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Disorders in glucose and lipid metabolism are closely linked to chronic metabolic diseases, including obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver, hyperlipidemia and diabetes. Cereal dietary fiber, as a prebiotic, can lower blood sugar and lipid levels while promoting metabolic balance. Current research on cereal dietary fiber primarily focuses on its physicochemical properties and short-chain fatty acids metabolites. Recent studies suggest that dietary fiber intake regulates glucose and lipid homeostasis by modulating bile acid metabolism. This process is closely associated with gut microbiota. Therefore, this paper briefly reviewed the progress on the regulatory effects and mechanisms of glucose and lipid metabolism through the gut microbiota-bile acid pathway by grain dietary fiber, and provides examples of how dietary fiber from different grains (brown rice, wheat, oats, and other grains) regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. This review aims to elucidate the relationship between cereal dietary fiber, gut microbiota-bile acid interactions, and glucose and lipid metabolism. It provides new insights into how grain dietary fiber improves metabolic health and supports human well-being.

ObjectiveTo provide a reference for visual assessment in complex ocular trauma by studying the characteristics of visual evoked potential （VEP） in patients with different degrees of ocular trauma.MethodsBased on the severity of ocular trauma, 231 patients with monocular visual impairment were selected and divided into groups A （no open surgery, relatively mild injury）, B （open surgery, which may have a certain impact on the visual acuity after recovery） and C （multiple open surgeries, multiple intraocular surgeries or further treatment after surgery, and serious impact on the visual acuity after recovery）. At the same time, according to the best corrected visual acuity （BCVA） after recovery, they were divided into four grades: Ⅰ, visual

Effects of four types of cereal dietary fibers (DF) on blood glucose, inflammatory factors and gut microbiota in db/db mice were investigated. The db/db mice were fed with diets containing four types of dietary fibers of wheat (WDF), brown rice (BDF), oat (ODF) and buckwheat (BWDF) respectively. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) level was measured every two weeks, and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were conducted at the 8th and 14th weeks. At 14 weeks, feces were collected to analyze the changes of microbiota, and serum was collected to determine the level of blood lipid and inflammatory factors. Four types of cereal DF could reduce the FBG and the area under the blood glucose curve (AUC) at 8 weeks in db/db mice, improve dyslipidemia and reduce the concentration of blood pro-inflammatory factors (P < 0.05). All four types of cereal DF could increase the diversity of gut microbiota and change the abundance of different microbiota. Among them, WDF mainly increased the abundance of Faecalibaculum and Romboutsia, BDF increased the abundance of Actinobacteriota and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidota (F/B), ODF mainly promoted the proliferation of Alistipes, and BWDF increased the abundance of norank_f__Muribaculaceae and decreased the level of Bacteroides. Correlation analysis showed that F/B and Actinobacteriota were significantly negatively correlated with FBG, AUC, pro-inflammatory factor (IL-8) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, and positively correlated with anti-inflammatory factor (IL-10) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, while Bacteroides was the opposite. Alistipes, Faecalibaculum, and Romboutsia were negatively correlated with pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α respectively. Four types of cereal DF can improve the glycolipid metabolism disorder and inflammatory response in type 2 diabetic db/db mice by increasing the diversity of gut microbiota and exerting different regulatory effects on microbiota.

[Objective] To improve the accuracy of online measurement of sugar content of grapefruit by near infrared spectroscopy. [Methods] The pomelo online non-destructive testing equipment developed by ourselves was used to collect diffuse transmission spectrum data of pomelo in three light regions. In the wavelength range of 650~950 nm, orthonormal variable transformation （SNV）, multiple scattering correction （MSC）, Normalize, Savitzky-Golay first order derivative, SG-1st preprocessed the original data, used the adaptive weighting algorithm （CARS） to screen the spectral characteristics of the grapefruit sugar content, and established a partial least squares regression （PLSR） model. 30 grapefruit samples that were not involved in the modeling were used for online verification. [Results] The modeling effect of light region C combined with SNV-CARS-PLSR method was the best. The coefficient of determination of the prediction set was 0.95 and the root-mean-square error was 0.30 °Brix. In online verification, the coefficient of determination was 0.90 and the root mean square error was 0.58 °Brix. The model had a strong ability to detect the sugar content of grapefruit on line. [Conclusion] The prediction model based on the spectral data collected under the condition that the light spot diameter is 70 mm and the light region C is 20 mm above the equator of the grapefruit can realize the online prediction of the sugar content of the grapefruit more effectively.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of different test positions on quantitative muscle strength of wrist and finger flexor muscle groups and to establish a standardized muscle strength test protocol for each muscle group.MethodsForty healthy subjects （12 males and 28 females） were recruited. A portable digital quantitative muscle strength tester, Micro FET2TM, was used to measure the flexor muscle strength of each finger and the wrist joint at the 30° extension, 0° neutral, and 30° flexion, respectively. Palmar abduction strength of the thumb was measured at 30° and 60°, respectively. Ten subjects were randomly selected from the 40 subjects, and the quantitative muscle strength of each muscle group was tested again by the same operator after an interval of 10 to 15 days.ResultsExcept for the fact that in males, there was no significant difference in flexor muscle strength of thumb and wrist joint between 30° of wrist extension and neutral 0° position, the muscle strength of the other fingers flexion and wrist palmar flexor showed the following characteristics： 30° of wrist extension > neutral 0° position > 30° of flexion, and the PAST was 30°>60°; The flexor muscle strength of all the subjects was thumb > index finger > middle finger > ring finger > little finger; All muscle strength values of male were greater than those of female, and the difference was statistically significant （P0.05）. The reliability of muscle strength values measured at different times in 10 subjects was good.ConclusionThe quantitative muscle strength of each muscle group of the hand and wrist is affected by the test position, and a standardized and uniformed test position should be adopted in the actual identification. Micro FET2TM has good reliability for hand and wrist quantitative muscle strength testing. The 30° extension of the wrist can be used as the best standardized test position for the flexion muscle strength of each finger and wrist joint. The 30° position can be used as the best standardized test position for PAST.

Objective: To reduce the influence of transverse diameter of Mandarin orange on the prediction of sugar content. Methods: 132 citrus were divided into three groups according to transverse diameter: small （65～70 mm）, medium （70～75 mm） and large （75～80 mm）. After collecting the transverse diameter spectrum of all citrus, the spectrum information and transverse diameter information of citrus were synthesized by spectral transformation algorithm, and the spectrum of different sizes of citrus was converted to the same transverse diameter datum. The pre-correction and post-correction spectra were respectively preprocessed, divided by target symbiotic distance algorithm （SPXY）, screened by competitive adaptive weight sampling （CARS） and selected by partial least squares regression （PLS） to establish the sugar degree model before and after correction. Results: The prediction set determination coefficient （R2P） was increased from 0.790 to 0.821, and the prediction set root mean square error （RMSEP） was decreased from 0.489 to 0.443. The middle fruit spectrum was modified, R2P increased from 0.801 to 0.845, RMSEP decreased from 0.460 to 0.422. R2P increased from 0.820 to 0.863 and RMSEP decreased from 0.431 to 0.393. Conclusion: The spectral correction algorithm can reduce the spectral difference caused by the transverse diameter and improve the prediction accuracy of the model.

