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In order to evaluate the meshing quality of antenna base gears, a method based on the image linear weighted gray-scale was proposed. In this method, the original image of the contact marks in the gear meshing area was collected by CCD cameras. Then, a set of real-time image processing system was built. Aiming at the edge blur problem of traditional adaptive weights graying in different lighting environments, a linear weighted gray-scale image preprocessing method was proposed to enhance target color component. Through the steps of image segmentation and mathematical morphology feature extraction, the relevant parameters reflecting the meshing quality of the antenna base gear were obtained, including the size, shape and position of the contact impression area on the tooth surface. Finally, a set of digital measurement and evaluation method of gear meshing quality was developed to achieve the accurate evaluation of the gear meshing quality of the antenna base. The test results show that the linear weighted gray-scale method has better adaptability under different ambient brightness, and the error of feature extraction results is smaller than other methods.

Objective In view of the constant changes of shield tail clearance during shield or tunnel boring machine excavation process, to ensure construction safety, it is necessary to measure shield tail clearance in real-time. Addressing the shortcomings of non-contact shield tail clearance measurement devices, such as poor environmental adaptability, low accuracy, and high cost, the development and implementation of a contact-type, as in mechanical shield tail clearance measurement device is carried out. Method Angle measurement is conducted using a magneto-sensitive angle sensor, and mathematical calculations are then applied to convert the angle values into distance values and obtain corresponding shield tail clearance values, thereby achieving real-time measurement of the shield tail clearance. Result & Conclusion This device undergoes testing and application in engineering sites, demonstrating satisfactory performance. The mechanical shield tail clearance measurement device enables continuous real-time measurement of the shield tail clearance, with measurement data storable locally and accessible remotely, providing high measurement efficiency. Mechanical measurement does not require complex data processing, resulting in relatively high measurement accuracy, controllable within one millimeter. The cost of this device is low, approximately one-fifth of the non-contact measurement device cost, contributing to cost control efforts.

[Objective] To analyze the scale-dependent relationships between daily sediment yield and key environmental factors and to explore effective prediction method to cope with the prediction challenges caused by the complexity of sediment transport mechanisms and the nonlinearity of hydrological processes. [Methods] Employing the Composite Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN) approach, we analyzed the multi-temporal scale variability characteristics between daily sediment yield and five potential influencing variables (flow rate, precipitation, average temperature, potential evapotranspiration, and NDVI) in the controled regions of four hydrological stations in the Fu River basin of Southwest China from 2013 to 2018. Interactions between daily sediment yield and related variables at different temporal scales were identified, upon which predictions of daily sediment yield were predicted. [Results] The CEEMDAN method successfully decomposed the daily sediment yield and its potential influencing variables into 10-11 intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and residual item, revealing the significant changes of the daily sediment yield at different temporal scales ranging from 3 to 730 days. After decomposition, daily sediment yield showed significantly enhanced correlation with howrate and precipitation across all temporal scales, whereas temperature, potential evapotranspiration, and NDVI were primarily significantly correlated with long-term scale sediment yields. By using stepwise multiple linear regression to predict the daily sediment yield, the prediction performance of the model is significant, and the R2 values exceeds 0.55 at all stations. [Conclusion] The CEEMDAN method effectively revealed the scale dependency between sediment yield and its influencing variables, offering a new perspective for understanding the dynamics of river sediment transport.

This study explored the effect of commercial ripened Pu-erh tea (Y562, China Tea (Yunnan) Industry Co. Ltd.) on improving the health of populations with abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism. Qualified volunteers were recruited for nutritional epidemiological and clinical intervention studies. The volunteers were asked to drink the tea for three months. Their body composition (body mass, body mass index (BMI), body fat ratio and visceral fat), body circumferences (waist circumference, hip circumference and neck circumference), glucose metabolism-related indicators (fasting blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin), lipid metabolism-related indicators (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1 and B), blood uric acid levels, liver fat contents, and gut microbiota were tested and compared before and after drinking the tea to explore its health benefits. The results showed that after drinking Y562 without any change in diet or exercise for three months, the body mass, BMI, body circumferences, blood lipids (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1 and B), and liver fat contents of the volunteers were significantly improved (P 0.05). Moreover, the gut microbiota was improved, showing increased uniformity. The relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Akkermansia muciniphila, Clostridium screenens and Streptococcus thermophilus was increased, while that of Streptococcus, Lactococcus, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium and Paraacteroides distasonis was decreased. This study suggests that ripened Pu-erh tea Y562 has the potential to help reduce the body mass, improve the body shape, reduce blood glucose and lipids, and alleviate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The underlying mechanism may be related to the regulation of the intestinal microecology and the bile acid pathways by Pu-erh tea.

Infrared small target detection has been widely used in the military and civil fields. The detection difficulties lie in small target size, few details and complex background interference. Existing classic deep learning detection methods are commonly suitable for generic target detection, but have poor adaptability to infrared small targets. To handle these problems, this article build a new infrared small target detection network based on U-shaped attention block and pixel-wise attention block. Firstly, a residual U-shaped attention block to extract multi-scale features through local U-shaped subnetworks in a single layer level and extract multiscale features to enrich the representation of small-scale target features is designed, so as to enhance the network′s ability to discriminate small-scale targets. Then, small target information is further preserved through dense fusion method to alleviate the semantic gap feature fusion between different layers and reduce the miss detection rate. Finally, the pixel-wise attention in space and channel dimensions is applied to the fused feature map to enhance small targets and suppress complex background interference. The experimental results show that the present network outperforms the latest benchmark method in the intersection over union, detection probability and false alarm rate of two infrared small target data sets NUDT-SIRST and IRSTD-1k. Moreover, the present network also achieves a good balance between the detection accuracy and the efficiency.

This study conducted four voyages of the surface of the waters of the Miaodao Archipelago in August 2018, October 2018, March 2019 and June 2019. In the seawater quality survey, 100 stations were set up to analyze the distribution of physicochemical parameters such as water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, PO4-P, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, petroleum hydrocarbons. The nutritional status and organic pollution status of the sea area were evaluated. The results showed that the mean value of water temperature was (16.8±5.69)℃, the average pH was 8.13±0.074, the average DO concentration was (8.62±1.46) mg/L, the average COD concentration was (0.85±0.29) mg/L, the average DIN concentration was (0.0706±0.0545) mg/L, the average PO4-P concentration was (0.0706±0.0545) mg/L, the average TN concentration was (0.255±0.148) mg/L, and the average TP concentration was (0.0133± 0.00639) mg/L, the average concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons was (0.0135±0.00755) mg/L. The physical and chemical parameters of the waters of the Miaodao Archipelago basically meet the Class II seawater quality standards. The water quality eutrophication index of the monitoring station in the sea area is basically < 1, and the nutritional status of the sea area is basically poor nutrition. The water quality of the sea area was evaluated by the organic pollution evaluation index method, and the water quality level of 96% of the monitoring stations in the four months was good.

