and motor. The design efficiency of this crossing obstacle model is improved,and an optimization method for the model parameter design is provided.

A new type of automatic stair climbing wheelchair can helps the disabled walking up and down the stairs and the ground is designed.By adopting the leg structure and using the mechanical foot and wheel bearing alternately in the up and down the stairs equipment,the process of up and down the stairs is simulated.The fine-tune mechanism which can be used to adjust seat angle,keep the seats level all the time is set.The change of the gravity center in the process of up and down the stairs is analyzed,the results show that the design of wheelchair is reasonable,a disabled people can use it up and down the stairs instead of walking.

The seed size of castor (Ricinus communis L.) directly affects the yield, and there is a great difference in seed size among different castor varieties. It is of great significance to further study the genetic mechanism of castor seed size traits for the development of castor seed industry. In this study, we used monoecious inbred lines SL1 as male parent, pistillate line HCH1 as female parent 1 (Combination 1), and pistillate line HCH3 as female parent 2 (Combination 2) to construct F2 and BC1 populations, respectively. Firstly, the correlations between seed size traits were analyzed by phenotypic statistics of the two genetic populations. Secondly, based on the phenotypic data of 150 individual plants in F2 population from Combination 1, a high-density genetic map was constructed using genotyping by whole genome sequencing technology (WGS), and QTL analysis was performed for the seed size traits. Finally, the KEGG pathway enrichment and BLAST comparison were performed to determine the candidate genes in the definite QTL region. The results showed that the correlation between seed traits was different among different combinations and populations, and the correlation between seed length and width was the most significant by the pheno-typic analysis. And a total of 18 QTLs were detected for four traits including 2 QTLs for seed length, 5 QTLs for seed width, 4 QTLs for seed thickness, and 7 QTLs for hundred-grain weight, which were distributed on linkage groups 1, 4, 7, 8, 9, and 10, respectively. The LOD values ranged from 3.77 to 7.40, and the contribution of variation rate ranged from 0.71% to 86.20%. Based on these results, six candidate genes (28470.m000435, 29908.m006143, 29848.m004589, 27752.m000045, 29683.m000480, and 29848.m004611) for regulating seed size were screened. This study lays a theoretical foundation for further research on fine mapping and gene cloning, molecular marker-assisted breeding and gene function analysis of castor seed size traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, Aronia melanocarpa was used as the raw material, β-cyclodextrin was used as the extraction medium, and the feasibility of β-cyclodextrin-assisted extraction of polyphenols from Aronia melanocarpa was explored. On the basis of single factor experiments, the optimal concentration of β-cyclodextrin, extraction temperature and extraction time were selected for the three-factor three-level Box-Behnken response surface test, and the Design-Expert 8.0.6 software was used to obtain the optimal extraction conditions. HPCL analysis of the polyphenols obtained under the optimal extraction conditions was performed. The results showed that the optimal conditions for extracting the polyphenols in Aronia melanocarpa were: temperature, 66 C; extraction duration, 93 min; β-cyclodextrin concentration, 33 g/L. Under these conditions, the amount of extracted polyphenols was 12.93 mg/g. The HPLC analysis of the polyphenol extract of Aronia melanocarpa obtained by β-cyclodextrin-assisted extraction showed that the polyphenols contained in the extract were vanillic acid, epicatechin, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid, with their contents were as 239.80 µg/g, 613.00 µg/g, 17.48 µg/g, 30.93 µg/g, and 16.11 µg/g, respectively. This research shows that /-cyclodextrin can assist the extraction of polyphenols from Aronia melanocarpa, which provides a theoretical reference for the development and application of Aronia melanocarpa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water-logging is a kind of meteorological disasters in rapeseed production areas in the Yangze River valley. In order to