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Background In the face of the surge of primary studies within a certain period of time, the traditional time-consuming systematic review method is difficult to provide evidence-based basis for clinical practice. Rapid review (RR), as an extension of systematic review, can integrate existing research in a limited time to meet the need for rapid decision-making. Currently, RR has been widely used in the field of medical research, but its application status remains unclear. Objective To explore the current status and hotspot of RR research by using bibliometric analysis. Method CNKI and WOS databases were searched for the researches in the field of RR application from 2001 to 2023, a visualization analysis was performed on annual publication volume, countries, institutions, authors, journals, and keywords of Chinese and English literature by the bibliometrics software of VOSviewer and CiteSpace. Results A total of 151 articles in Chinese and 1197 in English were included. The publication volume of RR application increased gradually from 2001 to 2023, but the publication volume in foreign was higher than that in China, with more obvious increasing trend. The United Kingdom was the country with the highest publication volume (252), the University of Toronto in Canada was the institution with the highest publication volume (52), and Peking University Third Hospital ranked first in publication volume in China (23). The journal Evaluation and Analysis of Drug-use in Hospitals of China had the highest publication volume in China (22), and the journal BMJ Open had the highest publication volume abroad (42). In China, the author team mainly composed of MEN Peng, ZHAI Suodi and ZHAO Zinan published more research. In foreign, the authors of NUSSBAUMER-STREIT, GARTLEHNER and TRICCO published more studies. The most frequently cited literature in China was mainly about RR application and methodology, rapid assessments of drugs or technologies, and the impact of COVID-19, while the most frequently cited literature in foreign was mainly about the the impact, intervention, and epidemiological factors of COVID-19, or methodological studies of RR. Domestic research hotspots mainly focused on the field of rapid health technology assessment in the safety, efficacy, and cost effectiveness of intervention for chronic or serious diseases. Foreign research hotspots mainly focused on the etiology, intervention, diagnosis, prevention, and impact of COVID-19, and rapid evidence synthesis related to decision-making, such as the safety and effectiveness of the drug intervention in children, health care, cancer treatment or mortality risk in middle-aged and elderly populations. Conclusion At present, there is a great difference in the development of RR application in the medical field at home and abroad. The application of RR in foreign is gradually maturing, but in China, it is still in the preliminary stage. The experience of RR application in foreign can be learned to expand the development of domestic RR application.

BackgroundAviation γ spectrometer, measuring at high-altitude with low background counting rate, is prone to spectral line drift caused by factors such as long stable spectral periods and significant temperature effects due to its low background counting rate, hence seriously affects the accuracy of measurement results.PurposeThis study aims to propose an adaptive derivative-Gaussian joint peak search algorithm so as to quickly find and stabilize the peak value of airborne γ-ray spectrometer in low background environment.MethodsFirstly, the process of derivative peak finding algorithm was optimized so that it automatically determined the peak position, channel address, and left and right boundaries based on limited conditions, achieving adaptive transformation background window width deduction of Gaussian peak finding algorithm. Then, a self-developed miniaturized aviation γ spectrometer was used for flight measurement experiments by mounting it on unmanned aerial vehicle, and temperature changing measurement experiments by placing it in a variable temperature oven. Finally, the adaptive derivative gaussian peak finding results were compared and verified with that of traditional derivative peak-seeking algorithm and traditional gaussian peak-seeking algorithm, to ensure the accuracy of the proposed peak finding results and the efficiency of γ spectral stabilization.ResultsThe actual measurement results show that the adaptive derivative Gaussian joint peak finding algorithm has fast calculation speed and high accuracy. With 1 024 aviation tracks γ, the maximum spectral drift of the 40K peak measured by the energy spectrometer within the range of -20 ℃ to 50 ℃, does not exceed ±3 channels.ConclusionsThis study provides a new spectral stabilization method for the accurate measurement of airborne γ-ray spectrum in low background environment.

