Search

This study systematically reviewed the Chinese and international laws, regulations and scientific guidelines regarding novel food raw materials. It clarified the basic definition of “novel food raw materials” and related concepts at home and abroad, and elaborated on the changes in the nomenclature and types of novel food raw materials in China. It also gave a brief overview of the categories and scope of novel food raw materials abroad, a general explanation of declaration information and approval management of novel food raw materials, a brief summary of China’s standards for testing novel food raw materials, and a detailed review of various analytical methods for non-microbial novel food raw materials such as liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry in order to provide reference for the standardization and uniform detection of novel food raw materials in China.

The inert surface of high-modulus carbon fiber leads to the weak interface between it and the resin matrix， which limits the performance of high-modulus carbon fiber composite in many application scenarios. Anodic oxidation is the only surface treatment technology that can be combined with carbon fiber production lines until now，but the commonly used alkaline electrolytes represented by ammonium bicarbonate exhibit limited effect on the oxidation of high-modulus carbon fiber. The acidic electrolyte system has stronger oxidation ability， lacks systematic researches on anodizing mechanism . In this paper， dilute sulfuric acid was used for the anodic oxidation for carbon fiber with a modulus of 371 GPa. The effects of key factors such as current density， electrolyte concentration on the polar structure of the surface of high-modulus carbon fiber were systematically studied， and then the effects of surface treatment on the interfacial shear strength of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites were investigated. The correlation between surface treatment factors and interfacial properties of composites was established. The results show that after the treatment， the surface morphology and graphitized structure of the carbon fiber are maintained， and oxidation reactions occur in the amorphous carbon and aromatic ring structure regions of the carbon fiber. After the reaction， the graphitization degree of the fiber decreases apparently， the surface energy increases， and the content of surface oxygen-containing functional groups increases. When sulfuric acid concentration is 1.0%（mass fraction） and current density is 0.26 mA/cm2， the surface energy of carbon fiber is the highest （57.7 mN/m）， which is 62.08% higher than that of untreated carbon fiber. The interfacial shear strength between carbon fiber and epoxy resin reaches 80.9 MPa， which is 2.7 times higher than that of untreated one corresponding to 21.8 MPa.Furthermore， the single fiber tensile strength of the treated carbon fiber exhibits undamaged.

ObjectiveTo utilize whole genome sequencing to comprehensively compare and analyze the genomic characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes （L. monocytogenes） and Listeria innocua （L. innocua） isolated from commercially available foods in Gansu Province.MethodsDuring 2021 and 2022， 25 strains of L. monocytogenes and 7 strains of L. innocua were isolated from commercially available food sources within Gansu Province and subjected to whole genome sequencing for phylogenetic lineage， clonal complex （CC）， sequence type （ST）， virulence gene， resistance gene， and pan-genome analyses.ResultsThe 32 Listeria strains examined could be classified into three distinct groups： L. monocytogenes lineages Ⅰ and Ⅱ and L. innocua. Considering their CC types， further subdivision into 10 subgroups was observed for L. monocytogenes， whereas L. innocua had 5 subgroups. Core genome multi-locus sequence typing effectively differentiated strains with different CC types within each lineage， with lineage Ⅰ showing a closer evolutionary relationship with L. innocua. All 25 L. monocytogenes strains carried Listeria pathogenicity island 1 （LIPI-1） and internalin genes； none carried LIPI-3， and 2 strains of ST87 carried LIPI-4. Conversely， none of the seven strains of L. innocua carried LIPI-1 or internalin genes； however， they all carried LIPI-4， and 5 carried LIPI-3. Among the L. monocytogenes strains， 16 carried surface sensory island 1 （SSI-1）， and 3 carried SSI-2； all 7 L. innocua strains did not carry SSI-1， but 6 of them carried SSI-2. The pan-genome size of L. monocytogenes increased linearly with the number of sequenced genomes. Upon reaching 15 strains， the number of core genes stabilized at 2 272， accounting for 46.2% of the pan-genome genes. Furthermore， 1 487 common core genes were shared between the 25 L. monocytogenes strains and 7 L. innocua strains， with the count tending to stabilize when the strain count reached 10.ConclusionMulti-locus sequence typing of the core genome can effectively distinguish among Listeria strains originating from different lineages and CCs. The similarity in the biochemical characteristics of L. monocytogenes and L. innocua is due to their close genetic relationship， while the differences in their pathogenicity can be attributed to the presence of certain virulence genes in L. monocytogenes.

Membranous nephropathy （MN） is a common cause of adult nephrotic syndrome. Rituximab, a type Ⅰ anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, is an effective treatment of MN. However, its response rate is merely 60% during a follow-up period of up to 24 months. Obinutuzumab is a type Ⅱ humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody modified by glycosylation. As compared with rituximab, it can cause a more severe depletion of B lymphocyte so as to demonstrate a better efficacy for some hematological malignancies. Currently obinutuzumab is applied for lupus nephritis and kidney transplantation. Based upon its definite efficacy, some centers have promoted using obinutuzumab for MN. This review summarized the clinical application of obinutuzumab.

As a novel widely used drug, sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitor may lower blood glucose in type 2 diabetics through blocking SGLT2 to curtain glucose reabsorption in proximal renal tubular cells. At the same time, this drug may bring significant renal and cardiovascular benefits to both diabetics and non-diabetics. Human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) from peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients can express SGLT. Studies of SGLT2 inhibitors in PD have been reported in in vitro or animal experiments. Using SGLT2 inhibitors in PD patients can reduce peritoneal glucose absorption and delay the progress of peritoneal fibrosis. At the same time, prolonged use of peritoneum and maintenance of transport function are conducive to ensuring dialysis adequacy and optimizing the prognosis. However, application of SGLT2 inhibitors during PD has not attracted extensive attention. This review focused upon the developments of peritoneal glucose metabolism and SGLT2 inhibitors during PD.