In order to evaluate the distribution characteristics and pollution risk of heavy metals in sediments of Yanhe river, we investigated the contents of the heavy metals in the sediments from 9 representative sections of the river. The index of potential ecological risk and the index of geo-accumulation were used to assess the pollution degree and the ecological risk of heavy metals in the sediment, and the Pearson correlation was used to determine the pollution sources. The results showed that the average contents of Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, As, Cd, Hg and As in the sediments were 124.56, 98.21, 66.00, 46.20, 22.64, 4.45, 0.14 and 0.11 mg·kg-1, respectively. Among them, the average contents of Pb, Hg, Cu, Cr and Cd exceeded the environmental background values of Shaanxi Province by 5.8, 4.4, 3.2, 1.8 and 1.4 times, respectively, and the average contents of Ni, As and Zn were lower than the environmental background values of Shaanxi Province. The average of heavy metals in the sediment of Yanhe river is 303.14, with the potential ecological risk index arranged from high to low as S8>S1>S5>S7>S2>S3>S6>S9>S4, and the proportions of medium potential ecological risk and strong ecological risk is 11.1% and 88.9%, mainly caused by Hg. Meanwhile, the geo-accumulation index of Cr, Pb, Hg and Cu in the sediments is greater than 0, which is mild-moderate pollution; the geo-accumulation index of the Cd is between -0.37 and 0.11, which is no-mild pollution; and the geo-accumulation index of Ni, Zn and As are less than 0, which is no pollution. Ni, Cd and Cu in the sediments of Yanhe river have a high similarity, and industrial layout, road traffic and geological activities may be the primary sources of pollution.

Tooth break is a common fault which always occurs in the planetary gearboxes, and when it occurs, due to the influence of transmission path, the vibration signal collected by the sensor becomes complicated, which brings difficulties to fault diagnosis. Thus, in order to study the influence of transmission path on spectrum structure of planetary gearboxes with tooth break fault, the rigid-flexible coupling models with no fault, sun gear tooth break fault, planet gear tooth break fault and ring gear tooth break fault of planetary gearboxes are established on Adams, and the vibration signals of the box body are extracted and analyzed by simulation. The simulation results show that: in the time-domain, the change of the path will have an obvious amplitude modulation on the vibration signal which is measured at a fixed point of the box. What's more, in the spectrum diagram, the two sides of the meshing frequency will also produce side bands composed of different frequencies.This study can provide basis and reference for fault diagnosis of planetary gearboxes in the future.

Objective To investigate the role of exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in peritoneal fibrosis induced by high glucose peritoneal dialysis in mice. Methods Thirty-two male C57bl/6 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: the normal control, the saline, the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate and the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate+exosome group. A mouse model of peritoneal fibrosis induced by high glucose peritoneal dialysis was established. The mice were sacrificed after 42 d and the specimens were collected. Peritoneal function was detected by modified peritoneal balance test (PET); The expression of peritoneal fibrosis markers was detected by immunohistochemical method; The expression of peritoneal fibrosis factor mRNA was detected by real-time quantitative PCR, and the expression of pro-fibrotic factor was detected by ELISA. Results Compared with the normal control group, the 4.25% peritoneal dialysis group had obviously increased thickness of subcutaneous area of peritoneal mesothelium (P < 0.01). The expression of peritoneal fibrosis markers (α-SMA, collagen-Ⅰ and Collagen-Ⅲ) was significantly increased in the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate group, while the expression of peritoneal fibrosis markers in the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate+exosome group was significantly lower than that in the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate group (P < 0.01). Compared with the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate+exosome group, the ultrafiltration function of mice in the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate+exosome group was significantly improved (P < 0.05). qRT-PCR results showed that the level of peritoneal fibrosis promoting factor TGF-β1 in the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate+exosome group was significantly lower than that in the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate+exosome group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Exosomes derived from BMSCs can effectively reduce peritoneal fibrosis induced by high glucose peritoneal dialysis solution in mice. Exosomes derived from BMSCs may be a new method to inhibit peritoneal fibrosis.

Fluorite is a kind of non-renewable strategic mineral resources, and its application is very broad. China is rich in fluorite reserves, however, there are less rich ore, more lean ore, associated ore and refractory ore, and the fluorite mineral has fine dissemination size and complex symbiosis with gangue minerals, so the conventional physical mineral processing method can not efficiently recover the fluorite resources, resulting in a huge waste of resources. As an effective separation method of fine minerals, flotation is also widely used in fluorite mineral processing. Flotation separation of fluorite and calcite is difficult due to the similarity of surface active sites and homogenization effect of the two minerals. Therefore, the development of efficient flotation agents for these two minerals is a difficult point in the field of fluorite flotation reagents research. Based on the research status of flotation separation reagent of fluorite and calcite, overview of collector, inhibitor types and effects in common use, and the effect of metal ions on the flotation of positive flotation is stressed in this paper, and the direction of future reagent research is analyzed, finally the conclusion of research and development of modified collectors and combined collectors, combined inhibitors and new inhibitors, and the exploration of the positive inhibition effect of metal ions is found out, which is the development trend of the flotation separation reagent of fluorite and the same type of carbonate calcium-containing minerals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Background】 Optimizing irrigation amount can save water and fertilizer use without compromising crop yield, especially for facility agriculture where long-term application of fertilizers often results in nutrient accumulation and enhance gas emission due to the lack of natural leaching of the nutrients. However, there is limited study on how changes in drip irrigation amount and timing affect nutrient distribution and its uptake by crops. The aim of this paper is to plug this gap. 【Method】 We take facility production of cucumber in Sichuan province as an example and used the variety of Chuancui 13 as the model crop. There were five irrigation treatments which were to control the volumetric soil water content at: 25%～30% (T1), 35%～40% (T2), 45%～50% (T3), 55%～60% (T4) and 65%～70% (T5) of the field capacity, respectively. The cucumbers in all treatment were watered with mulched drip irrigation by plastic film; in each treatment, we measured the content of nitrate, available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), as well as the cucumber yield. 【Result】 Increasing drip irrigation amount resulted in nitrate and available P and K to move downward to the subsoil, but it increased cucumber yield, with the yield of T5 being 55.60% higher than that of T1. The T4 treatment had the highest nutrient accumulation in the fruits, and compared with T1, it increased the accumulation of N, P2O5 and K2O in soil by 58.23%, 46.53% and 48.25% respectively, and their associated uptake rate from the soil by the cucumber by 30.95%, 7.74% and 57.62%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 For facility production of cucumber we investigated in Sichuan province, the optimal drip irrigation amount was 3 288.60 m3/hm2. Rationally increasing the irrigation amount can boost nutrient uptake by the crop and improved fertilizers use efficiency, thereby reducing their losses from leaching and/or emissions.

