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Background Hepatic macrophages play a vital role in the defense mechanisms and maintaining the internal environment stability of body, and are also major cellular components involved in liver injury and repair. Macrophages derived from hematopoietic stem cells exhibit distinct gene regulation patterns compared to resident macrophages in the liver. More than 90% of primary liver cancer occurs on the basis of cirrhosis, and the dynamic changes of macrophages in the progression of cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma are worth exploring. Objective To analyze the transcriptomic differences of hepatic macrophages originating from diverse sources, analyze the dynamic pattern of macrophage changes in liver cirrhosis and liver cancer progression, and explore potential strategies for preventing the progression of liver cancer. Methods In this study, single-cell transcriptomics data of healthy, cirrhotic and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The healthy and liver fibrosis data were obtained from the GSE136103 dataset of the GEO database, which included samples from five healthy liver tissues and five liver cirrhosis tissues. The HCC data were obtained from the GSE149614 dataset of the GEO database, which consisted of 21 samples from ten HCC patients. Utilizing the Seurat package, a clustering analysis was conducted on the transcriptomic data derived from liver fibrosis and HCC samples to identify distinct cell types. Notably, three distinctive clusters of macrophage subtypes were identified within the fibrosis samples, from which the top 200 marker genes were extracted. Metascape online analysis software was applied to functionally analyze each subcluster-specific expressed gene. Subgroup-specific expressed genes in liver fibrosis were extracted, and the function of macrophages in cirrhosis was explored by KEGG functional analysis. The CellChat software package was utilized to analyze intercellular interactions within liver fibrosis and HCC single-cell transcriptome data, differences in macrophage communication between cirrhosis and HCC samples were compared. Additionally, normal, fibrotic and cancerous macrophages were extracted, and batch effect correction was performed using the Harmony package. Subsequently, the Monocle package was employed for pseudo-time analysis to construct the developmental trajectory of macrophages spanning from a healthy state to fibrosis and eventually to the HCC microenvironment. The limma package was utilized to find genes that are continuously up-regulated and down-regulated during the evolution of macrophages from healthy state to cirrhotic state and finally to HCC, and functional enrichment analysis was performed. Results Unsupervised clustering was performed, and a total of three macrophage subclusters (designated as Mac1, Mac2, Mac3) were identified based on the expression patterns of marker genes. Mac1 originates from tissue-resident macrophages (Kupffer cells). Mac2 and Mac3 derived from blood monocytes and their numbers were significantly increased in cirrhotic tissue. Mac1 in cirrhotic tissue showed up-regulation of adaptive immune system-related functions. Mac2 and Mac3 subgroups show down-regulation of phagosome-related functions and antigen presentation functions. There were significant differences in communication between macrophages and other cell types in cirrhotic tissue and HCC tissue. Certain intercellular communication occurs only in cirrhotic macrophages, including cell communication of signaling pathways such as IFN-Ⅱ and CD40. After batch effect correction, pseudo-time series analysis was performed on macrophages from healthy liver, liver cirrhosis and HCC, the results suggest that there is a specific temporal relationship between the three groups of macrophages. This study identified 81 genes that were continuously down-regulated during the process, however, no genes were identified that were continuously up-regulated during the evolution of healthy-cirrhotic-HCC macrophage. Functional analysis suggested that the continuously down-regulated genes are functionally enriched for immune responses to bacteria. Conclusion Cirrhotic macrophages can be divided into three subgroups, of which Mac1 derived from liver-resident Kupffer cells and Mac2 and Mac3 derive from blood monocytes. Many immune-related cell communications in liver cirrhosis, such as IFN-Ⅱ and CD40 pathways, disappear in HCC. There is a continuous down-regulation of immune responses to bacteria in the evolution of healthy -cirrhotic-HCC macrophages, which may exacerbate the destructive effect of portal hypertension-induced gut microbiota displacement. For patients with liver cirrhosis, early treatment of portal hypertension-induced intestinal leakage (leaky gut) may be an important treatment strategy.

The fine modeling of the lunar gravity field is a fundamental task for establishing lunar altitude references, conducting research on lunar interior structure, and other scientific endeavors. The lunar gravity field model constructed solely based on spacecraft orbit data has limited spatial resolution, making it challenging to meet the demands of fine gravity field research. The acquisition of high-resolution terrain models presents new opportunities for the study of precise lunar gravity fields. This paper reviews the current status and advancements in fine lunar gravity field modeling, including research efforts and evaluation methods for global lunar gravity field models, principles and technologies for fine gravity field modeling, as well as related research outcomes. On this basis, this paper systematically summarizes the key theoretical issues and technical challenges in the theory of lunar gravity field modeling based on high-resolution terrain models. These include data updating, error correction in high-frequency gravity field modeling, calculation efficiency, and the series divergence problem in spherical harmonic analysis. In addition, future research directions are discussed. This work will provide references for gravity field research on the Moon and other terrestrial planets.

To investigate the effects of different aging times on the volatile flavor substances of rosy vinegar, headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS), principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) were used to investigate the physicochemical and volatile flavor components of fresh, one-year-old, three-year-old and ten-year-old samples. The results showed that the content of reducing sugars and amino acid nitrogen increased during aging, and promoted the flavor and color development of rosy vinegar. A total of 79 volatile flavor substances were detected in rosy vinegar by HS-SPME-GC-MS, among which most of the esters were degraded during aging, while the content of carbonyl compounds and pyrazines increased significantly during aging. 13 volatile compounds with odor activity value greater than 1 were calculated in rosy vinegar by odor threshold value, and the main odor-presenting compounds differed in different aging periods. Principal component and cluster analyses revealed significant separation among the rosy vinegar samples at different aging periods, indicated that the aging time has an important influence on the composition of volatile substances in rosy vinegar.

Background With the incidence of chronic metabolic diseases rising by year, which has threatened the national health, the study of non-coding RNA and endocrine metabolism-related diseases has become a research hotspot at home and abroad, while lncRNA NEAT1 and miRNA-182-5p in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with metabolic-related fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been rarely reported. Objective To investigate the mechanism and clinical significance of lncRNA NEAT1 and miRNA-182-5p in the development of liver fibrosis in T2DM patients with MAFLD. Methods A total of 236 T2DM patients admitted to the endocrinology department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology from October 2021 to June 2022 were included as the study subjects, and 49 healthy people were included as the healthy control group. General information and laboratory test results of the subjects were collected. Visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were measured. Peripheral blood was collected and lncRNA NEAT1, miRNA-182-5p were determined. T2DM patients were divided into the T2DM with non-MAFLD group (n=82) and T2DM with MAFLD group (n=154). T2DM with MAFLD group was further divided into the low-risk subgroup (n=55), medium-risk subgroup (n=69) and high-risk subgroup (n=30) according to the liver fibrosis index (FIB-4). In addition, healthy people were selected as the healthy control group (n=49). Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation of lncRNA NEAT1 and miRNA-182-5p expression levels in the high-risk subgroup of liver fibrosis, and multilevel ordinal Logistic regression was used to explore the influencing factors of liver fibrosis risk in T2DM patients with MAFLD. Results Age, neck circumference (NC), fasting blood glucose (FPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the healthy control group were lower than those in the T2DM with non-MAFLD and T2DM with MAFLD groups, the albumin (Alb) in the healthy control group was higher than that in the T2DM with non-MAFLD and T2DM with MAFLD groups (P

This paper uses various channels to collect the data of earthquake disasters in 2022, and collates the global seismic activities and earthquake disasters in 2022. The change curves of global disaster earthquake frequency and casualties in recent 20 years and the distribution map of disaster earthquakes in 2022 were drawn. By summarizing the earthquake information and disaster conditions causing casualties, a detailed analysis of major earthquake disasters was made. The main characteristics of global earthquake disasters in 2022 were summarized, and major earthquake events in Afghanistan were listed. Compared with last year’s earthquake, the number of casualties caused by earthquake disasters in 2022 has decreased, and the disaster earthquakes are characterized by concentrated casualties and frequent secondary disasters. In view of the prominent causes of earthquake casualties, this paper puts forward corresponding earthquake disaster prevention measures and suggestions.

