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Endovascular thrombectomy is a first ⁃ line treatment option for acute large vessel occlusive ischemic stroke after strict selection, which is an effective method to improve the good prognosis rate of patients. More and more evidence⁃based medicine proves that balloon guide catheter (BGC) can shorten the reperfusion time, increase the rate of initial reperfusion, and reduce the risk of distal embolism due to it's proximal blood flow occlusion, but the application of BGC in emergency endovascular thrombectomy is still limited. This review summarizes the clinical application progress of BGC to provide theoretical basis for it's application in emergency endovascular thrombectomy.

Objective To evaluate the long⁃term prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion presenting beyond the conventional time window (> 24 h) who received endovascular treatment (EVT) combined with best medical treatment (BMT), compared to those treated with BMT alone. Methods This study included 158 patients from a prospective cohort of acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion were conducted at Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from November 2021 to July 2023. The 158 patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion were divided into received EVT combined with BMT (EVT group, n = 70) and received BMT alone (BMT group, n = 88). Long ⁃ term neurological prognosis was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 12 months after onset. Univariate and multivariate stepwise Logistic regression analyses were useded to investigated the risk factors of long⁃term neurological prognosis. Sensitivity analyses were performed using propensity score matching (PSM) and multiple imputation (MI). Results Logistic regression analysis showed that EVT was a protective factor for good long ⁃term neurological prognosis (mRS score ≤ 2; OR = 3.110, 95%CI: 1.460- 6.620, P = 0.003), increasing age (OR = 0.955, 95%CI: 0.924-0.987; P = 0.007) and hypertension (OR = 0.418, 95%CI: 0.187-0.936; P = 0.034) were risk factors. In the sensitivity analyses of the primary outcome, both the PSM and MI datasets showed that the proportion of patients with a good long ⁃ term neurological prognosis was significantly higher in the EVT group compared to the BMT group (PSM: aOR = 3.610, 95%CI: 1.370-9.550, P = 0.010; MI: aOR = 3.870, 95%CI: 1.780-8.440, P = 0.000). The results were consistent with the main analysis. Conclusions Compared to BMT group, EVT group patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion presenting beyond the conventional time window was demonstrated a significantly better long⁃term neurological prognosis.

ObjectiveTo compare the application value of three image post-processing techniques volume rendering （VR）, multiplanar reformation （MPR） and curved planar reformation （CPR） in the identification of rib fracture malunion.MethodsThe types and numbers of rib fracture malunion in 75 patients were recorded, and the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and Youden index of VR, MPR and CPR in the diagnosis of rib fracture malunion were compared. Receiver operator characteristic （ROC） curve was drawn and area under the curve （AUC） was calculated, and the detection rates of three image post-processing techniques for different types of rib fracture malunion were compared.ResultsA total of 243 rib fractures were malunion in 75 patients. The diagnostic sensitivity of VR, MPR and CPR for rib fracture malunion was 52.67%, 79.84% and 91.36%, the specificity was 99.58%, 97.89% and 99.15%, the accuracy was 83.66%, 91.76% and 96.51%, the Youden index was 0.52, 0.78 and 0.91, the AUC was 0.761, 0.889 and 0.953, respectively. Compared with VR, there were statistically significant differences in the number of broken rib end misalignment over 1/3, broken rib end overlap, broken rib end angulation and intercostal bridge detected in MPR （P

Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall, serves as the pathophysiological basis for ischemic stroke and coronary heart disease, and stands as the primary cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular comorbidity. Both the heart and brain share similar risk factors, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes, and so on. Furthermore, most patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular comorbidity experience more severe disease and poorer prognosis. This article comprehensively reviews research progress in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular comorbidity, their related risk factors, and proposes the strategies of "synchronous treatment for brain and heart" to offer new insights for the prevention and management of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular comorbidity.

Objective: This study aimed to purify crude polyphenols from wormwood and to study inhibitory activity of its against α-glucosidase. Methods: The adsorption-desorption properties of wormwood polyphenols by seven kinds of macroporous resins were studied. The suitable resin for separating and purifying Wormwood polyphenols was obtained and the purification parameters were optimized. Using different concentration ethanol solution for dynamic elution, the inhibitory activity of different elution fractions on α-glucosidase was investigated. Results: The results indicated that D101 resin was a suitable material for purifying wormwood polyphenols and the macroporous resin reached equilibrium within 120 min. The optimal conditions for purifying wormwood polyphenols were as follows, crude polyphenol 1.5 mg/mL, pH 2.0, flow velocity of 1.5 mL/min, and 60% ethanol was used as the eluent with the elution flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. The purity of polyphenols increased from 21.42% to 69.19% after purification by D101 resin, which was enhanced 3.23 times. Different elution components were obtained by using different concentration ethanol as eluents, respectively. The 60% ethanol elution fraction that contained isoquercitrin, phloridzin and rutin had the best inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity. Conclusion: wormwood polyphenols have good development prospects for hypoglycemic effect.