ObjectiveTo characterize delayed visits of elderly patients with tuberculosis aged ≥60 years in Anji County， Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2021， and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of tuberculosis in elderly population.MethodsData of elderly patients with tuberculosis in Anji County from 2010 to 2021 were collected through the Tuberculosis Management Information System of National Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine the influencing factors of delayed visits.ResultsA total of 1 191 cases of elderly tuberculosis were reported in Anji County from 2010 to 2021， with an average annual incidence of 112.43/105， showing a decreasing trend （χ2trend=11.297， P=0.001）. The male-to-female ratio was 2.29∶1， the active detection rate was 0.34%， and the pathogen-positive rate was 50.63%. There were 718 cases of delayed hospital visits， with a median delay time of 19 days and a delayed visit rate of 60.29%， showing an increasing trend （χ2trend=6.651， P=0.01）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that local household registration status was a risk factor affecting the delayed visits for elderly tuberculosis patients （OR=1.944， 95%CI：1.388‒2.729）.ConclusionThe elderly patients with tuberculosis are a key population for tuberculosis prevention and control. It is necessary to strengthen early diagnosis and treatment， improve the active detection rate， reduce delayed hospital visits， so as to lower the risk of community transmission.

Objective To investigate the pathogenic gene mutations and clinical characteristics in a patient with compound heterozygote gene mutations in luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) gene. Methods Clinical features, laboratory data and radiologic manifestations were collected. The whole exon was sequenced. Pathogenicity of the mutations was evaluated by using the Mutation Taster, PANTHER software. The relationship of the splice site mutation and the phenotype of the LHCGR gene was investigated by literature review. Results 1)The patient presented with a micropenis.2)The level of gonadotropins was high but level of testosterone was low. 3)Compound heterozygotic mutations including a splicing mutation (c.233+1G＞A) and a missense mutation (c.547G＞A) were identified in LHCGR gene. Both variations were derived from his parents with normal epitope so it was the first case reported in this familiy. 4)The patient had a good response to testosterone therapy. Conclusions LHCGR mutation may cause micropenis. Our report expands the spectrum of clinical manifestations and mutation of LHCGR gene.

It is found that patients with hyperprolactinemia may have impulse control disorder(ICD) when treated with dopamine receptor agonist(DA), such as pathological gambling, high sexual desire, high appetite and forced shopping. This phenomenon also occurs in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) or other neurological diseases treated with dopamine agonists. The pathogenesis may be that DA overstimulates D3 receptor. Drug withdrawal is a well accepted treatment method, which may reach a better catabatic outcome.

Objective To investigate the pathogenic gene mutations and clinical characteristics of type 2 Kabuki syndrome by analyzing a patient with novel splicing KDM6A gene mutation. Methods Clinical features, laboratory data and radiologic manifestations were collected. The whole exon was sequenced. Results 1)Patient presented with typical facial, skeletal and dermatoglyphic abnormalities, and mild intellectual impairment. 2)The main clinical manifestations were central precocious puberty and short stature. 3)Whole exon sequencing peripheral lymphocytes of the patient and of her parents identified a denovo splicing mutation in KDM6A gene. Conclusions KDM6A mutation may cause Kabuki syndrome, central precocious puberty and dwarfism. This case expands the understanding of clinical manifestations and gene mutation in Kabuki syndrome.

Objective To explore and practice“rain classroom” in basic medical teaching. Methods Take the undergraduates majoring in Imaging Technology and Biotechnology in the class of 2018 of Dalian Medical University as the research objects Through questionnaire, the teachers and students' feedback on the wisdom teaching of “rain classroom” was investigated, so as to reflect and summarize the auxiliary teaching of “rain classroom”. Results Students believe that “rain classroom” is helpful to their physiology learning and hope to extend this method to use other courses. The teachers impressed on the “rain classroom” exercise answering system,data collection and analysis function which are helpful to understand the learning outcomes of students quantitatively, evaluate the teaching process and adjust the teaching strategy. Conclusions Under the guideline of “Internet +”, “rain classroom” can improve the quality and efficiency of education , encourage students' autonomous learning, promote students' personalized talents training, and thus support the reform of medical education and teaching methodology.

The effects of transgenic Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac rice (Huahui 1) and its original parent (Minghui 63) the on the growth and development of indian meal moth during storage were studied. The results showed that,transgenic rice with Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac gene has a strong lethal effect on the youth larvae (1st to 3rd instars).Temperature has a significant effect on the development duration and speed of each stage of indian meal moth, and the development period was significantly prolonged after being fed with 2% transgenic brown rice meal. The nonlinear model of temperature-dependent developmental rate showed that the developmental threshold temperature of indian meal moth was 7.40 ℃ to 15.94 ℃, while those fed with 2% transgenic brown rice meal was 4.90 ℃ to 17.36 ℃. Our research can deepen the understanding of ecological safety of Bt transgenic rice in theory, and provide theoretical support for scientific development and utilization of Bt transgenic rice in practice.

