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Previous researches in continuous sign language recognition mainly focus on the RGB modality and achieve remarkable performance on real-world and laboratory datasets,but they usually require high computation intensity.On the other hand,the skeleton is a modality with small input data and fast computation speed,but poor at the real-world datasets.This paper proposes a cross-modal knowledge distillation method named temporally related knowledge distillation(TRKD) to alleviate the contradiction between RGB and skeleton modality in performance and calculation speed.TRKD utilizes the RGB modality network as a teacher to guide the skeleton modality network for fast and accurate implementation.We notice that the teacher’s understanding of sign language context is worth learning by student.It proposes to employ the graph convolutional network(GCN) to learn and align the temporally related features of teacher networks and student networks to achieve this goal.Moreover,since the supervised information from the teacher network is not available for traditional loss functions due to the learnable parameters of GCN in the teacher network,we introduce contrastive learning to provide self-supervised information.Multiple ablation experiments on the Phoenix-2014 dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

To calculate the fatigue strength of complex handle welded structure under cyclic loading,the stress time history of handle component under cyclic loading was solved using transient modal dynamic analysis method,and the fatigue life of welded structure was calculated using mesh-size insensitive Battlle structural stress approach.It was found that the fatigue strength of original handle welded structure is insufficient because the ear plate connection structure is inconsistent,which results in stress concentration.The transition plate was added to the improved welded structure and the calculation result shows the maximum structural stress near the weld lines is 44.9% lower than that of the original structure,and the stress is relatively uniform.The fatigue life of the improved one was estimated to be 4 years and 5 months.The weld failure of improved welded structure has not occurred for more than 3 years in service in two equipments,which meets the application requirements.For large welded structures which are difficult to conduct physical tests,the numerical calculation based on Battlle structural stress approach can provide a basis for structural design.

Regarding the grain coarsening issue of 3003 aluminum alloy cold rolled plate during recrystallization annealing,optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy spectrum analysis,X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the mechanism for the effect of dispersed precipitates, including their kinds, size and distribution on the recrystallization grain size,which were formed during homogenization annealing and intermediate annealing. The results indicate that the recrystallization starting temperature of 3003 aluminum alloy cast-rolling plate is 540℃;the coarse dispersed phases that formed during the homogenization annealing process facilitate the recrystallization, while the fine ones restrain the recrystallization; the fine dispersed phases that formed during the intermediate annealing have a weak effect on the recrystallization;there is no dispersed phases in the plate after intermediate annealing at 500℃ for 200s; at this time, recrystallization occurs prior to the precipitate of dispersed phase;there are many fine AlMnSi phase precipitates in the plate after intermediate annealing at 500℃ for 2h; the optimum homogenization annealing temperature range of 3003 aluminum alloy is between 560℃ and 580℃.

