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Objective: To evaluate the effect of preemptive analgesia with ibuprofen on postoperative pain following single posterior tooth implantation, aiming to provide a clinical reference for its application. Methods: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group trial was conducted. A total of 82 participants were included in the trial, meeting the eligibility criteria from April 2022 to April 2024 at the Capital Medical University School of Stomatology (40 cases), Beijing TianTan Hospital, Capital Medical University (22 cases), Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University (20 cases). Participants were randomly assigned in a 1∶1 ratio to either the ibuprofen group or the control group, with each group comprising 41 individuals. Participants in the ibuprofen group received 300 mg of sustained-release ibuprofen capsules orally 15 min before surgery, while the control group received a placebo. Both groups received the same postoperative analgesic regimen for 3 days. Pain scores were assessed using the Numerical rating scale (NRS) at 30 min, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h postoperatively, and the additional use of analgesic medication was recorded from days 4 to 6 postoperatively. Results: A total of 82 participants were initially enrolled in the study, with 7 dropouts (4 from the control group and 3 from the ibuprofen group), resulting in 75 participants (37 in the control group and 38 in the ibuprofen group) completing the trial. There were no reports of adverse events such as nausea or vomiting among the participants. The ibuprofen group exhibited significantly lower pain scores at 4 h, 6 h and 8 h [1.0 (0.0, 2.0), 1.0 (0.0, 2.0), 1.5 (0.0, 3.0) ] postoperatively compared to the control group 4 h, 6 h and 8 h [2.0 (1.0, 3.0), 3.0 (1.5, 4.0), 2.0 (1.0, 4.0)] ( Z =-1.99, P =0.047; Z =-3.01, P =0.003; Z =2.10, P =0.036). The proportions of patients requiring additional analgesic medication between days 4 and 6 post-surgery were 18.4% (7/38) in the ibuprofen group and 27.0% (10/37) in the control group, with no significant difference (χ 2 =0.79, P =0.373). The median additional medication usage postoperatively was [0.0 (0.0, 0.0) pills] in the ibuprofen group and [0.0 (0.0, 1.0) pills] in the control group, with no significant difference ( Z =-0.78, P =0.439). Conclusions: Preemptive analgesia with ibuprofen effectively reduces postoperative pain following tooth implantation, representing a safe and effective perioperative pain management strategy.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of preemptive analgesia with ibuprofen on postoperative pain following the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars in a Chinese population, aiming to provide a clinical reference for its application. Methods: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group trial was conducted from April 2022 to October 2023 at the Capital Medical University School of Stomatology (40 cases), Beijing TianTan Hospital, Capital Medical University (22 cases), and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University (20 cases). It included 82 patients with impacted mandibular third molars, with 41 in the ibuprofen group and 41 in the control group. Participants in the ibuprofen group received 300 mg of sustained-release ibuprofen capsules orally 15 min before surgery, while the control group received a placebo. Both groups were instructed to take sustained-release ibuprofen capsules as planned for 3 days post-surgery. Pain intensity was measured using the numerical rating scale at 30 min, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after surgery, and the use of additional analgesic medication was recorded during days 4 to 6 postoperatively. Results: All 82 patients completed the study according to the protocol. No adverse events such as nausea, vomiting, or allergies were reported in either group during the trial. The ibuprofen group exhibited significantly lower pain scores at 4 h [2.0 (1.0, 4.0) vs . 4.0 (3.0, 5.0)] ( Z =-3.73, P <0.001), 6 h [2.0 (1.0, 4.0) vs . 5.0(2.5, 6.0)] ( Z =-3.38, P <0.001), and 8 h [2.0 (1.0, 4.0) vs . 5.0 (2.0, 6.0)] ( Z =-2.11, P =0.035) postoperatively compared to the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in pain scores between the groups at 30 min, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h postoperatively ( P >0.05). Additionally, 11 out of 41 patients (26.8%) in the ibuprofen group and 23 out of 41 patients (56.1%) in the control group required extra analgesic medication between days 4 and 6 post-surgery, with the ibuprofen group taking significantly fewer additional pills [0.0 (0.0, 1.0) vs . 1.0 (0.0, 3.0)] ( Z =-2.81, P =0.005). Conclusions: A pain management regimen involving 300 mg of oral sustained-release ibuprofen capsules administered 15 minutes before surgery and continued for 3 d postoperatively effectively reduces pain levels and the total amount of analgesic medication used after the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Considering its efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness, ibuprofen is recommended as a first-line drug for perioperative pain management, enhancing patient comfort during diagnosis and treatment in a feasible manner.

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is an emerging discipline, which has been applied to drug abuse tracking and infectious disease pathogen surveillance. During the COVID-19 epidemic, WBE has been applied to monitor the epidemic trend and SARS-CoV-2 variants etc. In order to detect hidden COVID-19 cases and prevent transmission in the community, wastewater surveillance system for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 RNA was developed in Shenzhen. The sewage sampling sites were set up in key places such as the port areas, urban villages and residential communities of Futian, Nanshan, Luohu and Yantian districts. From July 26 to November 30, 2022, a total of 369 sewage sampling sites were set up, covering 1.93 million people. Continuous sampling was carried out for 3 hours in the peak period of water use every day. Sewage virus enrichment and SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection were carried out by polyethylene glycol precipitation method and RT-qPCR, and a positive water sample disposal process was molded. This article aims to introduce the case of source tracing of COVID-19 infected patients based on urban sewage in Shenzhen. The sewage monitoring of Honghu water treatment plant in Luohu District played an early warning role, and the source of infection was traced. In the disposal of positive water samples in Futian South Road, Futian District, the important experience of monitoring point layout was obtained. In the sewage monitoring of Nanshan village, Nanshan District, the existence of occult infection was revealed. Sharing the experience of tracing the source of COVID-19 patients to avoid the spread of COVID-19 in the community based on wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Shenzhen, and summarizing the advantages and application prospects of sewage surveillance can provide new ideas for monitoring emerging or re-emerging pathogens that are known to exhibit gastrointestinal excretion in the future.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with insidious onset, posing a serious threat to human physical and mental health. The cognitive impairments caused by AD are generally diffuse and overlap symptomatically with other neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, the symptoms of AD are often covert, leading to missed opportunities for optimal treatment after diagnosis. Therefore, early diagnosis of AD is crucial. In vitro diagnostic biomarkers not only contribute to the early clinical diagnosis of AD but also aid in further understanding the disease's pathogenesis, predicting disease progression, and observing the effects of novel candidate therapeutic drugs in clinical trials. Currently, although there are numerous biomarkers associated with AD diagnosis, the complex nature of AD pathogenesis, limitations of individual biomarkers, and constraints of clinical detection methods have hindered the development of efficient, cost-effective, and convenient diagnostic methods and standards. This article provides an overview of the research progress on in vitro diagnostic biomarkers and detection methods related to AD in recent years.

