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Salinization environment affects the normal growth and development of plants, as well as the microbial community in the rhizosphere. To explore the succession dynamics of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil of Bletilla striata under salt stress condition, we performed 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing to determine the bacterial community composition and diversity of B. striata in the rhizosphere under different salt stress concentrations, measured the effects of salt stress on the growth and development of B. striata and soil physicochemical pro-perties, and analyzed the correlation between community composition of rhizosphere bacteria and the soil environmental factors. The results showed that compared with the control, salt stress reduced growth rate and health degree of B. striata , and significantly decreased the content of soil organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus. Under the salt stress treatment, species diversity and evenness of the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of B. striata showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. There were significant differences in the relative abundance and variation trends of the dominant bacterial taxa in the rhizosphere soil of B. striata at the phylum and class levels between the control and the salt stress treatments. Salt stress intensity and duration were important factors affecting bacterial community composition in the rhizosphere soil of B. striata . Soil organic matter, available nitrogen, and total phosphorus content were key environmental factors affecting the structure of rhizosphere bacterial community composition. Functional genes related to cytoskeleton, cell motility, substance metabolism and signal transduction mechanisms may be involved in the adaptation and stress response of bacterial communities to salt stress. This study would provide theoretical basis and reference for the cultivation management of B. striata in saline area.

Hydropower plant operation changes river habitats in various aspects, and thus affects the community composition of the river ecosystem. As a result, the river health is adversely affected. The influence of a hydropower plant cascade on river continuity is even more pronounced. In this study, benthic macroinvertebrates and environmental factors were sampled from the Jingbohu Hydropower Plant to the Shiyan Hydropower Plant, along the Mudan River, and the influence of a hydropower plant cascade on the longitudinal distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates was analyzed. The results demonstrate that the hydropower plant cascade affected several environmental variables and led to changes in the community composition of benthic macroinvertebrates in the Mudan River. Significant differences were observed between sites upstream and downstream of the hydropower plants, with more sensitive species downstream of the hydropower plants. "Run-of-river" hydropower plants exert less adverse influence on benthic macroinvertebrates than dam-type plants. The influence of hydropower plants decreases along the longitudinal direction of the river, with the density and richness of benthic macroinvertebrates increasing.

Objective: We provided baseline data for oral public health through epidemiological surveys to investigate the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment proportion in 12- to 14-year-old adolescents in Jiangxi province, China., Methods: Multi-stage random cluster sampling was used. A total of 5 387 12- to 14-year-old adolescents were examined by three professional dentists according to Angle's classification of malocclusion. The subjects were recruited from 30 secondary schools in five counties in Jiangxi Province. Results were statistically analyzed by SPSS19.0., Results: The prevalence of malocclusion was 79.67% among adolescents aged 12-14 years in Jiangxi province. The composition ratios of ClassⅠ, Class Ⅱ Division 1, Class Ⅱ Division 2, and Class Ⅲ malocclusion were 30.96%, 16.36%, 12.78%, and 19.13% respectively. ClassⅠmalocclusion had the highest composition ratio, and the most common clinical manifestation of malocclusion was dentition crowding with a prevalence of 91.30%. The prevalence rate of malocclusion was higher in boys than in girls at 81.16% and 78.21%, respectively (P<0.05). This condition had different prevalence rates in Nanchang, Yichun, Jiujiang, Shangrao, and Ganzhou (P<0.05) with the highest in Nanchang and lowest in Ganzhou. Malocclusion was related to caries, and its prevalence rate was higher in patients with caries than in those without caries (P<0.05). The orthodontic rate of malocclusion was 2.63%, and the value was higher for girls than that for boys (P<0.05). The rate of orthodontic in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas (P<0.05)., Conclusions: Compared with local and international findings on malocclusion of adolescents, high prevalence and low orthodontic rate were found in Jiangxi province. Strengthening the combination of prevention and treatment is important for the physical and mental health of adolescents. We should actively conduct oral health education, popularize the knowledge of malocclusion, and actively treat caries.