Background In recent years, with the aging of the population and the change of lifestyles, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a high prevalence of malignancies, the duration of T2DM and the use of T2DM drugs may accelerate the occurrence of malignant tumor. Objective To analyze the risk of incidence and influencing factors of malignant tumors in patients with T2DM. Methods Patients with T2DM who were first treated or diagnosed at the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from October, 2011 to December, 2020 were prospectively included, with the follow-up termination date of September 30, 2021. The information of tumor incidence and full cause of death of patients were obtained by matching the ID information with the linkage records of the chronic disease tumor registration system and the cause of death registration system of Nantong City. The crudeincidence rate (CIR) and standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of malignant tumors among T2DM patients were calculated separately by gender. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to explore the effects of the duration of T2DM and drug use on the incidence of malignant tumor in T2DM patients. Results A total of 12 006 patients with T2DM were included in this study, involving 6 328 males (52.71%) and 5 678 females (47.29%). After 56 371 person-years of observation (29 543 person-years for males and 26 824 person-years for females), 601 patients with malignant tumor and 11 405 patients with T2DM alone were observed. The CIR of malignant tumor in T2DM patients was 1 093.24/100 000 in men and 1 032.51/100 000 in women, respectively. The top five combined tumors in T2DM patients are colorectal cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, and prostate cancer in male, while breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer in female. The incidences of colorectal cancer (SIR=2.03), prostate cancer (SIR=2.24), pancreatic cancer (SIR=1.75), kidney cancer (SIR=4.25), thyroid cancer (SIR=3.50) were higher in male T2DM patients than general population, while the incidences of lung cancer (SIR=0.61) and esophageal cancer (SIR=0.22) were lower than general population. The incidences of breast cancer (SIR=2.59), colorectal cancer (SIR=1.57), pancreatic cancer (SIR=2.10), endometrial cancer (SIR=2.83), kidney cancer (SIR=3.67), thyroid cancer (SIR=4.00) were higher in female T2DM patients than general population, while the incidence of esophageal cancer (SIR=0.27) was lower than general population. Compared with T2DM patients with disease duration of 1 to

Objective To compare the application value of the likelihood ratio （LR） method and identity by state （IBS） method in the identification involving half sibling relationships， and to provide a reference for the setting of relevant standards for identification of half sibling relationship. Methods （1） Based on the same genetic marker combinations， the reliability of computer simulation method was verified by comparing the distributions of cumulated identity by state score （CIBS） and combined full sibling index in actual cases with the distributions in simulated cases. （2） In different numbers of three genetic marker combinations, the simulation of full sibling, half sibling and unrelated individual pairs, each 1 million pairs, was obtained; the CIBS, as well as the corresponding types of cumulative LR parameters， were calculated. （3） The application value of LR method was compared with that of IBS method， by comparing the best system efficiency provided by LR method and IBS method when genetic markers in different amounts and of different types and accuracy were applied to distinguish the above three relational individual pairs. （4） According to the existing simulation data， the minimum number of genetic markers required to distinguish half siblings from the other two relationships using different types of genetic markers was estimated by curve fitting. Results （1） After the rank sum test， under the premise that the real relationship and the genetic marker combination tested were the same， there was no significant difference between the simulation method and the results obtained in the actual case. （2） In most cases， under the same conditions， the system effectiveness obtained by LR method was greater than that by IBS method. （3） According to the existing data， the number of genetic markers required for full-half siblings and half sibling identification could be obtained by curve fitting when the system effectiveness reached 0.95 or 0.99. Conclusion When distinguishing half sibling from full sibling pairs or unrelated pairs， it is recommended to give preference to the LR method， and estimate the required number of markers according to the identification types and the population data， to ensure the identification effect.

At present, in drilling design and evaluation, the shape of hydraulic flushing hole is usually equivalent to cylinder, which is one of the important bases to determine the effective extraction radius. However, the shape of hole is subject to the joint action of many factors, so the scientific nature of the equivalent shape to cylinder remains to be discussed. By adopting the factors of gravity, friction, water force and in-situ stress of coal and rock mass, and introducing the parallel Bergmark-Roos equation and PKN model, the BR-PKN equation describing the pore shape is established, and the pore shape is reconstructed by MATLAB. In order to verify its accuracy, data are collected and analyzed by using YZD18.5 logging tool in the field, and the hole section is drawn. The equivalent ellipsoidal and cylindrical holes are simulated by COMSOL. The results show that the shape of the holes drawn by MATLAB is ellipsoid with different three axes. The shape of the drawn hole is basically consistent with that in MATLAB. Compared with cylindrical holes, the extraction radius, desorption surface area and effective extraction volume of quasi-ellipsoid holes are 93%, 80% and 117% respectively, which provides a basis for drilling layout.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common type of domestic violence, which not only harms the victim's physical and mental health and life safety but also leads to the degradation of marriage, family, and children's development. IPV occurs among all socioeconomic, religious, and cultural groups. About a quarter of Chinese women have suffered some forms of IPV from their partner. Most patients will not present to the clinic with IPV. It is difficult yet essential for clinicians to quickly identify possible IPV among various non-specific symptoms and signs. There are no official guidelines for diagnosing and treating IPV in China, and the Chinese literature on IPV is scarce. This paper summarizes the evidence in English literature on IPV, focusing on the clinical outcome, identification, and management techniques of IPV, and attempts to discuss how this evidence can be applied to China.

Objective To analyze the status of proficiency testing samples in the field of laboratory animal testing, and to evaluate the role of the testing samples in the laboratory animal laboratory proficiency testing program.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted to compare the 30 proficiency testing plans and reports in the field of laboratory animal organized by National Institute for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC) from 2013 to 2022. The type, quantity, preparation method, homogeneity and stability of the proficiency testing samples, as well as the satisfaction of the participating units to the samples were analyzed. Then, the supply of new samples, the addition of quantitative projects, the improvement of stability research and the attention to customer needs were discussed.ResultsThe 30 proficiency testing programs included 10 items in the direction of bacteria, 10 items in the direction of virus and 10 items in the direction of genetics in the field of experimental animals. A total of 80 non-nucleic acid samples (including serums, feces, tracheal flushing fluid and proteins) and 4 nucleic acid samples were provided, all of which were qualitative samples. Compared with nucleic acid samples, non-nucleic acid samples always required large numbers of animals for sample preparation. The pass rate of homogeneity verification of the sample was 100%, but there is no quantitative study at present. Stability verification can be conducted for the short-term storage, transportation, freeze-thaw, different concentrations and terminal stability of different samples, but it lacks long-term stability verification.ConclusionIn the past ten years, the proficiency testing samples have basically met the basic requirements of the proficiency testing plan of laboratory animal testing area. However, the provision of nucleic acid samples should be reasonably increased; quantitative research samples and projects should be added; the influence of proficiency testing in the field of laboratory animal testing should be continuously expanded and maintain high-quality services.