Objective: To clarify the clinicopathological, especially molecular, features of early-onset gastric cancer with the aim of informing analysis of treatment strategies. Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, we examined data from a dedicated gastric cancer database in Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University. The original cohort comprised 2506 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone gastrectomy in Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University from July 2020 to October 2021, including 198 with early-onset gastric cancer (aged ≤45 years) and 2,308 with non-early gastric cancer. We used a simple random sampling method to select 396 of the 2,308 patients aged >45 years (ratio of 1:2) as the control group and then compared molecular diagnostic data and clinicopathological features of the two groups. Results: The median age was 39 years in the early-onset gastric cancer group, while 66 years in the control group. The clinicopathological features of early-onset gastric cancer included female predominance (59.1% [117/198] vs. 27.8% [110/396], χ 2 =54.816, P <0.001), less comorbidity (32.3% [64/198] vs. 57.1% [226/396], χ 2 =32.355, P <0.001), poorer differentiation (93.9% [186/198] vs. 74.5% [295/396], χ 2 =30.777, P <0.001) and higher proportion of diffuse type (40.4% [80/198] vs. 15.9% [63/396], χ 2 =69.639, P <0.001), distant metastasis (7.1% [14/198] vs. 2.8% [11/396], χ 2 =6.034, P =0.014). Regarding treatment, distal gastrectomy was more commonly performed than proximal gastrectomy (55.1% [109/198] vs. 47.0% [186/396], 1.5% [3/198] vs. 8.3% [33/396], χ 2 =11.644, P =0.003). Family history of gastric cancer, TNM stage, tumor size, lymph node dissection, nerve invasion, nodes harboring metastases, range of lymph node dissection, digestive tract reconstruction procedure, implementation of laparoscopic surgery, combined resection, and preoperative treatment did not differ significantly between the two groups (all P >0.05). Molecular diagnosis showed there was a smaller percentage of mismatch repair deficiency in the early-onset gastric cancer than in the control group (1.0% [2/198] vs. 10.1% [40/396], χ 2 =16.301, P <0.001), and a higher rate of positivity for Claudin 18.2 (77.8% [154/198] vs. 53.0% [210/396], χ 2 =5.442, P <0.001). HER-2 and Epstein-Barr virus positivity rates did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusion: Early-onset gastric cancer is a distinct type of gastric cancer with a high degree of malignancy, and treatment targeting Claudin 18.2 may be effective.

The S3 level clinical practice guideline for the treatment of stage Ⅳperiodontitis, developed by the European Federation of Periodontology, was published in April 22, 2022 (DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13639). According to the severity and complexity, stage Ⅳ periodontitis was grouped into four case types, and comprehensive treatment plans were formulated correspondingly in the guideline, including tooth splinting, occlusal adjustment, orthodontic therapy, restorative therapy, and personalized supportive periodontal care as well. The aim of present work is to intensively interpret the key points of the guideline and help the clinicians to understand this guideline better, in order to improve the treatment level of stage Ⅳ periodontitis in China.

Exosomes are phospholipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicles released from cells with diameters of 30-150 nm, exosomes can directly reflect the physiological and functional state of secretory cells, participate in material transport and information communication between cells, which are of great significance as biomarkers for early tumor diagnosis and treatment evaluation. There are many detection methods for exosomes, among which aptasensor technology with the properties of low price and easy operation, fast response, high sensitivity, remarkable specificity helps tumor patients to find, diagnose and treat early, improve the survival rate, and provide important basis for the evaluation of the prognosis. There are seven types of common aptasensors: fluorescent, electrochemical, colorimetric, luminescence, lateral flow strips, surface-enhanced Raman scattering and surface plasmon resonance sensors. Different aptasensors have different characteristics, this article focuses on the research progress of several common aptasensor for tumor exosomes detection.

Objective: To study the relationship between the onco-immunological and morphologic characteristics of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) and peripheral blood lymphocyte subtypes and its clinical significance. Methods: The pathologic and clinical data of 117 LELC patients who were admitted to the Tumor Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences from 2006 to 2018 were collected. The histological classification was based on previously reported morphological classification method. The onco-immunological and morphologic characteristics of the tumors such as lymphoid follicle formation and interstitial fibrous hyperplasia, patient's peripheral blood lymphocyte subtypes and prognosis data were collected. The relationship between various factors and their impact on prognosis were analyzed. Results: There were 117 patients, including 61 females and 56 males. The male to female ratio was 0.9∶1.0. The age of onset was 24-89 years (median 52 years). Primary sites included head and neck (68 cases), lungs (26 cases), stomach (15 cases), and others (eight cases). Morphologically, 54 cases were type Ⅰ, 62 cases were type Ⅱ, and one case could not be classified. The onco-immunological and morphologic features of the LELC tumors showed a continuous spectrum. Interstitial TILs were noted from focally to diffuse, and the interstitial fibrous tissues were from hardly visible to obvious sclerotic. Formation of lymphoid follicles was seen in 42 patients; obvious fibrosis was seen in 31 cases. Data of peripheral blood lymphocyte subtyping by flow cytometry were available in 73 cases. These data included CD3 + total T cells, CD3 + CD4 + helper T cells, CD3 + CD8 + cytotoxic T cells, CD3 - CD56 + natural killer (NK) cells, CD3 - CD19 + B cells, CD4 + CD45RA - T helper induction subgroup, CD4 + CD45RA + T suppression induction subgroup, CD4 + CD45RO + memory T cell subgroup, CD45RA + CD45RO + activated T cell subgroup, CD8 + CD38 + activated cytotoxic T cell, and CD25 + lymphocytes and CD44 + lymphocyte. The proportion of lymphocytes of each subtype was normal in most patients, but the proportion of CD44 + lymphocytes in 61 cases (83.6%) was increased; the proportion of T cell suppression induced subgroups was decreased in 53 cases (72.6%). Correlation analysis found a significant correlation between clinical stage and NK cells ( P =0.023); tumor histologic type and cytotoxic T cells were significantly positively correlated ( P =0.012); while tumor cell morphologic differentiation was significantly related to total T cells ( P =0.003) and NK cells ( P =0.026); Formation of interstitial lymphoid follicles was positively correlated with memory T cell subsets ( P =0.025); Tumor interstitial fibrosis was significantly positively correlated with T suppression-induced subpopulations ( P =0.004), and was significantly negatively correlated with total T cells ( P =0.023) and with the expression of CD44 adhesion molecules ( P =0.003). Survival analysis found that lymphoid follicle formation was a favorable prognostic factor for LELC ( P =0.001). Conclusions: The onco-immunological and morphologic features in LELC show a continuous spectrum; the tumor clinicopathological characteristics and onco-immunological morphology are closely related to peripheral blood T lymphocyte subtypes, and the formation of interstitial lymphoid follicles is a favorable prognostic factor for LELC.

