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In recent years,the research on the methods of text to image based on generative adversarial network (GAN) continues to grow in popularity and have made some progress.The key of text-to-image generation technology is to build a bridge between the text information and the visual information,and promote the model to generate realistic images consistent with the corresponding text description.At present,the mainstream method is to complete the encoding of the descriptions of the input text by pre-training the text encoder,but these methods do not consider the semantic alignment with the corresponding image in the text encoder,and adopt the independent encoding of the input text,ignoring the semantic gap between the language space and the image space.To address the problem,in this paper,a generative adversarial network based on the cross-attention encoder (CAE-GAN) is proposed.The network uses a cross-attention encoder to translate and align text information with visual information,and captures the cross-modal mapping relationship between text and image information,so as to improve the fidelity of the gene-rated images and the matching degree with input text description.The experimental results show that,compared with the DM-GAN model,the inception score (IS) of CAE-GAN model increases by 2.53% and 1.54% on CUB and coco datasets,respectively.The fréchet inception distance score decreases by 15.10% and 5.54%,respectively,indicating that the details and the quality of the images generated by the CAE-GAN model are more perfect.

The Central Jilin-Yanbian metallogenic belt, one of the 12 important nickel mineralization belts in China, containing 13 nickel deposits(occurrences), with nickel reserves of more than 280 000 tons, is an important nickel resource base in China. There are intense multistage tectonomagmatic activities in the metallogenic belt, especially a series of ultramafic-mafic rock groups and related copper-nickel sulfide deposits were formed in the Indosinian post-orogenic extensional background. Through study on the two typical nickel deposits in Hongqiling and Changren, the paper sorts out the geological and metallogenic characteristics of nickel deposits, summarizes the spatiotemporal distribution regularity, and extracts the prospecting indicators. Based on the regional geological characteristics and gravity, aeromagnetic anomalies, the prospecting potential of copper-nickel sulfide deposits in Central Jilin-Yanbian metallogenic belt is analyzed, and the prospecting direction of nickel deposits is discussed to provide scientific basis for the further nickel prospecting deployment in the metallogenic belt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plate heat exchangers are always employed in the secondary heat exchange station of heat - supply network. If corrosion perforation took place on stainless steel heat exchange plate during its service, it might not only contaminate the circulating water in primary side, but also disturb the steady running of heat exchangers, or even affecting the heat - supply to resident. Thus, investigating the critical conditions for pitting corrosion of heat exchange plate in this case was instructional for establishing the water quality criterion and preventing pitting corrosion. In order to clarify this issue, material chemical analysis, XRD, SEM and electrochemical tests were conducted. Results indicated that the critical concentrations of Cl- for pitting corrosion of 304 stainless steel and 316L stainless steel under 65 ℃ were 125 mg/L and 230 mg/L, respectively. Once the scale layer was formed on the stainless steel surface, local acidification would occur on the surface, and the stainless steel was more prone to pitting corrosion at this time. In order to prevent pitting corrosion of stainless steel heat exchange plate during operation, the concentration of chloride ions in circulating water should be controlled strictly, and meanwhile the methods to prevent scale and reduce the amount of corrosion products in the surface of hear exchange plate should be taken as well.

Objective To explore the role of laparoscopic virtual simulator in the standard training of residents. Methods Twenty surgical attending physicians finished laparoscopic surgery independently with less than 10 cases and 20 residents in our hospital were selected as the research group. Laparoscopic skills training was conducted to all cases, the completion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy was compared between the two groups. Results The performance of surgical operations of the residents after training was better than before training (P＜0.05). The performance of surgical operations of the attending physicians after training neither is better than the residents physicians before training. Conclusions Laparoscopic virtual simulator can effectively enhance the skill of laparoscopic operation and reduce clinical risk.