ObjectivesIn order to improve the efficiency of structural strength verification in finite element calculation, and reduce workloads for size optimization in iterative process, this paper is intended to propose a method for plate seam arrangement and size optimization of double bottom longitudinal girders of bulk carriers.MethodsFirst, based on the theoretical formula, the reliability of the sub-model technology is demonstrated and a multi-condition screening method for the optimization design of double bottom longitudinal girders is proposed. Then, a double bottom longitudinal girder of a real bulk carrier is taken as an example and divided into plate panels. The plate thickness is set as a variable and the permissible stress of the Harmonized Common Structural Rules (HCSR) is used as the optimization constraint in size optimization. The plate seam arrangement with the minimum weight is chosen as the optimized arrangement after using the exhaustive method to list all the seam arrangements and merge the plate thicknesses. Finally, considering the HCSR regulatory requirements about yield strength finite element calculation of hold section，the plate seam arrangement of the longitudinal girder strengthening area of interest is optimized, on this basis, the satisfactory structural sizes that meet the regulatory requirements are obtained using the proposed size optimization method.ResultsThe results show that this method for plate seam optimization and structural strengthening based on size optimization can reduce the weight of the optimized area by 4.9%.ConclusionsThe method proposed herein can effectively reduce the randomness of finite element-based manual calculation of structural strengthening, optimize finite element design scheme and reduce the weight of strengthening.

Objective To explore the effect of new combined revascularization surgery on cognitive function in adult patients with moyamoya disease (MMD). Methods From May 2021 to April 2022, a total of 23 adult with MMD underwent superficial temporal artery (STA)⁃middle cerebral artery (MCA) bypass surgery and encephalo⁃duro⁃myo⁃arterio⁃periosto⁃synangosis (EDMAPS) at Aviation General Hospital were enrolled. They underwent head MRI, DSA and CT perfusion (CTP) examinations before and 6 months after surgery, and were graded for collateral compensation by the Matsushima grading system. Cognitive function was evaluated by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Beijing version. Results Total 23 patients had an increase in the MoCA total score (t=4.132, P=0.000), as well as the scores of visual space/executive ability (t=2.612, P=0.016), memory (t=5.144, P=0.000), attention (t=2.655, P=0.014) and directional ability (t=2.105, P=0.047). Based on the Matsushima grading system after surgery, there were 12 patients with grade A (>2/3 of MCA blood supply area), 8 with grade B (1/3-2/3 of MCA blood supply area), and 3 with grade C (

Efficient processing strategy for large datasets is a key support for coal mine intelligent constructions, such as the intelligent construction of coal mine safety monitoring and mining. To address the problem of insufficient clustering efficiency and accuracy of the K-means algorithm for large datasets, a highly efficient K-means clustering algorithm based on locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) is proposed. Based on LSH, the sampling process is optimized, and a data grouping algorithm LSH-G is proposed. The large dataset is divided into subgroups and the noisy points in the dataset are removed effectively. Based on LSH-G, the subgroup division process in the density biased sampling (DBS) algorithm is optimized. And a data group sampling algorithm, LSH-GD, is proposed. The sample set can more accurately reflect the distribution law of the original dataset. On this basis, the K-means algorithm is used to cluster the generated sample set, achieving efficient mining of effective data from large datasets with low time complexity. The experimental results show that the optimal cascade combination consists of 10 AND operations and 8 OR operations, resulting in the smallest sum of squares due to error of class center (SSEC). On the artificial dataset, compared with the K-means algorithm based on multi-layer simple random sampling (M-SRS), the K-means algorithm based on DBS, and the K-means algorithm based on grid density biased sampling (G-DBS), the K-means algorithm based on LSH-GD achieves an average improvement of 56.63%, 54.59%, and 25.34% respectively in clustering accuracy. The proposed algorithm achieves an average improvement of 27.26%, 16.81%, and 7.07% in clustering efficiency respectively. On the UCI standard dataset, the K-means clustering algorithm based on LSH-GD obtains optimal SSEC and CPU time consumption (CPU-C).

In order to study the anti-fatigue effect of the active ingredients of the ginseng, glycyrrhiza root and osmanthus flower extract on mice, and discuss its anti-fatigue mechanism. The Balb/C mice were randomly divided into 4 groups according to their body weight: Control group and three dose groups (30, 150, 300 mg/L−1). The ginseng glycyrrhiza root and osmanthus flower extract was extracted, filtered and concentrated by hot water reflux process, and then formulated as gavage material in proportion. Gavage saline and low, medium and high doses of extract (once a day) 2 mL each time into the stomach of Balb/C mice that have adapted to the environment. A 28-day gavage trial was performed to record changes in body weight of each group of mice per week. After the last gavage, the hepatic glycogen content, blood urea nitrogen, blood lactate content and T-SOD activity and MDA content were measured by weight-bearing swimming test, normal pressure hypoxia test and biochemical method. The results showed that the serum lactate decreased more significantly after swimming in the administered group of mice than the blank group data, and the increase level of serum urea nitrogen decreased significantly compeared with the blank group, and some dose groups with significant differences. The serum T-SOD levels (218.71±8.14, 217.21±7.82, 204.33±7.78 U·mL−1) and liver glycogen levels (11.75±1.02, 12.03±1.21, 11.84±0.67 mg/g) were significantly higher than those in the blank group (121.18±17.58 U·mL−1, 7.91±0.89 mg/g). And the serum MDA levels of mice in the administered group (11.24±1.18, 13.62±0.65, 15.25±0.91 nmol·mL−1) were significantly lower than those in the blank group (21.18±1.62 nmol·mL−1). The administration of the drug significantly prolonged the survival time of mice under weight-bearing swimming and atmospheric pressure anoxic condition. In conclusion, it shows that ginseng glycyrrhiza root and osmanthus flower extract has significant anti-fatigue effect. The mechanism of action may be related to the rich content of saponins, flavonoids and polysaccharides, which can regulate the liver glycogen content and improve the level of oxygen free radical scavenging in mice.

Objective To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods The related literatures of 12 databases at home and abroad were searched for the period from the establishment of the database to March 2022. RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis. Results A total of 14 randomized controlled trials were included, including 1 344 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that acupuncture plus western medicine was superior to western medicine in improving fasting blood glucose［MD=-1.26, 95%CI（-1.50，-1.03）, Z=10.57, P＜0.01］, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose［MD=-1.65, 95%CI（-1.88，-1.42）,Z=14.25, P＜0.01］, glycosylated hemoglobin［MD=-0.97，95%CI（-1.25，-0.69）, Z=6.76, P＜0.01］ and insulin resistance index［MD=-1.35, 95%CI（-1.54，-1.15）, Z=13.23, P＜0.01］. GRADE evidence quality evaluation results showed that 2-hour postprandial blood glucose was high quality evidence, while fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and insulin resistance index were medium quality evidence. Conclusion The current evidence shows that the efficacy of acupuncture plus western medicine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus is better than that of western medicine. Acupuncture has a better effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus.

As an important component of future naval campaigns, the unmanned surface vehicle (USV) swarm is an important direction for the development of unmanned maritime assets in various counties. This paper first summarizes the current strategic planning and application status of USV swarms in foreign countries, then dissects the research progress of USV swarms in such aspects as cluster communication, battlefield situation awareness and cooperative task assignment. At the same time, the typical combat operation modes and main benefits of USV swarms are analyzed and assessed. Finally, current challenges that need to be tackled in USV swarm combat operation are analyzed, and countermeasures that can be taken against the technological development of USV swarm combat operation are predicted.