As the cavitation is a long - term disturbing problem in hydropower industry, carrying out anti - cavitation research for hydropower machinery is of great significance for promoting hydropower development and scientific carbon reduction. In this work, the cavitation mechanism and prevention strategy for hydropower mechinery were briefly explained. Based on this, the current research status and application of anti - cavitation coating materials were emphatically discussed. Finally, the current problems and the future research direction of new anti - cavitation materials were prospected.

ObjectiveTo prepare the standard sample for quantitative analysis of okadaic acid （OA） and dinophysistoxins-1 （DTX1） based on the mixed matrix of Pectinidae and Prorocentrum lima.MethodsPectinidae tissue and algae mud of Prorocentrum lima containing OA and DTX1 were used as raw materials. The matrix OA and DTX1 reference materials were prepared by mixing and freeze-drying. The qualitative confirmation， uniformity and stability test and collaborative constant value analysis were carried out.ResultsIt was confirmed that the reference materials contained OA and DTX1. The homogeneity was good by variance analysis （F test）. The long-term stability and short-term stability under simulated transportation conditions were investigated， and the materials performance was stable. The characteristic standard value and uncertainty of OA and DTX1 in the reference materials were （7.039 ± 0.272） mg/kg （k = 2） and （2.012 ± 0.021） mg/kg （k = 2）， respectively.ConclusionThe mixed matrix reference material can fill the absence of such reference material in China at present. It can be used for laboratory quality control such as test method verification， test process quality control and capability verification.

Objective: This study provided basic data for the investigation of polysaccharides in coffee and the development of natural active polysaccharides. Methods: The water extraction method and antioxidant activity of green coffee beans polysaccharide (GBP) from Yunnan province. Response surface method was used to optimize the extraction process of polysaccharide from coffee bean. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to identify and characterize the structure of polysaccharide from coffee bean. DPPH, ABTS free radical scavenging assay and FRAP assay were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of coffee bean polysaccharide in vitro. Results: The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: extracting at 59 ℃ for 45 min, liquid-solid ratio (VW∶m) 21∶1 (mL/g), concentrated volume 1/8 and ethanol volume fraction 75%. Under the control of these conditions, the yield of polysaccharides from coffee beans reached 9.56%. The results of FT-IR and electron microscopy showed that the polysaccharide of coffee bean had irregular pore structure. The DPPH scavenging capacity and ABTS radical scavenging capacity of coffee bean polysaccharide was 2.32 mg/mL (IC50) and 0.011 mmol Trolox/g GBP, respectively. The iron reducing capacity of coffee bean polysaccharide was 0.95 mmol Fe2+/g GBP. Conclusion: Polysaccharide derived from green coffee beans is a kind of polysaccharide with irregular pores and antioxidant activity, which is valuable for further research and development.

Objective To explore expression changes of high affinity IgG receptor Fc-gamma Ⅰ type(FcγRⅠ) in brain cortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease(AD). Methods Normal human brain tissue samples and brain tissue samples with neuropathological diagnosis of AD, wild type mice and APP/PS1 mice were used. Immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to define cellular localization and expression of FcγRⅠ in cerebral cortex. Results FcγRⅠ was generally expressed in neurons of human and mouse cerebral cortex. Compared with normal human brain, FcγRⅠ expression in AD human brain cortex decreased significantly(P＜0.05). Compared with wild type mouse brain, FcγRⅠ expression in cerebral cortex of AD mouse models also decreased significantly(P＜0.05). Conclusions The expression of IgG high affinity receptor FcγRⅠ in AD human brain and cerebral cortex of AD mouse models decreases significantly that suggestes that FcγRⅠ is potentially correlated with AD neuropathological pathogenesis.

Objective To investigate the effect of astragaloside Ⅳ on the injury of SK⁃N⁃SH cell in Parkinson's disease (PD) induced by 1 ⁃ methy ⁃ 4 ⁃ phenylpyridine (MPP＋) and its mechanism. Methods Human neuroblastoma cell line SK ⁃N ⁃SH was cultured to logarithmic growth stage, which were randomized to routine culture (control group), MPP＋ induction (MPP＋ group), astragaloside Ⅳ 10 mg/ml + MPP＋ induction (astragaloside Ⅳ 10 mg/ml group), astragaloside Ⅳ 30 mg/ml + MPP＋ induction (astragaloside Ⅳ 30 mg/ml group), astragaloside Ⅳ 30 mg/ml + MPP＋ induction + Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitor AG490 (JAK2 inhibitor group). Cell survival was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was detected by DCFH ⁃ DA fluorescence probe, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were detected by enzyme method. And the relative expression levels of phosphorylated Janus kinase 2 (pJAK2) and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3) proteins in JAK2 ⁃ STAT3 signal transducer pathway were detected by Western blotting. Results There were significant differences in cell survival rate (P = 0.000), apoptosis rate (P = 0.000), ROS content (P = 0.000), LDH activity (P = 0.000), SOD activity (P = 0.003), pJAK2 (P = 0.000) and pSTAT3 (P = 0.000) proteins relative expression levels among different SK ⁃ N ⁃ SH groups. Further pairwise comparison showed that compared with the control group, the cell survival rate (P = 0.000, 0.001, 0.049, 0.000), SOD activity (P = 0.000, 0.002, 0.012, 0.000), relative expression levels of pJAK2 (P = 0.003, 0.006, 0.036, 0.002) and pSTAT3 (P = 0.001, 0.002, 0.024, 0.001) proteins were decreased in MPP＋ group, astragaloside Ⅳ 10 mg/ml and 30 mg/ml groups, JAK2 inhibitor group, but the cell apoptosis rate (P = 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, 0.000), ROS content (P = 0.000, 0.001, 0.002, 0.000) and LDH activity (P = 0.000, 0.002, 0.038, 0.000) were increased. Compared with MPP＋ group, the survival rate (P = 0.016, 0.000), SOD activity (P = 0.003, 0.001), relative expression of pJAK2 (P = 0.013, 0.002) and pSTAT3 (P = 0.018, 0.002) proteins increased in astragaloside Ⅳ 10 mg/ml and 30 mg/ml groups, which the apoptosis rate (P = 0.021, 0.008), ROS content (P = 0.031, 0.003) and LDH activity (P = 0.001, 0.000) decreased. Compared with astragaloside Ⅳ 10 mg/ml group, the cell survival rate (P = 0.002), SOD activity (P = 0.027), relative expression of pJAK2 (P = 0.007) and pSTAT3 (P = 0.006) proteins were increased in astragaloside Ⅳ 30 mg/ml group, but ROS content (P = 0.019) and LDH activity (P = 0.011) decreased, while apoptosis rate (P = 0.016), ROS content (P = 0.030) and LDH activity (P = 0.004) increased in JAK2 inhibitor group, and SOD activity (P = 0.004), the relative expression of pJAK2 (P = 0.001) and pSTAT3 (P = 0.005) proteins were decreased. Compared with astragaloside Ⅳ 30 mg/ml group, cell survival rate (P = 0.001), SOD activity (P = 0.001), the relative expression of pJAK2 (P = 0.000) and pSTAT3 (P = 0.001) proteins in JAK2 inhibitor group were decreased, but the apoptosis rate (P = 0.004), ROS content (P = 0.002) and LDH activity (P = 0.001) were increased. Conclusions Astragaloside Ⅳ can reduce MPP＋ induced SK ⁃ N ⁃ SH cell injury in PD, which may be related to the activation of JAK2 ⁃ STAT3 signal transducer pathway.