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is rampant in Europe and the United States, and the Delta variant has caused several small-scale outbreaks in China. It is particularly important to simulate the transmission risk of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) during large-scale events, so as to ensure a good preparation of personnel, materials, isolation sites and other support work in advance. Taking the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games as an example, this study introduces the use of mathematical models to simulate the entry risks, closed-loop risks and prevention and control measures of athletes, officials and other stakeholders of the Olympic Games. In the simulation results on January 19, 2022, the estimated number of Olympic Games-related infections who were identified at borders was 357 (95% CI : 153-568) and the observed number was 323. The estimated number of "seed" cases that entered the closed-loop of Olympics Games was 195 (95% CI : 43-335), and the observed number of cases in the closed-loop was 212. This study demonstrates the important role of mathematical models of infectious diseases in the pragmatic application of preventive medicine and public health.

Today, there is greater awareness on the association between oral diseases and respiration diseases after the outbreak of COVID-19. However, confusion regarding the oral health management and medical risk prevention for patients with chronic airway diseases has been remained among dental clinicians. Therefore, the dental experts of the Fifth General Dentistry Special Committee, Chinese Stomatological Association, combined with the experts of respiratory and critical care medicine, undertook the formation of consensus on the oral health management of patients with chronic airway diseases in order to help dental clinicians to evaluate medical risks and make better treatment decision in clinical practice. In the present consensus report, the relationship of oral diseases and chronic airway diseases, the oral health management and the treatment recommendations of patients with chronic airway diseases are provided.

Emerging evidence suggests that, along with dietary, genetic and environmental factors, gut microbiota plays a role in the progress of colorectal cancer. Dysbiosis of oral flora in patients with periodontitis affects the composition of microbial community in the gut, impairs gut barrier function, and induces a proinflammatory microenvironment, all of which contribute to the progression of colorectal cancer. In view of the influences by microbiota dysbiosis, this article reviews the role of periodontitis in affecting the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer.

With the aging process of population in the society, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in China is increasing continuously and the number of dental patients with CVD is increasing gradually too. Due to the lack of guidelines for dental patients with CVD in our country, how to implement standardized preoperative evaluation and perioperative risk prevention remains a problem to be solved for dentists at present. The present expert consensus was reached by combining the clinical experiences of the expert group of the Fifth General Dentistry Special Committee, Chinese Stomatological Association and respiratory and cardiology experts in diagnosis and treatment for CVD patients, and by systematically summarizing the relevant international guidelines and literature regarding the relationship between CVD and oral diseases and the diagnosis and treatment of dental patients with heart failure, hypertension and antithrombotic therapy. The consensus aims to provide, for the dental clinicians, the criteria on diagnosis and treatment of CVD in dental patients in China so as to reduce the risk and complications, and finally to improve the treatment levels of dental patients with CVD in China.

Objective: To investigate the status quo of human resources of dentists who deal with periodontal disease in Beijing area through an online survey, which may hopefully provide a preliminary basis for the decision-making of administrative departments and the formulation of periodontal professional development plan. Methods: The dentists who deal with periodontal disease at least half a day per week in Beijing area were investigated. A questionnaire was designed by the chairman of the Periodontology Committee of Beijing Stomatological Association. The questionnaire was sent to and finished by the dentists via "WenJuanXing" online survey software. The contents of the survey included general condition, the property of practice unit, title and position of the dentist, membership of professional society, time and content of periodontal treatment, adoption of new technology and new method of periodontal therapy during the past one year, status of periodontal treatment in the local population and reasons, understanding and influencing factors of periodontal professional development. Results: A total of 1 255 dentists completed the survey, who came from all 16 districts in Beijing, mainly Haidian, Chaoyang, Dongcheng and Xicheng Districts [The total percentage of these four main districts was 70.3% (882/1 255)]. The mean age of the dentists was (36.1±8.3) years. Among the dentists, 71.1% (892/1 255) were females, 88.1% (1 106/1 255) got a Bachelor's degree or above. It was estimated that 35.4% (444/1 255) of the dentists had received standardized periodontal training ever. The percentage of dentists carrying out new technology in the past one year was as high as 68.1% (855/1 255). There were only 163 periodontal specialists (13.0%) out of the dentists in the survey. Only 15.9% (200/1 255) of the dentists routinely performed periodontal surgery. The majority of the dentists [82.8% (1 039/1 255)] were from the state-owned hospitals. Fifty-four point seven percemt (686/1 255) of the dentists thought that lack of knowledge was the main reason why the general public failed to receive periodontal treatment. As for the biggest bottleneck affecting periodontal professional development, fifty-one point zero percent (640/1 255) of the dentists attributed it to the public neglect. Conclusions: The periodontal practitioners in Beijing are young, highly educated, unevenly distributed in 16 districts and mostly females. State-owned oral health institutions are an important force in periodontal diagnosis and treatment services in Beijing. The number of periodontal specialists need to be improved. Promotion of standardized periodontal surgery and the popularization of healthcare knowledge on periodontal disease should also be the focus in the future.

Objective: To determine the ratio of ingerleukin(IL)-10 secreting regulatory B cells (B10 cells) and the levels of IL-10 in peripheral blood of periodontitis patients with or without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to explore the function of B10 cells in the pathogenesis of the interaction between COPD and periodontitis. Methods: Forty-five periodontitis patients and healthy people were recruited and divided into three groups: COPD group, COPD+periodontitis group and health controls with 15 people in each group. Peripheral blood samples were collected to determine the B10 population. Another group of 93 periodontitis patients and healthy people were also collected and divided into the same 3 groups with 31 people in each group. Peripheral blood samples were collected to determine the cytokine IL-10. Results: After stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)+phorbol-12-myristate13-acetate+ionomycin+brefeldin A (PIB) for 5 h, the ratio of B10 in COPD+periodontitis group [(0.44±0.11)%] was significantly lower than that in the control group [(0.63±0.14)%] and periodontitis group [(0.62±0.13)%] ( P< 0.01), respectively. The ratio of B10 cells showed no significant difference between periodontitis group and healthy control group ( P> 0.05). After stimulation with LPS+PIB for 48 h, the ratio of B10 cells in COPD+periodontitis group [(7.59±1.33)%] was significantly lower than that in the periodontitis group [(10.14±2.02)%] and the healthy controls [(11.80±1.71)%] ( P< 0.01), respectively. The ratio of B10 cells in periodontitis group was significantly lower than that in the healthy controls ( P< 0.05). The levels of IL-10 in periodontitis group [(2.55±0.61) ng/L] and COPD+periodontitis group [(1.95±0.45) ng/L] were significantly lower than that in the control group [(3.96±1.15) ng/L] ( P< 0.01) respectively. Moreover, the level of IL-10 in COPD+periodontitis group was significantly lower than that in the periodontitis group ( P< 0.01). Conclusions: The dysfunction of immune system caused by the decreased proportion of B10 cells might be involved in the pathological process of COPD promoted by periodontitis.