ObjectiveTo determine the epidemic characteristics of anthrax in Chengde City， Hebei Province from 2005 to 2021， and to provide evidence for formulating prevention and control measures of anthrax and reducing incidence rate.MethodsThis study collected the data of anthrax epidemic in Chengde City and conducted descriptive analysis.ResultsFrom 2005 to 2021， a total of 11 anthrax cases were reported in Chengde City with no death. The average incidence rate was 0.08/105， which remained low. Furthermore， 10 cases were cutaneous anthrax and 1 case was pulmonary anthrax. The cases were mainly reported in Weichang County， accounting for 90.91% of the total reported cases， followed by Pingquan City. In addition， the cases were mainly reported from July to August and mainly between 30 and 59 years old with a gender ratio of 2.67∶1.ConclusionThe anthrax epidemic in Chengde City is likely to increase. It mainly occurs in summer， rural areas， and male young and middle-aged farmers. It is necessary to improve epidemic monitoring， health education， disease prevention capacity， early identification of the epidemic， and active response.

Alzheimer's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive memory loss and overall cognitive decline. Two typical pathological features are senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles detected in the brain, which consist of large amounts of precipitated amyloid peptide and hyperphosphorylated Tau protein, respectively. In addition, there are other pathological features such as neuroinflammatory response and extensive loss of neurons. In the past decades, a lot of research has been done on Alzheimer's disease, but its etiology and pathogenesis are still unclear, and there is no ideal treatment or radical cure. This review introduced the characteristics of various transgenic animal models and their current application in preclinical studies, in order to provide theoretical basis for future experimental studies.

Aiming at the problem that the current non-invasive load monitoring can only identify a single household appliance,and the recognition rate of multiple household appliances running at the same time is low,a non-invasive household appliance identification method based on CNN and K-means clustering was proposed.Firstly,the improved CUSUM edge detection algorithm was used to detect the time of the obtained user power data and extract the power waveform of the load switching event.Secondly,the extracted power waveform was filtered by Gaussian filtering method,and the processed waveform was transformed into pixel image as the load feature library.One part was used as the training set to train the CNN model improved by K-means algorithm,and the other part was used as the test set to test the model recognition accuracy;Finally,the experimental platform was used for actual test and analysis.The experimental results show that the recognition rate of the model for seven kinds of household appliances is 100%,which verifies the effectiveness of the model.The convolutional neural network is improved by K-means algorithm to increase the difference between similar load characteristics and improve the accuracy of load identification,which provides a reference for the development of non-invasive load detection technology.

Based on the earthquake disaster data collected by various routes, this paper sorts out the global seismic activity and disasters in 2021. Variation curves of global disaster earthquake frequency with casualties in this century at the beginning twenty years and distribution map of hazard earthquakes in 2021 were plotted. And the earthquake information and disaster situation of earthquakes with casualties were described. Correspondingly, the major earthquake disasters were analyzed in detail, and the main characteristics of global earthquake disasters in 2021 were summarized. Compared with the previous earthquake, it is found that the seismicity is strong in 2021, especially to the occurrence rate of earthquakes with magnitude 8 and above. In 2021, the number of casualties caused by earthquake increased, and disaster earthquakes were characterized by high frequency, concentrated casualties, and frequent secondary disasters. According to the situation of high earthquake frequency and prominent causes of casualties, this paper puts forward corresponding measures and suggestions for earthquake disaster prevention, which emphasizes the importance of earthquake prevention work for the future.

In the long-term hydrological process over the last four decades, extensive exploitation of groundwater resources has resulted in such problems as continuous decline in groundwater level and dry-up of springs in some areas while groundwater levels were still stable in some other areas. How to judge whether the exploitation of groundwater resources is sustainable or not is a focused scientific issue. In this paper, the intermediate section of Heihe River Basin is selected as the study area. With the methods of MK test and continuous wavelet analysis, the characteristics of groundwater monitoring data with long-term series are analyzed and the regional groundwater regime are examined. By taking the regional hydrogeology into account, the equilibrium and un-equilibrium areas of groundwater are divided in the intermediate section of Heihe River Basin. The regulation amount of aquifers from 1990 to 2020 is estimated with the methods of Kriging interpolation. The regulation capacity of different regions is evaluated. The results show that the regime of groundwater level in the intermediate section of Heihe River Basin includes four types of long-term stable periodic regime: hydrology type, hydrology-exploitation type, exploitation type, and evaporation- exploitation type. Over-exploitation of groundwater or over-diversion of water resources in the upper reaches resulted in the long-term decline type of groundwater regime. The equilibrium areas of groundwater are dominated within the thick aquifers in the intermediate section of Heihe River Basin, mainly located in the Heihe-Liyuanhe River inclined plain, Jiuquan Basin, and erosion and deposition plains in the lower part of the middle reaches of Heihe River. The groundwater amount of 12.06×108 m3 in aquifers of the equilibrium areas was pumped from 1990 to 2001 and 9.06×108 m3 was stored from 2001 to 2020, indicating that the aquifers with large thickness can provide enough space for the long term regulation of groundwater resources. If the amount of groundwater pumping is controlled reasonably, the natural regulation capacity of aquifers in such areas can meet the water demands for industry, agriculture, and domestic use in the local area and for the eco-system in the downstream area. In the un-equilibrium areas such as the inclined plain of rivers to the east of Heihe River, Yanchi Basin, and the piedmont of Yumushan mountain, the pattern and intensity of groundwater exploitation is unsustainable. Even in wet seasons, the continuous decline trend of groundwater level cannot be changed. The measures such as decreasing groundwater pumping, and regulating diversion of surface water and groundwater pumping in the upstream area, should be adopted in order to prevent the dry-up of groundwater resources. The results of this study can provide references for management and sustainable exploitation of water resources in arid and inland areas of northwest China.

Objective To study the effects of ropivacaine on the biological behaviour of liver cancer cell line Hep3B and to explore its molecular mechanism. Methods Hep3B cells were divided into the control group, ropivacaine group, si-NC group, si-LINC00853 group, pcDNA-NC group, pcDNA-LINC00853 group,(ropivacaine+pcDNA-NC) group and (ropivacaine +pcDNA-LINC00853) group. Cell Counting Kit(CCK-8), Transwell assays, and RT-qPCR were applied to detect cell proliferation, migration, invasion and LINC00853 expression. Western blot was used to analyze the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP2) and MMP9 proteins. Results Compared with the NC group, the proliferation inhibition rate of Hep3B cells in the ropivacaine group was elevated, cell migration and invasion were inhibited. The expression of PCNA, MMP2, MMP9 and LINC00853 was reduced (P＜0.05). Compared with the si-NC group, the proliferation inhibition rate of Hep3B cells in the si-LINC00853 group was elevated, cell migration and invasion were reduced and the expression of PCNA, MMP2, MMP9 protein was decreased (P＜0.05). Compared with the pcDNA-NC group, the proliferation inhibition of Hep3B cells in the pcDNA-LINC00853 group was reduced, cell migration and invasion were increased. The expression of PCNA, MMP2, and MMP9 protein was increased (P＜0.05). Compared with the (ropivacaine+ pcDNA-NC) group, the proliferation inhibitio of Hep3B cells in the (ropivacaine+ pcDNA-LINC00853) group was reduced, cell migration and invasion were increased and the expression of PCNA, MMP2 and MMP9 protein increased (P＜0.05). Conclusions Ropivacaine can inhibit liver cancer cell line Hep3B proliferation, migration and invasion. Its mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of LINC00853 expression.

To improve the extraction accuracy, the Savitzky-Golay filter is used to filter the noisy Brillouin spectra. Based on the obtained relatively accurate Brillouin frequency shift, the symmetric part of the Brillouin spectrum is selected according to the raw Brillouin spectrum. Based on the selected spectrum, the Brillouin frequency shift is extracted by the parabolic fitting. Since the proposed method can obtain the Brillouin spectrum with a high degree of symmetry and more calculation time, the improved parabolic fitting method can significantly improve the accuracy of the extracted Brillouin frequency shift in real-time demonstration. This paper considers the original parabolic fitting method, the fitting method based on the pseudo-Voigt model and the improved parabolic fitting method to calculate the Brillouin frequency shift along the optical fiber. The results show that the calculation time of the modified parabola fitting method is longer than that of the original parabola fitting method, but only 1/37~1/28 of that of the fitting method based on the pseudo-Voigt model. The accuracy of the Brillouin frequency shift extracted by the former is similar to that of the latter. The proposed method is effective to realize fast sensing of temperature and strain along the optical fiber.