Transgenic cry1Ab/cry1Ac rice (Huahui 1) is able to control the stored pest Plodia interpunctella.Our previous study confirmed that the enzymatic activities of three major antioxidases, including POD, CAT,and SOD, could be significantly changed after short-term stressed with these Bt containing rice. This study focused on the characteristics of rice during storage, the results showed that the Bt protein content in rice husk and brown rice was 5.534 μg/g and 1.003 μg/g respectively, and after 270 days at 25 ℃, the degradation rate was 67.3% and 27.7%, respectively. Moreover, the enzymatic activities of three antioxidases in P.interpunctella long-term fed with transgenic cry1Ab/cry1Ac rice powder would be addressed by enzymatic detection assays. Our data showed that the SOD activities could be significantly inhibited by the Bt containing rice after fed with Bt-rice powder for 12 days or 5 months, However, the enzymatic activities of POD and CAT significantly increase with the concentrations of Bt toxins. In addition, the change trend of protective enzyme activity in the Indian Meal Moth fed with transgenic rice flour for 5 months was consistent with that after 12 days of feeding. Our researches find that there are differences in the trend of increase and decrease of the three major protective enzymes after fed with Bt containing rice powder for a long time,which indicates that the expression mechanisms of the three protective enzymes might be different. Our results provide a theoretical basis for the study of toxicology and related resistance mechanism of transgenic Bt crops.

The Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac transgenic crops can effectively control pests. In the present study, the world-wide distribute pest, Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella (Hübener), was taken as the research object. The genes closely related to Bt toxin protein were sequenced using a high-throughput sequencing to reveal the insecticidal mechanism of Bt transgenic rice. The results showed that the de novo assembly generated a total of 37,246 unigenes among of which 23,310 unigenes could be annotated after the transcriptome sequencing was performed on the non stressed population and Bt transgenic rice meal stressed population of Indian rice borer, respectively. Then, 34,466 significantly differentially expressed genes including 15,741 up-regulated genes and 18,725 down-regulated genes were determined by the Reads Per kb per Million reads (RPKM) method. Our database provides powerful tools for transcriptome analysis of P.interpunctella and further understanding of the molecular basis of Bt related mechanisms in P. interpunctella.

Objective To analyze the coupling and coordination relationship between the supply of medical resources and the utilization of medical services in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle from 2016 to 2021, so as to provide reference for optimizing the allocation of medical resources. Methods Based on the comprehensive evaluation index system of medical resources supply and service utilization, a comprehensive evaluation model and a coupling coordination degree model were constructed to analyze the coupling and coordination relationship between medical resources supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle from 2016 to 2021. With the use of exploratory spatial data analysis, the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of medical resources coupling coordination were analyzed. Results From 2016 to 2021, the development levels of medical resources supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle were 0.11-0.13 and 0.14-0.15, respectively, and the relative degree of development changed from shortage of medical resources (0.78) to mutual complement and promotion of development (0.92). However, the proportion of cities subject to lagging supply of medical resources was still large (68.8% in 2021). The level of coupling coordination changed from 0.47 to barely coordinated development. By 2021, only Chongqing and Chengdu had a good coordinated development. The LISA diagram showed that the "high-high" areas increased year by year, and the "cold point" effect disappeared, but there was still a "highland" phenomenon centered on Nanchong. Conclusion The development level of medical resource supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle is stable and rising, but the overall level is low and the regional gap is obvious. The coupling coordination level needs to be further improved, which is mainly limited by the lagging supply of medical resources. The spatial positive correlation of coupling coordination degree is gradually enhanced, but the spatial heterogeneity is still prominent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blunt vertebral artery injury occurs frequently in forensic practice. However, injuries of the vertebral artery are easily ignored or overlooked because of its relatively deep location. Through literatures review, this paper finds that the manners of blunt vertebral artery injury are varied and one or more injury mechanisms may be involved simultaneously. Patients often undergo immediate or delayed cerebral apoplexy as well as compression and injury of surrounding structures, due to direct injury or secondary aneurysm or dissection, resulting in disability or death. Diseases such as, vertebral atherosclerosis and dysplasia can increase the disability and death risk and the difficulty of forensic identification. In forensic identification, the details of the case should be considered. For cases of suspected vertebral artery injury, in addition to routine examination of intracranial segment, attention should be paid to the examination of extracranial segment. If conditions permit, angiography can be used prior to or during the autopsy to improve the identification efficiency and accuracy of opinions.