Silicone rubber is widely used in composite insulators and anti-pollution flashover coatings in the power industry. However,after long-term operation,it is prone to aging chalking and dirt deposition,which reduces the surface hydrophobicity. Hundreds of millions of silicone rubber insulators are in service for many years in the power grid,and it is urgent to study a new type of cleaning agent that can remove surface contamination and repair the aging layer of silicone rubber. The effects of different non-ionic surfactant content and repair agent content on cleaning efficiency and hydrophobicity were investigated. Experiments show that when the content of non-ionic surfactant is 3%,the cleaning efficiency is up to 95%. When the content of the repairing agent is 11%,the hydrophobicity is the best,and its hydrophobic migration can reach the HC1 level. Through scanning electron microscopy analysis,it is found that the micropores and cracks on the surface of the silicone rubber disappear after cleaning,and the surface is smooth,indicating that the cleaning agent has the ability of removing the aging layer and contamination,and repairing the aging insulators. This provides a theoretical and practical basis for continuing to develop silicone rubber clean-repairing agents and extending the service life of insulators.

Objective To explore the expression level of vascular noninflammatory molecule-1 (Vanin-1) in renal tissue after renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and its relationship with the recovery of renal function. Methods Eight-week-old male BALB/c wild-type and Vanin-1 knockout mice were subjected in this study. They were randomly divided into sham operation group, I/R group, knockout group, knockout+ I/R group, with 6 mice in each group. In the I/R model groups, the bilateral renal pedicles were separated and clamped for 35 min, and then the clamp was released to restore blood flow. For the sham operation and knockout groups, only the renal pedicles were exposed without clipping. Serum, urine, and kidney tissue specimens were collected at 0, 3, and 14 d after surgery to determine blood creatinine and urea nitrogen levels and urine TGF-β level. PAS staining was used to determine the severity of renal tissue damage, and immunohistochemical assay was employed to test the expression of Vanin-1 in renal tissue. After renal tubular epithelial cells were isolated from the kidneys of the wild-type and Vanin-1 knockout mice, the cells were primarily cultured and then passed down to the second generation. Then the cells were divided into control group, injury group, knockout group, and knockout+injury group. The cell injury was inflicted with culture condition of hypoxia (1%O2, 94%N2, 5%CO2) for 48 h followed by reoxygenation (5%CO2, 95% air) for 24 h to simulate in vitro I/R injury model. The expression of Vanin-1 and supernatant content of TGF-β were measured. Results In 3 d after I/R injury, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05), and PAS staining indicated obvious renal tissue damage in the I/R and knockout+I/R groups when compared the sham operation group. But there were no significant differences in the levels and the tissue damages between the I/R and knockout+I/R groups. However, on the 14th day after I/R injury, the 2 groups got the serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels and renal tissue damage significantly recovered than the conditions on the 3rd day, but the knockout+I/R group recovered significantly faster and obtained milder renal damage (P < 0.05), lower urine TGF-β level and higher Vanin-1 level when compared with the I/R group. In the in vitro study, the mimic I/R injury resulted in obviously increased Vanin-1 level (P < 0.01), and increased TGF-β content in the supernatant (P < 0.05) in the renal tubular epithelial cells when compared in the cells of the knockout+I/R group. Conclusion Vanin-1 promotes the secretion of TGF-β in renal tubular epithelial cells after I/R injury, delays the recovery of renal function, and promotes the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD).

【Background】 Cucumber is one of the main vegetables cultivated in the Sichuan basin, but the annual average solar radiation, 1 500 MJ/m2, in the basin cannot meet its requirement for light. Many studies have shown that mulching soil by plastic film can improve light utilization efficiency of plants and consequently increases their yields. 【Objective】 This paper aims to investigate the effects of the color of mulch films on development and yield of cucumber grown in the fall in the Sichuan basin. 【Method】 The field experiments compared four plastic films: transparent film (T1), black film (T2) and silver-black film (T3), with a treatment without mulch taken as the control (CK). In each treatment, we measured soil temperature profile, change in plant height and other plant traits. 【Result】 Compared with the CK, mulching at low light condition in the fall increased the root-zone temperature, with T1, T2 and T3 increasing the temperature in 0~15 cm soil by 0.8~0.9 ℃, 0.5~0.6 ℃ and 0.2~0.6 ℃, respectively. Compared with the CK, T1, T2 and T3 increased the plant height by 6.9%, 8.7% and 15.3% respectively, the number of fruits per plant by 20.6%, 20.6% and 8.8%, respectively, and the plot-yield by 19.25%, 7.18% and 16.24% respectively. Mulching with all three plastic films increased soil temperature and promoted cucumber growth, thereby increasing it yield. No significant difference was found between the three film mulches in their impact on soil temperature and the cucumber yield. 【Conclusion】 Film mulch can improve yield of the cucumber grown in the fall, and there was no difference between the three mulch films we compared in their impact on soil temperature and the cumber yield.

Objective To observe the effects of low-gluten rice feeding on nutrient metabolism and renal function in mice. Methods Thirty male C57/BL6 mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into 3 equal groups for dietary intervention with normal chow (control group), common rice mixed at 1 :1 ratio with normal chow (normal rice group), or low-gluten rice mixed at 1 :1 with normal chow (low-gluten rice group). Each mouse was given free access to food separately, and their food intake was monitored on a daily basis. Body weight of the mice was measured once a week during dietary intervention. Urine samples were collected at 4, 8, and 12 weeks during the feeding, and serum and renal tissue samples were obtained at 12 weeks to assess the parameters related with the nutritional status (total protein, albumin, prealbumin, globulin, calcium, and phosphorus levels), renal function (blood creatinine and urea nitrogen), and the urine markers [urine creatinine, urine albumin/urinary creatinine ratio (ACR), β-N-acetylglucosaminide (NAG), and urine protein]. PAS staining was used for pathological examination of the renal tissues of the mice in the 3 groups. Results The average food intake or body weight of the mice did not differ significantly among the 3 groups during the dietary intervention. The nutritional status and the renal function at 12 weeks were similar among the 3 groups. The mice in low-gluten rice group showed a significantly lower level of total urine protein at 12 weeks and lower urine ACR and NAG levels at 4, 8 and 12 weeks than those in the other two groups. None of the mice in the 3 groups showed obvious histopathological changes in the kidneys. Conclusion Low-gluten rice (W0868) diet can significantly reduce urine protein levels to protect the renal function in mice without causing adverse effect on the nutritional status.