Objective To investigate the relationship among serum 25（OH）D level, IgE-mediated food allergy and the severity of atopic dermatitis （AD） in infants. Methods Seventy-seven children with moderate to severe AD were enrolled in the study group, and 40 healthy children were selected in the control group. The serum levels of 25（OH）D were statistically compared between AD children with and without IgE-mediated food allergy, and the correlation between serum 25（OH）D level and the severity of AD （Severity Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis （SCORAD））was analyzed. Results Among the 77 children with AD, 19 AD cases （24.7%） were complicated with IgE-mediated food allergy. Compared with AD children without food allergy, the serum 25（OH）D level was significantly decreased in those complicated with food allergy （P < 0.001）. There was no significant difference in serum 25（OH）D level between the control group and the moderate AD group （P > 0.05）, whereas the serum 25（OH）D level in the severe AD group was significantly lower compared with that in the moderate AD group （P < 0.05）. There was no significant correlation between serum 25（OH）D level and SCORAD in AD children （P > 0.05）. Conclusion AD infants complicated with IgE-mediated food allergy or those with severe AD are more likely to have low serum levels of 25（OH）D, whereas there is no significant correlation between the severity of AD and serum 25（OH）D level.

To improve the extraction accuracy, the Savitzky-Golay filter is used to filter the noisy Brillouin spectra. Based on the obtained relatively accurate Brillouin frequency shift, the symmetric part of the Brillouin spectrum is selected according to the raw Brillouin spectrum. Based on the selected spectrum, the Brillouin frequency shift is extracted by the parabolic fitting. Since the proposed method can obtain the Brillouin spectrum with a high degree of symmetry and more calculation time, the improved parabolic fitting method can significantly improve the accuracy of the extracted Brillouin frequency shift in real-time demonstration. This paper considers the original parabolic fitting method, the fitting method based on the pseudo-Voigt model and the improved parabolic fitting method to calculate the Brillouin frequency shift along the optical fiber. The results show that the calculation time of the modified parabola fitting method is longer than that of the original parabola fitting method, but only 1/37~1/28 of that of the fitting method based on the pseudo-Voigt model. The accuracy of the Brillouin frequency shift extracted by the former is similar to that of the latter. The proposed method is effective to realize fast sensing of temperature and strain along the optical fiber.

Objective To explore whether PM2.5 induces the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α in 16HBE via the Wnt-5a/JNK signaling pathway. Methods The research was implemented by rats and 16HBE cells. Rats were divided into control group and motor vehicle exhaust(MVE) group(concentration 1.5 mg/m2,2 h/day); 16HBE cells were divided into control group,PM2.5(20 μg/mL)group,control siRNA+PM2.5 group,Wnt-5a siRNA+PM2.5 group,Wnt-5a siRNA+control group,JNK inhibitor SP600125+PM2.5 group and SP600125+control group. The expressions of p-JNK and p-c-Jun in lung tissues were examined by immune-histochemistry method. The expressions of Wnt-5a,JNK,c-Jun,p-JNK and p-c-Jun were measured by Western blot. The secretions of IL-6 and TNF-α were assessed by ELISA. Results Compared with the control rat group, MVE group exhibited significantly up-regulated the expression of p-JNK and p-c-Jun(P＜0.05); Compared with the 16HBE cell control group,PM2.5 group significantly up-regulated the expressions of Wnt-5a,p-JNK and p-c-Jun and the secretions of IL-6 and TNF-α(P＜0.05);Compared with the PM2.5 group, Wnt-5a siRNA+PM2.5 group blocked these effects(P＜0.05). Furthermore,SP600125+PM2.5 group showed a significantly decreased expression of p-c-Jun and the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α by 16HBE cells(P＜0.05). Conclusions PM2.5 induces the secretions of IL-6 and TNF-α by 16HBE cells via Wnt-5a/JNK signaling pathway.

Based on the earthquake disaster data collected worldwide，this paper sorts out the global seismic activity and disasters in 2020. Plotting the global earthquake disaster curves in recent 20 years and distribution map of hazard earthquakes in 2020，and summarizing the main characteristics of seismic disasters which contain earthquake disaster information and detailed analysis in 2020. Compared with the previous global earthquakes，it is found that the seismicity in 2020 is weak，and the frequency of strong earthquakes with magnitude 6 or above will decrease greatly. In 2020，the earthquake casualties are the lowest in this century，and characterized by low frequency，minor casualties and linear distribution of major disasters. According to the situation of low earthquake frequency and concentrated casualties，this paper puts forward corresponding measures and suggestions for earthquake disaster prevention，which emphasizes that the earthquake monitoring，prediction and prevention work are crucial to the future.

Objective To summarize the dynamic changes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology in drug resistant tuberculous meningitis (TBM), and to explore its value in drug resistance and efficacy evaluation of TBM. Methods Seventy⁃nine patients with TBM who were diagnosed and treated in Jiangxi Chest Hospital from January 2013 to December 2020 were included in this study. H(S)REZ(V) scheme [isoniazid (or streptomycin), rifampicin, ethambutol, plus pyrazinamide (or levofloxacin)] regimen was adopted before the return of drug sensitivity test results. After the return of results, individualized anti⁃tuberculosis regimen was formulated according to drug resistance. Results According to the drug sensitivity test results of CSF, 37 cases were drug resistant TBM, of which 29 cases (78.38%) were multidrug resistant. The drug resistance spectrum was isoniazid + rifampicin + streptomycin [35.14% (13/37)], isoniazid + rifampicin + streptomycin + fluoroquinolone [18.92% (7/37)], isoniazid + rifampicin + ethambutol + streptomycin [16.22% (6/37)], isoniazid and rifampicin [10.81% each, (4/37)], Isoniazid + rifampicin, isoniazid + rifampicin + ethambutol + streptomycin + fluoroquinolone, isoniazid + rifampicin + ethambutol + streptomycin + amikacin/capreomycin [2.70% each, (1/37)]. After 2 and 4 weeks of antituberculosis treatment, the number of nucleated cells in CSF of non drug resistant group (t=5.050, P=0.000; t=11.100, P=0.000) and neutrophil ratio (t=15.268, P=0.000; t=17.048, P=0.000) were lower than drug resistant group. CSF cytology showed that the drug resistant group showed mixed cell inflammatory reaction lasting more than 4 weeks, and the non drug resistant group transformed into significant lymphocyte reaction. After 6 months of follow⁃up, the total effective rate of drug resistant group was lower than that of non drug resistant group [45.71% (16/35) vs. 90% (36/40); χ2=17.218, P=0.000]. Conclusions The cytological characteristics of CSF in patients with TBM are mainly characterized by mixed cell inflammatory reaction in the early stage, the delayed mixed cell inflammatory reaction lasting more than 4 weeks during treatment is the characteristic of drug resistant TBM, which may be the basis for indicating that the treatment plan is invalid. When limited by the time limit and conditions of drug sensitivity test, monitoring the dynamic changes of CSF cytology may become an auxiliary judgment method for drug resistant TBM, which can provide reference for clinical efficacy evaluation and antituberculosis treatment plan adjustment.