In order to identify the influence of climatic conditions of different rice-growing seasons on cooking quality of the rice noodles, a field experiment was conducted in Liuyang, Hunan Province from 2020 to 2022. Five noodle rice cultivars (Guanglu'ai 4, Zhongjiazao 17, Xiangzaoxian 24, Zhongzao 39, and Zhuliangyou 729), were grown in the early and late seasons to compare the cooking quality of rice noodles and the grain quality of noodle rice. The results showed that the mean temperature and solar radiation at grain-filling stage were 18.7% and 12.7% lower in the late season than in the early season, respectively. The cooking loss rate of rice noodles was reduced by 7.4% in the late season compared to the early season. There were not significant differences in cooked break rate and water absorption rate between early and late seasons. The peak viscosity, through viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, consistency viscosity, and pasting temperature were lower by 25.8%, 22.9%, 34.3%, 19.7%, 14.2%, and 2.0%, whereas the setback viscosity and peaking time were higher by 11.8% and 2.3% in the late season compared to the early season, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the mean temperature at grain-filling stage was positively correlated with peak viscosity, through viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, consistency viscosity, and pasting temperature, and negatively correlated with setback viscosity. The mean radiation at grain-filling stage was positively correlated with peak viscosity, through viscosity, final viscosity, and negatively correlated with setback viscosity. The cooking loss rate of rice noodles was positively correlated with the final viscosity, pasting temperature, and peaking time. Therefore, the cooking quality of rice noodles can be improved by growing noodle rice in the late season. The final viscosity and pasting temperature in the paste properties of noodle rice were the critical factors affecting the cooking loss rate of rice noodles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to develop the best formula for shrimp slide with Hypsizygus marmoreus, according to the main raw materials of shrimp slide with Hypsizygus marmoreus, the colour difference, texture, and sensory scores were used as the quality indicators. Then, the effects of different granularities, different additions of Hypsizygus marmoreus, starch, and egg white on the gelatin of minced shrimp with Hypsizygus marmoreus and shrimp slide were explored, in order to produce the high-quality shrimp slide with Hypsizygus marmoreus. The results showed that Hypsizygus marmoreus of homogenate particles and shrimp slide could be better fused, resulting in the higher whiteness of shrimp slide. Additionally, the maximum values for the gel of minced shrimp and the a* value, gel strength, and rupture force of shrimp slide were achieved with the addition of 7% Hypsizygus marmoreus. The maximum whiteness of shrimp slide was achieved with the addition of 5% starch, but when the amount of starch added was too much, the shrimp slide had obvious powder feeling, and the sensory score decreased sharply. On the other hand, the addition of 3% egg white resulted in the maximum whiteness, a* and gel strength of shrimp slide. An orthogonal test was used to optimize the best formulation of shrimp slide with Hypsizygus marmoreus, resulting in 7% homogenate of Hypsizygus marmoreus, 7.5% starch, and 3% egg white. According to the analysis of nutritional components, the contents of reducing sugar, dietary fibre, and sodium in shrimp slide with Hypsizygus marmoreus were significantly improved (P<0.05)under this formula compared with the shrimp slide without the addition of Hypsizygus marmoreus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the role of plasma exchange combined with continuous blood purification in the treatment of refractory Kawasaki disease shock syndrome (KDSS). Methods A total of 35 children with KDSS who were hospitalized in the Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hunan Children's Hospital, from January 2019 to August 2022 were included as subjects. According to whether plasma exchange combined with continuous veno-venous hemofiltration dialysis was performed, they were divided into a purification group with 12 patients and a conventional group with 23 patients. The two groups were compared in terms of clinical data, laboratory markers, and prognosis. Results Compared with the conventional group, the purification group had significantly shorter time to recovery from shock and length of hospital stay in the pediatric intensive care unit, as well as a significantly lower number of organs involved during the course of the disease (P<0.05). After treatment, the purification group had significant reductions in the levels of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, heparin-binding protein, and brain natriuretic peptide (P<0.05), while the conventional group had significant increases in these indices after treatment (P<0.05). After treatment, the children in the purification group tended to have reductions in stroke volume variation, thoracic fluid content, and systemic vascular resistance and an increase in cardiac output over the time of treatment. Conclusions Plasma exchange combined with continuous veno-venous hemofiltration dialysis for the treatment of KDSS can alleviate inflammation, maintain fluid balance inside and outside blood vessels, and shorten the course of disease, the duration of shock and the length of hospital stay in the pediatric intensive care unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundHL-2M tokamak is a new-generation magnetic confinement fusion plasma device in China, which has realized the high parameter operation mode with 1 MA plasma current.PurposeThis study aims to investigate the turbulent transport associated with the internal transport barrier (ITB) using gyrokinetic calculations.MethodsNumerical simulation was performed based on the gyrokinetic theory. The turbulent transport relevant to ITB