Due to the existence of the associated gas, the spiral weld of a pipeline in Tahe Oilfield was cracked.In order to clarify the failure reason of spiral weld of the pipeline and provide effective guidance for future pipeline corrosion control, the macro morphology of the cracked part of the spiral weld of the associated gas pipeline, the part far away from the weld and the material surface at both ends of the defect were observed, respectively.The composition of material was analyzed by fluorescence spectrometer.The micro morphology and element components of the cracked part were observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray energy dispersive spectrum, and the cracking reason of the spiral weld of the associated gas pipeline were analyzed.Results showed that the fracture of the associated gas pipeline was the result of hydrogen induced cracking(HIC)and sulfide stress corrosion cracking(SSCC)caused by high content of H2S in the associated gas in the pipeline.The middle of the fissure(i.e.the widest part)was the starting point of the crack.

In order to solve the problem of acid corrosion in crude oil extraction, two double condensed Schiff base corrosion inhibitors XFJ - 1 and XFJ - 2 were synthesized by the solvent method. The corrosion inhibition performance at the environment of 90 ℃ and 15%(mass fraction) HCl was evaluated by static weightless method and polarization curve method, and the corrosion inhibition mechanism of XFJ - 1 and XFJ - 2 was explained by simulation method from the molecular level. Results showed that when the mass fraction of the two inhibition was 1.0%, respectively, the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the two corrosion inhibitors reached 82.90% and 99.46%, respectively, and simultaneously suppressed the cathodic and anodic reactions of N80 steel. The adsorption forms were consistent with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The simulation results indicated that the corrosion inhibitor molecules would mainly accept or provide electrons through the benzene ring and the C=N double bond. The reactivity and adsorption energy of the XFJ - 2 corrosion inhibitor were greater than those of XFJ - 1, which was also consistent with the experimental data, indicating that the corrosion inhibition effect of XJF - 2 was better than that of XJF - 1.

BackgroundThe role of microsatellite instability in the progression of endometrial cancer, a common cancer in women, has obtained increasing attentions in recent years. However, there are few studies regarding the association of microsatellite instability with clinicopathologic features and prognosis in patients with endometrial cancer.ObjectiveTo investigate the microsatellite instability and its clinical significance in patients with endometrial carcinoma.MethodsA total of 248 endometrial cancer patients who underwent surgery in Shiyan People's Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine from January 2015 to December 2020 were selected. Their cancer tissue specimens were collected to detect the expression of MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 by immunohistochemistry. Relations of microsatellite instability with clinicopathologic features and prognosis were analyzed.ResultsThe rates of lost expression of MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 were 32.6% (78/239) , 22.2% (53/239) , 2.9% (7/239) and 65.7% (157/239) , respectively, in patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma. For those with endometrial squamous cell carcinoma, the rates of lost expression of MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 were 5/5, 3/5, 5/5 and 4/5, respectively. And rates of lost expression of MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 were 4/4, 2/4, 3/4, and 2/4, respectively, in those with endometrial clear cell carcinoma. The rates of lost expression of MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 varied significantly by the pathological pattern of endometrial carcinoma (P0.05) . There were no significant differences of Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival and disease-free survival in endometrial cancer patients with MSI-H, MSI-L and MSS (P>0.05) . Cox proportional hazards regression analysis results showed that the expression of mismatch repair protein was not the independent influencing factor for disease-free survival (P>0.05) , but for overall survival (P

In recent years,neural machine translation has made significant progress in translation quality,but it relies on parallel bilingual sentence pairs heavily during the training process.However,parallel resources are scarce for the e-commerce domain,in addition,cultural differences lead to stylistic differences in product information expression.To solve these two problems,a style-aware unsupervised domain adaptation algorithm is proposed,which makes full use of e-commerce monolingual data in the mutual training method,while introducing quasi knowledge distillation approach to deal with style differences.We construct non-parallel bilingual corpus by obtaining e-commerce product data information,and then carry out experiments based on the aforementioned corpus and Chinese and English news parallel corpus.The results show that the algorithm significantly improves translation qua-lity compared to various unsupervised domain adaptation methods,improves about 5 BLEU points compared with the strongest baseline system.In addition,the algorithm is further extended to Ted,Law and Medical OPUS data,all of which achieve better translation results.