quantitatively study the rapeseed growth and yield under water-logging condition, to forecast and control the effect of water-logging on rapeseed at anthesis, this study took ZP4 and HYZ16 as experimental materials, analyzed the influence rule of waterlogging at anthesis on repeseed growth and yield; put forward waterlogging impact factors including above ground dry weight per plant, yield and yield components; initiatively constructed models for above ground dry weight per plant, yield, and yield components for ZP4. The water-logging impact factor for dry weight of per plant was the quadratic equation, and that for yield of per plant was the logarithm equation. The results of pot experiment utilizing water control showed that the correlation (r), average absolute difference (da), the ratio of da to average observation (da), and the RMSE value of simulation and observation in rapeseed above ground dry weight per plant, and yield per plant for HYZ16 were 0.949 9, 0.89 g/plant, 4.55%, and 1.09 g; and 0.920 1, 7.89 g/plant, 39.02%, and 8.58 g/plant. Only the simulation for the above ground dry weight per plant was precise, the precisity for yield per plant was low, indicating that the water-logging at anthesis under field condition was different from that under pot condition. The models developed in this paper can be combined with the rapeseed growth model developed previously, and thus be used in predicting rapeseed growth and yield with water-logging at anthesis after further validating and obtaining regional and site weather forecast, and model parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective To make an animal periodontitis and atherosclerosis compound model, and to study the effects of periodontitis on atherosclerosis. Methods 36 Japan rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: Including perio-dontitis model group, periodontitis and atherosclerosis compound model group, atherosclerosis model group and control group. Periodontitis model was initiated by ligating floss around teeth cervical and oral inoculating with Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis). Atherosclerosis was established by single iliac artery of balloon-injured rabbit. Histopathological change of injured iliac artery was observed under optical microscope after hematoxylin-eosion stain. Elastica van Gieson-stained sections were used for the morphometric analysis. We measured intimai and medial lesion areas in iliac artery cross-sections as well as the intimal/medial ratio (I/M). We also analyzed P.gingivalis 16S rDNA amplification with nested-polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR), and detect systemic proinflammatory mediators with enzyme linked im-munosorbent assayOELISA), including C-reactive protein(CRP), interleukin-6(IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Results The serum levels of CRP, IL-6 and IL-lß increased obviously among the compound model group than other groups (P<0.01). Histopathological observation revealed the compound model group in I/M was bigger than other groups (P< 0.01). P.gingivalis 16S rDNA was detected among the periodontitis model group and the compound model group by nested-PCR. Conclusion Periodontitis may accelerate intimai hyperplasia in balloon-injured iliac arteries by upgrade of systemic inflammation factors and local bacterial infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic rhinosinusitis （CRS） is a common chronic inflammatory disease in otorhinolaryngology, in which eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps represents the difficult-to-treat chronic rhinosinusitis （DTCRS） with poor prognosis. DTCRS has a poor prognosis, which seriously affects people's physical and mental health, and is treated with various means, including medication, biotherapy and surgery. In recent years, endoscopic sinus surgery and postoperative local administration of nasal hormones as one of its treatment methods have achieved good results. In this paper, we review the relevant literature at home and abroad and give an overview for the treatment means of surgery, focusing on the effect of endoscopic sinus surgery on the distributable range of postoperative nasal glucocorticosteroids in patients with DTCRS, and then on the postoperative efficacy of the treatment, with a view to providing a reference for the clinical treatment of DTCRS., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

The chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), the main component of dissolved organic matter, affects the morphological characteristics, migration, and conversion of pollutants in water. Based on UV-vis spectra and excitation emission matrix spectroscopy (EEMs) combined with the parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), the spatial distribution and spectral characteristics were investigated and source analysis of CDOM was performed. Thus, the spatiotemporal differences in the CDOM in Gangnan Reservoir were analyzed. Results showed that a 254 , a 260 , a 280 , and a 355 exhibited significant seasonal differences in Gangnan Reservoir, and the order of CDOM concentrations was summer > spring > autumn > winter. There are significant seasonal differences in the E2/E3, E3/E4, E4/E6, and S R of interstitial water CDOM. The concentrations of E2/E3, E3/E4, E4/E6, and S R were high in winter and low in summer. E2/E3 and E3/E4 in autumn and winter were significantly higher than those in spring and summer, and the E3/E4 in autumn and winter was greater than 3.5, which indicates that the CDOM of the autumn and winter sediments has a smaller molecular weight and a lower degree of humification. Protein-like substances (C1), short-wave fulvic acid (C2), and degraded humic substances (C3) were identified by the PARAFAC model, and there was a significant positive correlation among the three fluorescent components ( P <0.001). The total fluorescence intensity of CDOM and the fluorescence intensity of each fluorescent component show significant seasonal differences. The total fluorescence intensity and the fluorescence intensity of each component show the highest levels in spring, followed by autumn and winter, and the lowest levels in summer. The proportion of each fluorescent component in autumn and winter and that of each fluorescent component in spring and summer showed no significant difference. There was a significant difference in the proportion of each fluorescent component between autumn/winter and spring/summer. The BIX and FI of CDOM for autumn and winter were higher than those for spring and summer, indicating that the autogenous source of CDOM in autumn and winter is stronger than that in spring and summer, which was consistent with the result of HIX. PCA and Adonis analysis showed that the spectral characteristics of CDOM exhibited obvious seasonal differences ( P <0.001). Moreover, the C1, C2, and C3 and water quality parameters (NH 4 + , NO 3 - , NO 2 - , TDN, and TDP) exhibited significant correlation based on linear regression. The results could provide technical support for the control of organic carbon pollution sources and water quality management in Gangnan Reservoir.

To isolate the aerobic denitrification bacteria suitable for water quality in the low-temperature period of Baiyangdian Lake, a water quality investigation and bioinformatics analysis of the aerobic denitrification bacterial community were carried out using a MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technique based on napA . Moreover, α -diversity, β -diversity, and network analyses were also carried out. The results showed significant differences in the water quality of different sampling sites in Baiyangdian Lake, and the estuary area exhibited the highest nitrogen concentration. α -diversity exhibited significant differences ( P <0.05), and the abundance and diversity of ZZD and BH were the lowest. The operational taxonomic units of the water body mainly belonged to Proteobacteria ( α -Proteobacteria, β -Proteobacteria, and γ -Proteobacteria). Meanwhile, Venn diagram analysis indicated the community of aerobic denitrification bacteria exhibited significant differences, and variance inflation factor and redundancy analysis showed that temperature, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, nitrate, dissolved total phosphorus, and redox potential were the main environmental factors. Network analysis showed that symbiotic relationships accounted for a major proportion of the microbial network. Mantel test analysis shows that temperature, redox potential, nitrate, ammonia, dissolved total phosphorus, and iron and manganese are the key factors affecting the evolution of modular community structure. From all the results, the MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technique based on the napA gene was an effective tool to explore the changes of aerobic denitrification bacterial community structure, which could supply a reference to isolate the "directional-accurate-efficient" aerobic denitrification bacterial agent in the future.

Objective: To assess Shenzhen residents' dietary exposure to aflatoxins from 9 kinds of foods and health risk., Methods: Dietary intake of aflatoxins from local concentration data and foodstuff consumption data was simulated by Mont Carlo nonparametric probability approach., Results: Aflatoxins( AFT) average intake and high intake were 0. 8533 ng/( kg·BW·d) and 2. 1646 ng/( kg·BW·d), respectively. Aflatoxin B1( AFB1) average level intake and higher level intake were 0. 5113 ng/( kg·BW·d) and1. 3264 ng/( kg·BW·d), respectively. The potential risk for cancer using average data was estimated at 0. 0199 people/( ten thousand people·year), even though this was0. 0517 people/( ten thousand people·year) in higher level. Major exposure contribution to food were corn and products, rice and products, and peanut oil, corn oil., Conclusion: The current dietary intake of AFB1 and AFT in Shenzhen has no appreciable effect on health. Government action should be maintained and improved in order to guarantee, aiming at major exposure contribution to food, that special human exposure levels are kept was low as possible.