was studied using the gyrokinetic toroidal code (GTC) combined with the equilibrium of HL-2M tokamak. A filtering zonal flow was considered in analyzing the influence of zonal flow on turbulent saturation level. A time evolution analysis of turbulent poloidal spectrum was conducted to investigate the effect of different wavelength modes on turbulent transport.ResultsThe results show that the turbulent transport at ITB saturates twice in succession, and the calculated average ion heat transport diffusivity is approximately twice that of the first saturation level. Moreover, the short-wave mode kθρi~2.15 dominates the first turbulent transport saturation, whereas the long-wave mode kθρi~0.49 dominates the second turbulent transport saturation. Specifically, an "M" shape distribution of the radial heat transport diffusivities is obtained at the transport barrier position during the turbulent saturation period. Finally, the minimum radial heat transport diffusivity during the turbulent saturation period occurs near the ITB where a maximum plasma temperature and density gradient occurs.ConclusionsThe turbulent transport at ITB may be dominated by two types of microinstabilities at different stages of turbulence development. Turbulent energy of the system is inversely cascaded from the modes with short wavelengths to those with long-wavelengths. The results are in good agreement with the theoretical prediction of the ITB.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of double plasma molecular absorption system (DPMAS) in the treatment of pediatric acute liver failure (PALF). Methods A prospective analysis was performed on the medical data of children with PALF who were hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Hunan Children's Hospital, from March 2018 to June 2020. The children were randomly divided into two groups: plasma exchange group (PE group) and DPMAS group (n=18 each). The two groups were compared in terms of clinical indices after treatment, laboratory markers before and after treatment, and adverse events after treatment. Results Compared with the PE group, the DPMAS group had a significantly lower number of times of artificial liver support therapy and a significantly shorter duration of ICU stay (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the 12-week survival rate between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in laboratory markers between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, both groups had reductions in the levels of total bilirubin, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, and the DPMAS group had significantly greater reductions than the PE group (P<0.05). Both groups had a significant reduction in alanine aminotransferase (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The PE group had a significant increase in albumin, while the DPMAS group had a significant reduction in albumin (P<0.05). The PE group had a significant reduction in prothrombin time, while the DPMAS group had a significant increase in prothrombin time (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the rebound rate of total bilirubin and the overall incidence rate of adverse events after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusions DPMAS is safe and effective in the treatment of PALF and can thus be used as an alternative to artificial liver support therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The biostratigraphic characteristics ofJiufengshan Formation in Heibaoshan-Handaqi Basin of Heilongjiang Province are systematically summarized and compared to determine the climatic environment and age of its formation. The plants and their sporopollen fossils reflect the typical subtropical humid climate and age of Early Cretaceous. The diagenetic age of 119±0.89 Ma is obtained by the LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotopic dating of rhyolitic tuff in the lower part of Jiufengshan Formation. Combined with the paleontology and isotopic age, it is determined that Jiufengshan Formation was formed in the middle-late Aptian ofEarly Cretaceous, which provides accurate chronological basis for the correlation of Late Mesozoic regional strata, coal-forming ages and coal-bearing basins in Northeast China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveTo understand the pathogenic spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of severe acute respiratory infection （SARI） in adult inpatients in Yangpu District， Shanghai， China， in order to explore strategies for the prevention and treatment of respiratory infectious diseases.MethodsIndividual cases were from adult inpatients with SARI in Yangpu District， Shanghai， China from January 2019 to July 2021. Their respiratory samples were collected for etiological pathogen testing.ResultsA total of 681 SARI cases were enrolled for sampling and lab testing. Among them， 79.00% were aged 60 years and older， and 75.48% had confirmed chronic disease history. A total of 163 infection inpatients （23.94%） were positive for at least one pathogen. The pathogens identified most frequently were influenza A virus （6.75%）， followed by rhinovirus/enterovirus （3.23%）， parainfluenza virus （PIV） （2.79%）， Mycoplasma pneumoniae （2.35%）， coronavirus （CoV） （2.06%）. The positive rates of adenovirus （AdV）， human metapneumovirus （hMPV）， respiratory syncytial virus and bocavirus were all less than 2%. Bacterial strains were identified in eleven SARI cases， including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa （4 strains）， Klebsiella pneumoniae （3 strains）. Legionella pneumophila was detected in 9 cases （1.32%） and Bordetella pertussis in 5 cases （0.73%）. Two pathogens were co-detected from 11 cases， accounting for 1.62% of 163 positive cases. The most common co-detected pathogens were influenza A virus and other pathogens， accounting for 54.55% of the mixed infection. The positive rates of pathogens were not significantly different between less than 60 years old and over 60 years old groups except for Bordetella pertussis， adenovirus and Mycoplasma pneumonia（P

