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A COnstellation of Radiation BElt Survey (CORBES) program is proposed by the Sub-Group on Radiation Belt (SGRB) of TGCSS, COSPAR. To address the open qustions about the dynamics of the Earth’s radiation belt, CORBES mission would use a constellation of small/CubeSats to take an ultra-fast survey of the Earth’s radiation belt. The concept, science objectives and preliminary technical design of CORBES are introduced. This mission is an international multilateral cooperation mission coordinated by COSPAR. The SGRB Science Activities and COSPAR HQs Coordinate Activities on CORBES are summaried.

Owing to historical reasons and investment restrictions, China’s aerospace industry initially focused on space technology and application, with insufficient emphasis on space science; therefore, space science, technology, and application developed independently. The development of space technology should be deeply integrated into space science and application, thus to strengthen China’s aerospace industry and create new opportunities and achievements. This study explores the implications of space science, space technology, and space application and clarifies their interrelationships. Moreover, it systematically analyzes the development trend in space science, technology, and application worldwide and reviews the development situation of space-related fields in China. Based on this, it examines the necessity for coordinating the development of space science, technology, and application in China and summarizes the major challenges. Considering their overlapping needs and mutual promotion, space science, technology, and application should be coordinated throughout the process of planning, deployment, and implementation. First, the advantages of the new national system should be exploited to conduct top-level planning under unified management. Second, the innovation-driven development strategy should be insisted to promote the international competitiveness of China’s aerospace industry through technological progress. Third, basic research in the space field should be strengthened and high-level scientists and engineers should be cultivated. Lastly, resource planning and coordination should be strengthened to promote the rational opening and full utilization of space application data.

Existing protocol recognition methods cannot effectively extract the temporal and spatial characteristics of protocol data,which leads to low accuracy of protocol recognition.An application layer protocol recognition method based on one dimensional residual network and recurrent neural network is proposed.The proposed model consists of one dimensional preactivated residual network(PreResNet) and bidirectional gated recurrent neural network(BiGRU).The PreResNet is used to extract spatial characteristics of the protocol data,and the BiGRU is used to extract temporal characteristics of the protocol data.The attention mechanism is used to extract the key features related to protocol recognition to improve the accuracy of protocol recognition.The proposed method firstly extracts the application layer protocol data from network traffic,and the data is preprocessed and transformed into one dimensional vectors.Then the classification model is trained with the training data and a mature protocol recognition model is obtained.Finally,the trained classification model is used to identify the application layer protocols.Experimental results on public dataset ISCX2012 show that the proposed protocol recognition model has an overall accuracy of 96.87% and an average F value of 96.81%,which are higher than those of other protocol recognition models.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common hip disease that seriously affects children's growth, impairing limb development and quality of life. Early diagnosis and treatment of DDH are crucial. Magnetic resonance imaging provides rich morphological information of the hip during development. Clinically DDH is usually diagnosed by visual inspection of the medical images, thus requiring high professional expertise of the doctors. In this work, a quantitative morphological evaluation method for examining the hip images and diagnosing DDH in children is proposed. This method evaluates morphological parameters of the hip quantitatively by automatically measuring the morphological parameters relevant to DDH pathological changes. The magnetic resonance images were first preprocessed, followed by segmentation of the femur and pelvis. A three-dimensional (3D) model of the hip joint was then reconstructed, which was then used to measure the center-edge angle (CEA), acetabular index (AI) and femoral neck anteversion (FNA)'s automatically with algorithms such as thickness search, 3D Hough transform, and least squares fitting. The quantitative morphological evaluation method developed may have great value in preliminary screening of DDH in children, formulation of surgical plans, and longitudinal follow-ups after DDH surgery.

With chitosan mass fraction changing from 0% to 50% by 5%, relative to collagen mass, the collagen-chitosan scaffolds were crosslinked by γ-irradiation and EDC/NHS. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and SEM were applied to analyze the structure. Water absorption rate, porosity, collagenase degradation and mechanical property were used to detect the properties. The effects of γ-irradiation and EDC/NHS modification on the properties of scaffolds were studied. The results show that both γ-irradiation and EDC/NHS modification induce crosslinking in collagen-chitosan scaffolds and chitosan greatly reduce the damage to molecular structure caused by γ-irradiation.The microstructure crosslinked by γ-irradiation is worse than those crosslinked by EDC/NHS. The optimal chitosan mass fraction is 25% for both γ-irradiation and EDC/NHS. γ-irradiation and EDC/NHS scaffold modification can lead to orientation structure.

BACKGROUND In the Western Yunnan, there is an abundance of low-grade gold resources with uneven grain size, complicated ore structure and incomplete separation. Using the traditional mineralogical analysis process, it is difficult to achieve accurate and rapid determination of the occurrence of gold and the inlay characteristics of gold-bearing minerals. OBJECTIVES To study the mineralogy process of polymetallic gold ores in Western Yunnan. METHODS:The mineral composition, dissemination size, and inclusions characteristics of gold ores were analyzed, and the effect of mineralogical properties of gold-bearing minerals on the recovery of gold was determined. The X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer and eight-lamp flame graphite furnace integrated Atomic Absorption Spectrometer were used for the analysis of ore properties, and the ore samples were analyzed by Mineral Liberation Analysis. RESULTS The results show that gold is mainly in the form of free gold, with superfine dissemination size of gold minerals, mainly concentrated on the 0.01 mm to 0.02 mm granularity level. Gold smaller than 0.074 mm presents as free monomer natural gold, which accounts for 50.08% of the total gold. Other gold occurs as inclusions in pyrite, magnetite and chalcopyrite. However, the gold-bearing minerals have small grain size, poor dissociation, and uneven embedding. CONCLUSIONS Increasing the dissociation degree of major gold-bearing minerals is an important method for increasing gold recovery.

Objective To compare the clinical effect on dental implant with minimally invasive flapless surgery of immediate implantation in maxillary anterior zone.Methods Sixty patients were divided into observation group and control group. The observation group was given with flapless surgery during immediate implant, the control group used traditional flap surgery immediate implant. The patients were followed up 3, 6, 12 months and compared the pink aesthetic index、alveolar bone absorption level and the satisfaction index.Results The pink aesthetic index was significantly higher than that in control group in 3, 6 and 12 month (P

In view of problem that common ip-iq harmonic current detection method cannot consider filtering effect and real-time performance simultaneously because of using digital low-pass filter, the paper put forward a kind of improved method using mathematical morphological filter to instead of digital low-pass filter. Through selecting proper structure elements, a low-pass morphological filter was designed combining with basic morphological operations. The simulation results showed that the real-time performance of improved method is better than the one of common harmonic detection method under ensuring detection accuracy, which has certain reference and practical value.

In view of problem of bad effect of image collected by industrial endoscope because of special application place, the paper proposed an image fusion algorithm based on multi-scale wavelet transform and different fusion operators. Firstly, it made wavelet transform for source image, then used simple average algorithm to fuse low frequency coefficients which represents approximate information and used dynamic weighting average algorithm based on local deviation to fuse high frequency coefficients which represent detail information. Finally, it made inverse wavelet transform of processed low and high frequency coefficients to get fused image. The experiment result showed that the algorithm improves image processing effect with better image parameters comparing with other algorithms.