The ultrafine-palygorskite/copper composites(ultrafine-P/Cu) were prepared by mechanical ball milling. The extreme pressure properties and the effect of load and speed on tribological properties of ultrafine-P/Cu powders, as 150N base oil additive, were evaluated on a four ball friction wear tester. The morphologies, element distributions and micromechanical properties of the worn surface were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicate that ultrafine-P/Cu used as a lubricant additive can effectively improve the tribological properties of base oil. The non-seizure value PB of ultrafine-P/Cu lubricant is increased by 31.6% than the base oil and by 9.1% than the single particles. Load and speed can affect the tribological properties of ultrafine-P/Cu. Ultrafine-P/Cu exhibits the optimum friction-reducing property and anti-wear property at the load of 245N and speed of 1200r/min, respectively. The excellent tribological properties of ultrafine-P/Cu can be attributed to the porous auto-restoration film of palygorskite and extended film of Cu formed on the worn surface to compensate wear and repair friction.

Internal carotid arterial system is the main source of blood supply in brain. In forensic identification practice, blunt injures of internal carotid arterial system usually cause complications such as thrombus, aneurysm and arteriovenous fistula, etc. The deaths following delayed cerebral infarction or intracranial haemorrhage are not rare. At present, literature of deaths caused by blunt injuries of internal carotid arterial system mainly consist of case reports in China. This paper reviews related literature and case reports at home and abroad, and summarizes forensic medical features and identification method of the deaths caused by such injuries. The results show that blunt injures of internal carotid arterial system are related to the direct or indirect force on head and neck, which can result in exceed physiological range traction of head and neck, incision following basicranial fracture, etc. Such injuries are common in the cases as mechanical asphyxia, cervical manipulation, traffic accident and fall, etc. The artery should be examined carefully, and the relationship among injury, disease and death should be analysed correctly when no cause of infarction and hemorrhage was found in routine examination of such cases in forensic pratice. Because of the difficulty for exposing the artery completely in autopsy, angiography can be used to infer the location when necessary for improving the scientificity and reliability of the appraisal conclusion.

Polylactic acid (PLA) can be completely degraded into carbon dioxide and water under certain conditions without causing damage to the environment. It is widely considered to replace traditional petroleum-based materials. However, PLA has the disadvantages of high brittleness and low flexibility, which limits its application in the field of high toughness. The toughening modification of PLA was mainly discussed from the aspects of elastomers, flexible polymers, inorganic materials and plasticizers. The research progress of PLA blending toughening at home and abroad in recent years was reviewed. It is pointed out that the focus of future research is to develop low-cost toughening modifiers with excellent comprehensive performance and environmental protection, so that PLA can meet more application fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advancement of medical technology and the development of human society, the incidence of chronic heart failure is increasing and has become a serious threat to human health. Many patients with chronic heart failure often suffer from sleep disorder, which in turn worsens the condition of patients with chronic heart failure. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in the treatment of chronic heart failure with sleep disorder. Chronic heart failure with sleep disorder is a common "psycho-cardiological disease". In this paper, we discuss the relationship between the theory of "heart storing the spirit" and chronic heart failure with sleep disorder by explaining the theory of "heart storing the spirit" in TCM and combining the understanding of chronic heart failure with sleep disorder in western medicine. Under the guidance of theories of TCM and the simultaneous treatment of psychocardiological disease, the main therapeutic principles are to nourish the heart and calm the mind, invigorate blood and dissolve stasis, and soothe the liver and resolve constraint. We analyze and summarize its efficacy and advantages, so as to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure with sleep disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of problem of differences in tendency of coal spontaneous combustion at different regions in goaf, data of measured points were classified by using division method of spontaneous combustion 'three zones' in goaf based on fuzzy clustering analysis and differences of each classification under different λ-intercept matrix were analyzed. Analysis results showed that the data can be divided into different categories by different values of λ; in a certain range, original categories will be divided into smaller subclasses with increasing of value of λ; when value of λ increases, data of measured points in areas close to working face can be divided into smaller subclasses more easily and data of measured points in areas far from working face are stable, so environmental properties in goaf far from working face are relatively stable and forepart changes greatly; the categories to optimal λ calculated by F-statistics uniform with division of 'three zones' in goaf.