The development of the theoretical system of civil law scholarship and the codification of civil law are closely related and of promotional function to each other. The codification of civil law can promote the systematization of civil law scholarship, perfection of the value system, development and modernization of civil law studies, and the systematization of legal hermeneutics. The subjectivity of China’s civil law scholarship, i.e., the notions of problem-orientation, nativeness, practice, the times and innovations, can be improved during China’s civil law codification. The codification of civil law can promote the development of a theoretical system of civil law scholarship with Chinese characteristics, including the development of diversified elements such as values, content, system, hermeneutics and methods of civil law

To understand the population makeup and fauna distribution of fish stocks at YongdingRiver. Based on fish surveys in 2016 and relevant literature, this paper summarizes the species offish in Yongding River, concludes that Yongding River is belong to riverplain region afteranalysis,and obtains the loss index of fish according to existing species and historical data. Theresults show that there are 44 species of fish in Yongding River system, which are dominated bymiddle and low-layer, omnivorous, small fishes. The proportion of Cyprinidae is 50%, with thelargest number of species, and the other species are fewer. There are 31 species appeared inexisting species and historical data, but 13 existing species do not appear in the historical data.The historical investigation might be incomprehensive,so the 13 species should be included in thehistorical data. The bio-loss index of fish is 0.667 and the marks of fish index is 48.93, whichindicate that fishes are in the sub-health level. The ecological protection of the Yongding Rivershould be strengthened to restore the fish habitat.