Sepsis is a common acute and critical illness, and its pathogenic mechanism is complex, often involving multiple organs and systems in the body. Various factors such as inflammatory response, immune dysfunction, and coagulation dysfunction are connected into an interconnected and mutually influencing network system, aggravating the severity of the disease. At present, the case fatality rate of sepsis is about 25%, which is a serious threat to human health. Establishing a stable and reliable experimental animal model of sepsis is an important means to understand the mechanism of host defense regulation in the early stage of infection, the mechanism of host response disorder in the stage of disease progression and to study the therapeutic effect of new therapeutic drugs. At present, there are many methods to establish animal models of sepsis, and there are many influencing factors. Therefore, this paper reviewed the preparation methods and influencing factors of animal models of sepsis, in order to provide some references for researchers to select suitable animal models.

[Objective] A method of 8 -hydroxyquinoline chelated, separation and enrichment using strong base anion exchange fiber with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) detection for analysis of cadmium in irrigation water was established, which could provide more simple and rapid detection technology for monitoring of cadmium in agricultural irrigation water. [Method]Trace cadmium in irrigation water was chelated by 8-Hydroxyquinoline and enriched in the strong basic anion ion exchange fiber, then determined by GFAAS. The conditions of enrichment and elution such as pH , amount of 8 -hydroxyquinoline , volume and flow velocity of pregnant solution, concentration and amount of eluent and ion interference were investigated, and the standard addition recovery test was conducted to evaluate the stability of this method. Cadmium in 20 irrigation water samples was determined by the optimized method and conventional atomic absorption spectrophotometry (GFAAS) respectively to evaluate its practicality. [Result] Cadmium was successfully enriched when pregnant solution volume of less than 1000 mL and pH=6 , 8-hydroxyquinoline in an amount of 4 mg, and flow velocity within 15 mL/min. The coexisting ions as K, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ had no effect on the enrichment. And cadmium could be completely desorbed from the fiber column with 10mL 2.0 mol/L HNO3, and the eluent could meet the requirements of GFAAS determination. The standard addition recovery test showed that the recovery of optimized method was 96.0% - 99.5%. The relative standard deviation (RSD& was between 2.0% to 4.1%. The detection limit of the method was 0.03 μg/L. The optimized method was much more sensitive than conventional AAS method for determination of trace cadmium in irrigation water samples. [Conclusion] The method has better separation and concentration effect and it is sensitive, simple and reliable for determination of cadmium in irrigation water, which is not interfered by the coexisting ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new method of simulating the explosion flowfield due to the interaction of explosives, detonation products and air was proposed. A mixing model of explosives, detonation products and air was introduced in Eulerian method. In this model, Jones-Wilkins-Lee(JWL) state equation was used for the explosives and products, while a prefect gas state equation was used for air; an equilibrium pressure assumption was made between explosives and products, while an equilibrium temperature assumption was made between products and air; no iteration is required in this model, so a high efficiency is achieved. An ignition and growth model was used to calculate the chemical reactivity, and AUSM+-up scheme was used to calculate the convection flux. The explosion of spherical TNT explosives in air was calculated, and a series of complex interactions, such as transmission and reflection, between detonation wave and fluid interface were observed. The calculated peak over-pressure accords well with experimental results even at 5 cm from the explosive surface. The arriving time of blast wave and the specific impulse of over-pressure also accord well with the existing experimental results, which validates the availability and accuracy of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For improving start-up performance of propeller-type underwater robot, the oscillating mode of herbivorous fish was designed as a prototype of fish-like robot with high maneuverability. Following the motion analysis with high-speed photograph of crucian's C-start, kinematic equations of fish-like robot C-start were established. Through calculation of the lateral oscillation of fish body, the tailing vortex, the boundary layer friction and the added mass at lengthwise direction, a dynamic model was acquired. Laws of motion of body centerline and multi-gait simulating experiments displayed kinematic and dynamic parameters of fast-start performance, and optimum designs of fish-like robot for higher acceleration. The educed conclusions from numerical simulation accord with swimming rules of fish basically, which provides the theoretical foundation and feasible design scheme for developing underwater robot with fast-start performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To design socially situated agents for common users to use and understand, this paper introduced a scenario language Q to describe the interaction among users and agents, and then investigated it on the fields such as agent based information searching on the semantic Web and agent-mediated negotiation in E-commence. The ultimate experiments verify its simplicity in designing agent system, agent controlla bility, as well as good interaction between user and agent system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The method of dynamic caustics is adopted to investigate the mechanism of original crack existing in the surrounding rock of adjacent tunnel under the action of blasting load. Conclusions are drawn as follows. Under the action of blasting load, dynamic fraction toughness of pre-crack is not related to the dip angle of pre-crack and the free surface of tunnel. However, the existence of free surface makes pre-crack initiation in advance. In general, the propagation path of pre-crack facing the blasting side of adjacent tunnel under the action of blasting load is related to the propagation path of principal crack from the blast-hole, the free surface of tunnel as well as its section form. Initial propagation path presents approximate vertical upward because of the action of tension wave reflected by the free surface of tunnel. The middle and later periods of pre-crack propagation, the propagation path of principal crack and the stress distribution characteristics of free surface have great effect on the propagation path of pre-crack. The stress distribution characteristics of surrounding rock facing the blasting side are analyzed through the LS-DYNA. From the base angle of side wall to vault facing the blasting side of tunnel, effective stress presents the variation rule of decreasing-increasing-decreasing, of which the maximum points lie to the base angle and the location between sprung arch and vault, the minimum point lie to the side wall. As a result, the pre-crack propagation path is partial to the arch parts and arrest at certain location between the sprung arch and vault.

