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Background Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection is strongly associated with peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, gastric lymphoma, and other diseases. A new dual therapy has proven effective in the eradication of H.pylori, but it has not been verified in some areas with a high prevalence of H.pylori infection in central China. Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of rabeprazole combined with amoxicillin or furazolidone dual therapy in the eradication of H.pylori infection. Methods 161 patients with a first diagnosis of H.pylori infection were recruited from Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital during April 2020 to October 2021, and randomized into three groups with different 14-day therapies: group A (n=55) received a twice-daily quadruple therapy consisting of rabeprazole (20 mg) + bismuth potassium citrate (220 mg) + amoxicillin (1 000 mg) + furazolidone (100 mg) , group B (n=54) received a three-time daily dual therapy consisting of rabeprazole (20 mg) + high-dose amoxicillin (1 000 mg) , and group C (n=52) received a three-time daily dual therapy consisting of rabeprazole (20 mg) + high-dose furazolidone (100 mg) . The eradication rate, side effects and cost-effectiveness ratio were compared among the groups. Results Intention-to-treat analysis (ITT) revealed that, the eradication rates of H.pylori in groups A, B and C were 83.6% (46/55) , 81.5% (44/54) and 48.1% (25/52) , respectively. Per-protocol (PP) analysis found that, the eradication rates of H.pylori in groups A, B and C were 88.5% (46/52) , 83.0% (44/53) and 51.0% (25/49) , respectively. Both analyses demonstrated that groups A, B had higher eradication rates of H.pylori than group C (P

Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection induced precancerous lesions of gastric mucosa mostly in adulthood. However, it is debatable whether these pathological changes could also occur in children. Objective To investigate the relationship between H. pylori infection and precancerous lesions of gastric mucosa in children hospitalized due to upper gastrointestinal symptoms in central plain area of China. Methods A total of 1 015 children under the age of 18 years old were enrolled. These children attended the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University for upper gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, hiccups, and acid reflux from August 2018 to July 2021. All children underwent gastroscopy, from which gastric mucosal biopsy tissues were taken for rapid urease test and histopathological examination. The clinical and pathological data of the patients were collected retrospectively. The children were divided into infected and uninfected groups according to H. pylori infection status. The age, sex, endoscopic diagnosis, and H. pylori infection rate were compared between children in infected and uninfected groups. The incidence of precancerous lesions of gastric mucosa, inflammatory activity and the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration were compared between infected and uninfected groups, meanwhile these tests were also compared in children of different age groups. Results Among the 1 015 children, 854 (84.14%) were infected with H. pylori and 161 (15.86%) were not infected. H. pylori-infected children were significantly older than those of non-infected subjects (P