In order to improve the flame retardancy and anti-drip performance of polyester fabrics, a flame retardant DOPO-APTES containing three elements of N, P and Si was synthesized by Atherton-Todd reaction using DOPO and APTES as raw materials. DOPO-APTES was finished onto polyester fabrics by sol-gel method. Compared with the original polyester, the residual charcoal rate of polyester fabrics after finishing was obviously increased, with better flame retardant effect, and the anti-drip performance was greatly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the deficiency of traditional starch sizing that needs high temperature modulation to be applied to denim yarn sizing and in order to improve the film-forming flexibility and mechanical properties, the raw starch was pretreated with acid hydrolysis to obtain hydrolyzed starch (HS), and hen HS was modified by etherification with N-2, 3-glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (GTA). The change of starch groups before and after etherification was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H NMR). X-ray diffractometer (XRD) was used to detect the crystallinity of the sizing. The thermal stability of starch before and after modification was characterized by thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and the surface morphology of denim yarn before and after sizing was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) or polarizing microscope (PLM). The effects of different molar ratios of GTA to anhydroglucose unit (AGU) in starch on the degree of substitution, reaction efficiency, solubility and Zeta potential were investigated, as well as their effects on the application in sizing. The results show that the treatment of acid hydrolysis and etherification destroys the structure of starch, reduces the crystallinity by 44.37%. The etherification reaction between starch and GTA can improve the thermal stability of starch. When the reaction temperature is 55 °C, the reaction time is 1 h, and the molar ratio of GTA to AGU is 0.3, the degree of substitution of the prepared GTA starch (HS-g-GTA) can reach 0.111 with reaction efficiency of 55.70% and solubility of 93%. Compared with the original yarn, the denim yarn sized by HS-g-GTA showes an increase of 40.07% in breaking strength, 11.82% in elogation at break, 4 times in abrasion frequency, and a decrease of 90% in hairiness index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanorod-like anatase TO2 sol was prepared by low temperature hydrothermal method, and nano-Tio2-Pt composites with different contents of Pt were prepared by noble metal deposition using chloroplatlnic aid as Pt source. The surface morphology and optical properties of nano-Tio2-Pt composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV is absorption spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) aqueous solution was carried out using xenon lamp to simulate visible light source, and the photocatalytic activity of the sample was evaluated by the degradation efficiency. The results show that the size of titanium dioxide sol prepared was standard anatase type with uniform size. Moreover, Pt nanoparticles were well dispersed on the surface of TiO2. Because of the existence of platinum layer, photoelectron-hole recombination was inhibited, the life of photocarrier was prolonged, and the quantum efficiency was improved. The photocatalytic activity of Tio2-Pt was much higher than that of TiO2, and the degradation efficiency of methylene blue reached 88.5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the dyeing of nanofibers and their fabrics, the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyacrylomtrile-polyethyleneimine (PAN-PEI) nanofiber/wool core-spun yarns were prepared using the electrospinning nanoyarn device, and they were weaved into woven samples as weft yarns. The structural properties of yarns and fabrics were characterized by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), single yarn strength test, etc. In order to study the effect of different nanofibers/wool core-spun yarns on the dyeing properties of fabrics, the dyeing properties of the fabrics that dyed with the reactive dye Crozol were tested. The results show that, compared to PAN nanofiber/wool core-spun yarns, PAN-PEI nanofiber/wool core-spun yarns can be dyed by one bath dyeing, and the dyeing evenness is good. The color fastness to rubbing and washing of PAN-PEI /wool core-spun yarn dyed fabrics is above grade 4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-axis tool grinding software for complex-shaped tools become one of the bottlenecks needed to break through by manufacturing industries in China. Therefore, the application scenarios and requirements of tool grinding software were introduced, and the main tool grinding software brands abroad and their functional characteristics were summarized. And the key technologies to be broken through in tool grinding software were analyzed from the perspective of key theoretical problems involved in mathematics, mechanics, material science and other software. Then, the intelligent development trends of tool grinding software in the future were proposed, which may provide references for the independent research and development of tool grinding software in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, rod-shaped nano ZnO and Ag/In modified ZnO composites with different doping ratio were prepared by hydrothermal method with Zn(NO3)2 ⋅ 6(H2O), C6H12N4, AgNO3 and Tn(NO3)3 as raw materials. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry and UV protection coefficient tester. The results showed that the degradation rate of methylene blue in aqueous solution reached 90.17% when 1 0%Ag-4%Tn/ZnO was exposed to UV light for 120 min, and almost completely degraded when exposed to UV light for 180 min, showing excellent photocatalytic activity of ZnO sample. After 10% Ag-4%Tn/ZnO treated the modified polyester fabric, the UV shielding level was up to 50 +, so it had good UV resistance property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The terminal amino group hyperbranched polyamide (HBPAMAM-EP) was prepared by epichloro-hydrin-terminated amino-hyperbranched polyamide (HBPAMAM), and it was combined with ZnO to make a versatile cotton fabric for cotton fabric finishing. The results showed that when the ratio of HBPAMAM to epchloro-hydrin was 1 : 28, the ring-opening reaction temperature was 55 C, the ring closure reaction temperature was 30 C, and the catalyst was 50% KOH 4 mL, the epoxy value and yield of the product were higher. The cotton fabric treated by HBPAMAM-EP-ZnO composites had excellent UV resistance (UV protection coeffi¬cient UPF was 50 + ). The modified cotton fabric was used for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue MB under UV irradiation, and the degradation rate of 3 h was 99.49%. The HBPAMAM-EP and HBPAMAM-EP- ZnO fished cotton fabric had a wrinkle recovery angle of nearly 270° while that of untreated cotton fabric wrin¬kle recovery angle was 179°, showing the significantly enhanced anti-crease performance. At the same time, the water--resistant test shows that the cotton fabric finished with HBPAMAM-EP-ZnO could still have good UV resistance (UPF>50) and wrinkle resistance (about wrinkle recovery angle of 210°) after 30 times of washing. After washing 50 times, the photocatalytic performance with degradation rate of 75% was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bulk hydrophobic SiO2 aerogels were synthesized via sol-gel method by ambient pressure drying with methyltrimethoxysilane as precursor and methanol as solvent. A super-hydrophobic cotton fabric was prepared by coating the mixture of SiO2 aerogel and PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) onto cotton fabric. The effects of different conditions on the gelation time, density and porosity were discussed, and the optimum process was obtained. The surface morphology and wetting properties of the SiO2 aerogel and coated cotton fabric were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurement. The water contact angle of the prepared bulk SiO2 aerogels was 151.0°, which achieved super-hydrophobic effect and had three-dimensional continuous porous microstructure. The contact angle of cotton fabric treated with PDMS/SiO2 aerogel mixture was 155.4°. And the surface of the treated cotton fabric was covered with a large amount of SiO2 aerogels. The super-hydrophobic effect was achieved by the synergy between low surface energy characteristic of PDMS and the three-dimensional network micro-rough structure of SiO2 aerogels, and the crosslinking of aerogels and textile by PDMS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the differences between clinicopathological features and prognosis of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) negative (AFP < 20 ng/ml) and positive (AFP ⩾ 20 ng/ml) hepatocellular carcinoma (HGC) patients. Methods clinicopathological data of 142 AFP-negative and 109 AFP-positive HCG patients who underwent R0 radical hepatectomy in the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between January 2006 and December 2011 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed in this study. Results Compared with the AFP-negative patients, a higher female to male sex ratio, the later Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage, more liver capsule invasion and poorer Edmondson-Steiner grade were in the AFP-positive cases (P<0.05 for all). Furthermore, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 94.4%, 82.4% and 61.0% in the AFP-negative group and 87.2%, 61.1% and 40.2%, respectively, in the AFP-positive group (P<0.001). The multivariate analysis with Cox's proportional hazards model showed that AFP status, tumor size and Edmondson-Steiner grade are independent risk factors for survival of all the patients (P<0.05) , and large tumor and Edmondson-Steiner grades III/IV are independent risk factors for worse survival in AFP-negative patients (P<0.05). However, large tumor diameter was proved to be an independent risk factor leading to poor prognosis of AFP-positive cases (P<0.05). Conclusion High levels of AFP indicate that the tumors are more malignant and with unfavorable prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate preliminarily the clinical efficacy of two types of hepatic inflow occlusion in hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A total of 54 patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy were divided into two groups; RIP group ( regional ischemic preconditioning with continuous clamping, n = 15) and HHV group( hemi-hepatic vascular inflow occlusion, n = 39 ). HHV was performed by placing a clamp on the right hepatic artery and right portal vein, and was maintained until the liver resection was completed. In the RIP group, HHV was preceded by a 5-min period of ischemia followed by 5 min of reperfusion. The clinical indicators of the two groups were compared. Results The volume of intraoperative blood loss had significant difference between the two groups (P =0.039). One case (6.7% ) in the RIP group and 17 cases (43.6% ) in the HHV group received postoperative blood transfusion, showing a significant difference (P =0.010). No postoperative 30-day mortality happened in all patients. No significant differences were found between the two groups in hospital stay or postoperative morbidity, including hepatic insufficiency, infection, ascites, pleural effusion, cardiopulmonary complications and intestinal ventilation lime ( P > 0. 05 for all). The RIP group had a significantly higher PTA level at postoperative clays 3 and 5 (P < 0.001 ). Although no significant differences were found between the two groups regarding total bilirubin, albumin, prealbumin and aminotransferase (P > 0.05 ) during any postoperative stage, the ALT recovered to normal level in 5 patients (33. 3% ) of the RIP group and only in one case (2.7%) of the HHV group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P =0.006). Conclusion The results of this study indicate that regional ischemic preconditioning may have better hemostatic effect on hepatectomy, can reduce postoperative blood transfusion and promote early recovery of liver function than hemi-hepatic vascular inflow occlusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To construct an early predictive model for the death of patients after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) based on the baseline information of patients and laboratory indicators., Methods: The clinical data of 139 patients who underwent ECMO in Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2015 to December 2021 were collected, including age, gender, primary disease, ECMO model, other clinical characteristics, and laboratory indicators 2 hours after establishment of ECMO. The patients were divided into training cohort (n = 111) and validation cohort (n = 28) according to a ratio of 4:1. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression and multivariate Logistic regression were used to select predictive factors, and a nomogram was used to establish the predictive model. The calibration and discrimination of the model were assessed using the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve), the calibration curve and Kaplan-Meier analysis., Results: Four predictive variables including anion gap (AG), lactic acid (Lac), arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2 ), and serum amylase (AMY) 2 hours after ECMO were selected from 34 laboratory indicators by Lasso regression. These variables and three other clinically important factors [primary diseases, ECMO model, and acute kidney injury (AKI)] were analyzed using multivariate Logistic regression (forward: LR method), Finally, four strong predictive factors (Lac-2 h, PaO 2 -2 h, AMY-2 h, and primary diseases) for mortality were used to construct a nomogram [the area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.85,95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.78-0.92]. The optimal cut-off value of the ROC curve was 0.398 based on the maximum principle of the Youden index, corresponding to 80.2% accuracy, 89.1% sensitivity, and 68.1% specificity. The validation cohort with an in-hospital mortality of 64.3% was used to verify the performance of the model by ROC curve and Kaplan-Meier analysis. According to the optimal cut-off value of the ROC curve (0.398), the validation cohort was divided into low- and high-risk groups. Based on this model, the survival probability of the low-risk group was significantly higher than that of the high-risk group (P = 0.018), indicating this model had good discriminative ability in the validation cohort. Based on this model, the AUC of the validation cohort was 0.76, 95%CI was 0.58-0.94, and the accuracy rate was 71.43%, which indicated this model showed good calibration consistency., Conclusions: The predictive model incorporating Lac-2 h, PaO 2 -2 h, AMY-2 h, and primary diseases may be significant for predicting the in-hospital mortality of patients undergoing ECMO.