This paper focuses on a case of missed action of microcomputer protection for traction power supply under fault conditions. It conducts an in-depth study on the causes of missed action through analysis of locomotive protection and microcomputer protection from multiple angles and for the whole system. It analyzes the vehicle mechanism, the catenary, the fixed values of traction protection, the matching logic of fixed values, and the operation situation of primary and secondary equipment, through such methods as calculation, logical deduction and simulation testing. On this basis, it identifies the causes of missed action through analysis, and corrects the existing problems in operation. Moreover, it provides theoretical support for operation and maintenance in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2024, the Chinese Meridian Project (CMP) completed its construction, deploying 282 instruments across 31 stations. This achievement not only provides a robust foundation but also serves as a reference template for the International Meridian Circle Program (IMCP). The IMCP aims to integrate and establish a comprehensive network of ground-based monitoring stations designed to track the propagation of space weather events from the Sun to Earth. Additionally, it monitors various disturbances generated within the Earth system that impact geospace. Over the past two years, significant progress has been made on the IMCP. In particular, the second phase of construction for the China-Brazil Joint Laboratory for Space Weather has been completed, and the North Pole and Southeast Asia networks are under active construction. The 2024 IMCP joint observation campaign was successfully conducted. To facilitate these developments, the scientific program committee of IMCP was established, following the success of 2023 IMCP workshop and the space weather school, which was co-hosted with the Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization (APSCO) and sponsored by Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics (SCOSTEP). Preparations are now underway for the 2024 workshop in collaboration with the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) in Brazil.

Promoting the application of new energy technologies in marine ports is an important way to realize the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals and achieve the sustainable development of ports in China. This study summarizes the current situation and trends of energy consumption in marine ports of China and analyzes the basic attributes of the application of new energy technologies in marine ports from three dimensions: economical efficiency, demand, and maturity; it involves ffshore wind power, photovoltaic power generation, hydrogen energy, tidal energy, and biomass energy. Factors that constrain the application of new energy technologies in China’s marine ports are further discussed from three aspects: technology, economical efficiency, and technological policy. Our research indicates that the mismatch between the development level and application needs of new energy technologies, lack of centralized technology-developmentplatforms, inadequate profit models, and imperfect standards and policies collectively constrain the application of new energy sources in marine ports of China. Therefore, we propose the following suggestions: (1) establishing a collaborative research and development system for key core technologies to overcome technical difficulties and reduce application costs, (2) issuing guidance on multi-energy integration networks for ports to establish a multi-energy-complementary energy supply system, (3) optimizing the incentive mechanism for the application of new energy technologies in ports to enhance the enthusiasm of ports to apply new energy sources, and (3) improving the standards and norms for renewable energy application in ports to build a novel energy-storage supporting mechanism.

Objective·To explore the correlation among perceived social support, rehabilitation self-efficacy and rehabilitation exercise adherence of in-patients after hip/knee arthroplasty, and examine the mediating role of rehabilitation self-efficacy in the correlation between perceived social support and rehabilitation exercise adherence.Methods·A convenience sampling method was used, and 141 post-total hip/knee arthroplasty inpatients in the bone and joint ward of the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changhai Hospital) from October 2021 to February 2023 were selected as the study subjects. The general demographic data, such as age and gender, and the information of disease and operation were assessed by using General Data Questionnaire. The adherence to rehabilitation exercise in patients after hip/knee arthroplasty was assessed by using the Rehabilitation Exercise Adherence Scale (REAS); the self-efficacy of rehabilitation exercise was assessed by using the Self-Efficacy for Rehabilitation Outcome Scale (SER); the social support level of individual subjective feelings of the patients was assessed by using the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS). Pearson's correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between the variables, and Bootstrap method was used to investigate the mediating role of rehabilitation self-efficacy in the correlation between perceived social support and rehabilitation exercise adherence.Results·A total of 167 questionnaires were distributed and 141 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a valid recovery rate of 84.4%. The age range of the 141 patients after hip/knee arthroplasty was 26‒84 years old, and the average age was (64.75±10.74) years old. The total score of SER of the patients after hip/knee arthroplasty was (100.45±21.71), the total score of PSSS was (68.29±10.89), and the total score of REAS was (11.93±2.29). Pearson's correlation analysis results showed that there was a significant correlation between SER score and PSSS score, SER score and REAS score, and PSSS score and REAS score in patients after hip/knee arthroplasty. The mediation effect analysis showed that the indirect effect of perceived social support on rehabilitation exercise adherence was significant (effect value 0.033, 95%CI 0.017‒0.058, P0.05).Conclusion·Perceived social support positively predicts rehabilitation exercise adherence, and rehabilitation self-efficacy fully mediates the correlation. Direct intervention in rehabilitation self-efficacy is superior to moderating the level of perceived social support.

Objective The current secondary positioning system of urban rail transit train beacons has a positioning accuracy of 300 meters, failing to meet the high-precision positioning requirements of wireless environment monitoring grid. Additionally, GPS (global positioning system) and the Beidou Satellite Navigation System are not suitable for underground rail positioning. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on continuous positioning technology for urban rail transit CBTC (communication-based train control) wireless environment monitoring grid. Method Building on the existing urban rail transit train beacon secondary positioning system, an inertial navigation technology enhanced by beacon-assisted training is adopted. By utilizing a multi-sensor fusion positioning algorithm, the sensor data from the inertial navigation module is integrated with the beacon data from the ATS (automatic train supervision) system, thus achieving the continuous positioning of wireless environment monitoring grid in urban rail transit. Additionally, a regression prediction algorithm is used for offline model training to enhance the accuracy of continuous positioning for the urban rail transit wireless environment monitoring grid. Result & Conclusion The proposed methods can achieve continuous and real-time positioning of wireless environment monitoring grid, supporting CBTC wireless environment monitoring grid in tunnels, beneath elevated structures, and in complex environments where metro train passing through areas with tall buildings and tree cover. The positioning accuracy reaches 10 m, meeting the positioning requirements of the CBTC wireless environment monitoring system, and fully ensuring the safety of the urban rail transit CBTC signaling system.

Milk is an excellent medium for the growth of microorganisms, which is easily contaminated by microorganisms from the environment. Psychrophilic bacteria are the most common microorganisms in cold-stored raw milk. Moreover, psychrophilic bacteria produce heat-resistant proteases and lipases in low-temperature environments, which remain active even after heat treatment, and decompose proteins and fats in liquid milk during storage, thereby affecting the quality of milk. The counting method for psychrophilic bacteria in milk specified by the agricultural industry standard of China takes 10 days to culture samples at 6.5 ℃ for 10 days, which is time-consuming and has low application value in actual production. Therefore, the development of detection technologies for psychrophilic bacteria and their heat-resistant enzymes is very important for ensuring the quality of milk and dairy products. This article reviews a variety of methods for the identification and analysis of psychrophilic bacteria in milk, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and loop-mediated isothermal amplification. It provides a reference for the development of new detection technologies for psychrophilic bacteria in milk.