The excavation of deep caverns can result in significant nonlinear large deformations caused by dynamic impact effects, such as high-stress rock bursts, impact ground pressure, or external explosions. To address this issue, a research team led by Academician He Manchao has developed a new 2G-NPR (Second Generation Negative Poisson’s Ratio) bolt material with the characteristics of uniform large deformation, obvious disappearance of necking, and disappearance of yield platform. On this basis, a large deformation control technique for the rigid-flexible structural systems of rock supported by the 2G-NPR bolt has been developed. To provide a basis for the application of 2G-NPR bolt support in national defense and civil air defense engineering, this study investigated the overall dynamic response law and mechanical behavior of the 2G-NPR bolt support engineering rock mass under the strong impact of explosions. The attenuation model of explosion shock wave in granite was studied in the explosion test site and the charging parameters required for explosion were determined. The support parameters of the PR bolt support composite structure and the 2G-NPR bolt support composite structure cavern were obtained. The dynamic response and interaction law of the peak pressure of the arch crown, the acceleration of the arch crown, the axial force of the anchor rod and the surrounding rock in the two different supporting systems were studied and compared. Impact and explosion resistance characteristics and failure modes of the different supporting caverns were revealed. The results indicate that the 2G-NPR bolt can resist stronger plane impact load with a higher energy absorption share and more significant energy absorption characteristics in underground explosion-proof support, and can play a supporting and protection effect that traditional bolt support cannot match. Moreover, the cavern excavation stress compensation theory for the change of surrounding rock stress state caused by underground cavern excavation was proposed and the theoretical solutions of stress components and displacement components at the anchorage end of bolt were studied, which provides a theoretical reference for subsequent cavern support research.

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of free CD147 and its induced product matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in peripheral blood, and to explore the relationship between its expression changes and short-term prognosis. Methods Thirty-nine patients with TBI admitted to the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from May 2014 to December 2016 were included in the study. The expression changes of free CD147 and MMP-9 in peripheral blood were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the activity of MMP-9 was determined through gelatin zymography. The prognosis was evaluated via Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge. Results There was no significant difference in GOS score between male and female patients at discharge (2.63±1.28 vs. 2.57±1.14; t = 0.161, P = 0.873). There was a statistically significant difference in GOS score between different age groups at discharge (t = 2.191, P = 0.038). The GOS scores of patients over 60 years old were lower than those of patients under 40 years old (t = 2.645, P = 0.014) and those between 40 and 60 years old (t = 2.320, P = 0.029). According to the GOS score, they were divided into a good prognosis group (GOS score ≥3, n = 25) and a poor prognosis group (GOS score < 3, n = 14). Free CD147 in peripheral blood of patients with poor prognosis [(5.07±1.89) ng/ml vs. (10.37±1.69）ng/ml; t = 2.080, P = 0.048] and MMP-9 [(41.55±4.67) ng/ml vs. (75.23±5.18) ng/ml; t = 2.512, P = 0.019] were higher than the good prognosis group. Correlation analysis showed that the GOS score at discharge was negatively correlated with free CD147 (r =﹣0.473, P = 0.000) and MMP-9 (r =﹣0.435, P = 0.036) in peripheral blood. Conclusions The higher the level of free CD147 and its induced product MMP-9 in peripheral blood of patients with TBI, the worse the prognosis, which indicated that free CD147 and MMP-9 can be used as important indicators for poor prognosis of patients with TBI.

Detecting the vertical motions of the atmosphere in convective clouds is difficult. The cost of aircraft detection is expensive, limited by maximum flight altitude, high detection risk, low frequency, etc. In recent years, remote sensing instruments are applied with the development of detection technology. Ground-based vertical pointing radar has become a reliable way to obtain atmospheric vertical motions, through which the cloud structure and dynamic characteristics of convective precipitation clouds can be obtained, and the distribution and evolution characteristics of the intensity and proportion of atmospheric vertical movement during the mature stage of convection can be monitored in detail. Based on the vertical structure detection data of precipitation clouds from ground to 15 km height by a vertical pointing radar with 5520 MHz C-band Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave (VPR-CFMCW) technology, the vertical motions in the convective precipitation cloud are retrieved, and the vertical structure of convection and evolution characteristics of vertical motions at different heights are analyzed. The VPR-CFMCW is used to carry out the atmospheric vertical motion retrieval experiments on 4 convective precipitation events at the Longmen Station in Guangdong Province during pre-monsoon from 20 April to 22 April in 2019. It is found that the updrafts of the atmosphere before convective precipitation have a positive contribution to the intensity of reflectivity and surface precipitation afterwards. The deep convection is inclined, which causes the vertical section to show a layered structure at certain moments. Convective precipitation is dominated by downdrafts of the entire level, updrafts and downdrafts of the upper-level atmosphere appear alternately, when downdrafts account for the highest proportion in the lower-level, and the updrafts account for an increased proportion above 6 km height. The intensity of atmospheric vertical motions is strong in the upper-level, as strong updrafts and downdrafts exceeding 10 m·s-1 mostly appear above 6 km height. The vertical motions vary greatly at 4-6 km height. The average downdraft speed is less than 5 m·s-1 and the average updraft speed is around 2 m·s-1 under 4 km height. The development of ground-based vertical pointing radar can improve the understanding of vertical structure evolution and dynamic characteristics of convective precipitation clouds.

Squall line often leads to heavy rain, gale and hail, which is a difficult key problem in nowcasting. In order to explore the feasibility of deep learning for squall line identification, the training, validation and test set sample sets are established based on the radar data of Zhengzhou and Zhumadian in Henan Province during 2008-2020. The convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm is used to construct a squall line identification model. The critical success index (CSI), equitable threat score (ETS), hit rate (POD) and false positive rate (FAR) are used to quantitatively evaluate the identification effect of the model. The influence of different sample composition and network structure on squall line identification effect are compared. The results show that the composition ratio of sample is imbalanced, because squall line accounts for very small proportion in all kinds of weather processes. This imbalance will degrade the classification performance of the identification model to squall line samples. The imbalance of sample composition can be improved by changing sampling mode and optimizing network structure, both can improve the identification efficiency, especially the latter. However, the combination of the two methods does not bring further improvement. The over fitting problem in network training can be alleviated by increasing the sparsity and randomness of the network structure. The validation set shows that CSI is 0.87, ETS is 0.82, POD is 0.96, and FAR is 0.10. Based on the test set, the echo can be correctly identified by network as non-squall line in the weak stage of convection development, and as squall line in the strong stage of squall line development. The echo intensity and spatial distribution of squall line cases differ greatly, and the samples in the test set have the image features which are not included in the training set, and therefore the identification effect reduces. The test set show that CSI is 0.66, ETS is 0.58, POD is 0.86, and FAR is 0.24. The research reveals that CNN can extract and learn the image features of squall line echo, and it has a certain ability to identify squall line.