为了探索紫外-可见-近红外反射光谱测定油茶籽油掺伪量的方法，按照不同掺伪比例制备了244个油茶籽油掺伪大豆油、菜籽油、花生油、玉米油的样本，以自主搭建的实验平台采集所制备样本在200~1 100 nm范围内的反射光谱。将原始光谱进行Savitzky-Golay(SG)-连续小波变换（CWT）预处理后，利用Kennard-Stone(K-S)算法以2∶ 1的比例将样本划分成校正集和预测集。采用竞争性自适应重加权算法（CARS）、连续投影算法（SPA）、自主软收缩算法（BOSS）、迭代变量子集优化算法（IVSO）进行特征波长选择，分别建立基于支持向量机（SVM）、极限学习机（ELM）、随机森林（RF）的油茶籽油掺伪量快速预测模型，同时对特征波长的特性进行了研究。结果表明：原始光谱经过 SG-CWT（L5）预处理和 BOSS 特征波长筛选后，建立的基于SVM的油茶籽油掺伪量快速预测模型能够鉴别掺伪量为1%及以上的油茶籽油，该模型在十折交叉验证和网格搜索法下得到最佳惩罚因子（c）和核函数（γ）分别为5.278 0和0.108 8，其预测决定系数（R2P）、预测均方根误差（RMSEP）、预测平均绝对误差（MAEP）分别为0.998 5、0.013 4、0.010 2。特征波长聚集程度和陡度对模型预测结果存在一定影响。综上，建立的基于反射光谱的油茶籽油掺伪量快速预测模型预测误差小，预测效果较好。In order to explore the method of UV-Vis-NIR reflection spectroscopy to identify blended oil-tea camellia seed oil(CAO), 244 samples of CAO adulterated with soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil and corn oil were prepared according to different adulteration amounts, and the reflectance spectra of the prepared samples in the range of 200-1 100 nm were collected by an experimental platform built independently. After pretreating the raw spectra with SG-continuous wavelet transform (CWT), the samples were divided into correction and prediction sets using the Kennard-Stone (K-S) algorithm in a ratio of 2∶ 1. Competitive adapative reweighting sampling(CARS)algorithm, successive projections algorithm (SPA), bootstrapping soft shrinkage(BOSS) algorithm, and iteratively variable subset optimization (IVSO) algorithm were used for characteristic wavelength selection, and rapid identification models based on support vector machine (SVM), extreme learning machine (ELM), and random forest (RF) were established for CAO adulteration amount, respectively, and the characteristics of characteristic wavelength were studied. The results showed that the SVM model established after the SG-CWT (L5) pretreating and BOSS characteristic wavelength screening could discriminate the amount of adulteration 1% and above, and the model obtained the best penalty factor c ( 5.278 0) and kernel function γ (0.108 8) under the ten-fold cross-validation and grid search method, with R2P, RMSEP and MAEP of 0.998 5, 0.013 4 and 0.010 2, respectively. At the same time, the degree of aggregation and steepness of the characteristic wavelength had some influence on the model prediction results. In conclusion, the established rapid prediction model for the adulteration amount of oil-tea camellia seed oil based on reflection spectroscopy has low error and good prediction effect.

Plutonium(Pu) is a very critical radioactive element, and its separation and purification are the core technology in the reprocessing of spent fuel. At the same time, research on the separation of Pu is also of great significance to environmental protection and radioactive pollution remediation. Currently, precipitation, extraction, and adsorption are the primary techniques for separating and purifying plutonium. Of these, adsorption is a crucial method for the process. The technique offers benefits such as simplicity of operation and high-speed adsorption. Additionally, adsorbents have advantages in the form of low cost and high adsorption capacity. In the review, according to the properties of adsorption materials, we introduced the research progress on the adsorption and separation of Pu from five aspects: natural mineral, polymer resins, inorganic oxides, carbon materials and nanomaterials. Furthermore, the adsorption ability and mechanisms of these different adsorption materials as well as the influencing factors during the adsorption process were also summarized and discussed. Based on these discussions, the advantages and disadvantages of these different materials were also evaluated. Finally, the problems and future development trend of the plutonium adsorption and separation were analyzed and prospected, which should be provided guidance for the research and application in the adsorption and separation of Pu and other radionuclides.

The stability of black rice anthocyanin microcapsules at high temperature, light and pH, and their release in simulated gastroenteric fluid were studied by emulsification and gelation of black rice anthocyanin microcapsules with calcium alginate as wall material. The stability of black rice anthocyanin in microcapsules prepared under the process parameters of sodium alginate concentration of 15 g/L, water oil volume ratio of 1∶3, wall to core ratio M (C3G)∶M (NaAlg) of 2∶1, and solution pH of 4.5 was significantly higher than that of uncoated free black ones under different pH, temperature, and light conditions. The microencapsulated anthocyanin could be kept for 4 hours in simulated gastric fluid, and the wall material was slowly decomposed and released in simulated intestinal fluid. The microencapsulation technology based on emulsified gel can improve the stability of anthocyanins, and achieve their intestinal delivery and sustained release in vivo.

Lanthanum chloride and sodium p-aminosalicylate were used as raw materials to synthesize a new environmental-friendly accelerator lanthanum p-aminosalicylate (PAS-La) by precipitation method. The product was characterized and its mole-cular formula was determined to be La(C7H6NO3)3·H2O by elemental, thermal and infrared spectral analysis. The effects of PAS-La on the vulcanization characteristics, crosslinking density and mechanical pro-perties of natural rubber were investigated using rotorless vulcanzation apparatus, equilibrium swelling method and universal testing machine, and the vulcanization kinetics were analyzed. The results showed that with the increase of PAS-La amount, there was a maximum value of positive vulcanization time of natural rubber, and the scorch time firstly decreased and then increased. The crosslinking density of vulcanized rubber increased, and the mecha-nical properties were significantly enhanced. When PAS-La was added at amount of 1.2 phr (by mass), its vulcanization promotion effect on natural rubber was optimal. Kinetic calculations revealed that the reactivity of the crosslinked precursors was enhanced with the increase of PAS-La amount, and the activation energy decreased first and then increased.