Objective Debris flow from the Hanjia gully develops on the left bank of the source area of the Fujiang River, Fenghe Village, Xiaohe Town, Songpan County, China. In recent years, debris flows have occurred frequently, and the largest debris flow occurred in August 2022, which seriously threatened the lives and properties of villagers in the Hanjia gully. Existing prevention and control engineering methods have decreased in effectiveness or even become ineffective. Currently, researchers have set a variety of extreme rainfall conditions and used FLO-2D to analyze the hazards of debris flow, based on which the governance effect of debris flow prevention and control engineering can be evaluated. However, there are few reports on how to improve the prevention and control engineering and evaluate the effect of the improved prevention and control engineering when the existing prevention and control engineering is ineffective. Methods To reduce damage to the Hanjia gully, the characteristics as well as prevention and control status of the debris flow in/from this gully were determined using remote sensing interpretation, field investigation, and FLO-2D numerical simulation; subsequently, improved prevention and control engineering was proposed. The hazard of debris flow before and after the improvements in prevention and control engineering under different rainfall frequencies were studied to analyze the effectiveness of the improved prevention and control engineering. Results The results show that the Hanjia gully is located in the "8.8" Jiuzhaigou earthquake disturbance area, the static reserves of post-earthquake landslides and collapses are about 49.79 × 104 m3, and the debris flow sources are abundant, which leads to frequent debris flow during heavy rainfall. The high-hazard area is concentrated in the No. 1 retaining dam, and Fenghe Village and Pingsong Highway are in the low-hazard area under a rainfall event occurring every 10 years, and the existing prevention and control engineering can effectively prevent the debris flow disaster. Under a rainfall event occurring once in 50 years, Fenghe Village is in the high-hazard area of debris flow. The debris flow rushes out of the drainage channel and destroys the Pingsong Highway. The maximum mud depth in the accumulation area increases from 1.41 m to 3.14 m, the maximum velocity increases from 2.4 m/s to 3.65 m/s, and the accumulation area increases from 0.28 × 104 m2 to 5.41 × 104 m2. However, the existing prevention and control engineering methods cannot meet these requirements. After adopting improved prevention and control engineering, such as multistage retaining dams and cutting and straightening of drainage channels, the flow velocity of the debris flow in front of the two additional retaining dams becomes lower than that before the improvement, and the depth of mud in front of the additional retaining dams becomes higher than that before the improvement. The maximum velocity of the debris flow within 100 m of Dam No. 3 decreases by 29%, and the maximum mud depth increases by 413%. The maximum flow velocity in the first 100 m of Dam No. 2 decreases by 21%, the maximum mud depth increases by 175%, the maximum mud depth in the accumulation area is 3.9 m, and the maximum flow velocity is 3.4 m/s. The accumulation volume of debris flows is reduced by 50.2%, and the accumulation area is reduced by 86%. Conclusion Improved prevention and control engineering can effectively reduce the solid mass of debris flows and guide debris flow to discharge along drainage channels. The high-hazard area of the debris flow is concentrated in the drainage channel, and the control effect of the debris flow is remarkable. Significance The research results provide a scientific method for evaluating the effectiveness of debris-flow control engineering improvements and offer technical support for local debris-flow early warning systems.

Abstract [Objective] The purpose of this study is to examine the role of the DXR gene, encoding 1-deoxy- D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase, in monoterpenoids synthesis in lilac (Syringa oblata), and to provide genetic resources and theoretical basis for the molecular breeding of floral fragrance of lilac. [Methods] Firstly, the SoDXR gene was cloned. Then, bioinformatics and subcellular localization analysis were performed, and qRT-PCR was used to analyze the gene expression patterns in different floral development stages and tissues. Finally, transient overexpression of SoDXR in the petals of snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) was detected. [Results] ORF of SoDXR was 1 425 bp, encoding 474 amino acids. SoDXR protein contained the conserved domain of DXP_reductoisom, which had a similarity of up to 95% with Osmanthus fragrans and Olea europaea. Subcellular localization analysis showed that the protein was mainly located in the plastids, consistent with the software prediction. With flowering, the expression level of SoDXR was increased and then decreased, with the highest expression in the initial opening stage. SoDXR was differentially expressed in various tissues with the highest in petals and the lowest in stems. Transient overexpression revealed that the expression of SoDXR was higher than the control. Moreover, the main floral volatile components in snapdragon petals, myrcene and ocimene, were increased by 15.03 and 4.83 times, respectively. [Conclusion] The SoDXR gene positively regulates monoterpenoids synthesis in lilac, and may play an important role in the synthesis of secondary metabolites of floral fragrance.

The bonding performance of CFRP-steel joints between carbon fiber reinforced polymer （CFRP） plate and steel is seriously affected by marine environment. In order to evaluate the bonding strength of CFRP-steel joints exposed to marine environment， a double-lap shear joint on five specinmens with different bonding lengths were corroded for 7 to 21 days in the NaCl solution. The technique of digital image correlation （DIC） was applied to measure the normal strain distribution on the surface of CFRP. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） and energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS） were used to observe microscopic information and monitor element content changes of CFRP surface. The results show that the contents of Na+ and Cl- on the CFRP surface are increased with the increase of corrosion period， which induces charge compensation. Electrolyte penetration into the interface leads to free volume expansion， resulting in a decrease in the interfacial binding strength. The adhesion failure at the interface of adhesive and CFRP is observed in the experiment. The corrosion is aggravated with the increase of time， leading to the decrease of the ultimate load and the ductility. The interface ductility decreases after corroding for 7 to 14 days and the strain softening disappears and exhibits characteristics of the brittle failure after corroding for 21 days. The finite element model was established based on the Fickian theory and bonding-slip constitutive parameters.The diffusion characteristics of seawater between bonding interfaces and the interface typeⅡ delamination process were simulated，and the numenical results are in good agreement with the expermental results.

BackgroundSchizophrenia patients are often accompanied by negative symptoms and severe cognitive impairment， but effective interventions intended to alleviate such condition are currently limited. Existing researches on group play therapy for schizophrenia is still in its initial stages， and such therapy has the potential to contribute to symptoms improvement.ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of group play therapy on improving cognitive function and negative symptoms in hospitalized female patients with schizophrenia， so as to provide references for clinical intervention in such group.MethodsThis study involved 40 female patients with schizophrenia who received inpatient treatment at the Third People's Hospital of Fuyang from April 2022 to May 2023 as well as met the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10）. They were divided into study group （n=20） and control group （n=20） according to the random number table method. Both groups received routine treatment， and the study group received 10 sessions of group play therapy for 5 weeks on the basis. At baseline， Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms （SAPS）， Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms （SANS）， Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）， Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation （NOSIE）， and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status （RBANS） were used for assessment. Post-therapy evaluation was conducted by using SAPS， SANS and RBANS. Patients' baseline SAPS scores， SANS scores， RBANS total scores， and various factor scores of RBANS were used as covariates， and covariance analysis was adopted to compare the scores of each scale between the two groups after treatment.ResultsA total of 39 patients went through the whole study. Results of covariance analysis showed that the SANS score of study group was lower than that of control group， while several scores of RBANS （including total score， immediate memory factor score， speech function factor score and attention factor score） were all higher than those in control group. Significant difference was observed between two groups in scores of both scales above （F=13.408， 10.331， 4.932， 9.967， 10.010， P

Nickel resources are vital for national economic development. As the largest consumer of nickel metal worldwide, China faces a scarcity of nickel metal raw materials which depend highly on imports. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve breakthroughs in nickel resource exploration, promote the comprehensive development and utilization of nickel resources, and broaden import channels, to ensure a secure and stable supply of nickel resources. Based on the analysis of the latest data of the nickel industry, this study reviews the nickel resource endowments and the status of nickel supply and demand in China and abroad, and summarizes the genetic types, spatiotemporal distribution, and prospecting potentials of nickel ore deposits. It also analyzes the issues facing the development and supply security of China’s nickel resource industry, and proposes key technologies for nickel exploration as well as development paths for the comprehensive utilization of nickel resources. To ensure the stable supply and safe development of nickel resources in China, countermeasures are proposed from both international and domestic aspects. Internationally, it is necessary to stabilize the important nickel resource import markets represented by Indonesia and the Philippines, increase investment in mining projects overseas to enhance the international competitiveness of Chinese enterprises, and strengthen international cooperation to diversify the channels for nickel resource imports. Domestically, the following suggestions are proposed: (1) increasing nickel resource exploration, (2) promoting the comprehensive utilization of nickel resources to increase the utilization rate of recycled nickel resources, (3) optimizing traditional technical processes and adjusting the industrial structure, (4) strengthening nickel reserve bases to ensure effective increase in reserves; and (5) encouraging research on mining technologies of potential nickel ores such as ferromanganese nodules on the ocean floor.