Long homogeneous meteorological data is important to study climate change. Evaluating the impact of data inhomogeneity on analyzing average temperature trends in Huai river basin is value for accurately understanding the response of agriculture, ecology and water resources to climate change. In this study, based on the homogeneous data and observation data of daily average air temperature from the National Meteorological Information Center, the trends of annual and seasonal air temperatures during 1961 to 2018 were calculated using simple linear regression at 172 meteorological stations over Huai river basin. Then the impacts of data inhomogeneity on analyzing mean air temperature trends during 1961 to 2018 were evaluated by using two terms Crop rhizosphere microorganisms is crucial for their growth, development and adaptability to stress. A field pot experiment was conducted using Yannong19(YN) with strong resistance to late spring coldness and which were inhomogeneity impacts and contribution rates. The results showed that the average air temperature series of 96 meteorological stations in Huai river basin were inhomogeneous, accounting for 55.8% of the 172 total stations. Before and after the homogenization, the regional annual average air temperature both increased significantly. But the increasing rate was underestimated due to the data heterogeneity, and the influence was -0.015°C•10y-1 with a contribution of -6.6%. For each station, 35 stations (20.3%) was positively affected and the warming rate was overestimated with an average contribution of 21.3%, while 61 stations (35.5%) were negatively affected and the warming rate was underestimated with an average contribution of -43.6%. The influences of inhomogeneity for four seasons showed little difference, which were -0.016°C•10y-1, -0.014°C•10y-1, -0.016°C•10y-1 and -0.015°C•10y-1, respectively. However, because of the slowest increasing rate, the absolute value of inhomogeneity contribution was largest in summer with a contribution of -40.0%. The contributions of spring, autumn and winter were -4.7%, -8.0% and -4.3%. Inhomogeneity mostly affected the temperature rising rate at each station in spring, autumn and winter, while led to a turning of temperature trend before and after homogenization at 20 stations (11.6%) in summer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mitochondria provides most of the energy to drive cell function, and its dysfunction can lead to a variety of disease. Since mitochondria has been proved to be able to transfer between cells, mitochondrial transplantation has become an innovative idea for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction and this technology has been supported by evidences from animal experiments. The transplantation of mitochondrial is potentially applied in the treatment of disease of various tissues including heart, liver, lung and brain.

Objective To clarify the current direction of improvement of heart sound auscultation teaching. Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted on the students of Peking Union Medical College who had studied diagnostics. At the same time, two tests of heart sound auscultation for medical students were collected. Two teams of residents were interviewed to investigate the mastery of medical students in heart sound auscultation and learning problems. Results Forty-seven students answered the questionnaire. A total of 177 test scores in the diagnostic heart sound section of the medical students of two grades were collected. Ten residents from the two interview teams participated in the interview. There are 87.2% of students think sound auscultation is very important in the clinical. The teaching of diagnostics for heart sounds is mainly explained by the teacher by demonstration of heart sound recordings and language descriptions, but only 53.2% of students learn some of the content and, 4.3% students said that they did not learn at all. There are 44% of the students who are able to answer correctly in the heart sound case examina- tions,nearly 80% of medical students and residents were not confident in understanding heart sounds. About 76.6% of students would look for special heart sound teaching software and audio for further study, but only 6.4% of students thought that such teaching materials and software were of great help, mainly due to the distortion of heart sounds provided by auxiliary teaching materials. Medical students hope that teachers provide effective heart sound software, real heart sound databases, and a large number of cases supplemented with medical history and imaging examination results to support their clinical reasoning; medical students also hope to obtain more bedside auscultation opportunities. Conclusions The article presented here showed shortcomings of the existing heart sound teaching, and provide some evidence from learners' side to improve learning outcomes.

Inspection method standard is an important part of food safety standard system, the paper mainly explains intension of food safety inspection method standard, introduces the status quo and existing problems of physical and chemical, microbial, toxicology, parasite method standard and basic inspection method standard. The paper puts forward suggestions from the aspects of improving the applicability of inspection method standard, strengthening the ability of technical management of inspection method and standards, strengthening the fundamental research and international communication and cooperation, and building a comprehensive, multi-level and holistic inspection method system.

The application of materials with special wettability is a hot research topic in recent years. It is reported that Bi2O3 coating with hydrophobic modification could achieve the reversible conversion of superhydrophobicity to superhydrophilicity under UV-visible light irradiation and dark storage. Based on this finding, the application of Bi2O3 coating in antibacterial and oil-water separation under different wettability was studied. The results show that superhydrophobic surface exhibits good bacterial anti-adhesion effect against E.coli and S.aureus, while superhydrophilic surface shows selectively antibacterial activity. In terms of oil-water separation, the superhydrophobic surface can block water and allow oil pass through the filter with the separation efficiency more than 93%, while the superhydrophilic surface can block oil and allow water pass through the filter after pre-wetting treatment. Therefore, Bi2O3 coating with reversible wettability can be used as an intelligent antibacterial membrane material for oil-water separation, which has potential application in the field of oil-water separation.

ObjectiveThe paper mainly summarizes standards on method of analysis related to foods for special medical purposes (FSMP) in China.MethodsThe compliance and applicability of the analytical method in national food safety standards were analyzed, compared with the limits for FSMP.ResultsThe valid analytical method standards can basically match the requirements for the limits of FSMP, mainly refers to GB 5009, GB 5413 and GB 4789 series. Individual standard method were not applicable or missing.ConclusionChina has basically established systematic framework of standards on method of analysis applicable to FSMP, which can effectively supports the production and supervision. It is suggested that the unique procedure requirements of FSMP should be considered in the standard method drafting process. The paper also suggests future directions for the standards.

Objective To explore the antioxidant effect and mechanism of kaempferol(KP), a component of Vernonia anthelmintica (L.) Willd., in human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT). Methods Using selective reaction/multiple response monitoring technique for quantitative analysis of the flavonoids in the seeds of Vernonia anthelmintica (L.) Willd.. HaCaT cells were divided into control group, model group(HaCaT cells were treated with AAPH to establish the oxidative stress model), low-, middle- and high-dose KP intervention groups.CCK-8 assay for proliferation, RT-qPCR was used for checking the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, GCLC and GCLM mRNA, Western blot was used for checking the expression of Nrf2 protein. Results 1)The content of total flavonoids of Vernonia anthelmintica (L.) Willd.. was 0.97 g/100 g, and a total of 36 flavonoid compounds were quantified, the content of KP was 62.96 ng/100 g. 2)The optimum concentration of AAPH for constructing oxidative stress model was 25 mmol/L, and when the concentration of KP was 0-40 μmol/L, no obvious cytotoxicity was found. 3)Low-dose KP increased the expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and GCLC mRNA. Among them, the expression of HO-1 changed most significantly. 4)KP increased the expression of Nrf2 protein in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions A component of Vernonia anthelmintica (L.) Willd., reduces the oxidative stress injury of human keratinocytes, the mechanism might be related to the up-regulation of Nrf2 expression.