Translational-rotational coupling dynamic model of the cylinder gear transmission system was established using the lumped-parameter method,which considered the time-varying mesh stiffness,mesh damping,friction of tooth surface.According to the design parameters,Runge-Kutta was used to get the vibration displacements of each gear and the mesh force of the gear pair. The multi-body contact dynamics model of the gear transmission system was built based on ADAMS,and dynamic mesh forces and vibration displacement and vibration velocity were obtained by the simulation. With the test plan,the vibration acceleration of the gear transmission system was measured,and then the velocity and displacement could get by numerical integration to analyze the vibration characteristics. The results show that in terms of gear velocity and displacement,the test data and theoretical analysis results have good consistency,which verify the feasibility of comparative rearch of the two method.

Under the condition of isothermal lubrication taking a involute spur gear as research object,a involute spur gear contact-fatigue life model composed of the lubricated-contact analysis and the explicit analysis was established. The condition which jioned the factor of impact and oil supply was intruduced. Based on the method of multi-grid and multi-grid integration values of pressure and thickness of the film were obtained and substitute the values into explicit analysis. Mises equivalent stress distribution was obtained by explicit analysis and according to Smith-Watson-Topper contact fatigue calculation model,predicting the tooth-contact fatigue life. The result shows that with the increase of the degree of overlap,the danger zone alone the tooth profile closes to the node and the fatigue life also increases. The result also indicates that increasing the degree of overlap can effectively control the impact of the tooth surface contact fatigue life. Compared to full oil state,friction in the contact which lack oil led the fatigue life decreases and the danger zone tends to moved from the subsurface to the surface. The result not only shows the importance of the elastohydrodynamic lubrication in preventing the occurrence of contact fatigue,but also provided a theoretical basis for maching the tooth surface.

Casting crane is widely used as hoisting and conveying equipment in the metallurgical industry. The bad and failure working environment caused remarkable accident harm,so mechanical properties and fatigue analysis accurately on this equipment seem very important. Establishing bridge’s 3D model and dynamic model reasonably for the 200 /63 t crane which made up by four beams,runways and double trolley. Base on the actual load characteristics and dynamic parameter analysis,and finishing the transient dynamic analysis in the ANSYS software for the bridge crane through structure simplify reasonably and boundary conditions. On the basis of obtaining accurate stress dynamic response with the dangerous girder structure,and then combine with the theory of linear elastic fracture mechanics theory,addressing the fatigue crack propagation life of beans under impact load. This study provide the theory basis for the structure optimization and reliability design of crane.

Aiming at the problem of system threshold of high- frequency oscillation often appear on gear system starting in the light load gear dynamic analysis simulation system,an method of eliminating the system oscillation caused by initial loading based on the dynamic relaxation is presented. Firstly,the gear system preloading dynamic relaxation process is analyzed. Furthermore,the key technology of dynamic relaxation method in the gear system dynamic simulation based on LS- DYNA platform is put forward. Finally,the effectiveness and better convergence of method for using in the in gear system dynamic simulation analysis are verified by comparing with the simulation results of traditional way of loading.

The topic can be summarized in three interconnected aspects; historical starting point, contemporary vision, and world insight. The historical starting point requires the study of ancient Chinese capitals to abide by rigid academic principles and must be based on historical facts. Contemporary vision refers to the obligation to contribute to contemporary society and civilization through ancient Chinese capital research. World insight expresses our need of an integral and systematic concept to correctly assess the historical status and role of ancient Chinese capitals in the larger context to unveil the unique cultural values and historical significance of ancient capitals across China. Chengdu is an ideal case for us to explore new research approaches from the above three aspects