Currently, the digital transformation of the financial industry in China has moved from multiple breakthroughs into a new stage of deepening and high-quality development, which necessitates a collaborative governance mechanism that coordinates multiple parties including governments, enterprises, and individuals. In view of the new, complex, and potentially harmful financial risks arising in the context of digital transformation, the financial industry urgently needs to improve its financial risk monitoring and earlywarning capabilities to effectively protect financial security. This study analyzes the progress of digital transformation of the financial industry as well as the implications and characteristics of new financial risks through literature research and theoretical analysis. It also investigates the mainstream financial risk monitoring and early-warning technologies in China and abroad, and clarifies the prominent problems regarding risk characterization and recognition, transmission and tracking, and inference assessment. Furthermore, we propose the overall framework, innovative research methods, and improving paths for the financial risk monitoring and earlywarning system in the context of digital transformation. This study reveals that financial risks have new characteristics in the context of digital transformation, such as faster update and iteration, higher risk frequency, and stronger concealment. Existing financial risk monitoring and early-warning technologies have numerous deficiencies and face multiple challenges in dealing with new financial risks, such as difficulty in characterizing, tracking, and assessing risks. Therefore, to improve the financial risk prevention capability of China and guarantee national financial security, it is proposed to develop cross-industry sharing standards for financial data, establish a knowledge representation paradigm and a cross-industry transmission mechanism of financial risks, and build a large model regarding financial risk monitoring and early warning.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of cluster therapy in the treatment of severe intracranial infection. Methods The clinical data of 43 patients with severe intracranial infection in Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen Second People's Hospital from July 2020 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with intracranial infection were treated with cluster therapy: systemic broad-spectrum antibiotics were used at first; cerebrospinal fluid was obtained by multiple drainage routes for routine and biochemical testing, and then cultured and undertook next - generation sequencing (NGS); head/chest CT and brain MRI plain and enhanced scan were performed; after the NGS results were reported, precisely adjust the drug treatment according to the infection pathogen; sequentially use different drainage protocols of infected cerebrospinal fluid. Patients with severe intraventricular inflammation were treated with ventriculoscope (flexible endoscope) irrigation and fistula; cerebrospinal fluid, microbial culture and whole blood test for infection indicators were regularly extracted for laboratory test, and the type and dosage of antibiotics were adjusted one week after the indicators returned to normal, and the treatment effect of patients was judged comprehensively according to blood, cerebrospinal fluid, imaging results and clinical signs of infection. Results Sixteen patients were administered a broad - spectrum antibiotic regimen consisting of meropenem and vancomycin. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed that 12 cases (27.91%) were culture-positive for microbial organisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses), while 35 cases (81.40%) yielded positive results in NGS. Upon identification of the pathogen via NGS, 15 cases were switched to targeted, sensitive antibiotics, with 12 cases exhibiting notable improvements in symptoms, and 3 cases demonstrating no significant changes. A total of 27 patients (62.79%) underwent surgical intervention, including 7 patients (16.28%) who underwent abscess puncture drainage, 6 patients (13.95%) who received Ommaya sac implantation, 11 patients (25.58%) who underwent external ventricular drainage (8 of whom also underwent ventriculoscopic irrigation and ventriculostomy), and 3 patients (6.98%) who were treated with lumbocisterna drainage. The length of hospitalization was 30 (19, 57) d. The 37 cases (86.05%) were successfully cured, while 6 cases (13.95%) died. Conclusions The cure rate of patients with severe intracranial infection was significantly improved after cluster therapy, and early initiation of cluster therapy can significantly improve the prognosis of patients, which is worthy of clinical application.

To investigate the evolution trend of transient stability of power-controlled grid-forming （GFM） converters connected to AC systems， generators are replaced with power-controlled grid-forming （GFM） converters and grid-following （GFL） converters of equal capacity using the IEEE 39-bus AC test system. Additionally， the number of connections and integration positions in the AC system are varied for electromagnetic transient simulations. The results indicate that power-controlled grid-forming converters exhibit superior transient stability enhancement capabilities in the integration area， especially when the replaced generators are adjacent. As the proportion of such converters in the system increases， the system’s transient stability strengthens. Furthermore， higher equivalent inertia coefficients within power-controlled GFM converters lead to weaker synchronous stability of the system， whereas higher internal damping coefficients enhance synchronous stability.

Objective With the development of urban rail transit network, the uneven temporal and spatial distribution characteristic of the network passenger flow is growing prominent, and it is difficult to achieve the "on-demand transportation " with the existing fixed marshalling train. In order to make full use of the line capacity, it is necessary to study a new generation of train operation control system. Method A design scheme of train operation control system supporting virtual marshalling technology is proposed, and the performance difference between the train operation control system supporting virtual marshalling technology and the traditional one is analyzed from aspects of train operation logic control, line resource management and dispatching command mechanism. The key technology of virtual marshalling is introduced. In order to realize the application of virtual marshalling technology in engineering projects, the engineering design that needs to be considered in project planning and design stage for virtual marshalling train parking area, main line platform area and platform door interface are proposed. Result & Conclusion The vehicle-to-vehicle communication architecture provides a more reasonable system architecture design basis for realizing virtual marshalling technology. The train operation control based on "collision soft wall" model collaborative control and intelligent perception is the key technology in virtual marshalling train operation control system. With the extensive application of virtual marshalling technology, train operation control system can quickly adjust the online train length when the passenger flow changes, improving the flexibility of transportation organization and the passenger service level.

The pancreas has always been one of the most challenging parts in medical image segmentation due to its complex anatomical structure and complex surrounding environment. Aiming at the above problems, a deep learning segmentation model combining dual decoding and global attention upsampling module (DGANet) is proposed. The model consists of an encoder and two decoders, where the latter realizes the full utilization of different depth feature information. The model applies the global attention upsampling module and high-level rich semantic information to guide the low-level selection of more accurate feature information. The data set provided by Changhai Hospital was used for experiments. The results showed that the average Dice similarity coefficient was 86.28%, Intersection-over-Union (IoU) was 0.77, and Hausdorff distance (HD) was 7.7 mm. The data confirmed the clinical value of this model in segmenting pancreatic cystic tumors.