Objective To compare the training effect of KSO (Knowledge, Skill, Operation) training system with traditional clinical teaching methods on urological residents' surgical operation skills. Methods Twelve urological residents (average age 31 years old) with less than 10 laparoscopic operation experience were included in this study and were divided into two groups. Besides routine clinical work, the experimental group received KSO basic training for 6 weeks, twice a week, 3 hours each time, while the doctors in the control group received laparoscopic skills training by two operations every week for 6 weeks with traditional teaching methods. At the beginning and the end of the study, the differences of the basic operation ability of the two groups of doctors were compared, including basic clamping, advanced clamping, pile clamping, hooping, suture and knot tying. Results After the training, the operation time of KSO experimental group was significantly shorter than that of the traditional teaching control group in the four training items, including basic clamping, advanced clamping, pile clamping and hooping (P＜0.05). Conclusions Compared with the traditional clinical teaching, KSO training system has significant advantages in improving the basic operation ability of urological residents. It is a practical and effective training system.

In order to select and cultivate germplasm resources of Leymus chinensis suitable for planting in Hinggan League area, four wild Leymus chinensis germplasm resources from different geographical distribution in Hinggan League were tested for phenological characteristics, morphological indexes, quantitative indexes and nutritional indexes, and correlation analysis and comprehensive evaluation were carried out. The results showed that both morphological and quantitative traits had different degrees of variation, ranging from 2.11%~43.10%. Among the nutritional indexes, the coefficient of variation of dry matter is the smallest, which is 0.26%. The coefficient of variation of crude protein is the highest, which is 20.94%. There was a significant positive correlation between plant height and leaf width (P<0.05) and extremely significant positive correlation with dry weight (P<0.01). The ranking of weighted correlation degree was YC01> YC02>YC04>YC03. The study indicates that YC01 germplasm has good production performance and comprehensive performance in Hinggan League. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] This study established an immortalized porcine retinal pigment epithelial cell line to provide a new cell material for virological research. [Method] The E1 gene of porcine adenovirus type 3 was synthesized and cloned into the eukaryotic expression plasmid pCI-neo. The eukaryotic expression plasmid pCI-neo-E1 was constructed and identified by PCR and sequencing. The pCI-neo-E1 plasmid was extracted and transfected into primary porcine retinal pigment epithelial cells. Porcine immortalized retinal pigment epithelial cell lines (RPECs) were selected by neomycin G418. Keratins 18 and 19 were detected in RPECs. Cell growth curve was determined by cell counting, cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry, and chromosome karyotype analysis was performed. RPECs were inoculated with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) CV77 strain, porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) DBN-SX07 strain and porcine pseud-rabies virus (PRV) Bartha-K61 strain, respectively. PEDV CV77 strain was inoculated into green monkey kidney cells (Vero cells), PCV2 DBN-SX07 strain was inoculated into pig kidney cells (PK15 cells), and PRV Bartha-K61 strain was inoculated into hamster kidney fibroblast cells (BHK cells) to observe the cytopathic effects (CPE). Indirect immunofluorescence assay was also used to measure virus titers. [Result] PCR and sequencing results showed that the eukaryotic plasmid pCI-neo-E1 was successfully constructed. t was transfected into primary porcine retinal pigment epithelial cells, and the immortalized cell line was obtained by G418 selection. The cell line expressed keratins 18 and 19. The cell line maintained the epithelioid cell morphology and proliferation activity for 50 passages. CPE was observed in RPECs 24 h after infection with PEDV CV77 strain. The titer of PEDV CV77 strain was 105.25TCID50/mL, which was lower than hat in Vero cells (108.125 TCID50/mL). The PCV2 DBN-SX07 strain infected porcine RPECs and produced CPE. The virus titer was 106.125 TCID50/mL, which was slightly higher than that in PK15 cells (106.0TCID50/mL). CPE was observed in RPECs infected with PRV Bartha-K61 strain. The titer of PRV Bartha-K61 strain was 108.75 TCID50/mL, which was slightly lower than that of PRV Bartha-K61 strain in BHK (108.875 TCID50/mL). [Conclusion] The immortalized porcine retinal cell line was successfully constructed, which can be used for the culture of porcine viruses. PCV2 could produce CPE and it is easy to observe, providing a new cell material for subsequent improvement of vaccine technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ion-imprinting technology endows with the selective separation for target ions, which has the advantages of high predeterminability, recognition, stability and practicality. The ion-imprinted materials obtained by the ion imprinting technology have the characteristics of simple process, easy operation, good stability and high selectivity. In order to meet the needs of lithium resources, ion-imprinted materials have been used for the development and utilization of lithium resources in water samples with complex compositions. In this article, the characteristics of ion-imprinted materials and their preparation principles were briefly introduced, and the main components of Li+-imprinted material preparation systems were summarized. Furthermore, the research progress of Li+-imprinted materials was reviewed with emphasis on the current research status of advanced Li+-imprinted materials. At present, advanced Li+-imprinted materials are mainly prepared by surface ion imprinting polymerization combining with new technologies, such as adsorption columns, magnetic separation, and membrane separation, to enhance selective recognition for lithium and simplify separation and recovery operations. Finally, the problems in the preparation and application of Li+-imprinted materials are proposed, and their future development and application prospects were prospected.

In order to solve the problem that the actual current cannot closely follow the given current or the predicted output voltage fluctuates too much due to the unreasonable selection of the weight coefficient when the model predictive control seeks the optimal control variable, a model predictive control method based on fuzzy control dynamically selecting weight coefficients was proposed. Fuzzy control was applied to the selection of the weight coefficient, and the optimal weight coefficients can be sent to the currently running model predictive control system online. Three groups of experiments were conducted for the simulation, comparison and analysis of different weight coefficients, and the reasonable interval of the weight coefficient was obtained. The simulation results show that the weight coefficient based on fuzzy control has good performance. When the load change is severe, the robustness of the motor is well, and the current can closely follow the given current; When the load change is gentle, the output voltage fluctuation will be reduced under the condition that the current can follow the given current. The improved control system improves the anti-disturbance ability, and the weight coefficient can be changed automatically according to the actual demand, which provides some reference for the control design of permanent magnet linear synchrous motor.

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.03.018

In order to satisfy the actual construction needs of China-Russia Eastern Gas Pipeline Project, it is necessary to research the design parameters of the cold bending pipe of X80 pipeline with 1 422 mm diameter. In this paper, the maximum bending angle of cold bending pipe was calculated using the formula provided in Pipeline-Natural Gas and Oil Pipeline, Part 1: Design and Construction (AS 2885.1-2012), and it is 6.48°. Then, finite element simulation analysis was conducted on the stress and strain in the bending process of cold bending pipe. It is found that when the bending angle is in the range of 6-8°, the pipe is in the elastic-plastic zone, which satisfies the deformation requirements. Finally, verification was carried out in the laboratory and in the test section of the China-Russia Eastern Gas Pipeline. It is shown that the bended 6.4° cold bend pipe has uniform and stable springback and deformation and its ellipticity, wall thickness and inner arc waviness are well controlled, so it satisfies the engineering requirements. Based on the related calculation, analysis and verification, it is eventually determined that the maximum bending angle of X80 cold bending pipe with 1 422 mm diameter in China-Russia Eastern Gas Pipeline is 6° and its curvature radius is not less than 50 times of the steel pipeline OD (71 100 mm). The research results provide the guidance for the construction of China-Russia Eastern Gas Pipeline Project.

Based on the earthquake disaster data collected from different sources, this paper sorts out the global seismic activities and disasters in 2019. Plotting the distribution map of the hazard earthquakes, describing the earthquake information and disaster situation of earthquakes with casualties. Accordingly, making a detailed description and performs analysis for the major earthquake disaster events, and summarizing the main characteristics of earthquake disasters. Compared with the previous earthquakes, it is found that the seismicity is weak in 2019, and the occurrence rate of strong earthquake is greatly reduced. In 2019, the earthquake disasters are characterized by a small number of casualties, but high frequency and wide range. According to this situation, this paper puts forward corresponding measures and suggestions for earthquake disaster prevention, which emphasizes that the future earthquake prediction and prevention work are still important and urgent.