Plant adaptation to adverse environment depends on transmitting the external stress signals into internal signaling pathways, and thus forming a variety of stress response mechanisms during evolution. Brassinosteroids (BRs) is a steroid hormone and widely involved in plant growth, development and stress response. BR is perceived by cell surface receptors, including the receptor brassinosteroid-insensitive 1 (BRI1) and the co-receptor BRI1-associated-kinase 1 (BAK1), which in turn trigger a signaling cascade that leads to the inhibition of BIN2 and activation of BES1/BZR1 transcription factors. BES1/BZR1 can directly regulate the expression of thousands of downstream responsive genes. Studies in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana have shown that members of BR biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways, particularly protein kinase BIN2 and its downstream transcription factors BES1/BZR1, can be extensively regulated by a variety of environmental factors. In this paper, we summarize recent progresses on how BR biosynthesis and signal transduction are regulated by complex environmental factors, as well as how BR and environmental factors co-regulate crop agronomic traits, cold and salt stress responses.

Objective: To examine the clinical experience and outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using radial artery as the second arterial graft. Methods: Totally 585 patients in whom both left internal thoracic artery and radial artery as arterial conduits were used in CABG in Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from April 2008 to August 2019 were consecutively enrolled. There were 436 males and 149 females, aging (63±10) years (range: 36 to 86 years). There were 40.7% (238/585) of patients had diabetes and 75.6% (442/585) of them had multivessel disease (two-vessel or three-vessel diseases). From January 2017, transit time flow measurement was performed on every patient. Demographic and perioperative data were retrospectively collected, as well as follow-up data for patients who underwent CABG from January 2014 to August 2019. Analysis were made on their early and late outcomes. Results: 81.9%(479/585) Most patients in this cohort (81.9%) received on-pump CABG and 11 patients had intraoperative intro-aortic balloon counterpulsation (prior to CABG) support. Forty-three patients had concomitant valve procedures. The number of distal anastomosis was 3.6±0.9 (range: 2 to 6) and number of arterial distal anastomosis was 2.1±0.3. Radial artery was anastomosed to left obtuse marginal artery in 95.8% (560/585) patients. All target vessels for radial artery conduit had significant proximal stenosis (>70%) and 72.5% (424/585) of target vessels had proximal stenosis which was >90%. Intraoperative transit-time flow measurement of 151 cases showed that radial artery conduits had a flow of (29.8±10.2) ml/minutes (range: 10 to 150 ml/min), and pulsatility index of 2.5±1.4 (range: 0.7 to 5.0). There was no operative death. Two in-hospital death occurred more than 30 days after index surgery. There was no perioperative myocardial infarction. There were 188 patients who received CABG from January 2014 to August 2019 followed-up for a median duration of 3.2 years. There were two noncardiac death. No patient had myocardial infarction or to receive myocardial revascularization. Conclusions: Radial artery as the second arterial conduit is a safe and effective strategy for CABG. Good selection of target vessel and intraoperative transit-time flow measurement may help achieve good patency, as well as the short and mid-term outcome.

Objective: To determine the carrier rate of deafness-related genetic variants among 53 873 newborns from Zhengzhou., Methods: Heel blood samples of the newborns were collected with informed consent from the parents, and 15 loci of 4 genes related to congenital deafness were detected by microarray., Results: In total 2770 newborns were found to carry deafness-related variants, with a carrier rate of 5.142%. 1325 newborns (2.459%) were found to carry heterozygous variants of the GJB2 gene, 1071 (1.988%) were found with SLC26A4 gene variants, 205 were found with GJB3 gene variants (0.381%), and 120 were found with 12S rRNA variants (0.223%). Five newborns have carried homozygous GJB2 variants, two have carried homozygous SLC26A4 variants, five have carried compound heterozygous GJB2 variants, and four have carried compound heterozygous SLC26A4 variants. 33 neonates have carried heterozygous variants of two genes at the same time., Conclusion: The carrier rate of deafness-related variants in Zhengzhou, in a declining order, is for GJB2, SLC26A4, GJB3 and 12S rRNA. The common variants included GJB2 235delC and SLC26A4 IVS7-2A>G, which are similar to other regions in China. To carry out genetic screening of neonatal deafness can help to identify congenital, delayed and drug-induced deafness, and initiate treatment and follow-up as early as possible.

Objective: To detect pathogenic gene variants in two Chinese families with cone-rod dystrophy(CORD)., Methods: After the informed consent and comprehensive ophthalmic examinations for the patients, 3 mL peripheral blood was taken from the patients' blood vessel and DNA was extracted. The DNA was sequenced by whole-exome sequencing technology and variants were analyzed., Results: Two novel compound heterozygous AIPL1 variants were detected in two patients, which were c.923T to C (p.L308P) and c.421C to T (p.Q141X) variants in Family 1, c.572T to C (p.L191P) and c.421C to T (p.Q141X) in Family 2., Conclusion: The results supported that AIPL1 gene variants are the main cause of the two CORD families. Whole-exome sequencing technology is a useful tool in the clinical differentiated diagnosis and genetic counseling for CORD patients.

Objective: To explore the application of individualized transiliac crest nail-grafting guide plate prepared by computer-aided design and three-dimensional (3D) printing technology in deep pelvic external fixator implantation., Methods: Five patients with pelvic fractures were collected between May 2017 and February 2018. There were 4 females and 1 male with an average age of 52 years (range, 29-68 years). Pelvic fractures were classified as type B in 3 cases and type C in 2 cases by Tile classification. The interval between injury and operation was 6-14 days (mean, 9 days). The preoperative CT images of pelvic fractures were collected. The data was reconstructed by 3D imaging reconstruction workstation. An individualized transiliac crest nail-grafting guide plate was designed on the virtual 3D model. The individualized transiliac crest nail-grafting guide plate and the solid pelvic model were produced with the 3D printing technology. The individualized transiliac crest nail-grafting guide plate was used for intraoperative deep pin position on iliac crest after the preoperative simulation. The follow-up CT scans were used to determine the differences in distance from anterior superior iliac spine, convergence angle, and caudal angle between the preoperative plan and postoperative measurement., Results: During the operation, the individualized transiliac crest nail-grafting guide plate was used to guide the placement of 20 pins. X-ray film and CT examination showed that all pins were well positioned. The average depth of pins was 83.16 mm (range, 70.13-100.53 mm). Fitted 3D reconstruction images showed that the entry point and orientation of the pins were all consistent with preoperative schemes. Compared with the planned nail path, there was no significant difference in the distance from anterior superior iliac spine, convergence angle, and caudal angle in the actual nail path ( P >0.05). No loosening and rupture of pin, no damage of blood vessels and nerve, and shallow or deep infection occurred during 3 months follow-up, and the incisions healed by first intention. All patients were satisfied with the treatment process. The ranges of motion of hip and knee were normal, and the visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 0-3 (mean, 0.5)., Conclusion: The individualized transiliac crest nail-grafting guide plate technique is the improvement of traditional technique. It can increase accuracy and effective depth of pin position, enable patients to obtain pelvic mechanical stability quickly after operation, and reduce the risk of complications related to nail path.