Background The heterogeneity of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is strong, with poor efficacy of existing therapeutic regimens and large individual differences in patient prognosis. B-cell lymphomato-2 (Bcl-2) protein is highly expressed in patients with myeloid tumors, which has been proved by previous to be associated with disease progression, chemotherapy resistance, and shortened overall survival. The Bcl-2 inhibitor Veneckla (VEN) is approved for elderly patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who are not eligible for intensive therapy, and there is less data on its use in MDS patients. The difference in Bcl-2 expression in MDS patients and its correlation with the efficacy and prognosis of VEN therapy haven't been reported. Objective To analyse the expression of Bcl-2 protein in MDS patients and assess its correlation with the efficacy and prognosis of VEN treatment. Methods The clinical data of 71 patients with MDS admitted to Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences·Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from July 2018 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline data of patients including gender, age, blood routine, blood biochemistry, bone marrow hemocytology, flow cytometry, chromosome karyotype, myeloid gene mutation, fusion gene mutation and MDS-EB typing were collected. The expression of Bcl-2 protein was detected by immunohistochemical staining. According to the modified International Prognostic Score System (IPSS-R), the patients were divided into 5 risk levels of very low risk (0 case), low risk (1 case), medium risk (7 cases), high risk (40 cases) and very high risk (23 cases). Patients with bone marrow Bcl-2 positivity≥10% were defined as Bcl-2 positive and0.05) . Conclusion Bcl-2 protein contributes to MDS fusion gene mutation and myeloid gene mutation; Bcl-2 positive expression was not associated with the survival of MDS patients. There was no difference in survival rate between Bcl-2 positive and Bcl-2 negative patients who received the VA combination regimen.

This study conducted a large root box experiment with Schefflera arboricola monoculture, Neolamarckia cadamba monoculture, and co-planting of Schefflera arboricola and Neolamarckia cadamba. The dynamic changes in Cu, Zn, Cd, and Hg contents in fresh and litter leaves of Schefflera arboricola and Neolamarckia cadamba and their litter leaves yield were analyzed for three months (September, October, and November 2020) after the surface application of 2% (W/W) sewage sludge (SS). The relationship between the heavy metal contents of fresh and litter leaves and the changes in the heavy metal return amount in litter leaves were further analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) N. cadamba had significantly higher Cu contents in fresh and litter leaves than those of S. arboricola, while had significantly lower Zn and Cd contents than those of S. arboricola. (2) The fresh leaves of S. arboricola had the lowest Zn content and the highest Hg content in November. (3) The fresh leaves of monoculture and co-planting Neolamarckia cadamba had the highest Zn, Cd, and Hg contents in November. (4) The Hg content in the litter leaves of co-planting of N. cadamba increased significantly with the time of SS application, while those of Cu, Zn, and Cd contents showed no significance. (5) The Cd content in fresh leaves was significantly and positively correlated with the Hg and Cd contents of litter leaves in Schefflera arboricola in both September and November. (6) The highest yield of litter leaves and the highest return amount of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Hg in S. arboricola occurred one month after SS application (September), while those in Neolamarckia cadamba occurred two months after SS application (October). In summary, the application time of SS showed a greater effect on the heavy metal contents in fresh leaves of N. cadamba and Schefflera arboricola than those in litter leaves; there was a positive correlation between the Cd content in the fresh leaves and the Cd and Hg contents in the litter leaves of S. arboricola; the heavy metal pollution risk of the litter leaves of S. arboricola and Neolamarckia cadamba was easy to occur in one month (September) and two months (October) after SS application, respectively. This study provides a reference for safe SS utilization and reasonable litter disposal in the landscape.

Objective To conduct a network meta-analysis on the effectiveness of first-line immunotherapy on patients with brain metastases from advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Two investigators conducted a computerized search of Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, and other databases to screen the literature, extract the information, and assess the risk of bias of the included studies. The included clinical trials were statistically analyzed using R (4.1.3) software. For the study outcome indicators OS and PFS, the risk ratios (HRs), and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted from the included studies and logarithmically transformed into effect analysis statistics. Results Six randomized controlled trials were finally included, including 327 patients with non-excludable NSCLC brain metastases. Network meta-analysis suggested that PD-1 inhibitor + CTLA-4 was more advantageous than the conventional chemotherapy for enhancing patients’ OS (HR: 0.13, 95%CI: 0.03-0.71), followed by PD-L1 inhibitor (HR: 0.17, 95%CI: 0.04-0.74) and PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy (HR: 0.36, 95%CI: 0.2-0.63). PD-1 inhibitor + CTLA-4 was also more advantageous (HR: 0.37, 95%CI: 0.15-0.93) than the conventional chemotherapy for boosting patients’ PFS, followed by PD-L1 inhibitor + chemotherapy (HR: 0.44, 95%CI: 0.29-0.66) and PD-1 inhibitor (HR: 0.48, 95%CI: 0.27-0.86). Conclusion Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy improves the survival of patients with brain metastases from advanced NSCLC. In particular, the combination of PD-1 inhibitor and CTLA-4 inhibitor show excellent survival benefit.

Objective To investigate the effect of Versican V0/V1 on biological behaviors of mouse dental papilla cells (mDPCs). Methods mDPCs were isolated from C57BL/6J mice at embryonic day 16.5 (E16.5). A small interfering RNA (siRNA) constructed specifically for Versican V0/V1 was transfected into mDPCs.The silencing efficiency was verified by quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunofluorescence staining. The proliferation rate of mDPCs was determined using EdU assay; the migration ability of mDPCs was evaluated by scratch test and transwell assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red staining were used to assess the mineralization capability of mDPCs. The molecules related to odontogenic differentiation and mineralization at mRNA levels were measured by qRT-PCR. Results After siRNA transfection,the mDPCs of si-Versican V0/V1 group showed weaker proliferation and migration abilities compared with si-NC group (P

Due to the high water content of fresh wet noodles, it is easy for microorganisms to breed and spoil, and quickly loses its edible value. The effect of composite biopreservatives such as chitosan, Nisin and tea polyphenols and their formula on shelf-life and storage quality of fresh wet noodles was investigated in this study. The results showed that the prescription 0.25% chitosan, 0.025% Nisin and 0.012% tea polyphenols can prolong the fresh wet noodles shelf-life to 48 hours under room temperature and relative humidity 60%, and the total number of colonies was less than 5.0 lg (CFU/g), which complied with national standards. However, under the same conditions, the total number of colonies of CK group have exceeded the national standard within 12 hours and the water absorption rate decreased by 26.07% whose edible value was lost.

For seeking the cause of the increase in dough water absorption rate after cold plasma treatment, this study adopted low-pressure, radiofrequency 120 W helium cold plasma (CP) to treat wheat flours from 0 s to 180 s. Results showed that water absorption rate, conductivity, values of water and sucrose solvent retention capacity (SRC), and paste breakdown value in wheat flours increased significantly with increasing CP treatment time. To further explore the change causes in these physiochemical indexes, we developed a seven- parameter polynomial , (M was equilibrium moisture (%), ERH was equilibrium relative humidity (decimal), t was temperature (℃), and A~G were parameters. This polynomial could fit moisture sorption isotherms (20-35 ℃ and ERH 10%-90%) of helium CP treated flours, and the goodness-of-fit indexes were superior to those of modified Chung-Pfost (commonly used) and four-parameter polynomial (without temperature term) equations. The seven-parameter polynomial equation clearly showed the hysteresis loops between moisture adsorption and desorption isotherms of flour samples, which shifted downward with increasing temperature. The hysteresis degree showed a parabolic shape curve with increasing ERH, and the vertex of the parabola was at the range of 40-50% ERH. CP treatment shifted the monolayer adsorption sites to multi-molecular adsorption sites ahead of schedule, from ERH 50% to 40%. Further analysis using Dent model showed that the helium CP treatment was able to reduce the mono-layer moisture content and spreading pressure in wheat flour, and increase the elasticity of a capillary wall. The ability of water molecules was increased to form hydrogen bonds with the chemical components, which promoted the uniform distribution and permeation of water molecules into flour particles. Infrared spectral scanning showed that the degree of short-range order at the surface of starch granules and the interaction between protein and starch tended to increase with increasing CP time. Helium cold plasma technology has potential application in improving flour processing quality.