The sequences of ITS, matK, rbcL and psbA-trnH of 9 Gynostemma species or variety including 38 samples were compared and analyzed by molecular phylogeny method. Hemsleya macrosperma was designated as outgroup. The MP and NJ phylogenetic tree of Gynostemma was built based on ITS sequence, the results of PAUP phylogenetic analysis showed the following results: (1) The eight individuals of G. pentaphyllum var. pentaphyllum were not supported as monophyletic in the strict consensus trees and NJ trees. (2) It is suspected whether G. longipes and G. laxum should be classified as the independent species. (3)The classification of subgenus units of Gynostemma plants is supported.

Objective: To study the correlation of daily living activities with location and severity of trau- matic brain injury (TBI) and to provide a theoretical basis for improving the accuracy of expert opinion., Methods: Five hundred and one cases of patients with TBI were selected. Detailed records included following: pre-injury situation, location and severity of injury, treatment and education. Daily living activi- ties scale (Barthel index) was applied to test the subjects' daily living activities. The relevance among location and severity of TBI and Barthel index was statistically analyzed., Results: In mild TBI group, there was no significant difference in Barthel index among each location (P>0.05). In moderate TBI group, there were significant differences in Barthel index between subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral lobe injury, also between parietal, occipital lobes injury and frontal lobe injury, parietal, occipital lobes injury and temporal lobe (P<0.05), respectively, whereas no significant difference in Barthel index between frontal lobe injury and temporal lobe injury (P>0.05). In severe TBI, there were significant differences in Barthel index between every two different locations (P<0.05)., Conclusion: There is some correlation between the location of TBI and Barthel index, which provides an important reference value for analyzing and determining daily living activities after TBI.

Agarose gel/gold nanoparticles hybrid was prepared by adding gold nanoparticles to preformed agarose gel. Naniocomposite structures and properties were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy. Experimental data indicated a uniform distribution of gold nanoparticles adsorbed on agarose gel network And the excellent optical absorption properties were shown. Based on the swelling-contraction characteristics of agarose gel and the adjustable localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the gold nanoparticles, the nano-composites were used as surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate to detect the Raman signal molecules Nile blue A. Results revealed that the porous structure of the agarose gel provided a good carrier for the enrichment of the gold nanoparticles. The gold nanoparticles dynamic hot-spot effect arising from the agarose gel contraction loss of water in the air greatly enhanced the Raman signal.