为实现山茶油与3种常见食用植物油(菜籽油、大豆油和玉米油)的区分，制备可视化传感器阵列，采用嗅觉可视化技术对4种不同种类的食用植物油进行分类识别。采用主成分分析(PCA)对4种油样的特征数据进行降维，然后将降维后的数据导入K近邻(KNN)、极限学习机(ELM)、支持向量机(SVM) 3种分类模型中进行模型参数优化，对比了3种分类模型的分类结果。结果表明：建立的SVM分类模型性能最优，当输入主成分向量数为7、c=1.741 1、g=4.549 8时，SVM分类模型的测试集分类识别准确率为95.8%，五折交叉验证准确率为89.6%。制得的可视化传感器阵列可以实现4种食用植物油的分类识别，嗅觉可视化技术用于食用植物油检测是可行的。In order to distinguish oil-tea camellia seed oil from three common edible vegetable oils (rapeseed oil, soybean oil and corn oil), visual sensor array was prepared, and four different edible vegetable oils were classified and identified by olfactory visualization technology. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the dimension of the characteristic data of the four oil samples. The data after PCA dimensionality reduction was imported into three classification models namely K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), and Support Vector Machine (SVM), and the model parameters were optimized, and the classification results of the three classification models were compared. The results showed that the established SVM classification model had the best performance. When the number of input principal component vectors was 7, c=1.741 1, and g=4.549 8, the classification and recognition accuracy of the test set of the SVM classification model was 95.8%, and the 5-fold validation accuracy was 89.6%. The visual sensor array can achieve the classification and recognition of four edible vegetable oils, and the olfactory visualization technology is feasible for the classification and identification of edible vegetable oils.

Objective: In order to solve the problem of manual weighting of dragon fruit, including time-consuming, laborious and expensive, an automated weight estimation method based on machine vision and machine learning was proposed in this research. Methods: Firstly, 106 dragon fruits were weighed, recorded and photographed, and images of dragon fruits were constructed. Secondly, binary images were obtained after denoising and segmentation. Moreover, the three features of pixel area, major axis pixel length and minor axis pixel length of dragon fruits were extracted on the basis of binary images. The three features of each image and their corresponding weights were combined into a set of data, which was divided into training set and test set according to the ratio of 7∶3. Finally, the training set was input into the Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, K-Neighbors and Artificial Neural Networks machine-learning models for training, and the test sets were used for model evaluation. Results: The evaluation index of the Artificial Neural network performed well compared with other models, with R2 of 0.986 and RMSE of 13.091. Conclusion: The experimental result demonstrates that the method proposed in this research can accomplish the weight estimation of dragon fruit effectively, and meet the weight estimation requirements of dragon fruit.

Objective: To solve the problem of insufficient spectral information obtained by the fixed illumination angle of the near-infrared spectroscopy to detect the sugar content of fruits. Methods: A light angle adjustable device for the diffuse transmission near-infrared spectroscopy was designed to detect the sugar content of citrus based on the simplified model of the remote motion center of the light source. The device had carried out the structural performance analysis and the test of the citrus sugar under different illumination angles. Results: The adjustment range of the light angle of the device was set to 0°~60°. The displacement deviation between the center of the four light sources and the bullseye was the smallest （7.5 mm） at 60°. Under different illumination angles, the error between the average illumination angle of light source 2, 3 and 4 and the reference value of light source 1 was within 1°. When the illumination angle was 30°, the citrus sugar prediction model based on the original transmittance spectrum data had the best effect. At this time, the correlation coefficient of the prediction set, the root mean square error of the prediction set, the correlation coefficient of the correction set, and the root mean square error of the correction set were 0.887 6, 0.897 5, 0.456 0, 0.430 9 °Brix, respectively. Conclusion: The developed near-infrared spectroscopy detection device can automatically synchronize and adjust the angle of illumination of four light sources to align with the center of the fruit.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of brown rice and whole wheat on gut microbiota and lipid metabolism. Specific pathogen-free Sprague Dawley (SPF SD) rats were selected and randomly divided into six groups (n = 12 per group): control group, brown rice group, whole wheat group, HFD model group, brown rice + HFD group, and whole wheat + HFD group. After 12 weeks of feeding, the serum biochemical indicators of the rats were measured. The liver and colon tissues were examined pathologically, and the microbial community diversity in the colon was analyzed. The results showed that brown rice significantly inhibited the increase of body weight and lowered serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Brown rice also significantly alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration in colon tissue (P < 0.05). Whole wheat reduced serum free fatty acid (FFA) levels and inhibited hepatic lipid accumulation in rats (P < 0.05). In the normal maintenance diet groups, brown rice decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and increased the relative abundance of Blautia and Lactobacillus in the colon, while whole wheat increased the relative abundance of Blautia and Romboutsia (P < 0.05). In the HFD groups, the relative abundance of harmful bacteria such as Terrisporobacter, Pseudomonas, Psychrobacter, and Lachnoclostridium were reduced by brown rice and whole wheat, while brown rice increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the colon (P < 0.05). Taken together, the intake of brown rice and whole wheat had a healthy effect on regulating intestinal homeostasis. The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for formulating reasonable whole-grain cereals-related dietary guidelines and developing whole-grain-based healthy products.

Objective To study the virtual reality-pattern visual evoked potential （VR-PVEP） P100 waveform characteristics of monocular visual impairment with different impaired degrees under simultaneous binocular perception and monocular stimulations. Methods A total of 55 young volunteers with normal vision （using decimal recording method, far vision ≥0.8 and near vision ≥0.5） were selected to simulate three groups of monocular refractive visual impairment by interpolation method. The sum of near and far vision ≤0.2 was Group A, the severe visual impairment group; the sum of near and far vision 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the P100 peak times measured at all spatial frequencies between simulant visual impairment eyes and simultaneous binocular perception in the control group （P>0.05）. Conclusion VR-PVEP can be used for visual acuity evaluation of patients with severe and moderate monocular visual impairment, which can reflect the visual impairment degree caused by ametropia. VR-PVEP has application value in the objective evaluation of visual function and forensic clinical identification.

In order to study the overburden failure characteristics and surface subsidence law of shallow buried coal seam under the condition of double coal seam mining, based on the geological conditions of typical shallow buried coal seam in Yushenfu Mining Area, the numerical simulation method was used to analyze the overburden failure and surface subsidence characteristics under six different working conditions, and the physical similarity simulation experiment was used to verify. The results show that the failure mode of shallow buried coal seam is full-thickness cutting, and the mining-induced failure in the water-resisting layer in the retained coal pillar mining presents the “mud cover effect”. When the coal pillar is not retained, the two sides of the goaf form the development zone of separated cracks, and the cracks develop about 45° above the two sides of the goaf. The surface subsidence is stepped when the coal seam is mined. With the advance of the working face, the surface subsidence center moves forward continuously, and the influence of the weight of the aquifer on the surface subsidence is gradually reduced. The thickness of the coal seam is positively correlated with the surface subsidence value. There is stress concentration in the process of coal seam mining. The vertical stress in the overlying strata appears stress concentration area, stress relief area and stress concentration area successively along the direction of coal seam mining.