Craniopharyngioma is a benign tumor of WHO grade Ⅰ. As the location of craniopharyngioma is deep, around which the peripheral structure is complex, the tumor adheres closely to the pituitary stalk and hypothalamus, and a small number of craniopharyngioma have the growth characteristics of malignant tumor, the total resection of craniopharyngioma is hard to achieve. Radiotherapy is only effective in some patients and is often associated with complications such as radiation damage to the pituitary and optic nerve. So, the treatment of craniopharyngioma is still challenging for neurosurgeons and endocrinologists. With the development of molecular biology technology, some new findings are made ragarding the pathological classification of craniopharyngioma and its mechanism. The revised 4th edition of 2016 WHO classification of central nervous system tumors classifies craniopharyngioma into adamantinomatous and papillary craniopharyngioma. There are significant differences in clinical susceptibility, histopathological characteristics and genetic changes between two types. These differences not only help to clarify molecular pathological classification of craniopharyngioma, but also provide a theoretical basis for its molecular targeted therapy. However, more transformational studies and multicenter clinical trials are needed to develop more effective molecular targeted therapy drugs. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.03.004

Objective To report 4 patients with pituitary abscess (PA), and summarize etiology, clinical manifestation, imaging, endocrinological characteristics, treatment and prognosis of PA in combination with literatures review. Methods and Results Four patients (3 cases were primary PA, one case was secondary PA) from January 2015 to August 2019 were included in the study during 534 cases whose sellar region lesion were diagnosed. The main clinical manifestations were headache (4 cases), blurred vision and temporal blindness (4 cases), fatigue and anorexia (4 cases), polyuria (2 cases) and transient hyperthermia (2 cases). MRI showed cystic occupying lesions in the sellar region, with typical enhancement in the cystic wall (4 cases). Endocrinology showed hypothyroidism (4 cases), hypoadrenocorticism (3 cases) and hypogonadism (3 cases). After hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and antibiotic anti ⁃ infection treatment, endoscopic transsphenoidal removal of PA was adopted. The clinical symptoms gradually improved. Pituitary function in 3 cases returned to normal, one case still needed HRT. MRI showed no sign of recurrence of PA. Conclusions Early symptoms in PA is prone to hypopituitarism. PA is characterized by edge⁃enhanced cystic space⁃occupying lesion in MRI. Endoscopic transsphenoidal removal of PA is the fine ⁃ line treatment and the prognosis is good while the patients' recurrence rate is low. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.03.012

The formation age and petrogenesis of tbe two-mica monzogranite drilled from HGD-1 well in Cannan area of central-nortbern Daxinganling Mountains are determined and tbe regional tectonic setting is revealed on the basis Of LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb chronology and petrogeochemistry studies. The zircons in granite are subidiomorphic- idiomorphic, with obvious oscillatory growth zone. The dating results show that the two-mica monzogranite was formed at 161 Ma, which is the product of magmatic event in early Late Jurassic. Ceochemical analysis results indicate that the granite is characterized by high Si (SiO2 69.81%-74.3%), rich Al (Al2O3 13.5%-16.8%), and poor Fe (Fe2O3 0.26%-0.6%), belonging to quasi aluminous-weak peraluminous series in terms of chemical composition, with enriched LILEs (Rb, Ba and K) and HFSE (Hf), and depleted HFSEs (Nb, Ta and Ti), and relatively enriched LREEs and depleted HREEs, which is of I-type granite. The magma originates from the partial melting of newly thickened continental crust material. Hie study results reveal that the formation of the early Late Jurassic two-mica monzogranite is related to the continent-continent collision environment during the closure progress of Mongol-Okhotsk suture zone, and its formation age restricts the closing time of Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean to the early Late Jurassic in Gannan area of central-northern Daxinganling Mountains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To solve the “hot spots” problem caused by uneven load energy,a novel distributed clustering routing protocol was proposed.Its core is an uneven clustering routing protocol based on dynamic partition(UCDP).In UCDP,the entire network’s energy consumption is balanced by dynamic partitioning,making the regions closer to the sink node with smaller nodes,which can preserve some energy for inter-region data forwarding.Considering the distance factor and residual energy factor for uneven clustering in each region,cluster-heads and region-heads work together in UCDP.Via the combination of single-hop and multi-hop,DBUP has established an optimal energy-balanced routing protocol.Simulation results show that UCDP has good stability,and significantly prolongs the network life.