Objective: To explore the effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) related proteins and their mediated apoptosis in the formation of deep tissue injury of pressure ulcer in rats., Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal control group and groups A, B, C, D according to the random number table, with 8 rats in each group. Rats in group A were loaded with 22.47 kPa pressure with a special pressure apparatus for 2.0 h in the region over gracilis, and then unloaded for 0.5 h. Rats in group B were treated with the same manoeuvre as that in group A for 3 times in one day. Rats in groups C and D were treated with the same manoeuvre as that in group B for 2 and 3 days. Rats in normal control group were free from pressure loading. Rats in groups A, B, C, and D were sacrificed after pressure loading, and then the central part of pressure loaded muscular tissues were harvested for observation of histomorphological change with HE staining; apoptotic nucleoli per millimeter pressure loaded muscular tissue were counted with Hoechst 33258 staining; the levels of binding protein (BIP), protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and caspase-12 were assessed with Western blotting (denoted as gray level ratio of target protein to GAPDH). The same parts of gracilis of rats in normal control group were harvested for determination of all the indexes as above. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance, LSD-t test was applied for paired comparison., Results: (1) Histomorphological observation. Some pathological changes, including inflammatory cell infiltration, myofibers lysis, and vacuolar degeneration, etc. were observed in pressure loaded muscular tissue of rats in groups A, B, C, and D, but not in the same parts of gracilis muscle of rats in normal control group. Compared with those in normal control group [(2.7 ± 1.4) per millimeter muscular tissue], the number of apoptotic nuclei was significantly increased in pressure loaded muscular tissue of rats in groups A, B, C, and D [(14.5 ± 4.4), (11.0 ± 2.9) , (13.8 ± 5.1), (21.3 ± 6.0) per millimeter pressure loaded muscular tissue, with t values from 4.223 to 6.000, P values all below 0.01). (2) Western blotting. The protein expressions of BIP and PDI in rats of normal control group and groups A, B, C, D were respectively 0.64 ± 0.12, 1.20 ± 0.34, 1.59 ± 0.24, 1.17 ± 0.28, 1.44 ± 0.33; 0.48 ± 0.15, 0.61 ± 0.19, 1.23 ± 0.38, 0.37 ± 0.19, 0.29 ± 0.15, and they showed significant statistical difference (with F values respectively 5.32, 7.95, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The protein expressions of CHOP and caspase-12 in rats of normal control group and groups A, B, C, D were respectively 0.58 ± 0.18, 1.48 ± 0.27, 1.03 ± 0.21, 0.95 ± 0.30, 1.69 ± 0.34; 0.55 ± 0.12, 1.08 ± 0.31, 0.69 ± 0.24, 1.79 ± 0.20, 2.06 ± 0.47, with significant statistical difference (with F values respectively 8.17, 15.48, P values all below 0.01)., Conclusions: ERS related proteins and their apoptotic pathway may play an important role in the formation of deep tissue injury of pressure ulcer in rats.

The expression of phenylalnine ammonia lyase (LJPAL1) is closely related to the content of active compounds in Lonicera japonica. In this paper, a prokaryotic expression vector is constructed and LJPAL1 protein is expressed in E. coli. Three antigen sites were synthesized to peptide antigen and prepared polyclonal antibody of Anti-LJT-1, Anti-LJT-2 and Anti-LJT-3, separately. Antibody Anti-LJT-2 was screened using Western blotting. And indirect ELISA was built using Anti-LJT-2. The results of this study will be a base for honeysuckle chemical quality and evaluation kits.

Objective: To study the role of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway in chondrocyte apoptosis induced by nitric oxide (NO) using NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and JNK inhibitor SP600125., Methods: Articular chondrocytes were separated from New Zealand rabbits aged 3 weeks by mechanical digestion and enzyme digestion and identified by toluidine blue staining, and then the chondrocytes were treated with SNP and SP600125 for 24 h. The cell apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL), and the expression levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and p53 were measured by western blot., Results: Compared with those in control group, the early apoptotic rate of SNP-treated chondrocytes increased as the concentration of SNProse, exhibiting a concentration dependency (P < 0.05), and the expression levels of NF-κB p65 and p53 also increased (P < 0.05); JNK inhibitor SP600125 inhibited these increases (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: JNK signaling pathway plays an important role in NO-induced chondrocyte apoptosis. JNK inhibitor SP600125 can reduce NO-induced apoptosis and expression of NF-κB p65 and p53 in articular chondrocytes of rabbits in a concentration-dependent manner.

The mechanism of patulin adsorption by inactivated cider yeast was studied by chemical modification and FTIR The results of patulin removal by various modified yeast biomass showed that the ability of patulin biosorption by acetone-treated yeast and NaOH-treated yeast increased siginificantly, while the methylation of amino group and esterification of carboxylate functionalities of yeast cell surface caused a decrease in patulin binding, which indicated that amino group and carboxyl group presented in the cell walls of yeast might be involved in the binding of patulin to the yeast. The FTIR analysis indicated that the main functional groups were amino group, carboxyl group and hydroxy group which are associated with protein and polysaccharides.