Objective: To investigate the value of integrin α v β 3 targeted microPET/CT imaging with 68 Ga-NODAGA-RGD 2 as radiotracer for the detection of osteosarcoma and theranostics of osteosarcoma lung metastasis., Methods: The 68 Ga-NODAGA-RGD 2 and 177 Lu-NODAGA-RGD 2 were prepared via one-step method and their stability and integrin α v β 3 binding specificity were investigated in vitro . Forty-one nude mice were injected with human MG63 osteosarcoma to established the animal model bearing subcutaneous osteosarcoma ( n =21), osteosarcoma in tibia ( n =5), and osteosarcoma pulmonary metastatic ( n =15). The microPET-CT imaging was carried out in 3 animal models at 1 hour after tail vein injection of 68 Ga-NODAGA-RGD 2 . Biodistribution study of 68 Ga-NODAGA-RGD 2 was performed in animal model bearing subcutaneous osteosarcoma at 10, 60, and 120 minutes. The animal model bearing pulmonary metastatic osteosarcoma was injected with 177 Lu-NODAGA-RGD 2 at 7 weeks after model establishment to observe the therapeutic effect of pulmonary metastatic osteosarcoma. Histological and immunohistochemistry examinations were also done to confirm the establishment of animal model and integrin β 3 expression in animal models bearing subcutaneous osteosarcoma and bearing pulmonary metastatic osteosarcoma., Results: 68 Ga-NODAGA-RGD 2 and 177 Lu-NODAGA-RGD 2 had good stability in vitro with the 50% inhibitory concentration value of (5.0±1.1) and (6.5±0.8) nmol/L, respectively. The radiochemical purity of 68 Ga-NODAGA-RGD 2 at 1, 4, and 8 hours was 98.5%±0.3%, 98.3%±0.5%, and 97.9%±0.4%; while the radiochemical purity of 177 Lu-NODAGA-RGD 2 at 1, 7, and 14 days was 99.3%±0.7%, 98.7%±1.2%, and 96.0%±2.8%. 68 Ga-NODAGA-RGD 2 microPET-CT showed that the accumulation of 68 Ga-NODAGA-RGD 2 in animal models bearing subcutaneous osteosarcoma and osteosarcoma in tibia and in lung metastasis as small as 1-2 mm in diameter of animal model bearing pulmonary metastatic osteosarcoma. Biodistribution study of 68 Ga-NODAGA-RGD 2 in animal model bearing subcutaneous osteosarcoma revealed rapid clearance from blood with tumor peak uptake of (3.85±0.84) %ID/g at 120 minutes. The distribution of 177 Lu-NODAGA-RGD 2 in lung metastasis was similar with 68 Ga-NODAGA-RGD 2 . The number and size of osteosarcoma metastasis decreased at 2 weeks after 177 Lu-NODAGA-RGD 2 administration and integrin targeting specificity was confirmed by pathology examination., Conclusion: 68 Ga-NODAGA-RGD 2 was potential for positive imaging and early detection of osteosarcoma and metastasis. Targeted radiotherapy with 177 Lu-NODAGA-RGD 2 was one potential alternative for osteosarcoma lung metastasis.

Objective: To explore the effectiveness and advantage of three-dimensional (3D) printed navigation templates assisted Ludloff osteotomy in treatment of moderate and severe hallux valgus., Methods: Between April 2013 and February 2015, 28 patients (28 feet) with moderate and severe hallux valgus who underwent Ludloff osteotomy were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n =14). In group A, the patients were treated with Ludloff osteotomy assissted with a 3D printed navigation template. In group B, the patients were treated with traditional Ludloff osteotomy. There was no significant difference in gender, age, affected side, and clinical classification between 2 groups ( P >0.05). The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were recorded. The ankle function of the foot at preoperation, immediate after operation, and last follow-up were assessed by the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score. Besides, the X-ray film were taken to assess the hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), and the first metatarsal length shortening., Results: All patients were followed up 18-40 months (mean, 26.4 months). The operation time and intraoperative blood loss in group A were significantly less than those in group B ( P <0.05). The HVA, IMA, and AOFAS scores in groups A and B at immediate after operaton and last follow-up were sinificantly improved when compared with preoperative values ( P <0.05); but no significant difference was found between at immediate after operation and at last follow-up ( P >0.05). No significant difference was found in HVA and IMA between group A and group B at difference time points ( P >0.05). There were significant differences in AOFAS score and the first metatarsal length shortening at immediate after operation and at last follow-up between 2 groups ( P <0.05). Except 1 case of metastatic metatarsalgia in group B, there was no other operative complications in both groups., Conclusion: 3D printed navigation template assisted Ludloff osteotomy can provide accurate preoperative planning and intraoperative osteotomy. It is an ideal method for moderate and severe hallux valgus.

Objective: To prepare dopamine modified and cartilage derived morphogenetic protein 1 (CDMP1) laden polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite (PCL-HA) composite scaffolds by three-dimensional (3D) printing and evaluate the effect of 3D scaffolds on in vitro chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs)., Methods: A dimensional porous PCL-HA scaffold was fabricated by 3D printing. Dopamine was used to modify the surface of PCL-HA and then CDMP-1 was loaded into scaffolds. The surface microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and porosity and water static contact angle were also detected. The cytological experiment in vitro were randomly divided into 3 groups: group A (PCL-HA scaffolds), group B (dopamine modified PCL-HA scaffolds), and group C (dopamine modified and CDMP-1 laden PCL-HA scaffolds). The hBMSCs were seeded into three scaffolds, in chondrogenic culture conditions, the cell adhesive rate, the cell proliferation (MTT assay), and cell activity (Live-Dead staining) were analyzed; and the gene expressions of collagen type Ⅱ and Aggrecan were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR., Results: The scaffolds in 3 groups were all showed a cross-linked and pore interconnected with pore size of 400-500 μm, porosity of 56%, and fiber orientation of 0°/90°. For dopamine modification, the scaffolds in groups B and C were dark brown while in group A was white. Similarly, water static contact angle was from 76° of group A to 0° of groups B and C. After cultured for 24 hours, the cell adhesion rate of groups A, B, and C was 34.3%±3.5%, 48.3%±1.5%, and 57.4%±2.5% respectively, showing significant differences between groups ( P <0.05). Live/Dead staining showed good cell activity of cells in 3 groups. MTT test showed that hBMSCs proliferated well in 3 groups and the absorbance ( A ) value was increased with time. The A value in group C was significantly higher than that in groups B and A, and in group B than in group A after cultured for 4, 7, 14, and 21 days, all showing significant differences ( P <0.05). The mRNA relative expression of collagen type Ⅱ and Aggrecan increased gradually with time in 3 groups. The mRNA relative expression of collagen type Ⅱafter cultured for 7, 14, and 21 days, and the mRNA relative expression of Aggrecan after cultured for 14 and 21 days in group C were significantly higher than those in groups A and B, and in group B than in group A, all showing significant differences ( P <0.05)., Conclusion: Co-culture of dopamine modified and CDMP1 laden PCL-HA scaffolds and hBMSCs in vitro can promote hBMSCs' adhesion, proliferation, and chondrogenic differentiation.