Hydrocolloids have good functional properties,such as improving emulsification,gelation,solubility and texture of food.In bakery products,hydrocolloids are used to improve the properties of dough,bread and cake,increase sensory quality and extend shelf life.Studies have reported the potential use of hydrocolloids in breads,biscuits,cakes and pasta preparation.Effects of common hydrocolloid (xanthan,guar,Arabic,k-carrageenan,karaya,alginate,methylcellulose,carboxy methyl cellulose,hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose) on the rheology,physicochemistry,texture and other quality characteristics of baked foods were summarized.The addition of hydrocolloid significantly improves the color,appearance,flavor and overall acceptability of the product.

Starch is a very important plant polysaccharide, which is also an important industrial raw material for food production and processing.Since natural starch has poor heat, shear and acid resistance, and is easy to retrograde.It is necessary to carry out physical modification, chemical modification and enzyme modification.Among starch modification, especially chemical modification, chemical reagents are easy to remain in modified starch, so rapid and safe physical modification has attracted more and more attention.In physical modification, thermal processing modification is widely used.This paper summarizes the effects of six thermally treated technologies on the structure and properties of starch, aiming to provide a theoretical reference for the research on physicochemical properties of physically modified starch, in order to provide a certain theoretical basis for the production and development of starch with specific needs.

In order to ensure the quality of rice in long-term storage, it is of great significance to simulate and analyze the horizontal cooling and water-retaining ventilation under the conditions of same humidity and different ventilation temperatures.Based on the heat and mass transfer theory of hygroscopic porous media,this study applied the existing mathematical model of heat and moisture transfer of grain reactor, and analyzed the change rule of different air inlet temperature on the temperature and moisture of grain storage barn under the same humidity with the numerical simulation method.The results showed that when the initial temperature of the grain reactor was 25 ℃ and the air inlet temperature was 17 ℃, the cooling rate of the grain reactor was the fastest and the moisture absorption and desorption of grain reached the balance first,and the water retention effect inside the grain reactor was the best.When coupling heat and moisture transfer was carried out between the grain layer 0.4 m away from the air inlet and the air inlet at different temperatures, the grain layer temperature and moisture decreased in the same trend.The higher the air inlet temperature was, the more obvious the moisture loss was.The lower the inlet air temperature was, the greater the drop in grain stack temperature was.As the distance between the grain layer and the air inlet increased,the cooling effect of the grain layer became worse.When the ventilation temperature was 19 ℃, the temperature of the grain layer 26.2 m away from the air outlet almost kept the initial temperature of the granary unchanged, so the cooling effect cannot be achieved.

以海藻酸钠-羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC）为复合载体，戊二醛为交联剂，探究了包埋-交联法制备固定化米黑根毛霉脂肪酶的最佳工艺条件，并对固定化米黑根毛霉脂肪酶的酶学性质进行分析。结果表明，制备固定化米黑根毛霉脂肪酶的最佳工艺条件为海藻酸钠质量分数2.5%、CMC质量分数1.5%、脂肪酶液浓度800 U/mL、CaCl2质量分数5%、戊二醛质量分数0.03%、交联固定化时间30 min，在此条件下固定化米黑根毛霉脂肪酶的酶活力为245.58 U/g，与游离脂肪酶相比，固定化脂肪酶热稳定性和pH稳定性均有所提高。交联剂戊二醛的添加可以提高固定化脂肪酶的操作稳定性和储存稳定性，在重复使用7次后相对酶活力保持在57.39%，在4 ℃下存放7周后相对酶活力为61.89%。包埋-交联法制备的固定化米黑根毛霉脂肪酶具有更好的稳定性和适应性，为实现植物油酶法酯化脱酸工业化生产提供参考。With sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC) as the compound carrier, glutaraldehyde as the crosslinking agent, the process conditions of preparing immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase(RML) by embedding- crosslinking method was optimized, and its enzymatic properties were analyzed. The results showed that the optimal process conditions of preparing immobilized RML were obtained as follows: sodium alginate mass fraction 2.5%, CMC mass fraction 1.5%, enzyme concentration 800 U/mL, CaCl2 mass fraction 5%, glutaraldehyde mass fraction 0.03% and crosslinking immobilization time 30 min. Under these conditions, the enzyme activity of immobilized RML was 245.58 U/g. Moreover, the immobilized enzyme was performed better in pH stability and thermal stability than free lipase. The addition of crosslinking agent glutaraldehyde could improve the operation stability and storage stability of immobilized lipase, and after recycling 7 times and storing at 4 ℃ for 7 weeks, the relative activity of immobilized RML still kept at 57.39% and 61.89%, respectively. Thus, the immobilized RML prepared by embedding-crosslinking method had better stability and adaptability and laid the foundation for industrial production of enzymatic esterification deacidification.

Terminal equipment represented by inspection robots is widely used in substations. In the future, 5th-Generation (5G) mobile terminals will be more and more used in substations with the fast development of 5G technology. The performance of the communication system is closely related to the wireless channel. Therefore, it is very important to study the 5G communication channel characteristics of the mobile terminal in the substation. Aiming at the characteristics of the communication channel of 5G mobile terminals in the Three-Dimension (3D) scattering environment of substations, based on the multiple input multiple output technology, the article proposes to use geometric analysis to establish a 3D channel model, and derive the time autocorrelation function and spatial cross correlation function of the channel. Based on the 5G frequency band, the autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics of the wireless channel are simulated and analyzed. The influence of the Rice factor of different sizes on the wireless channel characteristics is also studied. The above simulation results show the availability of 5G terminals in substations, and broaden the research on mobile terminals using 5G communication technology in substation scenarios.