Two kinds of rapid and slow cooling solder joints of Sn-35Bi-1Ag/Ni-P/Cu were prepared by reflow soldering and then cooling in water and oven, respectively. The kinetics of two kinds of layers were investigated using isothermal aging. Scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrum were employed to characterize the microstructure and composition of the interfacial layers. Experimental results show that the structure of rapid-cooling interface is composed of (Ni,Cu)3Sn4+Ni3P, while the slow-cooling interface consisting of (Ni,Cu)3Sn4+Ni3P+(Cu,Ni)6Sn5.During the isothermal aging process, the growth of (Ni,Cu)3Sn4 layer slows down for the thin Ni-P gradually depleting, but the (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 layer follows the dynamics of the square root of aging time. The growth of interface IMCs is overall controlled by the diffusion mechanism, and these two kinds of interfacial layers eventually exhibit the composite lamellar structure of (Cu,Ni)6Sn5+(Ni,Cu)3Sn4+(Cu,Ni)6Sn5.The IMCs layer thickness in slow-cooling solder joints is greater than that in rapid-cooling solder joints under the same condition during soldering and aging. The growth rates of total IMCs are 4.670×10-18m2/s for slow-cooling joints, 3.816×10-18m2/s for rapid-cooling joints, respectively. It indicates that the cooling rate affects the aging behavior of solder joints during soldering and service.

In order to solve problems of cumbersome registration procedure and low efficient of material unloading during load vehicle of coal mine material entering or leaving warehouse, an automatic arrival registration system of coal mine was designed. The system system uses license plate recognition as the main gauge of vehicle release, and takes bar code scanning of invoice number and load measurement of loader as assistant means. The system software platform, which is based on B/S architecture, has functions of license plate recognition, bar code recognition, vehicle load monitoring, safety monitoring, system management, decision making control, report query and so on, and also communicates with coal mine enterprise resource planning system through software interfaces. According to concrete workflow of coal mine storage, the system can automatically record license plate, invoice number and time of entering or leaving warehouse of the load vehicle, which saves manual registration time and improves efficiency of load vehicle release.

In order to solve problems of cumbersome in material receiving and low efficiency of traditional 'library staff - user' mode by use of document during process of coal mine material distribution, an intelligent mine-used material distribution system based on 'reserve warehouse - intelligent cabinet - users' mode was designed. The system uses intelligent terminal cabinet as delivery station of material distribution, and realizes remote communication and control of the intelligent terminal cabinet by use of the system management platform based on Web technology. Meanwhile, the system has data interface to connect coal mine enterprises resource planning system. The application result shows the system can improve efficiency and accuracy of coal mine material distribution and reduce personnel cost.

Due to climate change and human activities, the runoff characteristics of the upper Yangtze River have changed significantly in recent years, bringing many challenges to the development and utilization of water resources in the upper Yangtze River Basin and the functions of national strategic freshwater resource reservoirs such as the Three Gorges and the upstream reservoir group. Attribution analysis of runoff changes is of great importance to the development and utilization of water resources in the basin. Based on the observed runoff data from 1951 to 2013, statistical methods such as Mann-Kendall test, Spearman test and Pettitt test are used to diagnose the variation patterns of the Three Gorges inflow runoff. Based on the meteorological and land use data of the same period, the causes of the variation of the Three Gorges inflow runoff are further quantitatively analyzed by using the climate elasticity method, the water-energy balance equation and the SWAT. The results show that: 1 the inflow runoff of the Three Gorges was significantly changed around 1993, before 1993 the runoff was relatively natural and less affected by climate change and human activities, and after 1993 the runoff changed and was more affected. 2 During the study period, the inflow runoff from the Three Gorges decreased significantly, at a rate of 8.8 mm/10 a. Large-scale human activities in the upper Yangtze River were the main cause of the decrease in inflow runoff into the Three Gorges, while the decrease in precipitation and the increase in temperature were important causes. 3 The attribution results of the climate elasticity approach are consistent with the SWAT-based method, while the water-energy balance approach underestimates the impact of human activities on runoff. 4 SWAT takes into account the spatial and temporal changes in land use, can better describe the causes of runoff changes than the traditional "two-stage" method. These results are important to guiding the comprehensive utilization of water resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir and the rational development of water resources in the upper Yangtze River. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dams are important structures that provide various benefits, such as hydroelectric power generation, irrigation, and flood control. However, dam failures can lead to catastrophic consequences, causing significant economic and human losses. Therefore, predicting the potential impact of a dam break is crucial for ensuring the safety of people and property downstream. The width of the breach is a critical factor in estimating the flooded area downstream of an earth-rock dam during a dam break. Traditional empirical formulas developed by the Scientific Research Institute of the Ministry of Railways and the Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission are used to estimate the width of the breach, taking into account the storage capacity, length, and height of the dam. However, these formulas have been found to have significant errors when compared to actual breach widths observed in dam break cases at home and abroad. To improve the accuracy of these formulas, this paper uses an allometric model to fit the data from seven dam break cases, resulting in an optimization formula for calculating the width of the breach. The new formula takes into account the length, height, and storage capacity of the dam, as well as the degree of compaction of the soil in the dam body. The optimized formula has been found to have a maximum error of only 4.5% when compared to actual breach widths, indicating that it is more accurate than the traditional empirical formulas. The optimization formula proposed in this study provides a more accurate method for estimating the width of the breach in earth-rock dam breaks, and can be used to improve the accuracy of calculations for maximum flow rate. The results of this study can also have significant implications for dam safety engineering, as well as for the development of effective emergency response plans in the event of a dam break. In addition, the DBFL-IWHR model is used to simulate the downstream flood evolution and compared with the traditional empirical formula. The DBFL-IWHR model is a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model that takes into account the complex interactions between the water flow and the topography of the river channel. The results show that the maximum flow rate calculated by the traditional formula is lower than that of the DBFL-IWHR model, and that the arrival time of the maximum flow rate in the downstream section is delayed compared to that of the DBFL-IWHR model. This highlights the importance of using accurate models in predicting the potential impact of dam breaks on downstream areas. In conclusion, the optimization formula proposed in this study provides a more accurate method for estimating the width of the breach in earth-rock dam breaks, and can be used to improve the accuracy of calculations for maximum flow rate. Furthermore, the use of accurate hydrodynamic models, such as the DBFL-IWHR model, is recommended for simulating the downstream flood evolution and predicting the potential impact of dam breaks. These findings may have significant implications for dam safety engineering, emergency response planning, and the protection of people and property downstream of earth-rock dams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solution mining of rock salt is one of the important methods to obtain salt, which is a necessity of human life and an important raw material of industry. In solution mining, water-soluble heavy metals within rock salt will migrate to the surface environment with mother solution and remain in subsequent salt products, which may contaminate the surface environment and endanger human health. Thus, it is of great importance to analyze water-soluble heavy metals in rock salt. However, water-soluble heavy metals, such as Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, have much lower abundances than salt. The high content of salt will affect the atomization efficiency of Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES), making it difficult to directly quantify these metals. In this study, sulfhydryl cotton was employed as the absorbent to separate and enrich Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd in rock salt. Experimental conditions such as pH, concentration and volume of eluent were optimized. The results indicated that good adsorption efficiency was achieved at pH 7, and adsorbed metals could be quantitatively eluted with 7 mL 15%HCl. Meanwhile, Na had no influences on the adsorption or desorption processes. The recoveries of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in desorbed solution are above 92.2%, and only 0.04% for Na, realizing the separation of heavy metals from Na and meeting the requirements for the detection of heavy metals by ICP-OES.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of berberine chloride on secondary damage (inflammation, oxidative damage and neuron loss) in bilateral thalami of traumatic brain injury (TBI) model mice. Methods Mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (N = 6), TBI group (N = 6) and berberine group (N = 6). TBI model was established by a free-falling hitting device. In control group, mice were not given free-falling hitting. Mice in berberine group were given a gavage of berberine chloride [50 mg/（kg·d)] for 21 d, while mice in TBI group were given the same dosage of normal saline for 21 d. Immunohistochemistry was used to count the number of neurons or gliocytes positive for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and neuronal nuclei (NeuN), the number of astrocytes positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and the number of microglias positive for ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1). Results The number of neurons or gliocytes positive for iNOS (P = 0.015), COX-2 (P = 0.022), 8-OHdG (P = 0.000) and NeuN (P = 0.000), the number of astrocytes positive for GFAP (P = 0.024) and microglias positive for Iba1 (P = 0.000) in TBI ipsilateral thalamus were significantly different among 3 groups. In TBI group, the number of neurons or gliocytes positive for iNOS (P = 0.005), COX-2 (P = 0.011) and 8-OHdG (P = 0.000), the number of astrocytes positive for GFAP (P = 0.011) and microglias positive for Iba1 (P = 0.000) were significantly higher than those in control group, while the number of neurons positive for NeuN (P = 0.000) was significantly lower than that in control group. In berberine group, the number of neurons or gliocytes positive for iNOS (P = 0.031), COX-2 (P = 0.024) and 8-OHdG (P = 0.008), the number of astrocytes positive for GFAP (P = 0.031) and microglias positive for Iba1 (P = 0.012) were significantly lower than those in TBI group, while the number of neurons positive for 8-OHdG (P = 0.014) and microglias positive for Iba1 (P = 0.024) were significantly higher than those in control group. The number of neurons positive for NeuN in berberine group was significantly higher than that in TBI group (P = 0.016), while lower than that in control group (P = 0.027). Additionally, number of neurons or gliocytes positive for COX-2 (P = 0.029) and 8-OHdG (P = 0.000) in TBI contralateral thalamus were significantly different among 3 groups. The number of neurons or gliocytes positive for COX-2 (P = 0.011) and 8-OHdG (P = 0.000) in TBI group was significantly higher than that in control group, while the number of neurons or gliocytes positive for COX-2 (P = 0.047) and 8-OHdG (P = 0.010) in berberine group was significantly lower than that in TBI group. The number of neurons positive for 8-OHdG in berberine group was significantly higher than that in control group (P = 0.004). Conclusions TBI could cause secondary damage of bilateral thalami, especially in ipsilateral thalamus, but only cause inflammation and oxidative damage in contralateral thalamus. Berberine chloride might exert neuroprotective effect on bilateral thalami after TBI by significantly suppressing inflammation and oxidative damage. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.04.009