Objective·To investigate the evolution of sarcoma antigen 1 (SAGE1), a member of the cancer-testis antigen (CTA) family, in three representative primate species—Macaca mulatta (Rhesus), Callithrix jacchus (Marmoset), and Microcebus murinus (Mouse Lemur), as well as the conservation of its interaction with INTS3, a subunit of the integrator complex.Methods·The interaction between INTS3 and SAGE1 in these primates and the interaction between INTS3 and human SAGE1 mutants were first validated in HEK293T cells by using co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). Truncated proteins were then tagged with His-SUMO and GST, respectively, and expressed in Escherichia coli, followed by a series of purification steps to obtain the target proteins. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was used to measure the binding affinity of the target proteins, and size exclusion chromatography with multi-angle light scattering (SEC-MALS) was used to determine the stoichiometry of the complex. Additionally, molecular docking was employed to predict the binding model of the truncated SAGE1 and INTS3. Mutations were performed on human SAGE1 key interface residues to analyze their binding to INTS3 by Co-IP.Results·The interaction between the full-length human-derived INTS3 and the full-length SAGE1 from the three primate species was confirmed by Co-IP. Truncated proteins were purified through multiple steps of tandom chromatography. The dissociation constants of the three pairs of truncated INTS3-SAGE1 were measured via SPR, and the SEC-MALS results demonstrated that the binding ratio of INTS3-SAGE1 was 2∶1. Furthermore, molecular docking predicted a structural model of the truncated INTS3-SAGE1 complex and the binding interface was extensively constituted with hydrophobic contacts assisted by some hydrophilic interactions. The interaction between the mutant SAGE1 and INTS3 full-length protein was significantly weakened.Conclusion·There is a conserved interaction between INTS3 and SAGE1 across Rhesus, Marmoset, and Mouse lemur.

Aeronautical electronic equipment, used for data collection during flight, is usually fixed to the nose radome using mounting brackets. The stiffness and first-order frequency performance of the mounting brackets is studied to avoid plastic deformation and resonance during flight, which is of great engineering significance for improving flight stability. The static strength and modal analysis of the mounting bracket under inertial load are conducted, and a sensitivity analysis method is used to determine the design variables of the installation bracket. With the goal of minimizing the total weight of the structure as the optimization objective, the thickness of each component of the bracket is optimized while ensuring the stiffness and first-order modal performance of the installation bracket. The vibration tests are conducted for the optimized installation bracket structure. The results show that the stiffness of the optimized installation bracket structure remains basically unchanged, the first-order frequency is increased by 18.09%, and the weight is reduced by 19.33%. The improved design can meet the equipment installation requirements.

Background Para-infectious encephalopathy is an acute inflammatory encephalopathy secondary to a systemic infectious disease, including acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) and mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS). This paper reports on 3 cases of SARS-CoV-2 related to para-infectious encephalopathy diagnosed and treated in The Ordos Central Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from December 2022 to February 2023, and reviews relevant literature to summarize the clinical characteristics of the disease. Methods and Results The 3 patients with SARS-CoV-2 related to para-infectious encephalopathy, including 2 cases of SARS-CoV-2 related to ANE and one case of SARS-CoV-2 related to MERS were reported. Three patients developed consciousness disorder 2-4 d after fever, and still had aphasia, mental abnormality, convulsions, etc.. SARS-CoV-2 throat swab was positive. Head MRI showed one abnormal signal of brain stem and bilateral thalamus, one abnormal signal of bilateral thalamus, and one abnormal pressure of corpus callosum. All received hormone shock therapy and (or) intravenous immunoglobulin. One died, and 2 cases were recovered. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 related to para-infectious encephalopathy including SARS-CoV-2 related to ANE and MERS and other clinical subtypes, the former has rapid progress, severe disease, high disability rate and fatality rate and poor prognosis, while the latter has relatively mild symptoms and better prognosis.

Objective To investigate the rehabilitation effects of vestibular rehabilitation in acute brainstem infarction patients with subjective visual vertical (SVV) tilting, and the correlation between the SVV, balance confidence, dizziness/vertigo and walking function. Methods All 45 acute brainstem infarction patients with SVV tilting who were hospitalized in Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from July 2022 to July 2023 were collected. Patients were divided into vestibular rehabilitation group (n = 25) and general rehabilitation group (n = 20), Bucket Test was used to test SVV tilting angle, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) was used to evaluate balance confidence, Visual Analog Scales (VAS) was used to evaluate dizziness/vertigo and Functional Ambulation Category Scale (FAC) was used to evaluate walking function before and after 2 weeks of treatment. Results The SVV tilting angle (F = 4.356, P = 0.043), ABC score (F = 4.389, P = 0.042), dizziness/vertigo VAS score (F = 4.138, P = 0.048) were significantly different between vestibular rehabilitation group and general rehabilitation group. After treatment, the SVV tilting angle (t = - 2.139, P = 0.038) and the dizziness/vertigo VAS score (t = - 2.952, P = 0.005) in vestibular rehabilitation group were lower than those in general rehabilitation group, and the ABC score was higher than that in general rehabilitation group (t = 2.920, P = 0.006). SVV tilting angle (F = 196.923, P = 0.000), ABC score (F = 89.050, P = 0.000), dizziness/vertigo VAS score (F = 81.803, P = 0.000), FAC grade (F = 72.866, P = 0.000) were statistically significant. The SVV tilting angle (t = 0.763, P = 0.000; t = 0.972, P = 0.000) and dizziness/vertigo VAS score (t = 8.815, P = 0.000; t = 5.107, P = 0.000) after treatment were lower than those before treatment of 2 groups, and the ABC score (t = 0.689, P = 0.001; t = 0.703, P = 0.001) and FAC grade (t = - 6.721, P = 0.000; t = - 5.772, P = 0.000) were higher than those before treatment of 2 groups. Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between SVV tilting angle and dizziness/vertigo VAS score in acute brainstem infarction patients with SVV tilting (r = 0.627, P = 0.000). Conclusions Vestibular rehabilitation can effectively improve the SVV tilting, balance confidence and dizziness/vertigo symptoms of acute brainstem infarction patients with SVV tilting, and the SVV tilting angle is closely related to the degree of dizziness/vertigo.

【Objective】For the problem of limited sensing distance of distributed optical fiber sensing system, a Phase-Sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (φOTDR)distributed optical fiber sensing system based on Remote Optically Pumped Amplifier (ROPA) technology was proposed.【Methods】Adopting polarization diversity reception technology to obtain orthogonal polarization signals to solve the problem of polarization mismatch, Frequency division band processing suppresses coherent fading and polarization fading. Applying high-order Raman pumping technology and cascaded ROPA technology, three remote gain units are selected with appropriate gain medium lengths. Introduced at the appropriate positions in the transmission link, the pump light and signal light are coupled and sent by the remote pumping unit to excite erbium ionst for unrepeatered amplification, realizing ultra long single span vibration signal sensing and solving the problem of insufficient single-span sensing distance of existing φOTDR.【Results】The experimental results show that In-phase and Quadrate (IQ) demodulation algorithm can be used to achieve linear recovery of Piezoelectric Transducer (PZT) disturbed 100 Hz signal.【Conclusion】The results show that this system can achieve vibration signal sensing of 176.6 km ultra long single span, breaking the existing φOTDR single span sensing distance recording. The vibration curve of the first 176 km is stable and the amplitude is below 0.4 rad. The undisturbed position in the three-Dimensional (3D) map is relatively stable, and the disturbance signal added by PZT at the end of the link can be accurately perceived. After Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) transformation processing, the signal-to-noise ratio of the 100 Hz disturbance signal is 8.9 dB. The experimental results are crucial for building ultra long single-span φOTDR sensing system and provides a certain reference value for the development of unrepeatered ultra long-distance sensing in OTDR systems.