Objective To study the effect of hemoglobin allosteric agent Voxelotor(GBT440) on oxygen-carrying characteristics of blood and its anti-hypoxia effect. Methods Whole arterial blood of mice were incubated with different concentrations of GBT440 at 37 ℃ for 1 h, then hemoglobin oxygen dissociation curves(ODCs) were detected by Hemox Analyzer and the P50 was calculated. After the pH value of blood samples changed by adding acid and alkali, the changes of ODCs were detected. SD rats were randomly divided into normoxia control group, normoxia treatment group, hypoxia control group and hypoxia treatment group(n=6). The rats in the control group and the treatment group were given 0 and 100 mg/kg GBT440 respectively by gavage. In 1 h later, the normoxia group and the hypoxia group were respectively placed in closed chambers containing 21% O2 and 10%O2, and their abdominal aortic blood samples were collected for blood-gas test in another 6 h. The male C57 mice were divided into groups and treated as above. The hypoxyprobe was injected intraperitoneally at 1.5 h before the sampling, and the hypoxia level of the liver, kidney and brain tissues of the mice were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results With the increase concentrations of GBT440, ODCs were shifted to the left in a dose-dependent manner and P50 were significantly decreased(P < 0.05). In the present of GBT440, adding acid induced ODCs right-shift, while adding alkali resulted in it left-shift. In the absence of GBT440, p(O2) and SpO2 in the hypoxic group were significantly reduced when compared with the normal group(P < 0.05), and the hypoxic conditions in the liver, kidney and brain tissues were significantly severer. In the presence of GBT440, these indicators were improved in the hypoxia+GBT440 group than the hypoxia group, p(O2) was increased by 21.35% and SpO2 by 8.14%(P < 0.05), and the hypoxic conditions in above organs were obviously ameliorated. Conclusion GBT440 can improve the oxygen carrying capacity of blood and the hypoxic conditions in tissues, and is expected to be an effective anti-hypoxia drug.

Concentrating solar power is the ideal way to solve the conflicts between energy and environment. Heat transfer and heat storage are the key links in solar thermal power generation, while molten salt is an excellent heat transfer and heat storage medium. Most of the solar thermal power stations operating at home and abroad use binary nitrates (solar salt) and ternary nitrates (Hitec). However, their low heat transfer and heat storage performance will affect the efficiency of solar energy utilization. The unique spatial structure of nanomaterials enables it to have excellent thermal conductivity and good stability. Introducing nanomaterials as additives into the nitrate molten salt system is expected to improve the thermal properties of the material such as heat transfer and heat storage, thereby improving the efficiency of solar thermal utilization and reducing the cost of power generation. In this paper, the related studies of nano metal particles, nano metal oxides, carbon nanomaterials, and other inorganic nanomaterials as doping additives in nitrate molten salt systems were reviewed. The changes in the thermal properties of molten salts after modification were discussed and the mechanism of action was explored, which can provide references for preparation of energy storage molten salt with excellent thermal properties. In the future research, the measurement of thermophysical properties, mechanism of heat transfer, quantitative structure-activity relationship and industrial pilot will be focused on, so that nitrate molten salt with excellent heat transfer and heat storage performance can be applied in the field of solar thermal power generation, which will play a more important role in the development and utilization of clean energy.

The ICME (Integrated Computational Materials Engineering) for aluminum alloys was applied to combine key experiments with multi-scale numerical simulations from nano (10-10-10-8 m) to micro (10-8-10-4 m) to meso (10-4-10-2 m) and to macro (10-2-10 m) during the whole R&D (research and development) process of aluminum alloys. Using integrated analysis of the composition-processing-structure-properties, the methodology for developing aluminum alloys was promoted from trial and error to scientific design, SO the R & D of aluminum alloys was significantly speed up and the cost was reduced. In this paper, multi-scale simulation approaches including Ab-initio, CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram), phase field, and finite element method together with experimental methods characterizing structure and properties are elaborated. The function of each method in the R & D of aluminum alloys is carefully discussed. Based on ICME, the framework for R & D of aluminum alloys, involving end-user demand, product design and industrial design, is established. Two application examples are presented to describe the important role of ICME during the development stage of aluminum alloys, which provides an innovative pattern for R & D of advanced aluminum alloys.

This study uses time domain terahertz radar system to discuss systematic imaging studies on the scaled models based on the improved Back-Projection (BP) algorithm. We image the scaled models with different shapes and are able to distinguish spatial gaps as small as 6 mm. The Theoretical calculation predicts that the lateral resolution and the axial resolution can be as high as 0.125 mm. Center enhancement and background rings caused by the algorithm in the imaging results are also qualitatively analyzed and are proposed methods to overcome this problem.