[Purpose/significance] Based on bibliometrics, this paper uses a CI method to conduct a research, which reviews previous research in the field of CI in China from 2006 to 2016 and tries to grasp R&D trends and the feature of CI. [Method/process] The samples data of this paper were collected from CNKI. This paper analyzed the main research institutions, core authors and their cooperation net and hot domain on CI. [Result/conclusion] It is concluded that the main research institutions control the resources of core authors and projects, leading the development of the hot domain. Key institutions should play a leading role in the development of CI, and should help to strengthen the cooperation between the academic community. Under the background of big data, interpersonal intelligence network, social network privacy detection and privacy protection, knowledge management and knowledge innovation has some research prospects.

For poor real-time communication, stability and anti electromagnetic interference performance of existing coal mine safety monitoring and control system, a digital coal mine safety monitoring and control system was proposed, and hardware scheme, software scheme and key technologies of the system were introduced. The system adopts dual redundancy structure of CAN bus and industrial Ethernet ring network, and takes LPC2294 ARM processor and μC/OS-Ⅱembedded operation system as cores. The test results show that communication success rate of CAN bus is 99.97% as well as utilization ratio is 40%-60% of the system with 10 km CAN bus, 32 digital substations and 200 sensors and actuators. The system can run 40 days continuously with stable data communication and without interrupted and abnormal data, and technique indexes of the system meet requirements of AQ 6201-2006 General technical requirements of coal mine safety monitoring and control system.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of lumbar and ventricular drainage in the treatment of intracranial hypertension on acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with cryptococcal meningitis (CM). Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 138 cases of CM with intracranial hypertension, including 36 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive cases and 102 HIV-negative cases. All patients were given anti-infectious drugs. In drainage group, patients (N = 76, including 17 HIV-positive cases and 59 HIV-negative cases) were treated with lumbar, modified lumbar or ventricular drainage. In non-drainage group, patients (N = 62, including 19 HIV-positive cases and 43 HIV-negative cases) were treated with anti-fungal drugs by intrathecal injection through lumbar puncture. Comparative observation was done on indwelling catheter time, cryptococcal clearance time and complications between drainage and non-drainage groups, as well as HIV-positive and HIV-negative subgroups. Results The intracranial hypertension symptoms were improved significantly within one week in drainage group. The first indwelling catheter median time in drainage group was 30 (17, 35) d, and there was no statistically significant difference between HIV-positive and HIV-negative subgroups [28 (15, 32) d vs 30 (18, 35) d; U = -1.459, P = 0.144]. The cryptococcal clearance median time in drainage group was 41 (26, 58) d, and there was no statistically significant difference between HIV-positive and HIV-negative subgroups [46 (28, 66) d vs 36 (21, 45) d; U = -1.608, P = 0.108]. The cryptococcal clearance median time in non-drainage group was 42 (32, 65) d, and there was no statistically significant difference between HIV-positive and HIV-negative subgroups [52 (38, 68) d vs 39 (30, 62) d; U = -0.401, P = 0.688]. However, there was significant difference between drainage and non-drainage groups (U = -2.117, P = 0.034). The total effective rate of drainage group was 86.84% (66/76), and there was no statistically significant difference between HIV-positive and HIV-negative subgroups [14/17 vs 89.83% (53/59); χ2 = 0.172, P = 0.678]. The total effective rate of non-drainage group was 72.58% (45/62), and there was no statistically significant difference between HIV-positive and HIV-negative subgroups [8/19 vs 86.05% (37/43); χ2 = 0.023, P = 0.880]. There was significant difference between drainage and non-drainage groups (χ2 = 4.413, P = 0.036). Conclusions Using lumbar or ventricular drainage to treat AIDS patients with CM in the early stage can effectively control intracranial hypertension, shorten the duration of symptoms, and significantly improve the clinical efficacy. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2016.08.006

Trust plays an important role in pervasive social networking (PSN) for reciprocal activities among strang-ers.It helps people overcome perceptions of uncertainty and risk and engages in trust-related social behaviors.The current literature on trust management in PSN was reviewed.The advantages and disadvantages of existing solutions were analyzed.Furthermore,key research issues were presented.A research model was also proposed to achieve trustworthy pervasive social networking comprehensively.

Background DMD gene point mutation, mainly nonsense mutation, always cause the most severe Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). However, we also observed some cases of Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) carrying DMD point mutation. This paper aims to explore the mechanism of DMD point mutation causing BMD, in order to enhance the understanding of mutation types of BMD. Methods Sequence analysis was performed in 11 cases of BMD confirmed by typical clinical manifestations and muscle biopsy. The exon of DMD gene was detected non-deletion or duplication by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Results Eleven patients carried 10 mutation types without mutational hotspot. Six patients carried nonsense mutations [c.5002G>T, p.(Glu1668X); c.1615C > T, p.(Arg539X); c.7105G > T, p.(Glu2369X); c.5287C > T, p.(Arg1763X); c.9284T > G, p.(Leu3095X)]. One patient carried missense mutation [c.5234G > A, p.(Arg1745His)]. Two patients carried frameshift mutations (c.10231dupT, c.10491delC). Two patients carried splicing site mutations (c.4518 + 3A > T, c.649 + 2T > C). Conclusions DMD gene point mutation may result in BMD with mild clinical symptoms. When clinical manifestations suggest the possibility of BMD and MLPA reveals non?deletion or duplication mutation of DMD gene, BMD should be considered. Study on the mechanism of DMD point mutation causing BMD is very important for gene therapy of DMD. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2015.06.005