Objective: To study the immune regulation function of high expressing interleukin-10 (IL-10) in B cells on CD4(+)T-cells in periodontitis mouse model. Methods: Twenty-four 7-weeks-old female C57BL/6 mice were randomly and equally assigned into 4 groups: the healthy control group (HC group, n= 6), the ligation combined Porphyromonasgingivalis (Pg) infection group (P group, n= 6), the ligation combined Pg infection with non-stimulated B cell transfer group (P+NSB group, n= 6) and the ligation combined Pg infection with stimulated B cell transfer group (P+SB group, n= 6). Ligation combined Pg infection of the maxillary second molar was used to induce periodontitis of mice. The exogenous non-stimulated B cells or stimulated B cells were injected into the palate gingivalat the 5th day after ligation, and all mice were sacrificed at the 14th day. HE stain was used to detect the histological of periodontal tissues, toluidine blue stain was used to analysis the alveolar bone loss, immunofluorescence stain was used to detect the expression of CD4(+)T-cell and IL-10, immunohistochemical was used to detect the expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and IL-1β. Results: Results of HE staining showed that more hyperplasia of gingival epithelium and the alveolar bone resorption in P group, P+NSB group and P+SB group compared with HC group. Results of toluidine blue staining showed that the alveolar bone losses in P group [(0.668±0.041) mm(2)], P+NSB group [(0.750±0.039) mm(2)] and P+SB group [(0.517±0.038) mm(2)] were significantly increased compared with that in HC group [(0.336±0.029) mm(2)]( F= 146.051, P< 0.01), and the alveolar bone resorption was significantly increased in P+NSB group compared with that in P group ( F= 146.051, P< 0.01). However, compared with P+NSB group and P group, the alveolar bone loss in P+SB groupwas significantly decreased ( F= 146.051, P< 0.01). Results of immunofluorescence staining showed that CD4(+)T-cells expressed in P group [(287.5±37.9) cell/mm(2)], P+NSB group [(314.6±53.3) cell/mm(2)] and P+SB group [(185.4±42.9) cell/mm(2)] were higher than that in HC group [(12.5±13.7) cell/mm(2))( F= 71.284, P< 0.01). Compared with P group and P+NSB group, CD4(+)T-cells expression in group P+SB was decreased ( F= 71.284, P< 0.01). IL-10 levels were increased in P group [(111.7±20.4) cell/mm(2)], P+NSB group [(126.7±15.1) cell/mm(2)] and P+SB group [(191.0±22.6) cell/mm(2)] compared with that in HC group [(22.7±4.3) cell/mm(2)] ( F= 98.516, P< 0.01), and the IL-10 expressed in P+SB group was significantly higher than those in P+NSB group and P group. Results of immunohistochemical tests showed that RANKL expressions in gingival tissues among P group [(674.0±71.5) cell/mm(2)], P+NSB group [(831.0±97.5) cell/mm(2)] and P+SB group [(420.1±40.8) cell/mm(2)] were significantly higher than that in HC group [(69.3±29.1) cell/mm(2)] ( F= 154.886, P< 0.01). However, it dramatically decreased in P+SB group compared with those in P group and P+NSB group.The IL-1βexpression in P group [(447.8±40.8) cell/mm(2)], P+NSB group [(512.5±38.2) cell/mm(2)] and P+SB group [(281.6±32.4) cell/mm(2)] were significantly higher than that in HC group [(50.8±20.9) cell/mm(2)], and it also higher in P+NSB group compared with in P group. However, it decreased in P+SB group compared with those in P group and P+NSB group ( F= 221.185, P< 0.01). Conclusions: High expression IL-10 in B cell smight inhibit alveolar bone loss, RANKL and IL-1β expressions and CD4(+)T-cell infiltration through IL-10.

Objective: To screen the risk factors of patients with frequent acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by detecting the clinical indicators of periodontitis and the level of bacterial and inflammatory markers in saliva. Methods: Thirty-eight COPD patients in their stable period were recruited and detected from Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital,Capital Medical University during December 2016 to May 2017. The periodontal index were recorded. The levels of inflammatory factors in saliva samples were examined by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The bacteria composition in the saliva samples were identified by using 16SrRNA gene pyrosequencing. All patients were followed up and monitored for acute exacerbation of COPD for 12 months. The patients were divided into frequent acute exacerbation group (≥2 times/year, n= 10) and non frequent acute exacerbation group (<2 times/year, n= 28). Results: In univariate analysis, the patients' average age of frequent acute exacerbation group (69.0±7.3) was significantly older than that of non-frequent acute exacerbation group (61.8±8.3) ( P= 0.02). The numbers of remaining teeth ≤26 [100% (10/10)] was significantly higher and plaque index ≤2.5 (2/10) in frequent acute exacerbation group was significantly lower compared with the remaining teeth ≤26 [43% (12/28)] and the plaque index ≤2.5 [71% (21/28)] in non-frequent acute exacerbation group ( P =0.02, P= 0.01). The proportions of salivary inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6) level ≤60 ng/L (10%),C-reactive protein (CRP) level ≤1 550 μg/L (30%), matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) level ≤140 μg/L (30%) and fibrinogen level ≤90 mg/L (30%) in frequent acute exacerbation group were significantly lower compared with salivary inflammatory factors IL-6 level ≤60 ng/L (71%),CRP level ≤1 550 μg/L (71%), MMP-8 level ≤140 μg/L (86%) and fibrinogen level ≤90 mg/L (71%) in non-frequent acute exacerbation group ( P< 0.05). The differences of relative abundances of salivary bacteria,such as species of Chloroflexi, Anaerolineae, Anaeroales, Corynebacteriales, Anaerolineaceae, Tissierellaceae, Leptotrichiaceae, Corynebacteriaceae, Leptotrichia, Moryella, Lachnoanaerobaculum and Corynebacterium between frequent acute exacerbation group and non-frequent acute exacerbation group were significantly different ( P< 0.05). In multivariate logistics regression analysis,the level of IL-6 >60 ng/L and the relative abundance of Corynebacteriales >0.2 had significant difference ( P< 0.05). Conclusions: The level of IL-6 and the relative abundance of Corynebacteriales might be the markers of frequent acute exacerbation in COPD patients.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between Lipoprotein (LP) (a) level and the characteristics of tissue components of left main coronary artery (LMCA) plaque. Methods: A total of 102 patients with stable angina pectoris who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the People's Hospital of Henan Province from June 2010 to October 2016 were included. We performed intravascular ultrasound-virtual histology (IVUS-VH) to their LMCAs and evaluated the tissue characteristics, and the blood level of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), ApoB, ApoA1, LP(a) were measured. According to the value of their LP(a) level they were divided into 2 groups (high LP(a) group (>300 mg/L) ( n =35) and low LP(a) group (≤300 mg/L) ( n =67)), then the relationship between the above lipid values and the tissue characteristics of the LMCA plaque in the patients were evaluated. Results: Patients with a high LP(a) had a larger percentage of fibrolipid volume and a smaller percentage fibrous volume compared to patients with a normal LP(a) (25%±5% vs 13%±6%, P <0.01 and 50%±8% vs 61%±9%, P <0.01). Using multivariate linear regression analysis after adjustment for the above-mentioned confounding factors, LP(a) had a significantly positive correlation with fibrolipid volume percentage ( r =0.645, β =0.29, P <0.01), and had a negative correlation with fibrous volume percentage ( r =-0.467, β =-0.32, P <0.01), suggesting that the LP(a) was associated with the vulnerability of the LMCA plaque. Conclusion: For the patients with stable angina pectoris, the LP(a) has a significantly positive correlation with the percentage of fibrolipid volume and a negative correlation with the percentage of fibrous volume, suggesting that the LP(a) could predict the vulnerability of the LMCA plaque.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of periodontal therapy on the quality of life in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). Methods: In a randomized controlled pilot study, 60 COPD patients with CP were randomly assigned into three groups to receive scaling and root planing (SRP) treatment, supragingival scaling treatment and oral hygiene instructions only with no periodontal treatment, respectively. The scores of each patient's quality of life at baseline, 1 year and 2 years, respectively, were evaluated by using the standardized St George's respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ). The SGRQ was composed of three dimensions: symptoms, activity, and impact. A score was calculated for each section and a total summary score was also calculated. A high score indicated poor health and a decrease in the score indicates an improvement in quality of life. Results: There were no statistically significant differences among the three groups for age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, lung funtion, periodontal parameters and the SGRQ scores (including total, symptoms, activity and impacts scores) among three groups at baseline (all P> 0.05). The SGRQ scores were all significantly correlated with major lung function parameters ( r =-0.54 --0.28). The result of ANCOVA analysis adjusted for the influence of baseline measurements showed that the total scores of two periodontal treatment groups were significantly lower ( P= 0.01) than that of control group at 2-year follow-up (SRP group: 31.1±12.1; scaling group: 28.9±9.8; control group: 46.5±24.9). The symptoms score of SRP group (45.4±19.7) was significantly lower ( P= 0.03) than that of control group (53.6±25.4) at 2-year follow-up. The impacts scores of two treatment groups were significantly lower ( P= 0.02) than that of control group at 2-year follow-up (SRP group: 15.2±8.3; scaling group: 14.9±7.7; control group: 34.8±18.8). Conclusions: Our preliminary results from this study suggest that non-surgical periodontal treatment in COPD patients with CP might improve the quality of life of the COPD patient.