Objective·To investigate the effects of rutin on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells and its possible molecular mechanisms. Methods·Human osteosarcoma MG63 and U2OS cells were treated with rutin at concentrations of 10, 20 and 40 μmol/L, respectively. The effects of rutin on proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of MG63 and U2OS cells were assessed by using CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, scratch closure assay, and Transwell assay. The expression levels of cell proliferation antigen Ki67, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) proteins were detected by Western blotting. Twelve BALB/c nude mice were subcutaneously injected with osteosarcoma MG63 cells to establish a subcutaneous transplant tumor model. The mice were randomly divided into two groups: a control group and a rutin 40 mg/kg group (6 mice in each group). The rutin 40 mg/kg group was intraperitoneally injected with rutin (40 mg/kg), and the control group was intraperitoneally injected with an equal volume of saline, once every other day for 4 weeks. The tumor volume was measured every week. After 4 weeks, the mice were euthanized, and the tumors were excised and weighed. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Ki67 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tumor tissues. TUNEL was used to detect tumor cell apoptosis. Results·Compared with MG63 and U2OS cells not treated with rutin, MG63 and U2OS cells treated with rutin at 20 and 40 μmol/L showed a significant decrease in proliferation rate, an increase in apoptotic rate, a decrease in migration and invasion abilities, a significant downregulation of Ki67 protein, and a significant increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). In addition, rutin significantly inhibited the in vivo growth of osteosarcoma cells, reduced the expression of Ki67 and VEGF in tumor tissues, and promoted cell apoptosis (all P<0.05). Conclusion·Rutin can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells, and promote apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the long-term prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion presenting beyond the conventional time window (> 24 h) who received endovascular treatment (EVT) combined with best medical treatment (BMT), compared to those treated with BMT alone. Methods This study included 158 patients from a prospective cohort of acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion were conducted at Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from November 2021 to July 2023. The 158 patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion were divided into received EVT combined with BMT (EVT group, n = 70) and received BMT alone (BMT group, n = 88). Long - term neurological prognosis was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 12 months after onset. Univariate and multivariate stepwise Logistic regression analyses were useded to investigated the risk factors of long-term neurological prognosis. Sensitivity analyses were performed using propensity score matching (PSM) and multiple imputation (MI). Results Logistic regression analysis showed that EVT was a protective factor for good long-term neurological prognosis (mRS score ≤ 2; OR = 3.110, 95%CI: 1.460-6.620, P = 0.003), increasing age (OR = 0.955, 95%CI: 0.924-0.987; P = 0.007) and hypertension (OR = 0.418, 95%CI: 0.187-0.936; P = 0.034) were risk factors. In the sensitivity analyses of the primary outcome, both the PSM and MI datasets showed that the proportion of patients with a good long-term neurological prognosis was significantly higher in the EVT group compared to the BMT group (PSM: aOR = 3.610, 95%CI: 1.370-9.550, P = 0.010; MI: aOR = 3.870, 95%CI: 1.780-8.440, P = 0.000). The results were consistent with the main analysis. Conclusions Compared to BMT group, EVT group patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion presenting beyond the conventional time window was demonstrated a significantly better long-term neurological prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory role of zebrafish (Danio rerio) notch1a and notch1b genes on hsp70 by using a dual luciferase reporter gene assay. The CDS sequences of zebrafish notch1a and notch1b genes were obtained through NCBI database search, and their intracellular domains (Notchia/Notchib intracellular domain, N1aICD/N1bICD) were cloned. Eukaiyotic expression vectors, pCMV-N1aICD and pCMV-N1bICD, were constructed. The expressions of N1aICD and N1bICD were detected in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293T) through Western Blot and subcellular localization. The zebrafish hsp70 promoter sequence was analyzed, cloned, and incorporated into the pGL3-hsp70-pro reporter gene, which was constructed and assayed for dual luciferase activity in HEK293T. Overexpression of notch1a and notch1b genes in HEK293T cells was performed, and changes in pGL3-hsp70-pro activity were detected using a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The results showed that the successful construction of eukaryotic expression vectors pCMV-N1aICD and pCMV-N1bICD. Western Blot analysis confirmed the normal expression of pCMV-N1aICD and pCMV-N1bICD, while the subcellular localization assay showed the normal expression in the nucleus of HEK293T cells. The dual-luciferase reporter gene showed that the pGL3-hsp70-pro reporter gene was active in HEK293T cells, exhibiting activity 3.7 times higher than that of the empty plasmid. Additionally, the pCMV-N1aICD and pCMV-N1bICD eukaryotic expression vectors significantly enhanced the activity of pGL3-hsp70-pro in HEK293T cells, showing increases of 4.9-fold and 5.1-fold compared to the control, respectively. The results indicated that zebrafish notch1a and notch1b genes play a substantial role in enhancing the expression of hsp70 gene. This provides experimental materials and a theoretical foundation for further investigation into the immune mechanism of Notch molecular in defense against infection and apoptosis through Hsp70. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the test data of top soil, Chinese medicinal materials and root soil samples, the paper studies the contents, spatial distribution characteristics and pollution degrees of five heavy metal elements including As, Cd, Cu, Hg and Pb in the topsoil of Chinese medicinal materials planting area of Niujiayingzi Town in Xibo River Basin, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, as well as the accumulation characteristics of soil heavy metals by different Chinese medicinal materials and heavy metal pollution degree of herbs. The results show that the five elements in the topsoil of Chinese medicinal materials planting area share the same origin, mainly from the parent material, and in association, with the mean contents of 8.729x10-6, 0.142x10-6, 21.146x10-6, 0.036x10-6 and 23.651 x 10-6, respectively. The variation coefficients of Hg and Cd are 0.639 and 0.472 respectively, reaching the intensity variation, for their low soil background contents and more susceptible to various factors. Both the single and comprehensive pollution indexes of the soil heavy metals are less than 0.7, which shows a clean level of soil quality and meets the soil environmental requirements for the GAP base construction of Chinese medicinal materials. The concentration coefficients or pollution indexes of heavy metals in the medicinal parts of platycodon grandiflorum, glehnia littoralis and achyranthes bidentata are all less than 0.50, with their contents much lower than the limit value of heavy metals in Chinese medicinal materials. The Chinese medicinal materials produced in the planting area of Niujiyingzi Town all meet the requirements of green standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the efficacy of capreomycin adjuvant therapy for multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and its effect on quality of life and immune function. Methods Eighty-eight elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from October 2019 to October 2020 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method. The control group (n=44) used 4-6Am-Mfx (Lfx) -Pto- Cfz-Z-Hhigh-dose-E/5 Mfx(Lfx)-Cfz-Z-E, the research group (n=44) used capreomycin on the basis of the control group. The 6- Minute Walk Test (6MWT) measured value / predicted value and quality of life [36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36)] scores, safety evaluation results, chest CT cavity and lesion absorption rate and sputum culture turned negative were compared between the two groups, and the serum procalcitonin (PCT) expression levels and immune function were detected before and after treatment. Results The 6MWT measured value/predicted value of the research group and control group before the treatment were (0.48±0.11) and (0.64±0.13), which were significantly higher than corresponding (0.51± 0.12) and (0.58±0.14) after treatment (t=6.23, 2.520, P<0.05), the measured/expected value of 6MWT increased in both groups after treatment. Compared with the same group before treatment, the SF-36 scores for each dimension increased in both groups after treatment (P<0.01). The expression levels of serum PCT in the research group and control group before the treatment were (0.37±0.09) ng/mL and (0.12±0.03) ng/mL versus (0.36±0.11) ng/mL and (0.21±0.06) ng/mL after treatment (t=17.480, 7.940, P <0.01). Compared with the same group before treatment, serum PCT expression levels decreased in both groups after treatment. Compared with the same group before treatment, CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ were elevated in both groups after treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01); after treatment, CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ were significantly higher in research group compared to the control group (t=4.21, 8.02, 2.04, P<0.05). The absorption rate of chest CT cavity and lesions and negative rate of sputum culture in the research group were 88.64% (39/44) and 81.82% (36/44), which were significantly higher than corresponding 63.64% (28/44) and 61.36% (27/44) in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Capreomycin can improve the quality of life of MDR-TB patients, extend the 6-minute walking distance, and regulate serum PCT expression levels and immune function, to promote the absorption of chest CT cavity and lesions, and sputum culture to turn negative, and the security is acceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Boron nitride (BN) was modified by KH550 to obtain f-BN particles, and BN-HBP was obtained by hyperbranched modification of f-BN. BN-HBP was added to solvent-free epoxy coating to prepare EP/BN-HBP composite coating. The properties of EP/BN-HBP composite coatings with different additions of BN-HBP were studied. The results show that compared with unmodified h-BN, BN-HBP effectively improves the mechanical properties, volume resistivity, electrical strength and corrosion resistance of solvent-free epoxy coatings. With the increasing of BN-HBP filling amount, the volume resistivity, electrical strength and corrosion resistance of EP/BN-HBP composite coating increase first and then decrease. At 25 °C, when the addition amount of BN-HBP is 0.75%, the volume resistivity of EP/BN-HBP composite coating reach the maximum. At 100 °, when the addition amount of BN-HBP is 0.5%, the electrical strength of EP/BN-HBP composite coating reaches the maximum. When the addition amount of BN-HBP is 0.75%, the corrosion resistance of EP/BN-HBP composite coating is the best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveAs oil field development progresses into the middle and later stages, casing damage becomes increasingly severe, particularly incidents such as leakage, reduction in diameter, bending, and fractures caused by corrosion defects, leading to unsafe operations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to conduct residual life and safety evaluations of old oil field casings.MethodsBased on the von Mises equivalent stress yield criterion, a three-dimensional finite element calculation model of casings containing corrosion defects was established to analyze the influence law of corrosion pit depth and angle on casing stress distribution. The particle swarm optimization-gaussian process regression （PSO-GPR) algorithm was employed to construct a predictive model for casing corrosion rates.ResultsIntegration of the two models, the evaluation of the residual life of casings with corrosion defects was completed, it has theoretical guidance significance for the prevention and management of corroded casings in oil field operations.