The implementation of ecological engineering projects such as " Green for Grain" causes great changes in the cycling and stoichiometry of soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P), with consequences on soil microbial biomass stoichiometric characteristics. However, the temporal dynamics and coordination of soil-microbial C:N:P stoichiometry are still unclear. In this study, we examined the variations of soil-microbial biomass C, N, and P with the tea plantation ages (<5 a, 5-10 a, 10-20 a, 20-30 a, and >30 a) in a small watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. We analyzed the relationships between their stoichiometric ratios, microbial entropy (qMBC, qMBN, qMBP), and stoichiometric imbalance (ratios of soil C, N, P stoichiometry to microbial biomass C, N, P stoichiometry). The results showed that with the increases of tea plantation ages, soil and microbial biomass C, N, P contents, soil C : N and C : P significantly increased, while soil N: P declined; the microbial biomass C:P and N:P increased first and then decreased, but microbial biomass C:N did not change. Tea plantation ages significantly affected soil microbial entropy and soil-microbial stoichiometry imbalance (C:Nimb, C:Pimb, N:Pimb). With the increases of tea plantation ages, qMBC first decreased and then increased, while qMBN and qMBP went up in a fluctuating pattern. The C-N stoichiometry imbalance (C:Nimb) and C-P stoichiometry imbalance (C:Pimb) increased significantly, while the N-P stoichiometry imbalance (N:Pimb) showed a fluctuating rise. Results of the redundancy analysis showed that qMBC was positively correlated with soil N: P and microbial biomass C:N:P, but negatively correlated with microbial stoichiometric imbalance and soil C: N, C: P; whereas qMBN and qMBP showed the opposite situation. The microbial biomass C:P was most closely related to qMBC, while C:Nimb and C: Pimb had greater effects on qMBN and qMBP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pituitary incidentalomas (PIs) are defined as previously unexpected pituitary lesions which are accidentally discovered during imaging examinations performed for unrelated reasons, including pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma, Rathke's cyst, pituitary hyperplasia and other sellar lesions. With the wide application of imaging techniques, especially MRI, more and more pituitary incidentalomas have been detected. However, there are still many problems regarding the definition of pituitary incidentaloma, natural course of disease, intervention indication at the first diagnosis, follow-up plan, and so on, resulting in misdiagnosis and overtreatment. This review attempts to discuss the definition, relevant factors for predicting the natural course of tumor, diagnosis, surgical indications, and individualized follow-up plan, and so on, in order to attract clinical attention and conduct related research to further clarify the clinical unsolved problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) are used to study the characteristics of biomarker compounds in the source rocks and analyze the organic matter source, sedimentary environment and thermal evolution degree of source rocks of Lower cretaceous Yixian Formation in XD1 well of Xiushui Basin. The results show that the source rocks have high organic matter abundance, with II-type organic matter, which are in the mature stage. The (C20+C21)/(C23+C24) tricyclic terpane ratio of 0.66-5.06 and C24 tetracyclic terpane/C26 tricyclic terpane ratio of 0.38-2.25 reflect the characteristics of typical lacustrine source rocks. The Pr/Ph ratio of 0.5-1.0 indicates the reduction environment. The gammacerane/C30 hopane ratio of 0.05-0.41 indicate the strong reducing sedimentary environment, with low water salinity and possible water salinity stratification during the deposition of source rocks. The relationship of Pr/nC17 and Ph/nC18 shows the organic matter is mainly II1 type, and the correlation of C27-C28-C29 steranes reflects that the organic matter is derived from a mixture of lower aquatic organisms and higher terrestrial plants. The Ts/Tm ratio of 0.45-1.82 and C31αβ22S/(22S+22R) ratio of 0.41-0.62 reveal that the source rocks are in the low mature-mature evolution stage, with the maturity of source rocks in the middle and lower parts of Yixian Formation higher than that in the upper part. It is concluded that the source rocks of Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Xiushui Basin were formed in a reduction-strong reduction environment with low water salinity, the mixed source of organic matter is conducive to the enrichment of organic matter, and the Yixian Formation has good prospects for oil-gas exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The isotopic U-Pb chronology of intrusive rocks in HFD-3 well in northern Songliao Basin is analyzed to study the formation age and tectonic evolution and determine the timing of invaded strata. The results show that the weighted average of zircon 206Pb/238U age is 245.5±1.9 Ma, which reflects the crystallization age of intrusive rock is Early-Middle Triassic, indicating the development of Early-Middle Triassic magmatic thermal event in northern Songliao Basin. There are also two groups of zircon ages: 269-295 Ma and 313-353 Ma, with the weighted averages of 289.0±6 Ma and 338.0±3 Ma respectively, indicating the basement or deep part of northern Songliao Basin underwent at least once Carboniferous and Early-Middle Permian volcanic activity and magma emplacement event. The tectonic mechanism leading to the magmatic thermal event should be related to the collision and post-collision extension of Paleo-Asian Ocean. The crystallization emplacement age of dike constrains the upper limit of sedimentary age of strata; that means, the clastic formation was consolidated before 245.5±1.9 Ma. Combined with other geological evidence, it is proved that the clastic rocks belong to the Late Permian Linxi Formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through analysis of