in order to investigate the complex combustion process of me tai pat tides, a 25 kHz high-speed dig tai off-axis Ohio-graphic imaging system was built to study the tote-resolved threadiest visualization of typical phenomena of particles during Al/AP/HTTP propellant combustion. The typical combustion phenomena of AI pat tides in propellant combustion were analyzed by 3RD visualization, including the faking of particles on he combustion surface of propellant, the MicroVAX of pat tide clusters, and the existence of wake flame surface of burning pat tides. Time-resolved threadiest reconstruction of he observed aluminum pat tides is performed by highs affairs holography as we ii. The results show that affairs holography technique eliminates the interference of twin images and can obtain dear reconstructed images of pat tides. tbs in depend-en fly configured reference tight largely eliminates he influence of flame on bight propagation and effectively suppresses he Abe-ration caused by the sharp change of refractive index around the pat tides. The high-speed off-axis holography has strong precut-cavity and broad application prospers in the visualization and diagnosis of solid propellant combustion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the conditions of powder bentonite-steel slag forming, the composite adsorption particles were prepared from calcium-based bentonite and steel slag with the help of cross-linking of sodium alginate and calcium chloride. The post-adsorption morphology, elemental and physical phases of the composite particles were characterized by SEM-EDS and XRD analysis. The effect of composite adsorption particles on the adsorption of Cu (11) at different slag mass ratios, dosing amounts, pH, temperature and initial concentration was investigated by static adsorption experiments. The results showed that the removal rate of Cu(II) reached 92.95% at a compound particle dosage of 30 g/L, pH 5.2 and an initial Cu(II) concentration of 100 mg/L. The kinetics of Cu(II) adsorption by the composite particles is in accordance with the proposed first-order kinetic model, the adsorption thermodynamics is in accordance with the Lang-muir adsorption isotherm model, and the thermodynamically relevant parameters indicate that the adsorption of Cu(II) by the composite particles is a spontaneous, heat-absorbing procees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to realize the high-value utilization of protein resources in sesame meal, the production process of protein peptide from sesame meal solid-state fermented by Monascus purpureus was optimized. On the basis of single factor experiment, the orthogonal experiment with three factors and three levels was designed to optimize the solid-state fermentation process with the fermentation time, water content and temperature as the influencing factors and the peptide yield as the investigated indicator. The results showed that the factors affecting the protein peptide yield produced from sesame meal solid-state fermented by Monascus purpureus were in order of water content, incubation time and temperature. The optimal fermentation process was the fermentation time of 6 d, water content of 50%, and temperature of 31 °C, and the yield of peptide was 14.95% after the verification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A bacterial strain was isolated from the lungs of weaned pigs in the infected intensive pig farm in Fujian Province. According to the morphological observation, biochemical test, cultural characteristics, PCR identification and animal challenge test of the isolated bacteria, and combined with the clinical symptoms and pathological changes of the infected pigs, it was indicated that the isolated bacteria was partial to anaerobic Streptococcus, which had the characteristics of good culture on blood plate and could cause the disease and death of mice. The drug sensitivity test showed that the isolated Streptococcus was highly sensitive to vancomycin, imipenem, linezolid and rocephin, and was moderately sensitive to amoxicillin, florfenicol, cefotaxime, macrodantin and tigecycline, while was not sensitive to the drugs such as cardoxycycline, polymyxin, penicillin, streptomycin, and enrofloxacin. According to the results of drug sensitivity, the pig farm should take emergency prevention and control measures, and the epidemic could be effectively controlled 5 days later. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HPLC was used to determine the content of ferulic acid in Chuanxiong toothpaste and TLC was used to identify the Chuanxiong in the toothpaste. The content of active ingredients extracted from Traditional Chinese medicine by decocting water was high, and the corresponding toothpaste had a good hemostatic effect. The identification by use of thin layer chromatography (TLC) showed with clear spots and strong specificity for both the test product and the control product (angelinolactone A) as observed under ultraviolet light (254 nm) with n-hexane-ethyl acetate (3:1) as the developing agent, which could be used as the basis for the qualitative identification of Chuanxiong toothpaste. The ferulic acid in the range of 0.019 3-0.481 7 µg·mL-1 showed a good linear relationship with the peak area and the recovery rate of sample was between 99.5% and 101.2%. This method was simple, stable and reliable, and could be used as the quality control method for ferulic acid in Chuanxiong toothpaste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ridge-furrow