Mycobacteria and their metabolites which participate in the reprogramming of neurogliocytes and neuroprotection were summarized in this article, and the probable signaling pathways were also analyzed. The bacteria from digestive tract including periodontal and intestines involving in central nervous system diseases, such was Alzhermer's disease (AD), multiple sclerosis (MS), autism and so on, was introduced as well. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2015.02.016

In order to explore the alleviating mechanism of phosphorus fertilizer postpone on the growth of wheat flag leaves under late spring coldness at connectivum stage, the low temperature simulation experiment of pot was carried out by using the artificial climate chamber with the wheat variety "Yannong 19" (YN19, strong resistance to reversed late spring coldness) and the wheat variety "Xinmai 26" (XM26 weak resistance to reversed late spring coldness) as experimental materials. In the experiment, two temperature treatments were set at connectivum stage of wheat: control(average daily temperature 15c, minimum night temperature 11c, CK) and low temperature(c4c, LT), and two phosphorus fertilizer application modes: conventional phosphorus fertilizer application which all of phosphorus fertilizer was applied as base fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer postpone which half of phosphorus fertilizer was applied as jointing fertilizer. The low temperature treatment lasted for 4h·dc1. Photosynthetic and antioxidant physiological indices of flag leaves at flowering and grain filling stage and yield were analyzed. The results showed as follows: (1) compared with CK, the relative chlorophyll content (SPAD value), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) of flag leaves in LT treatment significantly decreased(P<0.05), while the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) significantly increased. (2) Compared with CK, LT treatment significantly decreased the activities of SOD and CAT, and significantly increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA). (3) Under the experimental conditions, LT treatment significantly reduced the number of grains per spike, 1000 grains weight and single stem yield of the two varieties compared with CK treatment. (4) Compared with LTR1, the SPAD value of XM26 flag leaves at flowering stage and YN19 flag leaves at grain filling stage under LTR2 treatment were significantly increased by 7.3% and 10.1%, respectively. Pn of XM26 and YN19 flag leaves was significantly increased by 8.5% and 19.0% at flowering stage, 8.0% and 8.7% at grain filling stage, and there was no significant difference in Gs, Tr and Ci. (5) Compared with LTR1, SOD activity, CAT activity and MDA content of XM26 flag leaves at flowering and grain filling stages of LTR2 in were significantly increased by 9.0% and 5.7%, 12.4% and 30.9%, and 7.9% and 7.3%, respectively; SOD activity, CAT activity and MDA content of YN19 flag leaves at flowering and grain filling stages of LTR2 were significantly increased by 7.7% and 8.2%, 20.8% and 25.5%, and 6.8% and 7.0%, respectively. (6) Compared with R1, R2 significantly increased the grain number per spike of XM26 by 8.4% after LT treatment, but had no significant effect on the 1000 grains weight of the two cultivars. The yield recovery rates of XM26 and YN19 per stem could reach 8.9% and 9.9%. In conclusion, delayed phosphorus transfer can effectively enhance the antioxidant capacity of wheat flag leaf cells, reduce the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation, and improve the photosynthetic capacity of wheat flag leaf cells. Through the synergistic alleviation of antioxidant and photosynthetic capacity, the growth of flag leaves in the middle and late stage of wheat growth under reversed late spring coldness at connectivum stage, the number of grains per spike and 1000 grains weight of main stem were increased, the "source" was maintained and the "reservoir" was increased, and the effects of disaster free, stable and increased yield, disaster reduction and loss stopping were achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microsyringes are being increasingly used to transfer trace liquid, but the concern of cross contamination caused by residues of organic contaminant in microsyringes is routinely overlooked. The residues and cleaning effects of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in microsyringes were systematically researched and the findings are presented in this paper. Results show that the cleaning effects are different for three brands of microsyringe. Microsyringes should be chosen according to the suitability to the intended experiment. The volume of cleaning solvent was proportional to the dilution ratio of organic contaminant, which was due to the approximate amount of contaminant in the first cleaning fluid by 4 volumes (0.1 mL, 0.2 mL, 0.5 mL and 1 mL). Moreover, the volume of cleaning solvent had a negative correlation with the amount of washout compounds. The best effect and lowest cost came from using 0.1 mL cleaning solvent. There is no difference in cleaning effects of OCPs and PCBs standard solution at the same concentration probably due to the similar physical and chemical properties of the two. Three cleaning observations were made: the residue amount of OCPs or PCBs in a 1 mL microsyringe was about 1% of the loaded amount, the amount in the first cleaning solvent was over 90% of the residues, and with the increase in cleaning times, the cleaning effect was less effective, and dilution ratio smaller. According to the above, corresponding cleaning methods can be used, according to varying concentrations of different pollutants, as far as possible to reduce organic contaminant in microsyringes and therefore reduce the cost.

Objective The clinical manifestation and electron transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase (ETFDH) gene mutation of riboflavin-responsive lipid storage myopathy were analyzed for early diagnosis and treatment.mutation of riboflavin-responsive lipid storage myopathy were analyzed for early diagnosis and treatment. Methods Clinical material, ETFDH gene mutation and the motor function before and after vitamin B2 treatment in 3 patients from 2 predigrees were collected from August 2012 to March 2013 in our hospital. Results Case 1 was 16-year-old female. The chief complaint was difficulty of breathing and expectorating for over 3 years. Clinical symptoms included progressive respiratory muscle and proximal limb muscle weakness and worsen by fever, cardiac involvement, myopathic electromyography (EMG) changes and deposition of lipid droplets in muscle fiber by oil red O staining. Case 2 and Case 3 were brothers, the chief complaint of whom was fatigue after exercise for more than 1 year and 1 month, respectively. Clinical symptoms included significantly weakness of lower limbs and neck muscles after exercise and myopathic EMG changes. All 3 patients from two predigrees presented ETFDH gene mutation [c.250G > A (Ala84Thr) homozygous mutations and c.250G > A (Ala84Thr) and c.524G > A (Arg175His) compound heterozygous mutations, respectively]. They all had a dramatic response to vitamin B2 treatment with muscle strength and motor function recovering to normal. The symptoms of Case 1 were completely disappeared with vitamin B2 treatment for over 10 months, including respiratory muscle and proximal limb muscle weakness, and the motor function of her limbs returned to normal, characterized by completing over 10 squat-stand in 1 min. Case 2 could walk and run as ordinary people, raise his head without difficulty and play basketball about 2 h without fatigue after vitamin B2 treatment for over 2 months. Case 3 could participate in any kind of strenuous exercise without fatigue after vitamin B2 treatment for over 2 months. Conclusions Riboflavin-responsive lipid storage myopathy is mainly characterized by proximal limb and trunk muscle weakness and intolerance of movement, however, rare cases with first symptom of respiratory muscle weakness should also be concerned. In addition, it is a treatable genetic disease. The patients could be cured or significantly improved with vitamin B2 monotherapy. So vitamin B2 exploratory treatment should be given when the patients are suspected of riboflavin-responsive lipid storage myopathy. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.06.004

Acid digestion (aqua regia, tetracid), as a conventional method, is usually used for dissolving Ag-Pb deposit to detect Pb. However, samples containing 40%-80% of barite are difficult to dissolve completely, possibly causing low results for Pb. Additionally, determination results can also be affected due to the formation of double salt precipitation from BaSO4 reacting with Pb. In this paper, a novel method for dissolving Ag-Pb ores by Na2O2 and determination of Pb by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) combining with high salt nebulizer was proposed. Experimental conditions such as sample volume and multiple dilutions were optimized. The detection limit was 0.013%, RSD was 1.1%-1.6% and recovery was 97.9%-102.9%. The samples were decomposed completely by alkali fusion with Na2O2. The addition of BaCl2 can eliminate the influence of sulfate on Pb for barite-bearing sample. However, there is no effect for non-barium-barite samples. This method solves the problems of both difficult and complete decomposing for Ag-Pb ores with high content barite and the influence of BaSO4 in the quantification of Pb.