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Jiucaiping is the largest wild leek flower belt in the world, which is the only wild leek flower reserve in China . In order to explore pollination biology and ecological adaptation of Allium wallichii, we observed the flowering period, flower visitors and nectar, estimated of breeding system by artificial pollination, determined the composition of secondary metabolises in each part by gas chromatography, and detected the significance of bee visiting in two colors by ocean spectometer. The results were as follows: A. wallichii was protandry, the single flowering stage was 7~8 d, and the continuous flowering Lime of inflorescence was 25~28 d. The amount of nectar was (0.61±0.CJ7) μL. Apis cerana was the main effective pollinator. The results of the ocean spectometer showed that purple flower was more significant to bee visiting in leaves. There was a significant difference in flower visit frequency among different flower colors, while there was no difference in single flower visit frequency. When the two colors were present at the same Lime, the bees gave priority to the purple flowers, due to the influence of smell, when visiting purple flowers, most bees also visited adjacent white flowers. The results of secondary metabolites analysis of A. wallichii showed that stems, ovaries and pecticds contained a variety of irritating sulfur metabolites, while the flower organs and nectar had a variety of secondary metabolites of floral fragrance. Its sexual reproduction was self-matting and cross-mating mixed mating system with apomixis. ln summary, there is no pollen restriction of A. wallichii in this area, whose reproductive characteristics have good environmental adaptabilily. This study provides basic information for resource protection and breeding regulation of A. wallichii. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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To investigate the relationship between canopy structure and understory wild flower, the typical method of plant community was applied to research the effect of canopy structure on wild flower in Nanling mountain forest and provide theoretical reference for the garden application of wild flower. The result showed that there were 104 species/hm2 in investigated area, which belonged to 55 families and 92 genuses, in which Indocalamus tessellates, Fissistigma oldhamii and Sinarnndinaria basihirsnta were dominant species; Kruskal-Wallis analysis and regression analysis indicated that leaf area index (LAI), canopy openness (CO) and transmitted diffused light (Tdif) had larger effects on understory wild flower than other canopy structure parameters; The effects of each canopy parameters on wild flower species density of three hues (cold, warm and neutral) had no significant differences, while the species density of three hues decreased at first and increased later with LAI and transmitted total light changing; Multi-Response Permulation Procedure (MRPP) and Indicator Sp eci es An alysis (ISA) revealed that Morinda officinalis and Barthea barthei were the indicative species of both CO and LAI which had stronger responses to change of canopy structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]