rock pyrolysis, saturated hydrocarbon gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and vitrinite reflectance (Ro), the paper studies the abundance, types and maturity of organic matters in the source rocks of Jurassic Beipiao Formation from LLD1 well of Niuyingzi Basin in western Liaoning, and comprehensively evaluates the hydrocarbon generation potential. The results show the TOC is 0.75%-37.9%, averagely 11.68%, with the III- and II2-type of organic matters. The Ro values mainly range from 0.57% to 0.62%, averagely 0.60%, belonging to the low maturity stage. From the above, it is concluded that the Jurassic Beipiao Formation in Niuyingzi Basin has certain hydrocarbon generation potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To report 4 patients with pituitary abscess (PA), and summarize etiology, clinical manifestation, imaging, endocrinological characteristics, treatment and prognosis of PA in combination with literatures review. Methods and Results Four patients (3 cases were primary PA, one case was secondary PA) from January 2015 to August 2019 were included in the study during 534 cases whose sellar region lesion were diagnosed. The main clinical manifestations were headache (4 cases), blurred vision and temporal blindness (4 cases), fatigue and anorexia (4 cases), polyuria (2 cases) and transient hyperthermia (2 cases). MRI showed cystic occupying lesions in the sellar region, with typical enhancement in the cystic wall (4 cases). Endocrinology showed hypothyroidism (4 cases), hypoadrenocorticism (3 cases) and hypogonadism (3 cases). After hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and antibiotic anti-infection treatment, endoscopic transsphenoidal removal of PA was adopted. The clinical symptoms gradually improved. Pituitary function in 3 cases returned to normal, one case still needed HRT. MRI showed no sign of recurrence of PA. Conclusions Early symptoms in PA is prone to hypopituitarism. PA is characterized by edge-enhanced cystic space-occupying lesion in MRI. Endoscopic transsphenoidal removal of PA is the fine-line treatment and the prognosis is good while the patients' recurrence rate is low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Craniopharyngioma is a benign tumor of WHO grade I. As the location of craniopharyngioma is deep, around which the peripheral structure is complex, the tumor adheres closely to the pituitary stalk and hypothalamus, and a small number of craniopharyngioma have the growth characteristics of malignant tumor, the total resection of craniopharyngioma is hard to achieve. Radiotherapy is only effective in some patients and is often associated with complications such as radiation damage to the pituitary and optic nerve. So, the treatment of craniopharyngioma is still challenging for neurosurgeons and endocrinologists. With the development of molecular biology technology, some new findings are made ragarding the pathological classification of craniopharyngioma and its mechanism. The revised 4th edition of 2016 WHO classification of central nervous system tumors classifies craniopharyngioma into adamantinomatous and papillary craniopharyngioma. There are significant differences in clinical susceptibility, histopathological characteristics and genetic changes between two types. These differences not only help to clarify molecular pathological classification of craniopharyngioma, but also provide a theoretical basis for its molecular targeted therapy. However, more transformational studies and multicenter clinical trials are needed to develop more effective molecular targeted therapy drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-invasive microsensing technique has been widely used in evaluating the adaptive responses of plant cells and tissues to abiotic stresses. One of the representative techniques is the microelectrode ion flux estimation (MIFE), which allows concurrent quantification of net fluxes with high spatial and temporal resolution. More importantly, this technique permits simultaneous recording of ion concentration and mobility with less intervention to the in situ physiological status. With the availability of such advanced technique, the last three decades have seen a significant progress towards the role of ion signaling in a variety of abiotic stresses including salinity, extreme temperature, osmotic stress, hypoxia, and drought. In this review, we gave a brief introduction of the MIFE working principles and focused on its applications in detecting ion responses to various abiotic stresses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To enhance resolution of a noisy image, the conventional method adopts a cascaded scheme of denoising followed by super-resolution (SR) reconstruction. However, the denoising algorithm inevitably causes some loss of high-frequency information in the image, especially in non-smooth regions, which significantly influences the quality of the subsequent SR reconstruction. To incorporate all the high-frequency information from the noisy low-resolution (LR) images into the SR reconstruction, a noisy image SR method with adaptive patch-group-cuts (PGCuts) prior is proposed, based on the nonlocally centralized sparse representation (NCSR) model. The proposed method performs denoising and SR reconstruction simultaneously. The PGCuts prior, which is built on a novel 3D neighborhood system and a patch-group model, is able to denoise the image, restore smooth and sharp edges, etc. The edge strength measurement is introduced to adaptively balance the constraint strength of PGCuts prior in reconstruction. As PGCuts constraint is weak in smooth regions, a region-based fusion scheme is also used to further suppress the noise. Reconstruction experiments are conducted on both synthesized and real noisy LR images. It is demonstrated that the proposed method can restore plenty of details in reconstructed SR images while still suppress the noise, giving not only high scores in objective criteria like PSNR and SSIM, but also very good visual effects