Objective: To explore the clinical and pathological factors influencing the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)(≤5 cm) after hepatectomy., Methods: Two hundreds and nineteen cases with HCC(≤5 cm) undergoing hepatectomy in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between December 2003 and July 2013 were collected. The alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level, tumor number, tumor size (diameter), liver cirrhosis, vascular invasion, capsular invasion, differentiation, surgical methods, resection margin, the way of treatments, the situation of recurrence and time to recurrence were analyzed. Log-rank test and the stepwise Cox proportional-hazards models were used to compare the prognosis, respectively., Results: The 1-, 3-, 5- and 10- year overall survival rates were 95.9%, 85.3%, 67.8% and 53.3% respectively in all patients.Single factor analysis indicated that vascular invasion, capsular invasion, tumor size, hepatic vascular occult, liver cirrhosis, tumor differentiation, AFP, the way of treatments, the situation of recurrence and time to recurrence can affect the prognosis significantly (all P<0.05). The multifactor analysis showed that AFP, tumor differentiation, liver cirrhosis, capsular invasion, tumor size and the situation of recurrence and time to recurrence were independent prognostic factors (all P<0.05)., Conclusion: The prognosis of patients with HCC(≤5 cm) underwent hepatectomy are affected by multi-factors, such as AFP, tumor differentiation, liver cirrhosis, capsular invasion, tumor size and the situation of recurrence and time to recurrence.

Objective: To explore the significance of resection margin and tumor number on survival of patients with small liver cancer after hepatectomy., Methods: We collected 219 cases with small liver cancer undergoing hepatectomy in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between December 2003 to July 2013. The survival rates were compared by log-rank test between two resection margin groups (≥ 1 cm vs. <1 cm), different tumor number groups (single tumor vs. multiple tumors). We also performed a multifactor analysis by Cox model., Results: The 1-, 3-, 5- and 10- year overall survival rates were 95.9%, 85.3%, 67.8% and 53.3%, respectively, in all patients. The median survival time was 28 months in the group of <1 cm resection margin and 36 months in the group of ≥ 1 cm resection margin (P=0.249). The median survival time was 36 months in the group of single tumor and 26 months in the group of multiple tumors (P=0.448). The multifactor analysis also did not show significant effect of resection margin and tumor number on the patients' survival., Conclusions: For small liver cancer, the resection margin of 1 cm might be advised. Increasing resection margin in further could probably not improve therapeutic effect. Standardized operation and combined treatment will decrease the negative influence of multiple tumors on overall survival.

Objective: To explore the surgical risk, perioperative outcome and the response of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE)., Methods: A retrospective case-matched study was conducted to compare the characteristics and corresponding measures of patients in the preoperative TACE group and the control group without TACE. A total of 105 patients (82 patients with selective and dynamic region-specific vascular occlusion to perform hepatectomy for patients with complex hepatocellular carcinoma) was included in this study, in which 35 patients underwent TACE therapy, and a 1:2 matched control group of 70 subjects., Results: The patients of preoperative TACE therapy group had a higher level of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase before operation (119.52±98.83) U/L vs. (67.39±61.25) U/L (P=0.040). The operation time was longer in the TACE group than that in the control group but with a non-significant difference (232.60±95.43) min vs. (218.70±75.13) min (P=0.052). The postoperative recovery of liver function and severe complications in the preoperative TACE group were similar to that in the control group (P>0.05). There were no massive hemorrhage, biliary fistula and 30-d death neither in the treatment group and matched control group., Conclusions: Preoperative TACE therapy has certain negative effect on liver function. It is preferable to use selective and dynamic region-specific vascular occlusion technique during hepatectomy and combine with reasonable perioperative treatment for this group of patients, that can ensure safety of patients and promote their rapid recovery.

Objective: To analyze the risk factors of recurrence in patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) 0-A hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgical resection., Methods: Retrospective analyses were conducted for 218 patients undergoing surgical resection for BCLC 0-A HCC. A total of 17 clinicopathologic factors possibly influencing the recurrence and survival were selected. And multivariate analysis of these parameters was performed with Cox proportional hazard model. Survival analysis was performed with the Kaplan-Meier method., Results: The overall 1, 3, 5-year survival rates were 95.9%, 85.3% and 67.6% respectively. The median survival from time of primary resection was 35 months. The overall 1, 3 and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 84.4%, 56.5% and 47.0% respectively. Univariate analysis showed that cirrhosis, positive alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), satellite nodules, involvement of hepatic capsule, tumor differentiation and microvascular invasion were associated with recurrence. And Cox multivariate analysis showed that satellite nodules, involvement of hepatic capsule and microvascular invasion were the independent risk factors for recurrence., Conclusion: Surgical resection is a first option for BCLC 0-A HCC. Satellite nodules, involvement of hepatic capsule and microvascular invasion are independent risk factors for recurrence. Postoperative transarterial chemoembolization does not benefit the survival of patients with risk factors of recurrence.

Objective: To evaluate preliminarily the clinical efficacy of two types of hepatic inflow occlusion in hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)., Methods: A total of 54 patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy were divided into two groups: RIP group (regional ischemic preconditioning with continuous clamping, n=15) and HHV group (hemi-hepatic vascular inflow occlusion, n=39). HHV was performed by placing a clamp on the right hepatic artery and right portal vein, and was maintained until the liver resection was completed. In the RIP group, HHV was preceded by a 5-min period of ischemia followed by 5 min of reperfusion. The clinical indicators of the two groups were compared., Results: The volume of intraoperative blood loss had significant difference between the two groups (P=0.039). One case (6.7%) in the RIP group and 17 cases (43.6%) in the HHV group received postoperative blood transfusion, showing a significant difference (P=0.010). No postoperative 30-day mortality happened in all patients. No significant differences were found between the two groups in hospital stay or postoperative morbidity, including hepatic insufficiency, infection, ascites, pleural effusion, cardiopulmonary complications and intestinal ventilation time (P>0.05 for all).The RIP group had a significantly higher PTA level at postoperative days 3 and 5 (P<0.001). Although no significant differences were found between the two groups regarding total bilirubin, albumin, prealbumin and aminotransferase (P>0.05) during any postoperative stage, the ALT recovered to normal level in 5 patients (33.3%) of the RIP group and only in one case (2.7%) of the HHV group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P=0.006)., Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that regional ischemic preconditioning may have better hemostatic effect on hepatectomy, can reduce postoperative blood transfusion and promote early recovery of liver function than hemi-hepatic vascular inflow occlusion.