Objective: To clone IspE and IspH unigene from Lonicera japonica and its substitutes, and analyze their gene sequence, protein properties and transcriptional level., Method: IspE and IspH unigene ware obtained from the transcriptome dataset of L. japonica. Full-length cDNA of IspE and IspH were cloned from buds of L. japonica, L. japonica var. chinensis, L. hypoglauca and L. dasystyla using RT-PCR technology, and named as LJIspE, LHIspE, LJCIspE, and LDIspE, LJIspH, LJCIspH, LHIspH and LDI-spH, respectively. And we also predicted the structure and function of IspE and IspH proteins., Result: IspE contained an open reading frame that consisted of 1 221 bp, encoding one polypeptide with 422 amino acids. A complete open reading frame of IspH gene consisted of 1 380 bp and encoded 459 amino acids. Both IspE and IspH ware non-secreted proteins and localized in the chloroplast. Transcripted level of IspE and IspH in bud of L. japonica, L. hypoglauca and L. dasystyla was not significantly difference, but their transcripted level in L. japonica var. chinensis was significantly higher than that in L. japonica., Conclusion: The clone of IspE and IspH will help for further research on the synthesis of terpenes, aroma and color.

Background and Objective: It has been proven that the development and biological behavior of lung carcinoma is affected by a number of signaling pathway elements. The expression levels of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) were correlated with tumorigenesis and prognosis. This study aims to investigate KLF4 and SPARC expression and their correlation with the clinical characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)., Methods: KLF4 and SPARC expression was examined immunohistochemically in NSCLC and normal lung tissues from 89 patients., Results: SPARC expression was increased in the tumor specimens compared with the control tissue (70.8% vs 7.9%, P<0.05), whereas KLF4 protein was reduced compared with that in the control tissue (42.7% vs 88.8%, P<0.05). KLF4 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and clinical stage (P<0.05). KLF4 expression in NSCLC decreased with the increasing clinical stage. The positive rate of SPARC expression in NSCLC with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that without lymph node metastasis (81.3% vs 58.5%, P<0.05). Lung carcinomas in stages I and II disease had significantly lower rates of positive SPARC expression than that in stages III and IV diseases (P<0.05). Both were not related to age, sex, and tumor size (P>0.05). KLF4 expression was negatively correlated with SPARC expression in NSCLC (r=-0.245, P<0.05)., Conclusions: The SPARC overexpression may play an important role in the initiation and development of NSCLC, whereas KLF4 inhibits this process. These proteins may be used as marker for evaluating the biological characteristics and clinical stages of NSCLC.

Objective: To study the developmental phase on the growth and active compounds in Scutellaria baicalensis., Method: Seeds of wild plants were collected from Laiwu and sowed in Fangshan (Beijing) and Laiwu (Shandong). Samples of aerial and underground parts were collected in five growth periods of sprouts, seedlings, flowering, seed drop and withered periods respectively. The length of taproot, fresh weight of root, diameter of taproot and the length of stem were determined. The content of active compounds and total flavonoids were determined by HPLC and ultraviolet spectrophotometry respectively. The transcripted level of PAL1, PAL2, PAL3, C4H, 4CL, CHS, GUS and UBGAT were analyzed with RT-PCR., Result: The results showed that the aerial part of S. baicalensis grew quickly before flowering stage, and the underground part grew mostly between the periods of flowering and withered. In the whole growing developmental periods, the content of total flavonoids was not changed significantly, the content of baicalin was increased gradually and the content of baicalein was decreased gradually. Expression level of PAL and 4CL was the highest in withered period, CHS was increased between flowering and seed drop and decreased in withered period., Conclusion: Seedlings and withered periods may be the key phase affecting the growth and active compounds in S. baicalensis.