in non-smooth regions in subjective evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This survey was data from the national economic research team with industry technology system of sheep industry of 16 city, 11 counties of countrywide consumer in 2013 February. Through the analysis of cashmere products in China consumer preferences and satisfaction of cashmere products, we can understand the actual situation of our country's cashmere products consumption, and promote the development of cashmere products consumption. The results show that; the majority of consumer preference pure cashmere, cashmere products more than half of the consumers buy the cashmere content of more than seventy percent, the majority of consumers to accept the cashmere sweater for the price of 2000 yuan, 2000 yuan more than the consumer of the cashmere sweater acceptable proportion is very small, In addition, consumers pay more attention to comfort, price, warmth retention property of cashmere sweater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A beamforming algorithm for multi-base station cooperation based on Game Theory is proposed to suppress the inter-cell interference, which can improve the system performance. The algorithm is an iterative algorithm for maximizing its own interests when the selected strategies of other cells are known. With this algorithm, the user rate maximization is formulated as a utility function optimization problem and is solved in its equivalent form. The Nash Equilibrium existence and uniqueness of the algorithm are also proved. Moreover, the steps of solving Nash Equilibrium are also provided. Numerical simulations show that, compared with non-cooperative algorithm, the proposed algorithm is capable of nulling interfering users and reducing the inter-cell interference with a good convergence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of modern industry puts forward higher and higher re quire me nts to engine e rs ' comprehensive practical ability. Engineering training is indispensable in training qualified talents. In order to improve the quality of the engineering training courses and foster the students ' ability of engineering practice, this paper considers the innovative consciousness, and the teamwork spirit. It summarizes achievements of Engineering Training center of Jilin University in the practice of teaching reform, and points out problems in engineering training of the engineering students. This paper puts forward some measures and suggestions from changing concept, talent reserves, constructing cascade engineering training system, reforming teaching methods and other aspects that for the reform of the practice teaching. It promotes the development of teaching quality of engineering training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on two factor theory, this study classifies the factors affecting customer satisfaction into four types—decisive factors, positive factors, negative factors and neutral factors, and the results give a further explanation of the factors' properties and varied effects on customer satisfaction. By applying regression analysis, the influencing factors are classified hy the specific statistical properties to rate the importance of these factors and then some countermeasures are put forward. The empirical results show that product quality, logistics and distribution are the decisive factors, which significantly affect customer satisfaction; product information, shopping process, platform construction and product category are the positive factors; payment method and after-sale service belong to the negative factors; and discount is a neutral factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking two medium-maturing indica rice hybrids Jinyou 63 and Shanyou 63 as test materials, this paper studied the effects of applying silicon fertilizer on the flag leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic properties, antioxidant enzyme activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, pollen vigor, anther acid invertase activity, pollination, and seed-setting of hybrid rice under the heat stress during anthesis. This study was conducted in pots and under growth chamber. Soluble solution of silicon fertilizer applied as Na2 SiO3 · 9H2 O was sprayed on the growing plants after early jointing stage, with three times successively and at an interval of one week. The pots were then moved into growth chamber to subject to normal temperature vs. high temperature (termed as heat stress) for five days. In treatment normal temperature, the average daily temperature was set at 26.6 °C, and the maximum daily temperature was set at 29. 4 °C in treatment high temperature, the average and the maximum daily temperature were set at 33. 2 °C and 40. 1 °C, respectively. As compared with the control, applying silicon increased the flag leaf chlorophyll content significantly, improved the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance, decreased the accumulative inter cellular CO2 concentration, improved the leaf photosynthesis, reduced the MDA content, and improved the activities of SOD, POD and CAT under heat stress. In addition, applying silicon improved the anther acid invertase activity and the pollen vigor, increased the anther basal dehiscence width, total number of pollination per stigma, germinated number, germination rate of pollen, and percentage of florets with more than 10 germinated pollen grains, decreased the percentage of florets with fewer than 20 germinated pollen grains, and thus, alleviated the fertility loss of Jinyou 63 and Shanyou 63 under heat stress by 13. 4% and 14. 