Propeller propulsion technology plays an important role in aviation field. Composite materials have the characteristics of high specific strength，high specific modulus，high damping，designability and so on. The use of composite material propeller blades can further improve the performance of propeller in terms of mass reduction efficiency，propulsion efficiency，corrosion resistance，noise reduction. Composite material propeller blades have become the general trend. Based on aircraft propeller blades and rotor blades，this paper aims to perform a brief review of the research achievements of aviation composite propeller blades at home and abroad，classifies and expounds the material systems，structural design and molding processes of aviation propellers. The key technical problems and the simulation research on manufacturing process of propeller at home and abroad are summarized. Finally，the future development direction of domestic composite propellers from the aspects of improving the material system，optimizing the structure design，deepening the process research and strengthening the engineering application of numerical simulation technology are concluded.

Egg-laying behavior of insect is critical for completing their ontogeny, reproduction, and maintaining population stability. Chemical cues play a dominant role in regulating insect oviposition. Volatile organic compounds released by plants, insects, and microorganisms influence the detection and localization of insect oviposition sites. Exploiting and rationally applying these chemical cues to regulate insect behaviors is an important strategy for environmentally friendly pest control. This article summarizes the diverse egg-laying strategies of insects and their contributing factors, details the sources of chemical information that regulate insect oviposition behavior, and lists the regulatory effects of volatiles released by plants, insect semiochemicals and microorganisms on insect behaviors. The mechanism and research status of oviposition selection mediated by chemical cues are illustrated on the mechanism of the important chemoreceptor proteins in the insect peripheral nervous system, and applications in environmentally friendly prevention and control of agricultural pests are reviewed. Finally, future research directions are prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[ Objective ] Chlorophyllide a oxygenase ( CAO ) is a key enzyme in the formation of chlorophyll b. Cloning and expression analysis of CAO genes may be helpful in exploring their function in regulating leaf color variation of Cymbidium hybrid. [ Methods ] ChCAO gene was cloned from leaves of Cymbidium hybrid by RACE and RT-PCR. ChCAO was analyzed for structure characteristics , physicochemical prop- erties , sequence alignment , and phylogenetic relationship. The expression of ChCAO in different tissues and leaves of K21-3 were analyzed by qRT-PCR. Meanwhile , ChCAO expression was silenced by VIGS technology. [ Results ] The results showed that ChCAO coding region was 1 608 bp , encoding 535 amino acids. ChCAO was closely related to Cymbidium sinense , which belonged to genus Cymbidium . qRT-PCR assay showed that the expression of ChCAO was the highest in leaves and the lowest in roots. The expres- sion of ChCAO in K21 leaves was significantly higher than that of K21-3. The VIGS silencing vector of ChCAO gene was constructed and transferred to tobacco. The viral vector was successfully invaded the to- bacco , and the old leaves of tobacco were turned yellow , while chlorophyll content and expression of ChCA O gene were reduced. [ Conclusion ] The ChCAO gene was obtained and its function was preliminarily characterized , which are helpful for the understanding of the formation of leaf art in Cymbidium hybrid.

The oil displacement technology of the water and gas dispersion system is a new enhanced oil recovery technology developed for low-permeability oilfields with low recoveries， which has obviously increased oil production in Changqing Oilfield. However， the effects among microbubbles in the dispersion system and pores are complex， and the research on its microscopic oil displacement mechanism is gradually deepening. According to the characteristics of heterogeneous low permeability core， a glass etching model with a side length of 1.5 cm was made， and the flow experiment of the CO2-water dispersion system was carried out under the conditions of reservoir temperature and pressure. The data such as bubble adsorption capacity， oil film pushing capacity， and bubble elastic energy were obtained by observing the interaction processes among microbubbles and oil， water， and rocks， and then the oil displacement effects were quantitatively characterized and analyzed. The experimental results show that the microbubble combines with the oil interface， to form a special oil adsorption film， which is significantly different from the mechanisms of water flooding and gas flooding. The merging of adjacent bubbles in the displacement process also promotes the convergence of oil films， and the merging of microbubbles helps the flow of bubbles so that the oil film adsorbed on the surface of the bubbles moves with the bubbles. The bubble volume expands due to the decrease in pressure， and the elastic energy released can promote the migration of the oil film adsorbed on the wall when the microbubble is transported. In addition， the oil film migration process of the microbubbles in the water and gas dispersion system was simulated and analyzed with the Volume of Fluid multiphase flow model， and the main factors that displace the oil film were obtained， which are the elastic energy generated by the deformation of the microbubbles and the energy of the microbubbles themselves. The energy of the bubble acts on the leading edge of the bubble and the bubble is pushed by contact with the surface of the oil film.

The research results showed that the water quality of Jiulong River Estuary has been improved in the past 10 years, especially the permanganate index, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and petroleum showed a continuous decline from 2016 to 2020, indicating that the water quality of Jiulong River Basin has been significantly improved during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, however, the total nitrogen exceeded the standard seriously, based on the survey data of surface water of Jiulong River estuary for 10 years from 2011 to 2020. The characteristics of seasonal variation are as follows: In 2020, permanganate index, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, inorganic nitrogen and total phosphorus are relatively low in summer and high in winter; and the chemical oxygen demand is relatively low in winter and high in autumn; and the petroleum is relatively low in autumn and high in spring and winter.Based on the comparative analysis of the water quality of monitoring sections of Jiulong River and other major rivers entering the sea in Fujian Province, such as Minjiang River, Jinjiang River, Longjiang River and Mulan River from 2011 to 2020, the water quality of Minjiang River estuary and Jinjiang River estuary is relatively good, and Longjiang River estuary and Mulan River estuary are relatively poor, and Jiulong River estuary is average. It will provides reference for environmental planning and management of Jiulong River.

Asymmetric gears are a new type of involute gears with different pressure angles on each side of a gear tooth. Gear tooth profile parameters have a great influence on the performance of a gear pair, such as its tooth profile shape, motion characteristics, bearing capacity, transmission efficiency, dynamic characteristics and so on. Asymmetric tooth geometry formulas based upon a rack-type tool are derived following Litvin's vector approach. Then a precise calculation model for meshing stiffness of asymmetric gear is proposed and validated to be effective by comparing with a finite element model separately. Further, the influence of cutting tool tip fillet radius, gear pressure angle and contact ratio on gear meshing stiffness is quantified parametrically. The research results indicate that gear meshing stiffness can be improved effectively with the increase of pressure angle and cutting tool fillet radius. The influence of the pressure angle is relatively greater. With the increase of the pressure angle, not only will the thickness of tooth root increase, which is beneficial to improve the bearing capacity of the gear, but also the thickness of tooth tip and contact ratio will decrease, which is prone to evoke tooth tip fractures. In asymmetric tooth profile design, it is suggesting that the involute pressure angles are set according to actual working conditions.