Background Chronic diseases have become an important public health problem that affects the economic and social development of country and population health. Quantifying the disease and economic burden of the elderly can provide a better understanding of the impact of chronic diseases on individuals and society. Objective To understand the prevalence of common chronic diseases among the elderly in Shanxi Province and explore the quality-adjusted life year (QALY) loss and economic loss which caused by chronic diseases. Methods From June to August in 2019, a multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 3 250 elderly people aged≥ 60 years from 11 cities in Shanxi Province as the research subjects for a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included general demographic information, disease status survey, and health-related quality of life status. The European Five-Dimensional Health Scale (EQ-5D-5L) was used to assess the health-related life quality of the elderly. The QALY loss caused by chronic diseases was calculated based on the Chinese EQ-5D-5L utility value score system, and the QALY loss and economic loss caused by common chronic diseases in Shanxi Province in 2019 were estimated by using population and GDP per capita from statistical bulletin. Results The results of univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the utility value of EQ-5D-5L among the elderly with different ages, living regions, educational levels, marital status, and family per capita monthly income (P

The microfoam oblate spherical propellants were designed and prepared in temperature-rising progress by supercritical fluids technique in order to improve their burning performance based on progressive burning surfaces theory and the mechanisms of foam nucleation and growth in the foaming progress were discussed. The effects of the contents of CO2 and particles on foam morphology were investigated. Scanning electron microscope(SEM) results showed that foams in microfoam oblate spherical propellants were closed and isolated, foam morphology can be changed by particle and the mean foam diameter became small as the contents of CO2 in oblate spherical propellants decreasing. The closed bomb tests indicated that these microfoam oblate spherical propellants showed progressive burning performance. Therefore the microfoam oblate spherical propellants with different foam morphology and burning performance can be achieved by supercritical fluids technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the mechanism of oxaliplatin combined with daunorubicin on the apoptosis of colon cancer cells. Methods Colon cancer cells HT-29 were incubated with different concentrations of oxaliplatin and daunorubicin respectively, MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation and calculate the median inhibitory concentration.HT-29 cells were treated with half inhibitory concentration of oxaliplatin, daunorubicin and by two drugs combined. MTT assay cell proliferation ability, the colony forming ability of cells was detected by plate cloning test, cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, Western blot was used to detect the expression of cleaved caspase-3, PTEN and p-Akt in cells. Results Different concentrations of oxaliplatin and daunorubicin inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 cells, the half inhibitory concentration of daunorubicin was about 0.23 μmol/L and oxaliplatin was about 40 mg/L. Daunorubicin, oxaliplatin or oxaliplatin plus daunorubicin were used to treat HT-29 cells, the proliferation of cells decreased, the ability of clone formation also reduced, the rate of apoptosis increased, the expression of cleaved caspase-3 protein increased in cells, the expression of p-Akt protein in cells decreased,the expression of PTEN protein elevated(P＜0.05). The effect of oxaliplatin combined with daunorubicin was higher than that of daunorubicin or oxaliplatin alone (P＜0.05). Conclusions Oxaliplatin combined with daunorubicin can induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells, its mechanism may be related to the regulation of PTEN/Akt signaling.

Objectives: To observe the effect of heat-reinforcing needling (HRN) on synovial inflammation, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and glycolytic activity in serum and synovial tissue in rabbits with cold syndrome of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of RA., Methods: A total of 32 rabbits were randomly divided into normal, model, inhibitor and HRN groups, with 8 rabbits in each group. The RA with cold syndrome model was induced by injecting ovalbumin dry powder and Freund's complete adjuvant combined with cold freezing. Rabbits in the inhibitor group were intraperitoneally injected with 2-methoxyestradiol (2.5 mg/kg), rabbits in the HRN group were received HRN at bilateral "Zusanli" (ST36) for 30 min. The treatments were conducted once daily for 14 consecutive days. After the interventions, the knee circumference and pain threshold were measured. The contents of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphoric (NADPH), Hexokinase II (HK2) and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) in serum of rabbits were detected by ELISA. The pathological morphology of synovial tissue of the knee joints were observed by HE staining. The positive expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-17 in synovial tissue of knee joint were detected by immunohistochemistry. The content of lactic acid in synovial tissue of rabbit knee joint was detected by spectrophotometry. The expression levels of HIF-1α, pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) in synovial tissue of knee joint were detected by Western blot., Results: After intervention, compared with the normal group, the knee circumference was significantly enlarged ( P <0.05), the pain threshold was significantly decreased ( P <0.05)；the synovial tissue of knee joints showed significant cell proliferation and inflammatory infiltration, the pathological score was significantly increased ( P <0.05)；positive expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17, the content of lactic acid in synovial tissue, the contents of NADPH, HK2 and PFKFB3 in serum, and the protein expression levels of HIF-1α, PKM2 and LDHA in synovial tissue were increased (all P <0.05) in the model group. Compared with model group, the circumference of knee joint was significantly decreased ( P <0.05), the pain threshold was significantly increased ( P <0.05)；in synovial tissue, the pathological score was decreased ( P <0.05)；the positive expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17 in synovial tissue were decreased ( P <0.05), the lactic acid content in synovial tissue was decreased ( P <0.05)；the contents of NADPH, HK2 and PFKFB3 in serum and the protein expression levels of HIF-1α, PKM2 and LDHA in synovial tissue were decreased ( P <0.05) in inhibitor group and HRN group. Compared with the inhibitor group, the synovial pathological score was significantly increased ( P <0.05), positive expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17, the content of lactic acid in synovial tissue, the contents of NADPH, HK2 and PFKFB3 in serum, and the protein expression levels of HIF-1α, PKM2 and LDHA in synovial tissue were increased (all P <0.05) in HRN group., Conclusions: HRN can increase the pain threshold, reduce the knee circumference and inhibit the inflammatory response in rabbits with cold syndrome of RA. The possible mechanism is related to the down-regulation of HIF-1α and glycolysis activity.