Objective: To observe the clinicopathologic features and prognostic of patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) superimposed on transplant glomerulopathy (TG+ IgAN). Methods: Electronic medical records of Jinling Hospital were searched for TG+ IgAN patients that was diagnosed during January 2004 to December 2016. Clinicopathologic features and prognoses information were retrieved and analyzed. The primary outcome was initiation of replacement therapy or an eGFR declined to<15 ml·min(-1)·(1.73m(2))(-1). Results: A total of 49 patients with pathologically confirmed TG+ IgAN were enrolled in this study. The median time from renal transplantation to allograft biopsy was 85 months. There were 131 patients with TG in the control group. There was no statistical difference in the age, gender, and immunosuppressive regimen during renal biopsy in the two groups. In TG+ IgAN patients, the median serum creatinine level was 175 μmol/L, the median urinary protein was 1.45 g/24 h, and 16.3% of the patients had nephrotic range proteinuria, the incidence of microscopic hematuria was 40.8%, and the average hemoglobin was 105 g/L. In terms of pathology, the degree of glomerular mesangial matrix hyperplasia in the TG+ IgAN group was significantly heavier compared with TG group ( P= 0.004), and the degree of hyaline degeneration of the small arteries was lighter ( P= 0.043). There was no significant difference in interstitial inflammation (i), tubulitis (t), glomerulitis (g), peritubular capillaritis (ptc) and intimal arteritis (v). Calculated by Kaplan-Meier method, the median survival time of 49 patients with TG+ IgAN was 36.9 months, and there was no difference in survival rate of allografts compared with TG group. Conclusions: Compared with TG patients without IgA, TG+ IgAN patients had higher incidence of microscopic hematuria, more severe glomerular mesangial matrix hyperplasia, and no significant differences in other clinicopathological features. The prognosis of TG+ IgAN patients was not significantly different from those without IgAN.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the oral health service needs and dental treatment among 3-year-old to 5-year-old preschool children in Jiangxi province and provide data to support the development of relevant oral health policies, enhance the oral health service utilization and visit rate, and optimize oral manpower and service resources., Methods: A total of 2 880 preschool children were selected via stratified cluster sampling. Dental examination methods and criteria according to the fourth national oral health epidemiological survey were adopted. Excel 2007 and SPSS 19.0 softwares were used for statistics analysis. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed., Results: The caries prevalence was 49.13% (1 415/2 880) among the 2 880 cases of 3-
year-old to 5-year-old preschool children in Jiangxi province, approximately 53.37% (1 537/2 880) of which possessed oral health service needs. The parents of younger children assessed the oral situation better in older age than in their younger years (P<0.05), which was better in urban children than in rural children (P<0.05). The visiting rate of all the respondents was 12.33% (355/2 880), while the visiting rate of children with oral diseases was 17.31% (266/1 537). The top three reasons why patients did not visit the dentist were as follows: children's teeth have no problem, the teeth damage in teeth was considerably minimal, and primary teeth would be replaced without the need for treatment. The influencing factors included lower visiting rate in females than in males (OR=0.499, 95%CI: 0.411-0.606) and lower visiting rates in rural areas than in urban areas (OR=0.428, 95%CI: 0.353-0.519). Subjects with poor oral health and high oral knowledge scores possessed high dental service visit rates., Conclusions: The prevalence of caries in 3-year-old to 5-year-old preschool children in Jiangxi province is at a lower level than that in the national level. The proportion of the population actively seeking medical services is low, and their main purpose of treatment is to treat rather than prevention. Oral health education should be strengthened, and it should be incorporated to the contents of the kindergarten teacher training program to improve residents' awareness regarding children's oral health.

Objective: To compare the long-term outcomes of arthroscopy and non-surgical therapy in patients with knee synovial plica syndrome (SPS)., Methods: Thirty-one patients with knee SPS undergoing arthroscopic surgery and 27 SPS patients undergoing conservative treatment with articular cavity injection of sodium hyaluronate (control group) were compared for visual pain score (VAS) and the Lysholm score before and after the operation. The patients were followed-up for more than 5 years, and the long-term outcomes were compared using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis., Results: s VAS and the Lysholm scores in both groups were significantly lowered after treatment (P<0.05). The postoperative VAS score was significantly lower while the Lysholm score significantly higher in arthroscopic surgery group than in the control group (P<0.05). Arithmetic mean and the median time of curative effect maintenance were 49 and 43 months in arthroscopic surgery group, as compared with 33 and 29 months in the control group, respectively; the cumulative effect maintenance rate in arthroscopic surgery group was significantly higher than that in the control group (Χ2=4.933, P=4.933)., Conclusion: Arthroscopic treatment produces better therapeutic effect on knee joint SPS and ensures longer long-term therapeutic effect maintenance than conservative treatment.

Objective: The HPLC fingerprint of Lingnan traditional Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum prepared for decoction (LNCD)was established combining with the thin-layer chromatogram of amino acids ( AAD), in order to provide effective and reliable methods for comprehensive evaluation and quality control., Methods: The HPLC fingerprint of 10 batches of LNCD were obtained. Besides,the semi-quantitative and qualitative determination of 10 batches of LNCD on AAD were analyzed by TLC., Results: The mutual mode of HPLC fingerprints was set up. The TLC and the similarities of HPLC fingerprints of LNCD from different processing methods were compared., Conclusion: The method is stable,repeatable and reliable,which provides reference to evaluate the quality of LNCD.