Objective: This study aims to realize the adulteration detection of camellia oil mixed with rapeseed oil, soybean oil and corn oil. Methods: The electronic nose detection platform was used for the adulteration detection of camellia oil mixed with different proportion of rapeseed oil, soybean oil and corn oil. Firstly, the linear discriminant analysis （LDA） and support vector machine （SVM） were used for the qualitative identification of camellia oil adulteration. Then multilayer perceptron （MLP） and partial least squares regression （PLSR） were used to establish quantitative prediction models for camellia oil adulteration. Results: The accuracy of SVM for qualitative authentication was higher than that of LDA, and the average precision rate, average recall rate and average F1-score were 94.85%, 96.11% and 95.34%, respectively, which were 5.17%, 4.44% and 5.29% higher than those of LDA. For quantitative prediction, MLP outperforms PLSR. In particular, the determination coefficients of MLP were 0.98, 0.99 and 0.98, and the root mean square errors were 4.02%, 1.45% and 3.74%, respectively, for camellia oil mixed with rapeseed oil, soybean oil and corn oil. Conclusion: The SVM-based identification model and MLP-based prediction model can effectively detect oil adulteration by using electronic nose platform.

ObjectiveTo explore the changes of elbow flexor muscle strength after musculocutaneous nerve injury and its correlation with needle electromyography （nEMG） parameters.MethodsThirty cases of elbow flexor weakness caused by unilateral brachial plexus injury （involving musculocutaneous nerve） were collected. The elbow flexor muscle strength was evaluated by manual muscle test （MMT） based on Lovett Scale. All subjects were divided into Group A （grade 1 and grade 2, 16 cases） and Group B （grade 3 and grade 4, 14 cases） according to their elbow flexor muscle strength of injured side. The biceps brachii of the injured side and the healthy side were examined by nEMG. The latency and amplitude of the compound muscle action potential （CMAP） were recorded. The type of recruitment response, the mean number of turns and the mean amplitude of recruitment potential were recorded when the subjects performed maximal voluntary contraction. The quantitative elbow flexor muscle strength was measured by portable microFET 2 Manual Muscle Tester. The percentage of residual elbow flexor muscle strength （the ratio of quantitative muscle strength of the injured side to the healthy side） was calculated. The differences of nEMG parameters, quantitative muscle strength and residual elbow flexor muscle strength between the two groups and between the injured side and the healthy side were compared. The correlation between elbow flexor manual muscle strength classification, quantitative muscle strength and nEMG parameters was analyzed.ResultsAfter musculocutaneous nerve injury, the percentage of residual elbow flexor muscle strength in Group B was 23.43% and that in Group A was 4.13%. Elbow flexor manual muscle strength classification was significantly correlated with the type of recruitment response, and the correlation coefficient was 0.886 （P

Objective: This study aimed to realize the fast and accurate sorting of citrus color. Methods: An online color detection and grading system of citrus based on machine vision was designed in this study. The system is composed of feeding unit, chain conveying mechanism, image acquisition system and fruit dividing unit. The industrial camera which was combined with the rolling mechanism was used to uniformly capture 50~60 frames of images for obtaining the complete surface information of citrus. The non-destructive testing software preprocessed each frame of images acquired in real time to obtain the two-dimensional coloring ratio, which is dynamically tracked and stored. The arithmetic mean value of two-dimensional coloring ratio was taken to reduce the influence of the repeated areas on the coloring rate calculation of citrus surface, and finally the calculated coloring rate was discriminated and graded. Results: The experimental results showed that when the transmission speed was 6 s-1, the maximum error of citrus coloring proportion calculated by the system was 5%, and the sorting accuracy rate was 90.54%. Conclusion: The system can meet the needs of fast and accurate sorting of citrus color.

Bone development shows certain regularity with age. The regularity can be used to infer age and serve many fields such as justice， medicine， archaeology， etc. As a non-invasive evaluation method of the epiphyseal development stage， MRI is widely used in living age estimation. In recent years， the rapid development of machine learning has significantly improved the effectiveness and reliability of living age estimation， which is one of the main development directions of current research. This paper summarizes the analysis methods of age estimation by knee joint MRI， introduces the current research trends， and future application trend.

Fructose was popularly used in diet due to its high sweetness and low impact on blood sugar levels. High fructose diets are common in Western countries. With economic development, the per capita fructose intake in China has been increasing year by year, and the relationship between fructose and health has become a research hotspot. The absorption and metabolism of fructose in vivo can activate multiple signaling pathways including PI3K/Akt, NF- κ B, JAK-STAT, AMPK, MAPK and toll like receptors etc., which could down or up regulate the level of downstream signaling molecules, and cause the occurrence of metabolic syndrome such as obesity and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The absorption and metabolism molecular signal pathways involved in fructose induced metabolic syndrome were summarized and reviewed in this paper, which could provide reference for the rational consumption and further research of biological effects of fructose.

Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in energy storage and new energy electric vehicles due to their superior performance, but the internal short circuit problem of lithium-ion batteries is a safety hazard during usage for energy storage and vehicle battery packs. If it cannot be detected in time, the deepening of the internal short circuit will be accompanied by an increase in heat, which will cause thermal runaway and lead to safety accidents. Diagnosing whether the battery pack has an internal short circuit and quantitatively estimating the short circuit resistance of the battery cell that has the internal short circuit can effectively prevent the occurrence of thermal runaway. This study proposes a quantitative diagnosis algorithm of Internal short circuit (ISC) based on the remaining charge capacity based on the charging curve of the lithium-ion battery module. The simulation and experimental verification of the algorithm are carried out under the conditions of different voltage acquisition accuracies, sampling periods, temperatures, and aging degrees. The results show that the proposed algorithm can accurately and quantitatively diagnose the ISC under certain conditions: (1) For serious ISC of 10 Ω level, high diagnosis accuracy can be obtained even under the conditions of 10 mV acquisition accuracy, 10 s sampling period, and variable temperature. For early ISC of 100 Ω level, the ISC resistance is smaller than the actual value and the diagnosis time is longer. To improve the accuracy and timeliness of early ISC diagnosis, the voltage acquisition accuracy, and sampling frequency should be higher than 1 mV and 1 Hz, respectively. (2) Battery aging will reduce the accuracy of ISC diagnosis, but it has little effect on the 10 Ω level ISC, and the diagnostic error of the ISC resistance is less than 6% even at an extremely low temperature (−20 ℃). The conclusions are of great significance to improve the accuracy of quantitative diagnosis of ISC for lithium-ion batteries.

Objective: In order to clarify the heat release behavior of neophytadiene under different conditions. Methods: Use Soxhlet extraction method, chromatography column method to extract and purify neophytadiene in tobacco powder, combined with IR, 1H NMR and MS spectrum technology, the structure was confirmed, and Py-GC/MS was used to analyze and study the pyrolysis products of neophytadiene under different conditions. Results: The performance of neophytadiene at different temperatures under anaerobic and aerobic conditions had good cracking thermal stability, and it can still maintain its original state at high temperature. The types of new phytadiene cracking products increased with the increasing of temperature. Under anaerobic conditions, the anaerobic cracking products of cracking products mainly include alkanes and alkenes. In addition to alkanes and alkenes, the main products of cracking under aerobic conditions also produce a large amount of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, benzene series, and other compounds. Under aerobic conditions, the neo phytadienes were cracked Alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, furans and other compounds containing oxygen atoms, these components have a positive effect on improving the smoking quality of cigarettes. The formation of cracked products mainly comes from primary and secondary reactions The primary reaction of neophytadiene is mainly the scission of α and β bonds of conjugated double bonds, and the secondary reaction is relatively complicated. Conclusion: Neophytadiene has a positive effect on improving the smoking quality of cigarettes.

Polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) is a green and environmental scale inhibitor. Its application is limited due to its single functional group. In order to enhance its performance, an experiment was carried out by using serine (Ser) as the modifier to modify the PESA, and the optimal synthesis process conditions for the modification were investigated. The structure of the target product was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The thermal stability of the modified product was investigated through thermogravimetric experiment. Results showed that under the conditions that the temperature was 90 ℃, the mass ratio of polyepoxysuccinic acid to serine was 1.0∶0.8, and the action time was 2 h, the best scale inhibition performance of the polyepoxysuccinic acid derivative (Ser - PESA) could be obtained. When the dosage of PESA and Ser - PESA was 10 mg/L, the scale inhibition rate against calcium carbonate could reach 86% and 96% respectively. The FTIR and SEM images of calcium scale showed that the structure of calcium carbonate was changed from stable calcite structure to unstable vaterite structure after adding PESA and Ser - PESA.

Objective To fabricate caffeic acid-grafted gelatin (CA-gel) hydrogels and investigate effects of the grafting ratios on the physicochemical properties of the hydrogels, and evaluate the antioxidant function of hydrogels. Methods CA-gel gelatin was synthesized by controlling the ratio of caffeic acid and gelatin, and the hydrogels were formed with laccase as the cross-linking agent. The molecular structure of caffeic acid-grafted gelatin was characterized by HPLC and 1H-NMR. The grafting degree of caffeic acid was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometer and the gelation time of hydrogel was determined by vial-tilting method. The elastic modulus was measured by microsphere indentation method. The swelling ratio and degradation rate of the hydrogel were calculated according to mass change before and after swelling and degradation, and the scavenging effect on DPPH radical(DPPH·) was determined by the change of absorbance of DPPH radical solution. Cell counting kit-8 was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the hydrogels and the protective effect on fibroblasts in high oxidative stress microenvironment. Results Caffeic acid was grafted onto gelatin molecules with following respective parameters: grafting degrees were 33.0 μmol/g, 61.8 μmol/g and 74.4 μmol/g, the gelation time was 33 min, 42 min and 47 min, the swelling ratios of the hydrogels were 896.5%, 835.3% and 803.9%, the elastic modulus of the hydrogels were 7.2 kPa, 29.4 kPa and 34.5 kPa, and the scavenging effects on DPPH radical of the hydrogels were 38.5%, 41.9% and 49.8%, respectively. In addition, the degradation rate decreased with the increase of grafting degree. The hydrogels were non-cytotoxic and displayed protective effect on the fibroblasts in the peroxide-existing environment. Conclusions CA-gel hydrogels have adjustable gelation time, biodegradation rate, elastic modulus and free radical scavenging activity and show a significant protective effect against fibroblasts in high oxidative stress microenvironment as well.

For improving the friction properties of GH05 superalloy in high temperature and high pressure water environment, Cr/DLC and CrN coatings were prepared on the alloy surface via ion source assisted unbalanced magnetron sputtering and multi - arc ion plating respectively. FGD autoclave was used to conduct the high temperature and high pressure test of the coatings, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the surfaces and cross - sectional morphologies of the coatings. Moreover, a high temperature UMT tribometer and a step height tester were used to study the friction and wear properties of the coatings, and a nanoindenter was employed to measure the hardness and elastic modulus of the two kinds of coatings before and after high temperature and high pressure test. Results showed that the surface morphology and mechanical properties of the CrN coating after high temperature and high pressure test changed slightly in comparison with that before such test. However, the Cr/DLC coating suffered remarkable oxidation. The coating structure became loose, and the bonding force as well as the hardness of the coating significantly decreased. On the other hand, the high temperature and high pressure test led to an increase of the friction coefficient of Cr/DLC and CrN coatings in both dry and water environments, which might be attributed to the oxidation of the coatings’ surfaces and the deterioration of mechanical properties of the coatings. Compared with the sharp decrease of friction properties for the Cr/DLC coating, CrN coating still maintained good friction and wear properties after high temperature and high pressure test. Especially, the wear rate of CrN coating in water environment was only 1.40 × 10-7 mm3/N·m, which was only 1.60% of that of the Cr/DLC coating under the same test condition (i.e., 8.73× 10-6 mm3/N·m). Overall, the CrN coating could greatly improve the service performance of the superalloy under severe working conditions.

The work has immobilized N,N′-dimethyl-N,N′-dioctyldiglcolamide(DMDODGA) on the porous adsorption resin P120 by using vacuum immobilization and infusion technology to synthesize a new supramolecular recognition material DMDODGA/P120. Then, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), elemental analysis(C, H, N, O) were used to characterize the material. The results show that most of DMDODGA are successfully loaded into the pores of P120, and the load is about 53.1 g DMDODGA per 100 g P120. The structure of the carrier(P120) was not destroyed. Through static adsorption experiments, the effects of contaction time, initial concentration of Sr2+, the concentration of HNO3, solid-to-liquid ratio between adsorbent material and liquid and temperature on the adsorption performance of DMDODGA/P120 have been studied. And its kinetic curve and adsorption isotherm have been analyzed. Besides, the desorption process and radiation stability of DMDODGA/P120 have been studied. And the penetration curve of DMDODGA/P120 has been studied through dynamic adsorption experiments. The results show that the adsorption equilibrium time of DMDODGA/P120 is about 10 min, and the adsorption process conforms to the quasi-second-order kinetic equation, indicating that the process is chemical adsorption. The adsorption process of Sr2+ is a single-layer chemical adsorption that occurs on the surface of the adsorbent. The adsorption performance of DMDODGA/P120 increases first and then decreases with the increase of acidity. The adsorption process is exothermic. The solid-to-liquid ratio between the adsorbent material and the liquid during the adsorption process can be controlled at about 20 g/L. DMDODGA/P120 has a good radiation resistance. It won’t be a greater degree of radiolysis until the radiation dose reaches 106 Gy. The dynamic adsorption result of DMDODGA/P120 shows that the exchange column is broken down in 5-6 column volumes, and the total removal rate of Sr2+ is about 52.53%.

ObjectiveTo reduce the dimension of characteristic information extracted from pelvic CT images by using principal component analysis （PCA） and partial least squares （PLS） methods. To establish a support vector machine （SVM） classification and identification model to identify if there is pelvic injury by the reduced dimension data and evaluate the feasibility of its application.MethodsEighty percent of 146 normal and injured pelvic CT images were randomly selected as training set for model fitting， and the remaining 20% was used as testing set to verify the accuracy of the test， respectively. Through CT image input， preprocessing， feature extraction， feature information dimension reduction， feature selection， parameter selection， model establishment and model comparison， a discriminative model of pelvic injury was established.ResultsThe PLS dimension reduction method was better than the PCA method and the SVM model was better than the naive Bayesian classifier （NBC） model. The accuracy of the modeling set， leave-one-out cross validation and testing set of the SVM classification model based on 12 PLS factors was 100%， 100% and 93.33%， respectively.ConclusionIn the evaluation of pelvic injury， the pelvic injury data mining model based on CT images reaches high accuracy， which lays a foundation for automatic and rapid identification of pelvic injuries.