Objectives: To summarize the clinical characteristics and genetic variations in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) primarily presenting with pseudo-Bartter syndrome (CF-PBS), with the aim to enhance understanding of this disorder., Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of three children who were diagnosed with CF-PBS in Hunan Children's Hospital from January 2018 to August 2023, and a literature review was performed., Results: All three children had the onset of the disease in infancy. Tests after admission showed hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, and metabolic alkalosis, and genetic testing showed the presence of compound heterozygous mutation in the CFTR gene. All three children were diagnosed with CF. Literature review obtained 33 Chinese children with CF-PBS, with an age of onset of 1-36 months and an age of diagnosis of 3-144 months. Among these children, there were 29 children with recurrent respiratory infection or persistent pneumonia (88%), 26 with malnutrition (79%), 23 with developmental retardation (70%), and 18 with pancreatitis or extrapancreatic insufficiency (55%). Genetic testing showed that c.2909G>A was the most common mutation site of the CFTR gene, with a frequency of allelic variation of 23% (15/66)., Conclusions: CF may have no typical respiratory symptoms in the early stage. The possibility of CF-PBS should be considered for infants with recurrent hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, and metabolic alkalosis, especially those with malnutrition and developmental retardation. CFTR genetic testing should be performed as soon as possible to help with the diagnosis of CF.

Due to the highly stable structure of keratin, the extraction and dissolution steps of animal medicines rich in keratin are complex, which seriously restricts the detection efficiency and flux. Therefore, this study simplified the pre-treatment steps of horn samples and optimized the detection methods of characteristic peptides to improve the efficiency of identifying the specificity of horn-derived animal medicines. For detection of the characteristic peptides in horn-derived animal medicines treated with/without iodoace-tamide(IAA), the ion pair conditions of the characteristic peptides were optimized, and the retention time, intensity and other data of the specific peptides were compared between the samples treated with/without IAA. Two pre-treatment methods, direct enzymatic hydrolysis and total protein extraction followed by enzymatic hydrolysis, were used to prepare horn-derived animal medicine samples. The effects of different methods on the detection of specific peptides in the samples of Saiga antelope horn, water buffalo horn, goat horn, and yak horn were compared regarding the retention time of specific peptides and ion intensity. The results indicated that after direct enzymatic hydrolysis, the specific peptides in the samples without IAA treatment can be detected. Compared with the characteristic peptides in the samples treated with IAA, their retention time shifted back and the mass spectrometry response slightly decreased. The specific peptides of the samples without IAA treatment had good specificity and did not affect the specificity identification of horn-derived animal medicines. Overall, the process of direct enzymatic hydrolysis can be used to treat horn samples, omitting the steps of protein extraction and dithiothreitol and IAA treatment, significantly improving the pre-treatment efficiency without affecting the specificity identification of horn-derived animal medicines. This study provides ideas for quality research and standard improvement of horn-derived animal medicines.