Oral microecosystem comprises the different anatomic microniches of the oral cavity, oral microbiome living in them and the bathing fluid, saliva. Dynamic balance of the ecosystem plays an important role in keeping human health whereas disease conditions supervene when the microbial equilibrium is broken. Hence, the researchers have focused more attention on it recently. In this paper, the relationship between oral microecological homeostasis and general health was systematically reviewed from such aspects as the composition of oral microecosystem, the effects of its imbalance on oral and general health, and the methods currently used to modulate the oral microecology.

Objective: To investigate the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) and serum bone turnover factor in newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) patients., Methods: Eighty newly diagnosed SLE patients and 80 age and gender matched healthy controls were enrolled. None of the SLE patients had ever received glucocorticoid, immunosuppressive agents or vitamin D. BMD was measured at radius,lumbar spine and hip by dual X ray absorptiometry (DXA). Bone turnover markers including serum levels of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b),bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25-OH-VD3) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Logistic regression was employed to analyze the risk factors associated with decreased BMD., Results: Mean age of the SLE patients was (32.8±12.4) years, and 85% were female, none of whom were post-menopausal. BMD was significantly reduced in all the measured sites, compared with the healthy controls. Sixteen (20%) of the patients were osteopenic in at least one site measured locations. The serum levels of 25-OH-VD3 were markedly reduced in the newly diagnosed SLE patients than those of the normal controls [(46.1+12.3) nmol/L vs. (25.4+11.2) nmol/L, P<0.001)]. The serum levels of 25-OH-VD3 in the SLE patients with nephritis were much lower than those without nephritis (P=0.04). A significant negative correlation was demonstrated between the serum concentration of 25-OH-VD3 and the disease activity scores as measured by SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) (r=-0.3,P=0.001). The serum TRAP5b concentration was positively correlated with SLEDAI (r=0.435,P=0.003). Age (P=0.058) and SLEDAI (P=0.085) were probably associated with decreased BMD in Logistic regression analysis., Conclusion: The study showed reduced BMD in untreated SLE patients. The role of chronic inflammation was of probable importance in bone metabolism.

Objective: To investigate the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and -8 in patients with chronic periodontal disease and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and the possible relationship between IL-6 and IL-8 with two diseases. Methods: A total of 40 cases of healthy subjects (control group 1) from graduate school of Anhui Medical University, and 120 cases (40 cases in each of the 3 groups) of eligible patients were collected, of which 40 were patients with chronic periodontal disease and AECOPD (experimental group) from Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and Anhui NO.2 Provincial People ' s Hospital, 40 were patients with chronic periodontal disease (control group 2) from Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 40 were patients with AECOPD (control group 3) from Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. The clinical indicators of all subjects were collected, including tooth mobility degree, probing depth (PD), bleeding index (BI), attachment level (AL), vital capacity max (VC Max), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) and forced expiratory volume in first second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in the subjects of four groups. Results: The attachment levels had no significant differences between experimental group and control group 2 ( P >0.05). The pulmonary function indices of experimental group including VC MAX% pre[(56.1±11.1)%], FEV1 %pre [(44.8±12.2)%], FEV1/FVC(%) [(56.8±11.4)%] were significantly different from those in control group 3 [(66.3±10.1)%, (53.0±10.4)%, (66.5±8.2)%, respectively]. The IL-6 levels of experimental group, control groups 1, 2 and 3 were (14.4±3.9), (2.1±1.1), (4.8±1.9) and (8.6±1.4) ng/L, respectively. And the IL-8 levels were (35.3±33.3), (4.8±1.7), (9.7±3.3) and (15.6±9.6) ng/L. In experimental group the IL-6 and IL-8 levels were significantly higher than those in control groups 1, 2, and 3 ( P <0.01). In control group 2 and 3 the IL-6 and IL-8 levels were significantly higher than that in control group 1 ( P < 0.01). Conclusions: The IL-6 and IL-8 levels of experimental group were significantly increased. IL-6 and IL-8 may be associated with the development of periodontal disease and AECOPD closely.