1%, respectively. It was suggested that spraying exogenous silicon in the early growth period of rice could mitigate the decrease of seed-setting at flowering stage, and improve the heat resistance of hybrid rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the investigations of fish resources in Jingpo Lake and Wudalianchi Lakes in 2008-2011 and the historical data, this paper analyzed the characteristics of ichthyofauna and its community diversity in volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China. The ichthyofauna in the volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China was consisted of 64 native species, belonging to 47 genera, 16 families, and 9 orders, among which, one species was the second class National protected wild animal, four species were Chinese endemic species, and five species were Chinese vulnerable species. In the 64 recorded species, there were 44 species of Cypriniformes order and 37 species of Cyprinidae family dominated, respectively. The ichthyofauna in the volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China was formed by 7 fauna complexes, among which, the eastern plain fauna complex was dominant, the common species from the South and the North occupied 53.1%, and the northern endemic species took up 46.9%. The Shannon, Fisher-α, Pielou, Margalef, and Simpson indices of the ichthyofauna were 2.078, 4.536, 0.575, 3.723, and 0.269, respectively, and the abundance distribution pattern of native species accorded with lognormal model. The Bray-Curtis, Morisita-Horn, Ochiai, Sørensen, and Whittaker indices between the communities of ichthyofauna in the volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China and the Jingpo Lake were 0.820, 0.992, 0.870, 0.862 and 0.138, respectively, and those between the communities of ichthyofauna in the volcanic barrier lakes and the Wudalianchi Lakes were 0.210, 0.516, 0.838, 0.825, and 0.175, respectively. The ichthyofauna in volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China was characterized by the mutual infiltration between the South and the North, and the overlap and transition between the Palaeoarctic realm and the Oricetal realm. It was suggested that the ichthyofauna community species diversity in the volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China was higher, the species structure was more stable, but the species richness trended to decrease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study on pathogenic multiplex infection on fur-animals caused by Pseudonomas aerudinosa, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Proteus. It notes that the disease was first detected between 2006-2007 in fur-animal farms at six regions of in Shandong Sheng, China with symptoms of abortion bitches, pink liquid discharge from nostrils, asthma diarrhea. Through the use of phylogenetic trees, it provided useful approaches to the cause and evidence for its prevention and cure.

In air traffic management, the controller uses the control instruction to adjust the aircraft status, and the pilot confirms by repeating the control instruction. The correct understanding of control instruction is of great significance to flight safety. This paper proposes a new method of air traffic control information extraction, which is based on pre-training and fine tuning of the pre-training language model. It uses transfer learning to extract regulatory information under the condition of small samples. This method can not only reduce the cost of training data annotation, but also improve the accuracy of information extraction. The simulation results show that the accuracy of the new model is not less than 98%, and the key information in the control instructions can be extracted effectively. This method can improve the intelligence of air traffic control system, assist controllers to understand the contents of control instructions, support flight conflict detection, and ensure air transport safety.

According to the fact that current condition evaluation models lay more emphasis on the static observations of characteristic parameters and less on trend information inherent in sequential observations, a new condition evaluation model with static and dynamic evaluations is proposed. For the weighting of multi-dimensional characteristic parameters, a mutative scale chaos algorithm is applied to achieve optimal objective weighting, and a static condition evaluation model is established. Based on static evaluation, a "distance" which measures real-time deteriorating speed and standard deteriorating speed is opted to modify the static evaluation result. NSD-WKFCM (neighbor sample density weighted kernel fuzzy C-means) clustering algorithm is used to solve standard vector of deteriorating speed. A dynamic adjusting function based on "distance" combined with its parameter optimization algorithm is proposed, and the complete dynamic condition evaluation model is established. A case study is performed to verify the effectiveness of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the gun firing, the in-bore air column compressed by the projectile is ejected from the muzzle to the external ambience to form the precursor flow field, and has a great effect on the development of the subsequent propellant flow and the movement of the projectile even reduces the shooting accuracy. Thus, it is important to study this effect mechanism. The muzzle flow with a complicated projectile is simulated numerically by using second order AUSM + scheme with MUSCL interpolation method. Multi-domain structured grids are employed to solve ALE governing equations. The real shooting conditions, for example, moving projectile, precursor and propellant flow, interior ballistics conditions are considered in the simulations. Two cases, with or without precursor flow field, are also predicted and the resulted shadowgraphs with precursor flow coincide with the experimental ones. And then flow patterns and development of the propellant flow field in these two cases are discussed in detail to reveal the effect of the precursor flow based on the numerical results. It is demonstrated that the precursor flow is the essential condition for the generation of the bow shock ahead of the projectile. And the maximal stagnation pressure in the area near the muzzle increases more than 2 times for the precursor flow relatively to the condition without it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The