Some beneficiation circulating water contains excess highly dispersed suspended particles, which are difficult to clarify only by simple concentration and sedimentation and cannot meet the requirements of reuse. To solve this problem, a clarification device was developed for removing the solid suspended matter from beneficiation circulating water, which consists of a hydraulic circulation area and a particle sedimentation area and integrating mixing, flocculation, and sedimentation. The flow field inside the gadget has a big influence on how well it works. The structural and operating parameters of the gadget were improved using the computational fluid dynamics approach to increase the device’s performance. A two-dimensional physical model of the deep clarification device for beneficiation circulating water was established. Numerical simulation research on its main structural parameters and operating parameters were conducted by using software Fluent and choosing the Mixture multiphase flow model and RNG k‒ε turbulence model. The effects of feed water nozzle length, throat to nozzle diameter ratio, sludge settling area opening size, and device diameter on the internal flow field were investigated. The average turbulent kinetic energy in the sludge settling zone can be reduced by reducing the length of the nozzle in the hydraulic circulation region, increasing the ratio of the throat to nozzle diameter and the opening size of the sludge settling area, and increasing the diameter of the device. Due to the fact that the turbulent kinetic energy is the kinetic energy of fluid produced by turbulent pulsation, the turbulent degree of the flow field in the sludge settling area is reduced, the effect of turbulent flow in the flow field on particle settling is weakened, and the removal effect of the device on suspended particles is improved. Simultaneously, it is found that at the same suspended solids concentration, reducing the inlet flow rate or increasing the suspended particle size helps to improve the removal rate of suspended solids. When the inlet flow rate is 0.1 m·s-1 and the coagulated suspended particles form particles with particle size more than 100 μm, the removal effect of slime particles in beneficiation circulating water is remarkable.

Cholestatic liver injury (CLI) is a liver disease with high mordity. Accumulation of bile acids in the liver is thought to be a major driver of liver injury during cholestasis. The disease can develop into be liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver failure and liver cancer. This review focuses on the molecular mechanism of CLI in the perspective of inflammatory response. The roles of neutrophils, Kupffer cells, bile duct cells, and the signaling pathways involved in CLI are reviewed to provide clues for research of new therapeutic targets and treatment strategies.

In this paper, the cause and mechanism of local corrosion perforation under the bottom water regulator of an offshore water injection pipe string were analyzed by means of macro analysis, physical and chemical properties analysis, metallographic analysis, XRD analysis, SEM micro morphology analysis, energy spectrum analysis, water content and bacteria test, and finite element analysis and other methods, combined with the actual site conditions. Results showed that the internal corrosion perforation of the oil pipe was caused by bacterial corrosion under the scale, and the high Cl- in the residual acid after acidizing operation accelerated the local corrosion perforation. Based on this, it was suggested to regularly add chemicals and use corrosion-resistant pipes to prevent early corrosion perforation failure of oil pipes.

With its good performance, the deep learning model is introduced into the transient stability assessment of power system. However, when applying online, the anti-noise ability and generalization ability of the models must be paid attention to. A deep learning model based on stacked sparse denoising auto-encoder (SSDAE) is proposed for real-time transient stability assessment. The corrupted data is generated by adding white Gaussian noise to the original input data. Then, the high-order features are extracted from the corrupted data. Finally, the original data is reconstructed by using the high-order features. The anti-noise ability is greatly improved after training. Besides, the weights and the degree of activation of the hidden layer neurons are suppressed to achieve the sparseness of the model, which can improve the generalization ability of the model. The simulation results show that the SSDAE based model has good anti-noise ability and generalization ability compared to other machine learning algorithms.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological trends and disease burden of Hodgkin's lymphoma in China from 1990 to 2019. Methods Based on data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 survey (GBD 2019), we used incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD) and their standardized rates to analyze the epidemic trends and disease burden of Hodgkin's lymphoma in China from 1990 to 2019. Results From 1990 to 2019, the number of new cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma in China increased from 6,600 to 9,500, an increase of 42.68%, and the overall standardized incidence rate decreased from 0.65/100,000 to 0.57/100,000, a decrease of 11.12%, but it has rebounded since 2006. The number of deaths and standardized mortality rate decreased by 45.30% and 72.00%, respectively. The standardized rate of YLD increased by 66.77%, while standard-ized rates of DALY and YLL showed a decreasing trend of 73.31% and 74.82%, respectively. The incidence, mortality and DALY rates of different genders in-creased with age, but the incidence, mortality and DALY rates of males were higher than those of females. Conclusion From 1990 to 2019, the incidence rate of Hodgkin's lymphoma in China first decreased and then increased, the mortality rate and DALY rate showed a decreasing trend. Men and the elderly remain at high risk of the current disease burden of Hodgkin's lymphoma.

The tungsten particles in the different particle size distribution were obtained by changing the ball milling time to increase the volume fraction of tungsten particles in the objective particle size distribution of 5~11 μm, and the influence of ball milling time on the particle size distribution and morphology of tungsten powders was analyzed. The results show that, the tungsten particle size decreases significantly in the initial ball milling for 2 h, and the maximum particle size decreases rapidly from 134 μm to about 20 μm. With the further increase of milling time, the typical particle size distribution parameters of tungsten powders decrease slowly. The morphology of tungsten powders does not change except the decrease of particle size. The agglomeration phenomenon appears after milling for 10 h. Comprehensive analysis shows that, the change of ball milling time has a great influence on the particle size distribution of tungsten powders. When the ball milling time is 8 h, the narrowest particle size distribution of tungsten powders is obtained, and the volume fraction of the tungsten particles in the objective particle size distribution reaches 75%.

Disorders of glucolipid metabolism is the main cause of obesity, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and other chronic diseases. As our diet becomes increasingly refined, dietary is gaining attention from academia and people outside. Moreover, it has been recognized by the nutritional sciences as the seventh category of nutrients, which plays an important physiological role in regulating glucolipid metabolism. This paper briefly reviews the relationship between the physicochemical property of dietary fiber, the microbial-mediated regulatory mechanism and glucolipid metabolism, and predicts the future research topics and applications of dietary fiber. It aims to provide insights for further research and application of dietary fiber, as well as the prevention and early treatment of disorders of glucolipid metabolism.