Objective: To analyze the prognostic significance of TP53, Bcl-2, Bcl-6, Myc proteins expression by immunohistochemical method (IHC) in diffuse large B cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) . Methods: Clinical and pathologic data of 223 patients with DLBCL hospitalized in Zhejiang First Hospital from March 2009 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The 223 cases, a median age of 56 years old with a male predominance, had shown a 39.0% of TP53 positive expression, 38.6% of Myc, 69.1% of Bcl-2, 56.5% of Bcl-6, and 22.7% of Myc/Bcl-2 double expression. According to Hans' classification, 27.4% were GCB and 72.6% were non-GCB. With a median follow-up of 38 (2-97) months, the 3 and 5 years survival rates were 70% and 66% , respectively. By multivariate analysis, TP53 over-expression and Myc/Bcl-2 double expression were independently associated with poor outcomes. 3-year and 5-year overall survival were 59% and 57% for patients with TP53 positive, 77% and 71% for patients with TP53 negative expression. Patients with non-GCB subtype receiving chemotherapy combined with rituximab had a higher OS than those without rituximab. But rituximab did not improve the prognosis of patients with TP53 positive. Conclusion: Myc/Bcl-2 double expression and TP53 over-expression are poor prognosis for DLBCL patients. Patients with Myc/Bcl-2 double expression have shorter OS. Patients with non-GCB subtype who received chemotherapy combined with rituximab have a better OS than those without rituximab. But rituximab does not improve the prognosis of patients with TP53 positive.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between ApoB/A1 ratio and the characteristics of tissue components of their left main coronary artery(LMCA)plaque. Methods: A total of 98 patients with stable angina pectoris who received chronic statin treatment underwentpercutaneous coronary intervention in the People's Hospital of Henan Province from June 2010 to June 2016 were included.We prospectively performed intravascular ultrasound virtualhistology (IVUS-VH) to their LMCA and evaluated the tissue characteristics, and the blood level of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), triglyceride(TG), LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, ApoB, ApoA1, ApoB/A1 ratio were measured, then the association of the tissue characteristics with the aboved lipids values were analyzed. Results: According to the median value of their ApoB/A1ratios (0.80), they were divided into 2 groups [high ApoB/A1 ratio (>0.80) ( n =49) and low ApoB/A1 ratio (≤0.80) ( n =49)]. The patients with a high ApoB/A1 ratio had alarger fibrolipid volume and a smaller fibrous volume compared to patients with a low ApoB/A1 ratio ( 17.5%±1.2% vs 9.0%±1.0%, P =0.03 and 55.1%±2.1% vs 63.9%±1.8%, P <0.01). Using multivariate linear regression analysis after adjustment for the above-mentioned confounding factors, the ApoB/A1 ratio had a significantly positive correlation with fibrolipid volume ( r =0.445, β =0.29, P =0.010)and had a negative correlation with fibrous volume ( r =-0.567, β =-0.32, P =0.011), suggesting that the ApoB/A1 ratio was associated with the vulnerability of the LMCA plaque. Conclusion: For the patients with stable angina pectoris and chronic treatment of statins, a high ApoB/A1 ratio is associated with a high percentage of fibrolipid volume and a low percentage of fibrous volume in LMCA lesions, suggesting that the ApoB/A1 ratios could predict the vulnerability of the LMCA plaque.

Objective: To investigate the role of "Hong's single-stitch duct to mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy(HSDMP)" in laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD). Methods: The clinical data including perioperative and short-term outcomes of 51 cases of LPD with HSDMP which performed in Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(33 cases) and Frist Clinical Hospital of Jilin University(18 cases) between April and October 2016 were reviewed retrospectively. There were 31 male patients and 20 female patients. The mean age was(59±11)years. Body mass index (BMI) was 18 to 28 kg/m(2) and the average BMI was (23.2±4.4)kg/m(2). Preoperative diagnosis: 18 cases with pancreatic mass, 26 cases with peri-ampullary tumor, 3 cases with intra-ductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, 2 cases with duodenal carcinoma, 2 cases with serous cystadenoma. Results: Fifty-one patients accepted LPD using HSDMP. One patient underwent LPD combined with resection of superior mesentery vein. The mean operation time was (307±69)minutes, the mean diameter of pancreatic duct for reconstruction was (3.1±1.1)mm.The mean operation time for HSDMP was (34±5) minutes, the estimated blood loss was (170±127)ml. Twelve cases(23.5%) had pancreatic fistula according to International Study Group definition, including 9 cases(17.6%) of grade A and 3 cases (5.9%) of grade B. Five cases(9.8%) had delayed gastric empty, 5 cases(9.8%) had bile leakage and 2 cases(3.9%) had pulmonary infection postoperative.All these complications were treated by non-surgical strategies. One patient(2.0%) suffered from postoperative intra-abdominal bleeding and recovered after reoperation. Pathologic results showed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas in 20 cases(39.2%), non-pancreatic original peri-ampullary tumors in 23 cases(45.1%), intra-ductal papillary mucinous neoplasms in 3 cases(5.9%), duodenal carcinoma in 2 cases(3.9%), serous cystadenoma in 2 cases(3.9%) and neuroendocrine tumors in one case(2.0%). Conclusions: HSDMP could not only reduce the incidence of clinical pancreatic fistula, but also save operation time. It is a feasible and safe method for pancreaticojejunostomy.

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of C-reactive protein (CRP) in emerging non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed. A total of 101510 employees of Kailuan Group Company who underwent physical examination from July 2006 to October 2007 were enrolled as study subjects. The employees with a history of drinking, fatty liver disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, and malignant tumors and incomplete data were excluded. Finally 25843 employees were enrolled in the cohort study. According to the baseline CRP level, these employees were divided into CRP < 1 mg/L group, CRP 1-3 mg/L group, and CRP > 3 mg/L group. The detection rate of emerging NAFLD was compared between groups, and the multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk of NAFLD in each group. Results: With the increasing CRP level, age, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, waist circumference, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, serum uric acid, and the proportion of male patients tended to increase ( P < 0.01). The detection rate of emerging NAFLD was 24.6% in the CRP < 1 mg/L group, 29.6% in the CRP 1-3 mg/L group, and 30.6% in the CRP > 3 mg/L group (χ 2 = 92.10, P < 0.01). The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that after the confounding factors such as age, sex, and waist circumference were corrected, the risk of NAFLD in the CRP 1-3 mg/L group and CRP > 3 mg/L group was 1.09 (95% CI 1.01-1.17) and 1.24 (95% CI 1.13-1.35) times that in the CRP < 1 mg/L group. Conclusion: CRP is the independent risk factor for the development of NAFLD.