Objective·To investigate the expression and clinical significance of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase1 (GGPS1) in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) by bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry.Methods·Firstly, the transcriptome data of LUSC tissues and paired normal tissues were downloaded from UCSC Xena platform. The data were standardized and differentially expressed by R language, and verified by UALCAN database. UALCAN and LinkedOmics databases were used to analyze the relationship between GGPS1 expression and clinicopathological features in LUSC patients. The Kaplan-Meier Plotter database was used to explore the effect of GGPS1 expression on prognosis in LUSC patients. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses were applied to screen gene correlation coefficients and risk scores. The diagnostic value of GGPS1 for LUSC was evaluated by nomogram and calibration curve. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of GGPS1 was constructed by using STRING and GeneMANIA databases. R language was used to select the differential genes related to GGPS1, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed. The expression of GGPS1 in LUSC patients was detected by immunohistochemistry, and its correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis was analyzed.Results·Through the TIMER2.0 database, it was found that GGPS1 expression was increased in most tumors and was highly expressed in LUSC. The expression of GGPS1 in LUSC was higher than that in adjacent tissues in UCSC Xena and UALCAN databases (both P

To understand the cause for the increasing water absorption rate of wheat shorts after cold plasma treatment, a dynamic moisture adsorption instrument was used to measure the moisture sorption isotherms of samples treated with 120 W low-pressure strong radio frequency helium or oxygen CP for different times. The result was that the Caurie equation can fit an isotherm, and its coefficient C0 gived the density of water adsorbed by the sample. For adsorbed or desorbed samples, as the helium or oxygen CP treatment time at the same power increased, there was no difference in the density of adsorbed water, and the coefficient M0 gived the adsorbed water content of the monomolecular layer of the sample. For adsorbed or desorbed samples, as the helium CP treatment time at the same power increased, the water content of the monomolecular layer increased significantly. For samples treated with oxygen plasma, the content of the adsorbed monomolecular layer water first decreased and then increased as the treatment time increased, while the desorbed single-molecule water content showed a decreasing trend with the increased time. In order to improve the fitting of the Caurie equation, M0 was corrected to A+Bt (t was the temperature, A and B were constants). Analysis of the coefficients of the modified Caurie equation showed that as the 120 W helium CP treatment time (0~180 s) increased, the monomolecular layer of water, the number of adsorbed water molecule layers, the bound water content, and the water adsorption surface area all showed a continuous increase trend. For oxygen CP, these indicators showed an increasing trend in the first 60 s of processing, and then showed a decreasing trend if the processing time was extended. The results showed that compared with oxygen-cold plasma, high-energy helium-cold plasma improved the hydrophilicity of wheat shorts proteins and polysaccharides. As the treatment time increased, the surface area and number of layers of water adsorbed by these macromolecules and the monomolecular layer, and the bound water content steadily continued to increase.

Benggang (a fragmented erosion landform) have emerged as crucial factors restraining regional economic development, social stability, and ecological conservation due to their suddenness, explosiveness, and unpredictability. Monitoring the dynamic changes in distribution density, degree of development, and influencing factors of Benggang in large-scale natural environments can constitute preliminary references for studying the mechanisms, patterns, and influencing factors of Benggang in the natural environment, as well as providing insights for the coordination of regional socio-economic development and ecological environment governance. In this study, Sentinel-1/2 satellite constellation remote sensing images and other auxiliary data from 2016 to 2022 were combined with machine learning methods to identify Benggang erosion and measure the influencing factors of Benggang erosion in the middle and upper reaches of the Han River. The results indicate that: 1) The overall accuracy of the classification model in this study is 84%, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.8. The user's and producer's accuracy of Benggang erosion identification both exceed 95%, and their FScore is 0.97. However, smaller-scale Benggang erosion (< 100 m2) is easily confused with grassland and sparse vegetation, thereby reducing the Benggang identification accuracy. 2) Currently, the total area of Benggang erosion in the middle and upper reaches of the Han River is 435.5 km2. There are significant differences in Benggang erosion areas across counties, cities, and districts, with varying annual trends. In terms of spatial distribution, the Benggang erosion areas in Wuhua County, Xingning City, Dapu County, Fengshun County, Meixian District, Pingyuan County, Jiaoling County, and Meijiang District are 199.2, 70.1, 57.7, 50.1, 35.4, 14.9, 3.9, and 1.6 km2, respectively. In terms of time change trends, the average annual rates of change of Benggang erosion areas in Wuhua County, Xingning City, Dapu County, Fengshun County, Meixian District, Pingyuan County, Jiaoling County, and Meijiang District are 16.29, 6.51, 5.31, 4.94, 3.56, 1.39, 0.42, and 0.18 km2/a, respectively. 3) The occurrence probability of Benggang in the study area is significantly correlated (P < 0.001) with elevation, slope, vegetation coverage, geological type, population density, atmospheric pressure, rainfall, meridional wind speed, zonal wind speed, and wind speed. Within a certain range of variation in the influencing factors, elevation, slope, geological type, atmospheric pressure, meridional wind speed, zonal wind speed, and wind speed have a positive impact on Benggang occurrence probability in the study area, while vegetation coverage, population density, and rainfall have a negative impact on the occurrence of Benggang erosion. Furthermore, geological type, slope, atmospheric pressure, elevation, vegetation cover, population density and wind speed are the main influencing factors for the occurrence of Benggang in the study area. Therefore, strengthening the monitoring of these seven variables is necessary to enhance early warning capabilities for geological disasters due to Benggang in the study area.

The protection of historical and cultural heritage sites is the main focus of land space planning and use control. Its protection and utilization are important for promoting the revitalization of rural culture and building a pattern of historical and cultural protection, and are essential for the research on comprehensive land consolidation in recent years. The historical trail of South China is a linear cultural heritage site of Guangdong's historical development. Exploring the connotative relationship between comprehensive land consolidation and the protection and utilization of linear cultural heritage is conducive to enhancing their synergy and superposition. This study begins with a connotation analysis and trend analysis of comprehensive land consolidation and linear cultural heritage protection and utilization, taking the connecting line of the Gutian section of the ancient Meiguan historical trail of the Southern China historical trail in Guangdong Province as an example to explore the working relationship between comprehensive land consolidation and the protection and utilization of linear cultural heritage. It proposes a comprehensive land consolidation path for linear cultural heritage protection and utilization. Results showed that: 1) The problems faced by the protection of historical trails were closely related to the goal and content of comprehensive land consolidation; 2) The protection of historical trails and the comprehensive land consolidation could be integrated into the implementation of land space planning, rights and interests protection, policy incentives, public participation and landscape coordination to jointly promote the enhancement of land space value; 3) Focusing on the dimensions of development orientation, planning layout, engineering design, overall planning funds and service operation, it is necessary to constantly innovate the path of comprehensive land improvement across the region, and comprehensively promote the protection and utilization of rural cultural heritage. Guangdong Province can fully utilize the platform tools of comprehensive land consolidation in the protection of South China historical trail, achieve the connection and integration of ancient cultural protection and utilization with land consolidation projects, and establish a mutual feedback relationship in work, innovate and establish a working mechanism for the integration and development of comprehensive land consolidation and historical trail protection, which is conducive to the synergistic effect of rural revitalization and historical and cultural protection, better service and support for rural revitalization and high-quality development.