A FatB unigene was obtained from the transcriptome dataset of Lonicera japonica Thunb. Full-length FatB cDNA was cloned from buds of Lonicera japonica Thunb., Lonicera japonica Thunb. var. chinensis (Wats.) Bak., Lonicera hypoglauca Miq. and Lonicera dasystyla Rehd. using RT-PCR technology, and named as LJFatB, LHFatB, LJCFatB and LDFatB. The results of bioinformatic analysis showed that LJFatB, LJCFatB, LHFatB and LDFatB and Arabidopsis thaliana AtFatB had a closely relationship. Nucleotide sequences and protein secondary structure of LJFatB, LJCFatB, LHFatB and LDFatB are different and their proteins had conserved FatB substrate binding sites and catalytic activity sites. Transcriptive level of LJFatB, LJCFatB, LHFatB and LDFatB in bud was not significantly different. Therefore, LJFatB, LJCFatB, LHFatB and LDFatB could have the same biological function as AtFatB.

Objective: To make an animal periodontitis and atherosclerosis compound model, and to study the effects of periodontitis on atherosclerosis., Methods: 36 Japan rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: Including periodontitis model group, periodontitis and atherosclerosis compound model group, atherosclerosis model group and control group. Periodontitis model was initiated by ligating floss around teeth cervical and oral inoculating with Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). Atherosclerosis was established by single iliac artery of balloon-injured rabbit. Histopathological change of injured iliac artery was observed under optical microscope after hematoxylin-eosion stain. Elastica van Gieson-stained sections were used for the morphometric analysis. We measured intimal and medial lesion areas in iliac artery cross-sections as well as the intimal/medial ratio (I/M). We also analyzed P. gingivalis 16S rDNA amplification with nested-polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR), and detect systemic proinflammatory mediators with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)., Results: The serum levels of CRP, IL-6 and IL-1beta increased obviously among the compound model group than other groups (P<0.01). Histopathological observation revealed the compound model group in I/M was bigger than other groups (P<0.01). P. gingivalis 16S rDNA was detected among the periodontitis model group and the compound model group by nested-PCR., Conclusion: Periodontitis may accelerate intimal hyperplasia in balloon-injured iliac arteries by upgrade of systemic inflammation factors and local bacterial infection.

The aim of this study is to synthesize the ordered mesoporous silica (OMS) as drug carrier to improve release property of insoluble drug and investigate the dissolution profile of insoluble drug from the porous carrier. The OMS was obtained by using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as the template and resveratrol was selected as the model drug. The resveratrol-loaded OMS (Res-OMS) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and FT-IR spectroscopy. In vitro drug release behavior was also investigated. It was found that the synthesized OMS showed a large surface area, a narrow pore size distribution and an important mesoporosity associated to hexagonally organized channels. Compared with physical mixture and crystalline powder, resveratrol was in amorphous or molecular form after loading into OMS. The release rate ofresveratrol from drug-loaded OMS was significantly increased suggesting the great potential application of OMS for the formulation of poorly soluble drugs.

Aim: To study the expression and clinical significance of Nrf2 (Nuclear factor E2 p45-related factor 2) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)., Methods: The expression of Nrf2 in 32 cases of EC tissues, 30 cases of adjacent tissues, 21 positive Lymph node tissues and 24 negative Lymph node tissues was assessed by SP immunohistochemical method., Results: The main location of Nrf2 was nuclear, and the positive rates of Nrf2 in the cancer tissues was 78.13%, while that in the adjacent tissues group was 13.33%, and showed 66.67% and 20.83% in the positive Lymph node tissues and negative Lymph node tissues respectively, there was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The Nrf2 positive rate was closely correlated with the lymph node metastasis (P<0.05), but showed no statistical associated with age, sex, TNM stage, degree of tumor differentiation and the location of tumor., Conclusion: The Nrf2 has high expression in ESCC tissues, and the positive rate is closely correlated with the lymph node metastasis, The Nrf2 may play an important role in ESCC oncogenesis and drug resistence.