Objective: To explore the genes (biomarkers) correlated with cyst calcification in patients with cystic echinococcosis (CE), and to provide the evidence for the judgment on the patients' prognosis at molecular level., Methods: The liver tissues from 32 patients with liver CE (10 cases for mRNA microarray and 22 cases for real-time PCR analysis) and 11 patients with hepatic cystadenoma were collected from three hospitals in Ningxia from June, 2013 to December, 2014. A comparison of the different gene-expressions between five patients with calcified lesions and five cases with no calcification was carried out using Significant Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) to select a subset of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) . Fold-change analysis was used to assess the changes of the expression quantity in the same genes between two groups. The verification was conducted among the liver tissues from 22 patients with liver CE (11 in the group of calcified or 11 in that of non-calcified) by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). With GAPDH as a reference-gene and the liver tissues from 11 cases with hepatic cystadenoma as standardized control groups, the relative expressions of galecitin-4 (LGALS4) and acid ceramidase (ASAH1) in patients with calcified and non-calcified were calculated, respectively. The differences between two groups were compared using t'-test., Results: Five screened genes presented siginificantly different expressions all had showed the low-regulated expressions in the calcified group, with the most distinct low-regulation of LGALS4 and ASAH1 whose fold changes were 0.008 8, and 0.020 3, respectively. The verification by RT-qPCR illustrated that the relative expression of LGALS4 was showed at level of 0.49±0.27 amongst patients with calcified, and at level of 2.70±2.61 amongst non-calcified individuals,,indicating significant differences between two groups (t=-2.59, P=0.026); while the ASAH1 was relatively expressed at levels of 1.36±0.33 and of 1.68±0.67 amongst patients with calcified and non-calcified, respectively, showing insignificant changes statistically (t=-1.44, P=0.167). In the non-calcified group, both LGALS4 and ASAH1 genes expression quantities had a small fluctuation range, but with positively correlated trend (r=0.91, P=0.001), which indicated that a patient with the low LGALS4 expression quantity also had a relative low level of ASAH1 expression quantity., Conclusions: Low expression quantity of LGALS4 and ASAH1 genes in patients with CE in the calcification might be potential biomarker for an indication of the disease self-healing.

This paper, utilizing signal power spectrum and L-Z complexity measure, analyzes the abnormal ECG: ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF). And on the base of linear and nonlinear dynamics, the paper forwards a new definition of information complexity rate, deduces some relative properties and applies it to complexity analysis in irregular ECG. By means of biological experiments and computer simulations, the reasonability of information complexity and complexity rate is confirmed. At last, objective analysis and explanations of the mechanism of VT and VF are reported. The results indicate: with the help of power spectrum, complexity measure and complexity rate, the recognition of VT and VF can attain 100%.

Aim: To study the structures of the epimerides of cycloclausenamide., Methods: The structures of compound I, extracted from Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels, and synthesized compound III were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The stereo-structures of compound II and IV were also built up through Tripos force field based on crystal structures of compound I and III., Results: The molecular formula and molecular weight were found to be C18H17O2N and 279.34 respectively. Compound I crystallized in monoclinic system, space group P2(1) with a = 0.5928(1), b = 1.5014(1), c = 1.6190(1) nm, V = 1.4410(3) nm3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.288 g.cm-3, Rf = 0.075, Rw = 0.073(w = 1/sigma 2|F|), S = 3.983; compound III crystallized in triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 0.5667(1), b = 1.2934(1), c = 2.1119 (1) nm, alpha = 102.17(1), beta = 90.25(1), gamma = 102.65(2) degrees, V = 1.4770(5) nm3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.224 g.cm-3, Rf = 0.047, Rw = 0.051(w = 1/sigma 2|F|), S = 0.467., Conclusion: These results showed that compound I and III both are cycloclausenamide except that the directions of the phenyl group on C6 are different. Cycloclausenamide can form 4 pairs of epimerides but the directions of the phenyl group does not affect their energy in free state.

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Penthorum chinense., Method: Silica gel and macroporous resin were used as adsorbent for isolation and purification. The chemical structures were elucidated by spectral analysis and chemical methods., Result: Three compounds were isolated from the water-extract of P. chinense. The structures were identified as 5-hydroxy-flavanone-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (I), 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid (II) and quercetin(III), respectively., Conclusion: Compounds I and II were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Objective: To compare pharmacodynamics of decoction and powder of Leech; To identify effect of pharmacodynamics of Leech with new methods of process and ultrmicro-pulverization., Method: The size of ultramicor-powder of Leech and new method processed Leech is determined by BT-1500 size distributive instrument. It is compared that the pharmacodynamics of Leech decoction and powder as well as ultramicro-powder with new method processed of 1/2 decoction dose by anticoagulation and antithrombus action of mice. The safety of different samples is identified., Result: The pharmacodynamics of samples is as ultramicro-powder of Leech with new method processed > ultrmicro-powder of Leech > powder of Leech > decoction of Leech., Conclusion: The ultramicro-powder of Leech with new method processed has better pharmacodynamic effect and the smell of Leech is improved.

Objective: To study the effects of the monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody NP30 active immunization on egg granuloma formation and hepatic fibrosis in Schistosoma japonicum infection., Methods: ICR mice were actively immunized with NP30 100 micrograms x 3 i.p. every 10 days while the mice in control group were injected with SP2/0 ascites i.p. simultaneously. After cercariae challenging, the mice were killed at the 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th, 20th and 24th week, respectively. Mouse livers were removed and stained histochemically with VG and subjected to immunohistochemical assay of collagen type I, III and fibronectin(FN). The volume of egg granulomas and the content of collagen type I, III and FN were determined quantitatively by NYD-1000 Image Analysis System., Results: The volume of egg granulomas in NP30 immunized group was much smaller than that of control group from the 12th week after cercariae challenge. The cellular components of egg granulomas in NP30 immunized group were significantly different from those of the control group, exhibiting two types of atypical egg granulomas were found. VG stain revealed that the average optical density of collagen in hepatic granulomas of experimental group was lower than that of control group. Immunohistochemical assay revealed that the contents of collagen type I, III and fibronectin in egg granulomas of experimental group were lower than those of control group., Conclusion: NP30 vaccination may induce both cellular and humoral protective immunity to modulate egg granulomas and suppress liver fibrosis of schistosomiasis japonica.

Objective: To establish methodologically a method for quantitative determination of beta-eudesmol in Atractylodes lancea., Method: GC, column: 3 mm x 2 m; stationary phase; 15% QF-1; support: Chromosorb WAW(60-80 mesh); detector: hydrogen flame ionization detector; injection chamber temperature: 210 degrees C; column temperature: 174 degrees C; carrier gas: N2:50 ml.min-1, air: 49 kPa, H2:58.8 kPa; sensibility range: 10(2) x 64; chart speed: 2.5 mm.min-1., Result: Average recovery ratio is 100.7% (n = 5)., Conclusion: This method can be used to control the quality of A. lancea.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of polypectomy and anterior ethmoidectomy associated with intranasal applications of capsaicin on the recurrence of nasal polyps., Method: Fifty one patients (19 females, 32 males, mean age 43) undergoing polypectomy and anterior ethmoidectomy were included in the study. In 29 patients, a cotton pellet soaked with capsaicin (3 x 10(-6) mol, dissolved in 70% ethanol) was left into the middle meatus for 20 min under local anaesthesia. As a control group, 22 patients were treated with the capsaicin vehicle alone (70% ethanol). All patients studied received the intranasal capsaicin or vehicle treatment once a week for 5 weeks. The clinical objective examination and the subjective evaluation of nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea were recorded by means of a visual analogic scale graded from 0 to 4 throughout the study., Result: Patients treated with intranasal capsaicin application reported 9 months later and 55 months later separately, a marked reduction of their subjective evaluation of nasal obstruction when compared to the pretreatment evaluation (P < 0.01). In contrast, patients treated with the capsaicin vehicle alone did not have any significant improvement of their subjective evaluation of nasal obstruction. Subjective rhinorrhea was not modified by either treatment. Of 29 patients with capsaicin treatment, 25 (86.2%) patients (9 months later) and 20 (69%) patients (55 months later) showed satisfactory result, compared to 10 (45.4%) patients and 8 (36.4%) patients separately in the control group, the difference was significant (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: Intranasal capsaicin application can reduce polyp recurrence and nasal obstruction after polypectomy and ethmoidectomy.