processes of a high-speed projectile flying away from the bores through different muzzle brakes were numerically simulated by using the high resolution Roe scheme and the structured dynamic mesh techniques based on the two-dimensional unsteady Euler equation. The calculated results describe the evolution process of muzzle blast wave structures of different muzzle brakes (without muzzle brake, a three-way muzzle brake and a multi-cavity muzzle brake), and the interaction and evolution processes of them and the projectile are visualized clearly in the computational schlieren images. The numerical results agree well with our previous corresponding experimental shadowgraphs. Moreover, the reducing mechanism of recoil impulse of muzzle brake and the distribution of overpressure areas around the muzzle were discussed in detail, which can praide important guidance for improving the muzzle brake design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the genetic characteristics of a fetus with a high risk by maternal serum screening during the second trimester., Methods: Genetic counseling was provided to the pregnant woman on March 22, 2020 at Henan Provincial People's Hospital. G-banded chromosomal karyotyping and array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) were carried out on the amniotic fluid sample and peripheral blood samples from the couple., Results: The fetus and the pregnant woman were respectively found to have a 46,XX,der(6)t(6;14)(q27;q31.2) and 46,XX,t(6;14)(q27;q31.2) karyotype, whilst the husband was found to have a normal karyotype. aCGH analysis has identified a 6.64 Mb deletion at 6q26q27 and a 19.98 Mb duplication at 14q31.3q32.33 in the fetus, both of which were predicted to be pathogenic copy number variations. No copy number variation was found in the couple., Conclusion: The unbalanced chromosome abnormalities in the fetus have probably derived from the balanced translocation carried by the pregnant woman. aCGH can help to determine the types of fetal chromosome abnormalities and site of chromosomal breakage, which may facilitate the prediction of fetal outcome and choice for subsequent pregnancies.

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and genetic basis of two Chinese pedigrees affected with Joubert syndrome., Methods: Clinical data of the two pedigrees was collected. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples and subjected to high-throughput sequencing. Candidate variants were verified by Sanger sequencing. Prenatal diagnosis was carried out for a high-risk fetus from pedigree 2., Results: The proband of pedigree 1 was a fetus at 23 +5 weeks gestation, for which both ultrasound and MRI showed "cerebellar vermis malformation" and "molar tooth sign". No apparent abnormality was noted in the fetus after elected abortion. The fetus was found to harbor c.812+3G>T and c.1828G>C compound heterozygous variants of the INPP5E gene, which have been associated with Joubert syndrome type 1. The proband from pedigree 2 had growth retardation, mental deficiency, peculiar facial features, low muscle tone and postaxial polydactyly of right foot. MRI also revealed "cerebellar dysplasia" and "molar tooth sign". The proband was found to harbor c.485C>G and c.1878+1G>A compound heterozygous variants of the ARMC9 gene, which have been associated with Joubert syndrome type 30. Prenatal diagnosis found that the fetus only carried the c.485C>G variant. A healthy infant was born, and no anomalies was found during the follow-up., Conclusion: The compound heterozygous variants of the INPP5E and ARMC9 genes probably underlay the disease in the two pedigrees. Above finding has expanded the spectrum of pathogenic variants underlying Joubert syndrome and provided a basis for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.

The butylphthalide(NBP), a colorless or light yellow viscous oily component isolated from celery seeds, has the effects of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, protecting blood-brain barrier, improving cerebral microcirculation, and promoting angiogenesis. It can protect the neurological function of patients with ischemic stroke through a variety of mechanisms, improve the symptoms of patients, and contribute to the long-term recovery of them. Therefore, independently developed in China, NBP was approved by State Food and Drug Administration for the clinical treatment of stroke patients in 2002. At the same time, owing to the complex multi-target pharmacological mechanism, NBP has been frequently used in clinical practice. As frequently verified, it has obvious effects in the treatment of other neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, Parkinson's disease, autoimmune diseases, depression, traumatic central nervous system injury. Moreover, it demonstrates significant pharmacological effects on non-neurological diseases such as diabetes mellitus and myocardial infarction. Therefore, this study summarizes the research progress on roles of NBP in nervous system diseases and non-nervous system diseases, and the pharmacological characteristics and mechanisms of NBP, which is expected to lay a basis for research on related targets.

Objective: To explore the genetic basis for a Chinese pedigree affected with mental retardation., Methods: G-banded karyotyping analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism microarray (SNP array) were used to detect the genetic variants within the family, and the origin of the variants was analyzed using UPDtool Statistics software., Results: The patient, a 26-year-old female, was found to have a chromosomal karyotype of 46,XX,dup(4)(q28.2q31.3),and SNP array revealed a 25.71 Mb duplication at 4q28.2-q31.3. The duplication was inherited from her father, and her fetus was found to carry the same duplication., Conclusion: The duplication of the patient probably underlay the mental retardation. The gender of the carrier and parental origin of the duplication might have led to the variation in their clinical phenotype.