Objective Tumor is a major public health problem harmful to people's health. Cell copper death provides a new idea for the basic research of tumor. This paper reviews the latest progress of cell copper death in the field of tumor prevention and treatment. Methods The literatures related to copper death in tumor prevention and treatment were summarized, and the research status of copper death related genes in different types of tumors was reviewed. Results Ferredoxin 1 (FDXl), lipoic acid synthase (LIAS), dihydro lipocyte answers (DLAT), and dihydro lipoamide S-succinyl transferase (DLST) were the key regulatory genes of copper death, which were abnormally expressed in lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and breast cancer. Among them, the low expression of FDXl in tumor patients was related to the poor prognosis of the disease, while the overall survival time of cancer patients with high expression of DLA T and DLST genes was decreased. In addition, targeting copper death protein and promoting cell copper death inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Conclusion Several genes related to copper death, such as FDXl, LIAS, DLAT, and DLST, are abnormally expressed in cancer patients and are related to the occurrence, development, metastasis, and prognosis of the tumor. Targeted promotion of cell copper death and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation provide a new direction for future basic research in the field of tumor, which has public health significance for tumor prevention and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intestinal tract is one of the important immune organs of the animal body, the intestinal mucosa is the main place of direct contact and communication between the internal environment and the outside world, and is the first line of defense against intestinal antigens. The integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier is a prerequisite for the maintenance of normal intestinal function and health. Fucoidan is a macromolecular polysaccharide rich in sulfate groups, which has antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral functions, and can maintain the homeostasis of the intestinal environment by regulating the intestinal epithelial barrier function, bile secretion, intestinal epithelial cell tight junction, intestinal microbiota structure, and immune cell function. This article mainly reviews the effect of fucoidan on the intestinal mucosal barrier of animals and its application in animal production, aiming to provide a reference for the development of new feed additives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High hollowness is the key technology in the production of hollow biscuits. The unique hollow biscuits were developed on the basis of traditional semi-hard biscuits. The best basic formula (in bakers percentage) and technology of making hollow biscuits with high hollowness were obtained by using sensory evaluation method and single factor and orthogonal test.. The final basic recipe is: 100% of plain flour, 27% of sugar, 6% of palm oil, 0.5% of baking soda, 4.5% of ammonium bicarbonate, 0.6% of salt and 0.1% of semi-hard biscuit compound enzyme R103. The initial baking temperature is 150 ℃/150 ℃. After 2.5 minutes, the top/bottom temperature is adjusted to 190 ℃/160 ℃ and the biscuits are baked for 10 minutes. The hollowness of the hollow biscuits is maximized according to this process and recipe.

On the basis of single factor experiments, the process conditions of enzyme extraction of high oleic peanut elaiosome were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) and the components of the elaiosome were analyzed.The results showed that the optimal process conditions were as follows： pH 5.5,liquid-solid ratio 6∶1 (mL/g), enzyme dosage 440 U/g, enzymolysis time 90 min, enzymolysis temperature 60 ℃.Under the optimal conditions, the yield of high oleic peanut elaiosome reached 49.30%, which was consistent with the predicted value.For high oleic peanut elaiosome, the crude fat content was(60.14±3.75)%, and the crude protein content was (8.06±0.63)%.The composition of fatty acid of high oleic peanut elaiosome was not significantly different (p＞0.05) with the raw peanuts.The characteristic intrinsic proteins in high oleic peanuts elaiosome were oleosin and steroleosin and the total contents of these two proteins were nearly 80%.

The technology of cotton leaf removal is an important prerequisite for realizing the mechanical harvesting of cotton, but low temperature affect the efficiency of TDZ-induced leaf abscission, which cannot meet the requirements of mechanized harvesting. In our laboratory, we found that cyclanilide (CYC) could improve the defoliation efficiency of TDZ at low temperature, but the mechanism of CYC promoting chemical defoliation (TDZ) under low temperature is unknown. Therefore, the content of plant hormones and the relative expression level of related genes in the abscission zone of cotton leaves were analyzed using Zhongmian 425 as the experimental material, setting two temperature levels (25 and 15 ) and three treatments [water (CK), single TDZ (T), and the compound of TDZ+CYC (TC)]. At 240 h after treatment under low temperature (15 ), the abscission rate of cotton leaves treated by T was only 53.0%, while the start time of cotton leaves abscission treated by TC was 24 h ahead of that treated by T and the abscission rate of cotton leaves treated by TC increased to 79.6%. At low temperature, compared with T, the relative expression level of auxin (IAA) transport genes (LAX2, PIN1), IAA response genes (IAA9, ARF3) and the content of IAA in the abscission zone of cotton leaves treated with TC were reduced significantly; the relative expression level of ethylene (ET) synthesis genes (ACS, ACO), and the content of ET synthesis precursor ACC were increased, the relative expression level of ET downstream signal gene(ERF1B) was up-regulated significantly in the abscission zone treated with TC. The jasmonate acid (JA) synthesis-related gene (AOC4) was up-regulated, and the content of JA was increased in abscission zone treated by TC. The inhibition of the IAA transport and signal transduction and the promotion of ET and JA synthesis and ET signal transduction caused by TC treatment in the abscission zones of cotton leaves could be the key reason that CYC could promote cotton leaves abscission effect of TDZ at low temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Azilsartan is a novel AT-1 angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker, which reduces blood pressure mildly without the side effect of cough. The drug is believed to have a large market potential. In this study, the drug was analyzed by ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), infrared spectroscopy (IR), high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and one-/two-dimensional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (i.e., 1H NMR, 13C NMR, DEPT, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC and HMBC). The spectral data were carefully analyzed, interpreted and used to elucidate the structure of the compound.

In order to improve the wear resistance of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel in NaCl and acid solution environment, the WC-10Co-4Cr coatings with two grain sizes were prepared by plasma spraying, and the corrosion resistance in 3.5%(mass fraction, the same below)NaCl and acid solution(pH=5.0) were investigated. The results show that the WC, W2C, W and η (CoxWxC) exist in these coatings. The corrosion potential of these coatings is higher than that of 1Cr18Ni9Ti substrate in 3.5% NaCl solution. In the acid solution (pH=5.0) at different temperatures, the potential difference for the nanometer WC-10Co-4Cr coatings has little change with the temperature. The corrosion mechanism of the coatings in NaCl and acid solution is shown as follows:the oxygen atoms adsorbed on the surface of WC-10Co-4Cr coating, can impel the Co and WC to form the galvanic couple in 3.5% NaCl solution. In the acid solution (pH=5.0), Co phase in the WC-10Co-4Cr coatings is dissolved to Co2+, and formed the galvanic corrosion with WC phase, so the isolated WC particles are formed on the coating surface.