irrigation is wildly used in crop production. Few studies focus on the interaction effect of furrow irrigation methods and nitrogen supply method on crops, especially for root distribution. In this study, the coupling effects of different furrow irrigation and nitrogen supply methods on growth and distribution of root and yield for maize were investigated. Ridge-furrow irrigation was conducted in field in 2011 with spring maize of Jinsui4. Three furrow irrigation and N-fertilizer supply methods were designed including alternate, fixed and conventional furrow irrigation, and alternate, fixed and conventional nitrogen supply. Each treatment was replicated three times and the plot was layout by complete randomized design. The root length and weight beneath the plant canopy, south and north of the plant in the soil layers of 0-100 cm were measured at the growth stages of tasseling, filling and maturity with sampling at 20 cm as an interval. Grain yield was also measured at the harvest. The results showed that only root length and the total dry weight of the plant in the south were significantly influenced by nitrogen supply methods. The total root length and root length of the plant in north was influenced by the interaction of irrigation and nitrogen supply methods. The total root length of plants under the alternate furrow irrigation was kept larger in the growth period. Meanwhile, under the alternative furrow irrigation and conventional N-supply, the root length of the plant in north, south and beneath the canopy in the soil layer of 0-100 cm, as well as total root length and total root surface area at the filling stage were larger, thereby resulted in highest yield of 11 524 kg/ hm². In contrast, total root length as well as yield of fixed furrow irrigation with fixed nitrogen supply was smallest. The root length under the plant in the soil layer of 0-100 cm of the alternate furrow irrigation with alternate nitrogen supply was as large as the alternate furrow irrigation with conventional nitrogen supply. The root length ratio in the soil layer of 0-40 cm to 0-100 cm was larger under different treatments and the largest one was found in the treatment of alternate furrow irrigation combined with conventional nitrogen supply. The results suggested that root growth and distribution are more susceptible to irrigation methods. Regulation for root growth and distribution of maize through different irrigation and nitrogen supply methods should be mainly in the soil layer of 0-40 cm. Yield and root growth of maize can improved by alternate furrow irrigation with conventional nitrogen supply but inhibited by fixed furrow irrigation with fixed nitrogen supply. Alternate furrow irrigation with alternate nitrogen supply is only inferior to alternate furrow irrigation with conventional nitrogen supply in improving the yield and root growth of maize, but superior to the other treatments. Thus, alternate furrow irrigation combined with conventional nitrogen supply is considered an optimum coupling pattern of irrigation and nitrogen supply method under the ridge-furrow irrigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The physical models from the supermarket scale, open vertical refrigerated display cabinet to the shelf scale were built based on the system multiscale method, and the fluid flow and heat transfer character of three different scales were analyzed. The computational results showed the temperature and velocity fields had very good agreement among three scales. The average deviations of temperature and air velocity for the second shelf were 1.31 °C and 0.2 m/s, respectively. The multiscale method of the proposed system could correctly predict the temperature and velocity distribution from the supermarket space to inside of refrigerated display cabinet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, the heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of fin-tube heat exchangers of circular-tube, equal-diameter elliptic-tube and equal-diameter elliptic-tube with delta winglets longitudinal vortex was presented based on the numerical simulation. The result showed that the temperature and velocity field of equal-perimeter elliptic-tube fin heat exchanger more uniform, and its heat transfer performance was the best, and the Nu number of equal-diameter elliptic-tube fin heat exchanger was the largest, which was 2.2% ~ 6. 1% higher than that of circular-tube heat exchanger with delta winglets, 6.5% ~8.3% higher than that of equal-radius elliptic-tube heat exchanger and with delta winglets and 29.1% ~ 33.5% higher than that of flat fin-tube heat exchanger. Considering from the overall performance, the delta winglets longitudinal vortex oval fin-tube heat exchanger fit for moderate and high Reynolds numbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The content of α-linolenic acid varied in different germplasm resources and different seed developmental stages in peanut oil. Oneα-linolenic acid synthesis related gene ω-3Δ15 fatty acid dehydrogenase gene, AhFAD3A was cloned from cotyledonary tissues of peanut germinating seeds using RACE and bioinformatics analysis. Its expression patterns were analyzed in different tissues and different period of seed developmental stages by the fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR method between two α- linolenic acid synthesis genes, AhFAD3A and AhFAD8. The results showed that: AhFAD3A gene was mainly