Objective: To review the recent progresses on tissue engineering of skin., Methods: Recent original articles about tissue engineering of skin were extensively reviewed, which focused on the progresses and major problems concerning the epidermal substitutes, dermal substitutes, cultured-epidermal composite skin graft., Results: Most investigators had come to conclusion that the optimal skin substitute should provide for immediate reconstruction of both the lost epidermis and dermis. The research was mainly focused on how to transplant epidermal cells immediately, preserve their activity and function, and develop the extracellular matrix which could effectively accelerate the function of transplanted cells, induce vascular growth from the wound bed, could be biodegradable, no toxicity and no danger of carrying pathogen., Conclusion: The major research trends of tissue engineering of skin should be focused on the study of immediate transplantation of epidermal cells, accelerate wound healing and developing extracellular matrix of dermis.

Objective: To study the responsibilities and the clinical applications of auditory event-related response P300 recorded with active and passive modes in normal young adults., Method: P300s were recorded with active and passive modes, that is, to count and not to count the numbers of target stimuli during measuring respectively, in young adults as subjects. The waveforms, latencies and amplitudes of P300 were analyzed., Result: The resemble P300 in waveform and responsibility could be recorded with active and passive mode. There were some differential responsibilities between active and passive recording modes, which the latencies in active mode were shorter than the ones in passive mode, the amplitude of N1-P2 in active mode was lower than the one in passive mode, nevertheless, the amplitude of N2-P3 in active mode was significantly higher than the one in passive mode., Conclusion: The resemble P300 in waveform and responsibility could be recorded with active and passive mode. The differences of latencies and amplitudes between two modes demonstrated that the responsibility of P300 was related to the recognition process of auditory center. On the other hand, the passive recording mode of P300 is a way to measure for the uncooperative subjects.

Objective: To study HPV infection route and pathogenesis of juvenile laryngeal papilloma(JLP)., Method: HPV-DNA of JLP was detected with PCR and PCR product dot blot hybridization. Serum Ig and complement 3(C3) was detected with nephelometry., Result: HPV total positive rate in JLP was 95%(19/20). HPV6 was 55%(11/20). HPV11 was 30%(6/20), and HPV6 + 11 was 10%(2/20). Serum IgG, IgA, IgM and C3 of JLP were normal, no significant difference between JLP and the control group(P > 0.05)., Conclusion: HPV6 infection of JLP was in the majority. And the type was consistent with the type of female genital organ pointed condyloma. Humoral immunity was negligible in HPV infection. Pathologic picture of different HPV type infection was identical.

Objective: To investigate the effect and distribution of cholinergic efferent vestibular neurons in normal wistar rat., Method: HPR retrograde tracer and Immunocytochemical techniques were used., Result: Results show that AchT immunoreactive neurons locate in dorsolateral and dorsomedial to genu of the facial. Few neurons scatter in the parvocellular nucleus., Conclusion: As a neural transmitter, acetylcholine distribute in efferent vestibular neurons and play an important role.

Objective: To study chemical approaches to the research and development of modern traditional chinese pharmacy., Method: To put forward several views on the aspects that concerns chemical approaches to the research and development of modern traditional chinese pharmacy., Result and Conclusion: Dactyloscopic system should be set up for the quality control of traditional chinese medicinal materials and preparations. In the research of effective components in traditional chinese medicines proper treatment should be given to the new compounds that arise in the process of decocting compound prescriptions.

A comparison of apical leakage produced by three preparation technique and two obrutation methods was done in this article.The fine curved canals were prepared with routine prepartion technique,ultrasonic technique,step-back technique and filled with traditional lateral condensation,warm gutta-percha lateral condensation separately.The result showed that the apical sealing ability of warm gutta-percha lateral condensation was superior to traditional lateral condensation.It could remedy the defect of irregular canal shape of fine curved canal preapred with routine technique and ultrasonic technique in some degree by the improvement of apical sealing ability.

The fine canals and obstructed canals were treated with ultrasound in 70 cases.Canals were re-enlarged and filled in 61 cases,with a success rate of 89%.No lateral perforation or tooth facture was due to excessive loss of the teeth structure.This method was proved to be more effective and safer than traditional method.

Two new diterpenoids, named isodoternifolin A and B, together with seven known compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of dried stems and leaves of Isodon ternifolius (D. Don) Kudo. Their structures were determined as 7 beta-hydroxy-6 beta, 11 alpha, 15 beta-triacetoxy-7 alpha, 20-epoxyentkaur-16-ene (1) and 6 beta, 7 beta, 15 beta-trihydroxy-11 alpha-acetoxy-7 alpha, 20-epoxy-entkaur-16-ene (2) by chemical and spectral evidence.

Depolarization-activated, calcium-independent outward currents (Iout) in enzymatically dispersed mouse ventricular myocytes were characterized by whole-cell recording technique. During brief depolarizations to potentials positive to -50 mV, outward K+ currents in these cells rise rapidly to a peak followed by a slower decay to an apparent plateau. The relative peak to plateau amplitudes in a single cell varied as a function of the holding potential (HP) from which the currents were evoked. Reversal potentials for the peak and plateau components were -64.3 +/- 3.9 mV and -53.3 +/- 2.9 mV, respectively (uncorrected for junction potentials). The outward current decay is well described by double exponential fits, whereas the time course of peak Iout decay following a 500 ms prepulse is best fitted by single exponential function, indicating the presence of two distinct components, IKf and IKs, of the outward currents in mouse ventricular cells. Application of 4-AP were accompanied by a marked attenuation of peak Iout and plateau Iout, indicating that both IKf and IKs display similar sensitivities to 4-AP. The steady state inactivation of IKf is found incomplete within the test potential range (-80 - +30 mV) owing probably to the fact that the APD of mouse myocardium is too short.

Comparing with the results of HPV DNA detection by PCR, 44 cases of condyloma acuminatum and condyloma-like lesions in female genital tract were studied histopathologically. Among 40 cases formerly diagnosed as condyloma acuminatum or suspicious condyloma acuminatum, all were HPV DNA detectable. HPV6 and HPV11 were found in 4 cases without koilocytes. HPV6 was found in one out of 4 cases formerly diagnosed as pseudocondyloma. The result showed that koilocytes are characteristic and diagnostic, anyhow, undiscovery of these cells still cannot rule out the possibility of condyloma acuminatum.