The thickness of black soil layer is an important parameter to evaluate the soil quality in Northeast China. To find out its spatial distribution and secular variation; the paper conducts field investigation on the present condition of 61 typical soil profiles from the Second National Soil Survey in the black soil region of Northeast China and analyzes the variation of black soil layer thickness. The results show that the thickness of black soil layer has decreased by12 cm on average, with the mean thinning rate of 0.32 cm/a in the past 40 years. The thinning thickness of black soil layer in four provinces/regions are significantly different, with the largest thickness and proportion of black soil layer thinning and the most severe ecological risk in Jilin (23.65 cm), followed by Liaoning (11.83 cm), Inner Mongolia (10.33 cm) and Heilongjiang (6.83 cm). There is a remarkable negative correlation between the black soil layer thickness variation and rising temperature in Jilin Province, indicating that with the climate warming, soil organic matter decreases obviously, and also the thickness of black soil layer. In addition, water erosion is also an important factor affecting the thickness thinning of black soil layer. It is suggested the study on black soil thickness determination and spatial mapping be strengthened in the future, which is ofgreat significance to guide the protection and utilization of black land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hail size affects the degree of weather disasters. Aiming at developing an algorithm for hail size discrimination based on dual polarization parameters, the present study selected 33 hail events occurred in 2019 and 2020 in Shandong Province, and categorized them into small, large, and giant hails according to the Hail Classification Standard in China. Then seven altitude levels were determined based on the wet bulb 0 °C level and the properties of melting hails, the distribution characteristics of dual polarization variables of three types of hails at different altitude levels were discussed, and the thresholds of the polarization parameters for hails were obtained. The results show that the larger the hails are, the larger the median Zh and the smaller the median Zdr are at the same altitude, but the median Zdr are more likely to be negative in the -10-20 °C layer. While the median CC basically decreases with the increase of hails or decrease of height, that of giant hails are slightly larger than the large hails in the 1 km below the 0 °C layer due to smaller melting ratio. The medians for KDP of hails are about 0 °/km above the 0 °C layer, and they increase with hail melting as height decreases below the 0 °C layer. Moreover, the basic characteristics of large or giant hails are large Zh, small CC less than 0.7 and small Zdr. Zdr and KDP can be negative for all hails, but Zdr is more likely to be more than 0 dB for small hails and close to 0 dB for giant hails. Finally, the more sensitive polarization parameters to hail size at different altitude layers include Zh above the -20 °C level, CC and Zh in the 0-20 °C level, and CC, Zh and Zdr below the 0 °C level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of free CD147 and its induced product matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in peripheral blood, and to explore the relationship between its expression changes and short-term prognosis. Methods Thirty-nine patients with TBI admitted to the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from May 2014 to December 2016 were included in the study. The expression changes of free CD147 and MMP - 9 in peripheral blood were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the activity of MMP-9 was determined through gelatin zymography. The prognosis was evaluated via Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge. Results There was no significant difference in GOS score between male and female patients at discharge (2.63 ± 1.28 vs. 2.57 ± 1.14; t = 0.161, P = 0.873). There was a statistically significant difference in GOS score between different age groups at discharge (t = 2.191, P = 0.038). The GOS scores of patients over 60 years old were lower than those of patients under 40 years old (t = 2.645, P = 0.014) and those between 40 and 60 years old (t = 2.320, P = 0.029). According to the GOS score, they were divided into a good prognosis group (GOS score ≥ 3, n = 25) and a poor prognosis group (GOS score < 3, n = 14). Free CD147 in peripheral blood of patients with poor prognosis [(5.07 ± 1.89) ng/ml vs. (10.37 ± 1.69) ng/ml; t = 2.080, P = 0.048] and MMP-9 [(41.55 ± 4.67) ng/ml vs. (75.23 ± 5.18) ng/ml; t = 2.512, P = 0.019] were higher than the good prognosis group. Correlation analysis showed that the GOS score at discharge was negatively correlated with free CD147 (r = - 0.473, P = 0.000) and MMP - 9 (r = - 0.435, P = 0.036) in peripheral blood. Conclusions The higher the level of free CD147 and its induced product MMP-9 in peripheral blood of patients with TBI, the worse the prognosis, which indicated that free CD147 and MMP-9 can be used as important indicators for poor prognosis of patients with TBI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To elaborate the epidemic of imported malaria in Jiangsu province from 2015 to 2019, and to prevent the importation and re-transmission of malaria, and we provide information for malaria control and elimination. Methods Data on imported malaria cases in Jiangsu Province from 2015-2019 were collected and sorted through the National Infectious Diseases Information Reporting Management System (IDIRMS) and the Parasitic Diseases Information Reporting Management System (PDIRMS). The incidence and distribution of malaria were described in Jiangsu Province from 2015 to 2019. The distribution of three dimension, diagnostic institutions and diagnostic timeliness of imported malaria cases were described and analyzed. Results From 2015 to 2019, a total of 1 439 cases were reported in Jiangsu Province, of which 1 436 were imported cases, and 3 cases were blood transfusion infection cases. The reported cases were comprised of Plasmodium falciparum (1 075, 74.7%), Plasmodium vivax (63, 4.4%), Plasmodium ovale (233, 16.2%), Plasmodium malariae (65, 4.5%), and mixed infections (3, 0.2%). Imported malaria cases mainly came from Africa(97.5%, 1 400/1 436), Asia (1.9%, 28/1 436), South America and Oceania (0.6%, 8/1 436). The cases were reported from 13 cities in Jiangsu Province. The main imported malaria cases were young men aged 35-<50 years. In January, June and October, more cases were reported than other months. And 83.2% of the cases were diagnosed by medical institutions. The percentage of cases diagnosed by disease control agencies has decreased year by year (P<0.05). The percentage of patients with