This paper is to design an objective evaluation algorithm that automatically evaluates image quality and is consistent with the human visual system.In view of the fact that most traditional full reference image quality assessment methods only analyze images in the spatial domain,and have shortcomings in pooling strategies,this paper proposes a random forest based spatial-frequency domain joint feature full reference color image quality evaluation method.Firstly,this method extracts the chroma and gradient features in the spatial domain,which are used to characterize the color information and spatial structure information of images.The texture detail information of the response of the log-Gabor filter bank and spatial frequency features are extracted in the frequency domain,which are used to be joint features.Then,random forest is implemented for learning the mapping relationship between the feature vector and the subjective opinion score to predict the objective quality score.Experiments conducted on three standard databases,i.e.TID2013,TID2008,and CSIQ show that the comprehensive evaluation performance by our method is better than the state-of-the-art full reference assessment algorithms,especially on TID2013 database,the Pearson linear correlation coefficient value can reach 0.9397.

In order to solve the problem of time-consuming and laborious manual detection of crop pests, a crop pest recognition model based on YOLOv7 was proposed in this paper. Firstly, the feature fusion module of YOLOv7 was improved using the information aggregation-distribution mechanism, which enhanced the feature fusion ability between different levels. Secondly, the loss function was replaced by minimum points distance intersection over union to calculate the boundary box regression loss, which better aligned the predicted box and the real target box, and improved the accuracy of the boundary box regression. Finally, the receptive field enhancement module was added after the SPPCSPC layer to enhance the recognition ability of the model to small-scale pests. Experimental results showed that the average accuracy of the improved YOLOv7 model was 80.4%, the precision rate was 85.3%, and the recall rate was 75.1%, which were 3.4%, 3.2% and 2.6% higher than those before improvement. The model had better recognition effect and robustness for agricultural pests, and provided a more accurate and reliable tool for agricultural pest monitoring and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the hovering flow field and sand dust movement law of a rotorcraft in ground effect(IGE) hovering due to sand dust inhalation, Fluent software was used to calculate the flow field continuously based on Reynolds averaged N-S equation and k-ω(SST) turbulence model, combined with the parallel algorithm of CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) and DEM(Discrete Element Method).Through API(Application Programming Interface), the hovering flow field of helicopter rotor is calculated and compared with the PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry) measurement results.After that, the momentum data of flow field is transmitted to discrete phase to calculate the complete trajectory and particle distribution of dust.The results show that:when the convection field is accurately simulated, the force movement and spatial distribution of sand dust particles are well simulated by using the discrete element method, which can understand the ground effect flow field and the force movement law of fine dust particles with multiparameters, and directly present the development process of sand blindness.

Objective Using pullulan-spermine (Ps) as a carrier of NOTCH1 siRNA to find the effect of NOTCH1 silencing mediated by Ps combined with lysosomal penetration enhancer desloratadine (DL) on acute T lymphocytic leukemia cell line Jurkat. Methods A dynamic light scattering instrument was used to analyze the particle size and Zeta potential of siRNA/Ps complexes with different N/P ratios. Jurkat cells were incubated with siNOTCH1/Ps for 6 hours, then the medium was refreshed with RPMI 1640 complete medium containing 10 μmol/L DL and incubated for another 18 hours, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the silencing efficiency of NOTCH1; flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle and apoptosis; Western blot was used to detect the expres- sion of C-MYC protein, which was the downstream of NOTCH1, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins caspase 3 and cleaved caspase 3. Results The particle size of siRNA/Ps with N/P ratio of 5 was (203.97±1.07)nm, the zeta potential was (46.13±0.07)mV, and the particles were stable in 10% FBS medium. In Jurkat cells, compared with the no DL group, the siNOTCH1/Ps combined with 10 μmol/L DL induced cell cycle arrest in G1 phase and promoted cell apoptosis (P＜0.05). At the same time, the expression level of cleaved caspase 3 protein in Jurkat cells increased, the expression level of C-MYC and caspase 3 protein decreased (P＜0.05). Conclusions Ps combined with lysosomal penetration enhancer DL effectively mediates the silencing of NOTCH1 in Jurkat cell, thereby inducing the G1 phase arrest of acute T lymphocyte leukemia cells and promoting cell apoptosis.

Using the data of China National Nutrition and Health Survey, we explored the relationship between dietary fructose intake and lipid indexes and dyslipidemia of 27 265 Chinese residents aged 45 and above. The level of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein Cholesterol(HDL-C) were significantly lower in male while dietary fructose intake was lower in female (P < 0.001).With the increase of the dietary fructose quartile level, serum TG concentration was increased while HDL-C was decreased for male residents (Ptrend < 0.001). Among female residents, we only found serum TG concentration was increased (Ptrend < 0.001). Compared with the first quartile, the risk of low HDL cholesterolemia in the third (OR: 1.17; 95%CI: 1.03～1.33) and fourth (OR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.08～1.43) quartile were increased after adjustment for confounding factor. There was no association between dietary fructose intake and hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, mixed hyperlipidemia, and dyslipidemia among female residents after adjustment for confounding factor (P > 0.001). There were gender differences for the effect of dietary fructose intake on lipid indexes and dyslipidemia.

Objective To assess the feasibility, safety and short⁃term outcomes of angioplasty and stenting for patients with symptomatic non⁃acute middle cerebral artery occlusion (SNAMCAO). Methods Eight SNAMCAO patients who failed in medical treatment and underwent endovascular recanalization, were collected from January to December 2019. The success rate, perioperative complications, prognosis and stent restenosis were summarized. Results In 8 cases, 7 cases succeeded and one case failed. Four cases occurred perioperative complications, including symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (2 cases), transient ischemic attact (1 case) and stent thrombosis (1 case). Seven to 13d after operation the modifical Rankin Scale(mRS)0-2 score were seen in 6 cases, 3 in one case and 4 in one case. Four months after operation one case occurred restenosis in the stent. Conclusions For patients with SNAMCAO, if medical treatment is not effective, endovascular recanalization can be considered, but the recanalization technique is complicated and the incidence of complications is still high. Therefore, the safety and necessity of endovascular recanalization need to be strictly evaluated. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.06.008

