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Octenyl succinic acid esterification agar (OSAR) and sodium alginate were mixed to form a composite wall material to prepare soybean oil microcapsules. The effects of the proportion of modified agar, core material amount, emulsification temperature and calcium chloride concentration on the oil loading rate of microcapsules were investigated. The effects of the composite wall materials on the embedding yield of soybean oil microcapsules, the properties and morphology of emulsion and microspheres, the in vitro digestion-release rate and the oxidation stability were also studied. The results showed that the oil loading rate of the composite wall material increased first and then decreased with the increase of the proportion of modified agar (OSAR: Alg = 0.5:1 ~ 3:1), and increased significantly and then decreased with the increase of core material content (1%~5%). The oil loading rate of the composite wall material decreased and then levelled off with the increase of emulsification temperature (40~65 °C), and remained constant first and then decreased with the increase of calcium chloride concentration (1%~5%). Compared with pure sodium alginate, the composite wall material (OSAR: Alg=1:1) increased encapsulation efficiency by 27.9%, increased emulsion stability by 56.9%, decreased surface oil content by 60%, increased embedding efficiency by 3.65%, and increased significantly the in vitro digestion-release rate and oxidation stability of the core soybean oil. The obtained microspheres were smaller in size with no holes on the surface and oil loading up to 40.5%. This research showed that octenylsuccinate esterified agar greatly improved the embedding effect of sodium alginate microcapsules, and is suitable for constructing encapsulation and delivery systems for lipophilic substances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]