Objective: To investigate the expressions of microRNAs in peripheral blood of patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia(ITP) and its correlation with the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells., Methods: Thirty patients with ITP (ITP group) and 15 healthy people (control group) were enrolled．Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expressions of six miRNAs (miR-107,miR-205-5p,miR-138-5p,miR-326,miR-1827,miR-185-5p) and Th1-specific transcription factor T-bet mRNA and Th2-specific transcription factor GATA-3 mRNA in the peripheral blood of the two groups. Th1 and Th2 cells were detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of Th1-cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ and Th2-cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 were detected by AimPlex multiple immunoassays for Flow. The expression difference of miRNAs, mRNA, Th1, Th2 cells and cytokines of the two groups were compared, and the correlations of miRNAs to mRNA, Th1, Th2 cells and cytokines were analyzed in ITP group., Results: The expressions of miRNAs（miR-107, miR-205-5p, miR-138-5p, miR-326, miR-1827, miR-185-5p）and Th2-specific transcription factor GATA-3 mRNA of the patients in ITP group were significantly decreased (P<0.05) as compared with those in control, while the expressions of Th1 cells and Th1-specific transcription factor T-bet mRNA and Th1-cytokines TNF-α were significantly increased (P<0.05), also for the ratios of T-bet mRNA/GATA-3 mRNA and Th1/Th2 cells were significantly increased (P<0.05). The relative expressions of miR-107, miR-205-5p, miR-138-5p in ITP patients were negatively correlated with Th2 cells (r=-0.411, r=-0.593, r=-0.403,P<0.05) and the relative expression of miR-1827 was negatively correlated with TNF-α (r=-0.390)., Conclusion: The relative expressions of the six miRNAs in peripheral blood of patients with ITP are significantly decreased, which result in the increasing ratio of T-bet mRNA/GATA-3 mRNA, then lead to the imbalance of Th1/Th2.

Objective: To explore the genetic basis for a Chinese pedigree affected with non-syndromic cleft lip and cleft palate (NSCLP)., Methods: With informed consent obtained, members of the pedigree were subjected to clinical examination and history taking to exclude syndromic cleft lip and palate. One affected member was subjected to whole-exome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing and co-segregation analysis of her family members and 100 unrelated healthy individuals., Results: Whole-exome sequencing and co-segregation analysis showed that all affected members of this pedigree have carried a heterozygous missense c.253A>G (p.Cys85Arg) variant in exon 4 of the IRF6 gene, which has co-segregated with the phenotype and was not found among the 100 unrelated healthy individuals., Conclusion: The missense c.253A>G variant in exon 4 of the IRF6 gene probably underlay the NSCLP in this pedigree.

Objective: To study the efficiency of heart rate (HR) and heart rate difference (HRD) at different time points during head-up tilt test (HUTT) in the diagnosis of postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) in children and adolescents., Methods: A total of 217 children and adolescents, aged 6-16 years, who were diagnosed with POTS were enrolled as the POTS group, and 73 healthy children and adolescents, matched for sex and age, were enrolled as the control group. The POTS group was further divided into ≤12 years old group with 127 children/adolescents and >12 years old group with 90 children/adolescents. The two groups were compared in terms of HR at baseline and at 5 and 10 minutes of HUTT (HR0, HR5, and HR10 respectively), difference between HR5/HR10 and HR0 (HRD5 and HRD10 respectively). The efficiency of HR5, HR10, HRD5 and HRD10 in the diagnosis of POTS was assessed., Results: Compared with the control group, the POTS group had significant increases in HR5, HR10, HRD5, and HRD10 (P<0.05). The coincidence rate of HR or HRD for the diagnosis of POTS in males was higher than that in females at 5 minutes of HUTT (P<0.05), while the coincidence rate of HR or HRD for the diagnosis of POTS in males was lower than that in females at 10 minutes of HUTT (P<0.05). The coincidence rate of HR for the diagnosis of POTS was higher in the >12 years old subgroup (P<0.05), while the coincidence rate of HRD for the diagnosis of POTS was higher in the ≤12 years old subgroup (P<0.05). The combination of HR5, HR10, HRD5, and HRD10 for the diagnosis of POTS had a greater area under the curve (0.974; 95%CI: 0.949-0.989) than HR5, HR10, HRD5, or HRD10 alone, with a sensitivity of 87.80% and a specificity of 95.83%. The diagnostic efficacy of HRD for POTS was higher than that of HR (P<0.05)., Conclusions: HR and HRD at different time points during HUTT have a good value in the diagnosis of POTS in children and adolescents, and the accuracy of diagnosis varies with age and gender.