Objective: To compare therapeutic effects between Kirschner wire fixation after early debridement (Kirschner wire group) and staged plate fixation (plate group) in the treatment of open calcaneal fractures., Methods: From January 2001 to May 2008, 55 patients (58 feet) with open calcaneal fractures were reviewed,the mean age was 36.8 years(ranged, 19 to 65 years) and the average visit time was 3 hours (ranged, 30 min to 7 h). All the patients were divided into two groups: Kirschner wire group and plate group. There were 20 males (20 feet) and 9 females (9 feet) in Kirschner wire group, in which 15 feet were type I, 13 feet were type II, 1 foot was type III A according to Gustilo classification and 9 feet were type II, 18 feet were type III, 2 feet were type IV according to Sanders classification. The patients in Kirschner wire group were treated with early debridement, fracture reduction and Kirschner wire fixation, and the soft tissue defects were covered with VSD temporarily, and then were enveloped by skin or flap grafts at the second stage. There were 18 males (19 feet) and 8 females (10 feet) in the plate group, in which 13 feet were type I, 14 feet were type II, 2 feet were type III A according to Gustilo classification and 11 feet were type II,15 feet were type III, 3 feet were type IV according to Sanders classification. The patients in the plate group were treated with early debridement, and plate internal fixation with were performed when the wound became stabilization., Results: Twenty-three feet (15 patients) in the Kirschner wire group and 22 feet (13 patients) in the plate group were followed, the duration ranged from 10 to 36 months, with an average of 24 months. Compared with preoperative ones, the heel height, width, Böhler angle and Gissane angle of calcaneal got improvements. According to AOFAS ankle-foot evaluation system, 11 feet got an excellent result, 8 good in the Kirschner wire group; 2 feet had wound local skin necrosis and cured by dressing; 1 foot had a large area of skin necrosis and deep infection; 1 foot had chronic osteomyelitis. All above 4 feet underwent arthrodesis later. As comparison, 7 feet got an excellent result, 4 good in the plate group; 2 patients had mild complications of wounds; 1 patient had chronic osteomyelitis after early debridement; 10 patients had wound complications after internal fixation, including 7 patients with skin necrosis, superficial infection in 3 patients. There were statistical significant in radiological indicators and AOFAS ankle-foot scores between two groups. But there were no significant differences in early postoperative complications between the two groups., Conclusion: Early debridement and Kirschner wire fixation for the treatment of open calcaneal fractures has fewer early complications, which is a simple, safe and effective method.

Changes in the contents of DNA and RNA, RNA species, the synthesis rates of DNA and RNA, and the activity of DNase and RNase were investigated in the callus of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Willow Leaf) during subculture and differentiation. The contents of DNA and RNA were higher in differentiating callus than that in subcultured callus. After day 12, the contents of DNA and RNA in differentiating callus rose continuously while the contents of DNA and RNA in subcultured callus remained constant. Changes in RNA species and its relationship to total RNA level were also analyzed. At the stage of shoot primordium formation in differentiating callus, the activity of RNase increased markedly and the synthesis rate of RNA increased continuously; while the RNase activity and the synthesis rate of RNA in subcultured callus were much lower during the same period. During the period of shoot growth, the synthesis rate of DNA in differentiating callus was elevated compared to that in subcultured callus. The results above suggested that the metabolism of nucleic acids in differentiating callus was more active than that in subcultured callus.

The composition and stability constants of the host-guest inclusion complexes of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) with fluorouracil (5-Fu) and ftorafur (FT-207) were studied by 19F NMR. The 19F chemical shift changes (delta) of 5-Fu and FT-207 on complexation with beta-CD were used to determine the stoichiometry of these inclusion complexes by Job plot. It was shown that both 5-Fu and FT-207 formed 1:1 inclusion complexes with beta-CD. The stability constants (Kc) of their complexes. with beta-CD, calculated from the slope of linear relation between delta/CCD0 and delta(CCD0 being the initial concentration of beta-CD) were found to be 17.0 +/- 1.7 mol-1.L and 9.0 +/- 0.1 mol-1.L at 40 degrees C respectively. The 19F chemical shifts of these complexes relative to their free forms were also obtained and discussed in terms of the structures of these beta-CD inclusion complexes in aqueous solution.

1H and 13C NMR spectra of d,l- and meso-HM-PAO in different solvents were studied at different resonance frequencies. The 1HNMR spectra of two diastereoisomers are the same in dimethyl sulfoxide and acetone, but different in chloroform. The 13C NMR spectra are different in dimethyl sulfoxide and chloroform. The different 1H and 13C NMR spectra can be used to identify and differentiate these two diastereoisomers. It is also shown that the d,l-HM-PAO stereoisomeric purity in a mixture of these two isomeric forms can be determined with sufficient accuracy by using 13C peak areas or heights of their C(5) and C(7) in a routine noise decoupling 13C spectrum of the mixture.