Animal gut is home to a large number and rich variety of microbial flora. Intestinal microbes and their metabolites are believed to play an important role in regulating the metabolism of animal nutrients and maintaining intestinal immunity. The balance of intestinal microbiota is affected by diet, environment and metabolites (such as short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan metabolites and vitamins, etc.), and have certain effect on body metabolism and immune response of animals through metabolites. Studying the effect of intestinal microbial metabolites on immune function helps to understand the interaction mechanism between intestinal microbes and animals. The article reviews the synthesis of intestinal microbial metabolites and the mechanisms mediating intestinal immunity, aiming to further explore the role of intestinal microbial metabolites in maintaining animal intestinal health, in order to provide reference for functional study of intestinal microbial metabolites and their application in animal production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are important signaling modules in all organisms, which widely exist in plants. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKKs) are located in the middle of the cascade reaction pathway and play the key roles in signal divergence. The disease resistance gene IbMAPKK9 was screened and cloned based on transcriptome data in sweetpotato, which contained a 987 bp open reading frame, encoding 328 amino acids and 1 domain (PF00069). Its protein mainly consisted of α-helixes and random coils. Multiple hormones (methyl jasmonate, ethylene, abscisic acid, gibberellin, and salicylic acid) and stress-related response elements were detected in the promoter region. Homologous protein comparison showed that IbMAPKK9 was closely related to ItMAPKK9-like (XP_031110493.1), InMAPKK9-like (XP_019189439.1), SlMAPKK9 (NP_001234595.1), and StMAPKK9 (XP_006363984.1). Besides, IbMAPKK9 gene encoded nuclear localization protein. The relative expression levels revealed that IbMAPKK9 was expressed in roots, stems, leaves, and petioles in response to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp batatas (Fob) infection. Transient expression analysis showed that IbMAPKK9 induced up-regulation of 5 genes related to salicylic acid synthesis pathway and signal transduction pathway within 48 hours, suggesting that IbMAPKK9 affected plant resistance by mediating salicylic acid signal pathway. This study can provide a theoretical basis for further analysis of the biological function of IbMAPKK9. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid development of fire detection methods based on deep learning technology provides a new development direction for forest fire detection. In this paper, the concept, main models and advantages of deep learning in forest fire detection were introduced, the application of different deep learning models in forest fire smoke and flame feature extraction, fire and non-fire image classification, fire prediction and tracking was elaborated, and the current methods were summarized and analyzed. Finally, the current problems and future research directions were discussed in order to provide new ideas for forest fire detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The non-covalent interactions and elastic tensors of hexanitrohexazaza-isowurtzitane (γ-CL-20), triamino-trinitro-benzene (TATB) and cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX) were calculated based on density functional theory (DFT) by adjusting different dispersion correction methods. The effect of dispersion correction interactions on the elastic tensor of HMX was investigated. The results show that the intermolecular London dispersion interaction is higher than the other intermolecular interaction for all crystals, dominating the tight stacking and structural stability. The planar hydrogen bonds in TATB molecules result in significant anisotropy in the structure, which results in significant anisotropy in the elastic tensor, while both γ-CL-20 and HMX show relatively minor anisotropic features. The removal of the dispersion correction leads to a significant reduction of elastic constants (more than 65% ) for HMX, proving that the dispersion correction makes a significant contribution to the elastic tensor of crystals when there is no hydrogen bonds in energetic molecules. The relative size of the elastic constants can qualitatively reflect the relative level of molecular sensitivity. The theoretical and experimental values of the elastic constants of energetic molecule crystals are basically consistent, which is important for the understanding of the relationship between the structure and mechanical properties of energetic materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) have high application value in the fields of industry, medicine and food. Previous research has proved that total content of VLCFAs in the Arachis species is significantly higher than that in cultivated peanuts. In this study, contents of VLCFAs were determined in RIL population derived from the cross between Zhonghua 5 and ICGV86699 with wild species consanguinity. Board phenotypic variations of total very-long-chain fatty acid content ranging from 4.99% to 10.33% was observed among the RILs. Five lines with high total very-long-chain fatty acid content were identified, of them, the highest content of ZJ011 is 9.82%. Based on the previously constructed genetic map, 20 QTLs with 3.72%-15.66% phenotypic variation explained (PVE) were repeatedly detected, and were mainly located on chromosomes A04, B04 and B06. The results lay a molecular and material foundation for the improvement of oil quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important propaganda position of China's water conservancy, the core journals of water conservancy play an important role in promoting the development of China's water conservancy science and technology. In order to further enhance the influence of water conservancy journals in China, this study takes the journal " China Rural Water and Hydropower" as an example, combined with the bibliometric indicators of the journals in the past five years, this paper puts forward the following measures: ➀ closely track major national water conservancy research projects; ➁ Strengthen the solicitation of research papers on macro policies; ➂ Strengthen the solicitation of technical application papers and improve the quality of engineering technology papers; ➃ Fully utilize the Council platform to expand the influence of journals ; ➄ Give full play to the role of the editorial board in running the journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Micro alloy metals P or P/Cu/Zn were added into Sn-Bi alloy to investigate the doping effects on microstructure, mechanical property, deformation fracture from the function of P in pure tin. The results show that doping 1%( mass fraction, same as below) P to pure tin can improve the strength and stiffness, decrease the plasticity. Only 0.1%P additive degenerates the mechanical property of Sn-Bi alloy, this is related to the existing form of element P in the base metal and the microstructure of the base metal. In Sn base alloy, P is distributed in phase or grain boundaries in the form of Sn-P intermetallic compounds (IMC), restricting the diffusion and shifting of deformation. Therefore, Sn-1P alloy, IMC distributed in beta-tin base plays a role of strengthening in pure tin doped situation, in Sn-Bi alloy instead, enhancing the deformation mismatch under loading becoming the weak spots where cracks may initiate and propagate, and leading to brittle fracture . Finally, addition of P/Zn/Cu simultaneously to Sn-Bi alloy, the doping can optimize the microstructure, improve the strength and enhance the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of Sn-Bi alloys.

Objective To assess the clinical effect of cognitive behavior therapy on the oral treatment of preschool children with dental anxiety.Methods 86 children aged 3-6 years with dental anxiety were divided into experimental group and control group randomly. Children in experimental group were treated with cognitive behavioral therapy. Children in control group were treated with the Tell-Show-Do behavioral therapy. Through the observation of children’s cooperation and evaluation of Frankl treatment index, treatment effect of cognitive behavioral therapy applied in preschool children with dental anxiety was evaluated.Results In experimental group, 38 children can cooperate with treatment, while 5 children can’t cooperate. In control group, 24 children can cooperate with treatment, while 19 cases can’t cooperate. Children in the experimental group is significantly more cooperative (χ2 = 11.328, P