expressed in leaf, root and young seed tissue during the period of flowering, and relatively low expression was found in the other developmental stages. This result verified that the gene expression was positively correlated to the formation of α-linolenic acid in seed. AhFAD8A gene was expressed in the green tissue during the whole growth stage of peanut, not detected in non optical tissues. These results laid a foundation for further research in determining the function of AhFAD3A gene, its expression regulation and its relationship with the formation ofα-linolenic acid in seed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Partial root-zone irrigation can stimulate the compensation effect of root water uptake at the irrigated zone. Plants can compensate for water stress in one part of the root zone by taking up water from other parts of the root zone where water is available. This study aimed to identify the dynamics and influencing factors of the compensation effect of maize roots (Zea mays L. hybrid cv. Aoyu No. 3007) under partial root zone irrigation. With the split-root technology, we conducted a hydroponic experiment to analyze the root zone water stress that was simulated by the osmotic potential of a nutrient solution (PEG-6000). There were 3 water stress levels, −0.2 (mild water stress), −0.4, −0.6 MPa (moderate water stress), and a control treatment (control, both sides of the root zone supplied with sufficient water). The root growth and hydraulic conductance of each root zone were measured at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 d after the experiment started. Within 0.25 d after the experiment start, the total hydraulic conductance and the hydraulic conductance per root length between the two root zones in all three treatments and control were not significantly different (P>0.05) if the water stress was less than −0.6 MPa. When the partial water stress lasted more than 0.25 d, the total hydraulic conductance and the hydraulic conductance per root length in stressed root zone were lower (P<0.05) than that in the non-stressed root zone. Compared with non-stressed root zone, the reduction rate of root hydraulic conductance in the stressed root zone was significantly (P<0.05) increased with the increase in partial water stress degree and duration. At five days, compared to the root hydraulic conductance per root length in the non-stressed root zone, the corresponding value in the stressed root zone for the treatments −0.2, −0.4 and −0.6 MPa decreased by 32.70%, 49.90% and 50.97%, respectively. Within 0.25 d after the experiment start, for the treatment −0.4 and −0.6 MPa, the total hydraulic conductance in the stressed root zone reduced by 20% and 30% compare with the treatment −0.2 MPa. Twelve hours after the experiment start, the hydraulic conductance per root length in the non-stressed root zone for the treatment −0.2 MPa increased by 10.11% compared to control, and recovered to control level after 1 d. On the ninth day, the hydraulic conductance per root length in the non-stress root zone for the treatment −0.4 MPa (25.08×10-11 m2/(MPa·s)) was significantly greater (P<0.05) than that for control, indicating this treatment had an obvious compensation effect on root water uptake. However, the corresponding value for the treatment −0.6 MPa reduced by 19.05%-40.11% after 0.5 d, which recovered to the level of control after 5 d. The results indicated that the compensation effect of root water uptake in the non-stress zone can be effectively stimulated. The compensation effect started to occur at 0.5 d after the experiment start and was affected by the degree and duration of the water stress. −0.4 MPa was the threshold of partial root zone water stress for effectively stimulating compensatory effect of root water absorption in non-stressed root zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the problem of co-channel interference (CCI) in downlink 3D (Three Dimension) MU-MIMO(Multi-user Multiple Input Multiple Output) system, a precoding method based on Khatri-Rao product is proposed. Firstly, outline codebook is designed, and then the user selects the best horizontal dimension precoding codeword and vertical dimension precoding codeword respectively, and feeds back to the base station, finally base station constructs 3D precoding matrix according to the proposed Khatri- Rao product and processes different users' data. Both theoretical analysis and simulations indicate that the proposed method can not only match the authentic channel state information (CSI) but also effectively suppress the co-channel interference and improve system bit error rate (BER) performance. The research in this paper has a certain reference value for the system optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metabolic diseases such as hyperlipoidemia, atherosclerosis, and osteoporosis have seriously threatened human health. The shape, physiological function and biochemical metabolism of the tree shrew arc extremely similar to those of mankind. The distinctive property of the tree shrew in the lipid metabolism is likely to have obvious advantage in the research of metabolic diseases. This paper reviews the progresses the use of the tree shrew in metabolic diseases in recent years, aiming at demonstrating various types of metabolic diseases in tree shrew models, and further providing a reference for later research of bone metabolic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]