more than 9 days time interval between onset and diagnosis in 2019 was significantly lower than that in the previous four years (P<0.01). Conclusion Malaria epidemic situation in Jiangsu Province has been stable in recent five years. Most malaria cases are imported from abroad, a small part of malaria cases are infected by blood transfusion. The interval between onset and diagnosis is shorter. Prevention of the retransmisson of imported malaria, improving the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment, and strengthen health education are very important for malaria prevention in Jiangsu Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective This paper analyzed 11 cases of severe malaria in Jiangsu Province, summarized the causes of severe malaria, evaluated the effect of diagnosis and treatment, and provided scientific basis for formulating feasible treatment measures of severe malaria. Methods The case information, epidemiological investigation reports and inpatient medical records of 11 severe malaria cases in Jiangsu Province in 2019 were collected from the Infectious Disease Report Information Management System and Parasitic Disease Prevention and Control Information Management System. The onset time, clinical manifestations, diagnosis process and treatment of severe malaria cases were summarized and analyzed. Results Totally 11 cases of severe malaria, including 10 cases of falciparum malaria, and 1 case of ovale malaria, were all imported cases from abroad. The shortest time of living abroad was 22 days, and the longest was 1 070 days. Four cases had malaria while abroad. All of the 10 severe cases of falciparum malaria developed within one month after they returned to China, and three of them became ill on the day they returned home. One severe case of Plasmodium ovale began onset 134 days after returning home. The average time from onset to treatment was 2.5 days, and the average interval time from visit to diagnosis was 1.81 days. There were 3 cases of coma or shock, 3 cases of severe anemia, 4 cases of acute renal failure, and 1 case of acute respiratory distress syndrome. 1 case of Plasmodium ovale had severe anemia due to spontaneous rupture of spleen. Except one case of ovale malaria was treated with dihydroartemisinin piperaquine tablets plus primaquine tablets, the other 10 severe falciparum malaria cases were treated with artesunate injection for antimalarial treatment, and all of them were cured and discharged from hospital after receiving antimalarial treatment. 11 cases of severe cases, the shortest length of stay was 9 days, the longest was 40 days, with an average of 22.64 days; the minimum hospitalization cost was 9 270 yuan, the maximum was 177 174 yuan, with an average of 81 520.76 yuan. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen multi department cooperation to improve patients' awareness of timely treatment, strengthen the professional knowledge and professional training of medical staff, find and treat imported malaria cases as soon as possible, so as to prevent severe malaria caused by delayed diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the remote sensing monitoring data of land use in 1985, 2000 and 2017, the spatiotemporal variation characteristics and eco-environmental effects of land use transition in eastern Songnen Plain in the past 30 years are analyzed by means of land use transfer matrix, gravity center model and eco-environment quality index. The results show that the land use is mainly cultivated land and forest land with clear distribution boundary during 1985-2015. The land use intensity continues to increase, fast in early stage and slow in later. The main performances of land use transition involve continuous increase of agricultural land, continuous decrease of ecological land and slight increase of construction land, changing drastically in early stage and slowing down in later. The direction of land use transition is generally stable. The shift trajectory of transfer barycenter varies greatly, of which the largest change is during 1985-2000, with the transfer trajectory of water area shifting 76.34 km northwestward. The regional ecoenvironmental quality index of Songnen Plain continued to decline from 0.395 in 1985 to 0.361 in 2017, indicating the continuous deterioration of eco-environmental quality. In 2017, the spatial distribution is dominated by medium and low-medium quality areas. The mutual transition between agricultural land, grassland and unused land is the main influencing factor of ecological environment quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molybdenum (Mo), an essential trace element for animals and plants, comes directly or indirectly from soil. Based on the soil sample data obtained from the 1:250 000 land quality geochemical survey in the main cultivated areas of Oroqen Qi in Inner Mongolia, the paper evaluates the nutrient grades of Mo content in the surface soil of the study area. The results show the soil Mo contents generally reach the rich-grade and above. Besides, the influences of geochemical indexes, soil types and parent materials on soil Mo content are also analyzed. It is considered that the Mo content decreases as pH increases when pH is 5-7, and decreases as organic content increases when Corg is 20x10-3-140x10-3. Dark brown soil and its corresponding parent materials provide the source of Mo. It is concluded that the soil Mo is mainly derived from bedrock weathering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selenium (Se) is one of the essential trace elements for human beings and animals, thus the development and utilization of Se-rich soil have bright prospects. The Se content in the soil of high-quality rice planting area of eastern Wuchang City, Heilongjiang Province, is 0.03x10-6-0.5x10-6, averagely 0.245x10-6, with Se-low and Se-deficient soil areas accounting for 90.37%, Se-sufficient area 9.48% and Se-rich area only 0.15%. Further study shows that Se-low parent material is the main cause for soil Se deficiency in the area. The spatial distribution of soil Se content is affected by soil texture, oxides, organic matter and micro-terrain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keshan County in Heilongjiang Province is the place after which the endemic Keshan disease was named. By analyzing 809 topsoil samples (0-20 cm) and 205 deep-soil samples (150-200 cm), the paper studies the characteristics of selenium (Se) content in soil and crop seeds and available Se content by different soil types. The results show that the average Se content in surface soil is 0.249x10-6, lower than the national average and higher than that of the world and Heilongjiang Province in Northeast China Plain, mainly characterized by Se-sufficiency, with the area accounting for 93.95%. The average Se content in deep soil is 0.167x10-6, obviously lower than that in surface soil, with the Se-low and Se-deficient soil areas making up 62.62%. The Se content in surface layer of different soil types from high to low is chernozem and meadow soil (the same), followed by black soil and dark brown soil. On the contrary, the Se content in deep layer is dark brown soil, black soil, meadow soil and chernozem in order. The Se content of different land use types show that the Se content in construction land and cultivated land is high, that in forest land and water conservancy land low, indicating the Se content is obviously affected by human activities. The Se content in seeds of main crops such as maize, soybean and rice is 0.033x10-6 averagely, showing the characteristics of low-Se. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the 1 : 250 000 land quality geochemical survey data of the main cultivated lands in eastern Oroqen Qi, Inner Mongolia, the paper ascertains the organic carbon storage in surface and deep soils and distribution characteristics of organic carbon density in the study area, analyzes the relation of soil organic carbon storage and density to soil type and land use pattern, and discusses the effect mechanism of soil type and land use pattern on soil organic carbon. The results show that the soil organic carbon is unevenly distributed, with soil type and land use pattern as the main factors affecting soil organic carbon storage and density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study on the characteristics of major nutrient elements in typical black soil areas before and after reclamation is important for sustainable utilization of black soil resources and protection of the breadbasket in Northeast China. Four sections are laid out in the typical black soil areas where land use has not changed for the past 40 years in Helen area, eastern Songnen Plain, to make a comparative study on the main index elements for soil fertility (organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, C:N and pH value) in the sections before and after reclamation. The results indicate that the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus show a change trend of rapid decrease through slow decrease to basically stable with soil depth. Although reclamation has changed the content of nutrient elements in soil, it does not change the content variation rule with soil depth. Reclamation affects the pH value of black topsoil to a certain extent, which led to slow acidification of cultivated land. The research results will expectedly provide scientific basis for sustainable utilization, protection and restoration of black soil resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Aiming at the large deviation of radar heavy precipitation estimation, we propose an effective radar heavy precipitation estimation method based on recurrent neural network (RNN). Based on the understanding of precipitation evolution, we redesigned RNN network structure to merge previous rain gauge measurements in order to improve quantitative precipitation estimation. The weather radar combined with previous three-times rain gauge measurements can effectively reduce large deviations in heavy precipitation estimation by ZR relationship. In this paper, the RNN and the ZR relationship method are compared in the 2015 summer precipitation test dataset. The root mean square error (RMSE) of the RNN method is reduced by 24.28%, and the median absolute error (Median AE) is reduced by 32.83% compared to the ZR relationship by real-time calibration method where rainfall intensity is greater than or equal to 30 mm/h. Therefore, estimating precipitation by RNN method has a significant effect on quantitatively estimating heavy precipitation, and has business application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of hybrid surgery on revascularization of chronic internal carotid artery occlusion. Methods and Results Eight cases of chronic internal carotid artery occlusion underwent hybrid surgery in our medical center during September 2017 to September 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Assessment preoperative, surgical procedure, surgical complication and prognosis including clinical data, lab examination, imaging findings during the follow - up period were recorded. All 8 patients underwent hybrid surgery [carotid endarterectomy (CEA) + carotid arterystenting (CAS)]. The revascularization of 8 patients was successful. The intracranial blood flow improvement was confirmed by carotid artery ultrasound, transcranial Doppler (TCD), CTP or PWI and DSA. Brain MRI ofone patient within 24 h postoperation showed visible spotted fresh infarction with no clinical symptoms, and 3 patients occurred ipsilateral cranial nerve injury symptoms (hypoglossal nerve, superior laryngeal nerve and mandibular branch of facial nerve) at postoperation, which were recovered in 2 weeks. All patients had no postoperative cerebral hyperperfusion. Imaging study showed the revascularization was successful and intracranial perfusion was improved at 3 and 6 months during the follow-up. Conclusions Hybrid surgery (CEA + CAS) is safe and effective for carotid artery occlusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the requirement of high real-time and high precision personnel positioning in underground mine, the positioning algorithm of underground personnel based on ultra wide band (UWB) is studied. The double-sided two-way ranging (DS-TWR) mode is adopted to measure the distance between the positioning base station and the positioning tag. This mode does not need the clock synchronization of the positioning base station and the positioning tag system. Therefore, the positioning precision is improved from the source. According to the ranging information, the weighted least squares (WLS) algorithm and CHAN algorithm are used to estimate the coordinates of the positioning tag. The performance of the two algorithms is compared and analyzed through static and dynamic experiments. The positioning precision is comprehensively evaluated through the root mean square error and the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the error. The experimental results show that in static experiment, the root mean square errors of CHAN algorithm and WLS algorithm are 5.878 6 cm and 8.007 4 cm respectively. The root mean square error of CHAN algorithm is 26.59% lower than that of WLS algorithm. In dynamic experiment, the root mean square errors of CHAN algorithm and WLS algorithm are 12.2923 cm and 21.1809 cm respectively. The root mean square error of CHAN algorithm is 41.97% lower than that of WLS algorithm. The positioning precision of CHAN algorithm is higher than that of WLS algorithm. And CHAN algorithm is more suitable for underground personnel positioning in coal mines.