Objective To compare the effects of stent combined with drug therapy and aggressive artery stenosis and cognitive dysfunction. Methods A total of 53 patients from October 2016 to March 2019 with symptomatic severe intracranial vertebrobasilar artery stenosis and cognitive dysfunction were collected. Patients were divided into 2 groups [stent combined with drugs group (n = 31) and aggressive drugs alone group (n = 22)] based on patients' informed consent. Perioperative status of stent combined with drugs group and incidence of adverse events in both groups were analyzed. Montreal Congnitive Assessment (MoCA) scores were compared in hospitalization period, 1 month and 6 months at follow⁃up in order to evaluate the improvement of cognition. Then subgroup analysis of different collateral circulation status before stent combined with drugs group was conducted. Results There were 2 cases of perioperative complication in stent combined with drugs group, and there was no statistical difference in cumulative incidence of adverse events and ischemic stroke between 2 groups. According to the comparion that MoCA scores in hospitalization, 1 month and 6 months at follow ⁃ up in two different therapy groups, the score of delayed recall had statistical significance (P = 0.005), which indicted stent group had advantages in delayed recall over drugs group. The scores of total MoCA (P = 0.000), line connection test (P = 0.028), drawing clock (P = 0.006), attention (P = 0.001) and delayed recall (P = 0.000) had statistical significance in different follow ⁃ up time points and were significantly improved in stent group. In stent group, the scores of total MoCA (P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.009) and attention (P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.030) improved in succession in the time of before treatment, 1 month and 6 months at follow⁃up. However, the scores ofline connection test (P = 0.001, 0.000), drawing clock (P = 0.006, 0.000), and delayed recall (P = 0.000, 0.000) improved mainly within first month at discharge. As to the scores of MoCA in different preoperative collateral circulation status groups, sentence repetition only had statistical significance (P = 0.021). The scores of total MoC (P = 0.000), line connection test (P = 0.000), drawing clock (P = 0.002), attention (P = 0.000) and delayed recall (P = 0.000) had statistical significance in different follow⁃up timepoints. In further comparion of changes of MoCA scores at different time points in 2 preoperative collateral circulation status groups, scores of total MoCA (P = 0.006, 0.006) and attention (P = 0.005, 0.002) were higher at follow⁃up of 6 month than these in hospitalization and 1 month follow⁃up in good collateral group, which suggested the scores above improved mainly between 1 month and 6 month at discharge. The score of delayed recall at discharge after 6 month was higher than it in hospitalization. The scores of total MoCA (P = 0.000, 0.000), line connection test (P = 0.003, 0.001), drawing clock (P = 0.004, 0.001), attention (P = 0.000, 0.000) and delayed recall (P = 0.000, 0.000) were higher at follow⁃up of 1 month and 6 month than these in hospitalization in poor collateral group, which suggested the scores above improved mainly within first month at discharge. Conclusions As to the patients with symptomatic severe vertebrobasilar artery stenosis and cognitive dysfunction, the improvement in multiple cognitive domains of stent combined with drugs therapy and the advantage over aggressive drugs alone group were observed. Meanwhile, the time of cognitive benefit was earlier in poor preoperative collateral circulation status groups than in good collateral group. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.03.016

Since December 2019, a total of 6 neonates born to women with pneumonia suspected of new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection were admitted in our department. The gestational age and birth weights of the 6 neonates were 36 ± 3.4 weeks and 2.77 ± 0.66 kg, respectively. Three maternal patients were diagnosed with 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia, and 6 newborns were negative for coronavirus nucleic acid tests. Our department isolated and treated the 6 newborns according to patients with pneumonia suspected of 2019-nCoV infection. After active treatment, 1 of the children has been discharged, and 5 have stable vital signs. In order to prevent and control 2019-nCoV infection in neonatal intensive care unit effectively, we reported the caring details of the cases in the present study.

With the rapid development of fructose industry, dietary fructose intake of Chinese residents has increased steadily.Thus, it is particularly critical to investigate the status of dietary fructose intake and its relationship to health.The relationship between dietary fructose and chronic non-communicable diseases,such as obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension and gout were reviewed in this paper.The aim of this study is to provide reference for the fundamental researches and applications of fructose.

Objective A recent randomized controlled trial suggested that aggressive medical management was superior to angioplasty for symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis. But it still had its flaws. This study investigated the perioperative safety of balloon angioplasty for symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis. Methods Twenty-eight patients with severe symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis were treated by balloon dilatation alone from May 2016 to May 2019. The success rate, complications, modified Rankin scale (mRS) and follow-up data were evaluated. Results Twenty-six of 28 patients underwent balloon angioplasty successfully with a success rate of 92.86%. Immediate distal stenosis perfusion was more than Modified Thrombdysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) grade 2b. Stent-assisted angioplasty was used in the other 2 cases. No complications related to worsening clinical symptoms occurred in 28 patients after operation and 30 d of follow-up. There were 10 patients whose modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score was 1 on the 30th day after operation, and the other 18 patients' mRS score was 0. Conclusions Balloon angioplasty is relatively safe in the perioperative period of symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis. Stent-assisted angioplasty is a technique used when balloon angioplasty is ineffective. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2019.10.008

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2019.10.011

Recently, concerns about cognitive impairment and its association with carotid artery stenosis have been raised up progressively. Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is a well-established method which has been widely applied for ischemic stroke. However, its impact on cognitive function remains controversial. CAS can improve cognitive function by reducing the incidence of ischemic stroke and improving hemodynamic status, while postoperative microembolic events can lead to increased cognitive impairment. In addition, the effect of CAS on cognitive function is also affected by many other factors, including white matter hyperintensity (WMH), cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), depression, advanced age, etc. Carotid Revascularization and Medical Management for Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis-Hemodynamics (CREST-H) is expected to provide a clearer understanding of the therapeutic effects of CAS in cognitive function in conclusion. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2019.10.003

Gradation of Disability in Human Body Injuries （hereinafter referred to as Gradation） has been released and used since January 2017, and has become the most widely used standard in forensic science practice. This paper calculates and rates the visual system evaluation provisions of the current domestic disability evaluation criteria represented by the Gradation which used the methods of Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment （hereinafter referred to as GEPI） issued by American Medical Association （AMA）. Through comparing, a good correlation between the provisions in Gradation and whole person impairment rating index in GEPI was shown. On the basis of this, suggestions are put forward to amend some provisions of Gradation, in order to provide reference for the revision and further improvement of domestic standards and provisions.

Objective: To determine the subpopulations of B cells in peripheral blood of syphilis patients, and its association with syphilis status. Methods: Peripheral blood was taken from untreated patients with syphilis (18 cases), syphilitic serofast patients (14 cases), serological cure patients (19 cases) and normal controls (16 cases). Mature and regulatory B cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results: Compared with normal controls, the proportions of CD19+ CD24hi CD38hi regulatory B cells were significantly lower in syphilis patients (versus normal controls, untreated: t=2.10, P0.05). Conclusions: The ratio of B cell subsets is different between syphilis patient and normal controls. Proportion of mature B cells in serofast patients is abnormal, possibly due to serofast.

The laboratory experiments of inclusions in H13 die steel modified by Ca treatment were employed in a vacuum induction furnace and the inclusions were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer in the present study.The evolution of inclusions in H13 steel was analyzed based on thermodynamic calculation.And the component and structure of inclusions in H13 steel after Ca treatment were investigated.The results show that the particle size is modified to tiny and the roundness increases after calcium treatment, the ratio of the sum of cross sectional area of all the inclusions to the total area of the observed view fields decreases.The inclusions change from Si O2-Al2O3to Ca O-Si O2-Al2O3- (MgO) , and all the inclusions are in the1400℃low melting temperature region of the Ca O-Si O2-Al2O3- (MgO) ternary phase diagram at the calcium mass content of 12×10-6.Ca S is unable to form after Ca treatment due to the high T.O content of current steel.The Al2O3in complex inclusions would be totally eliminated as the mass ratio of Ca/T.O reached 0.3.The (Mn, Cr) S precipitated on oxide inclusions is detected, and the morphology of complex inclusions is depended on the degree of segregation of Mn, Cr and S.