Ecological corridors provide essential routes for biological migration, which would promote species exchange among different habitats. The construction of corridors is beneficial to alleviate the damages caused by the fragmentation of landscapes due to the acceleration of urbanization, with significance to biodiversity conservation. In this study, we located the ecological sources with the results of ecological sensitivity evaluation and ecosystem service value analysis in Changli County based on its land use status in 2015. Then, we produced the potential corridors with the minimal cumulative resistance model (MCR) and the minimum cost path method, and identified the key corridors with the gravity model. We put forward the ecological corridor system including four important corridors and two general corridors to underpin the scientific knowledge for the ecological corridor construction project and biodiversity conservation. The results showed that the ecological sensitivity of this area was relatively moderate and ecosystem services value was relatively low. Both the ecological sensitivity and ecosystem services were lower in the middle area but higher in around areas. The ecological sources were mainly distributed in the northern Jieshi Mountain Scenic Area, the eastern coastal state-owned forest farm and the western water source conservation area, which were highly coincident with the nature reserves determined by Ecological Environment Construction and Protection Planning (2011-2030) in the study area. The total length of the corridors was 112.66 km, within which the length of important ones was 47.61 km and that of general ones was 65.05 km. The best width of the corridors was around 30 to 60 m. The ecological corridors and ecological sources constituted an annular closed area, which would effectively promote species migration and the exchange of material and energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]