Objectives: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of scalp acupoint (Dingnieqian-xiexian, MS6) on expression of retinoid-related orphan receptor γT (ROR γ t), interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-10, transfor-ming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), IL-6, IL-21, and IL-17A + Thelper cells(Th) 17 and forkhead transcription factor P3 (FOXP3) + regulatory T cells (Treg) differentiation of ischemic cortex in ischemic stroke rats, so as to explore its molecular mechanisms underlying relief of inflammatory injury of ischemic stroke., Methods: A total of 120 male SD rats were randomly assigned to sham operation, model, EA, inhibitor, agonist and EA+agonist groups, with 15 rats in each group. The ischemic stroke model was established by occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery according to Longa's methods. For rats of the EA group and EA+agonist group, EA (2 Hz/100 Hz, 1 mA) was applied to bilateral MS6 for 30 min, once daily for 7 days. Rats of the inhibitor group received intraperitoneal injection of solution of SR1001 (RORγt inhibitor) (2.5 mg/mL, 10 mg/kg), once daily for 7 days. Rats of the agonist and EA+agonist groups received intraperitoneal injection of solution of SR1078 (RORγt agonist) (5 mg/mL, 5 mg/kg) before EA, once daily for 7 days. Rats of the sham operation and model groups were grabbed and fixed in the same way with the other groups. The Zea-longa's score, modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and the neurobehavioral score were assessed before and after the intervention. At the end of experiments, the ischemic cortex tissue was collected. The 2, 3, 5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to detect the volume of cerebral infarction. The expression of RORγt mRNA was detected by real-time quantitative PCR；the protein expression levels of RORγt, IL-17A, IL-10 and TGF-β1 were detected by Western blot；the immunoactivity of IL-6 and IL-21 were detected by immunohistochemistry；the fluorescence areas of IL-17A + Th17 and FOXP3 + Treg cells were measured by immunofluorescence and their ratio was calculated in the tissue of ischemic cortex., Results: Relevant to the sham operation group, the model group had a significant increase in the Zea-Longa's score, mNSS score, neurobehavioral score, cerebral infarct volume, expression levels of RORγt mRNA and protein, IL-17A protein, IL-6 and IL-21 immunoactivity, IL-17A + Th17 immunofluorescence intensity, and the ratio of IL-17A + Th17/FOXP3 + Treg ( P <0.01), and an obvious decrease in the expression levels of TGF-β1 and IL-10 proteins and FOXP3 + Treg immunofluorescence intensity ( P <0.01). In contrast to the model group, both EA and inhibitor groups had a significant decrease in the Zea-Longa's score, mNSS score, neurobehavioral score, cerebral infarct volume, expression levels of RORγt mRNA and protein, IL-17A protein, IL-6 and IL-21 immunoactivity, IL-17A + Th17 immunofluorescence intensity, and the ratio of IL-17A + Th17/FOXP3 + Treg ( P <0.01, P <0.05), and a marked increase in the expression levels of TGF-β1 and IL-10 proteins and FOXP3 + Treg immunofluorescence intensity ( P <0.05, P <0.01), while the above indicators of the agonist group were all reversed ( P <0.01, P <0.05). Comparison between the agonist and EA+agonist groups showed that the Zea-Longa's score, mNSS score, neurobehavioral score, cerebral infarct volume, expression levels of RORγt mRNA and protein, IL-17A protein, IL-6 and IL-21 immunoactivity, IL-17A + Th17 immunofluorescence intensity, and the ratio of IL-17A + Th17/FOXP3 + Treg were significantly lower ( P <0.01, P <0.05), and the expression of TGF-β1 and IL-10 proteins and FOXP3 + Treg immunofluorescence intensity were obviously higher ( P <0.01, P <0.05) in the EA+agonist group than in the agonist group, suggesting that EA intervention can effectively weaken the effects of RORγt agonist., Conclusions: EA of scalp acupoint MS6 can effectively improve the neurological function, behavior reaction and reduce cerebral infarct volume in ischemic stroke rats, which may be associated with its functions in down-regulating the expression of RORγt and promoting the balance of IL-17A + Th17/FOXP3 + Treg to alleviate inflammatory injury after ischemic stroke.

Objectives: To investigate changes in complement component 3 (C3) levels in children with sepsis and its correlation with the severity of sepsis and to explore the significance of C3 in predicting mortality in children with sepsis., Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 529 children with sepsis who were admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Hunan Children's Hospital between November 2019 and September 2021. The children were categorized into two groups based on their prognosis at day 28 after sepsis diagnosis: the survival group ( n =471) and the death group ( n =58). Additionally, the children were divided into normal C3 group ( n =273) and reduced C3 group ( n =256) based on the median C3 level (0.77 g/L) within 24 hours of admission. Clinical data and laboratory markers were compared between the groups, and assess the predictive value of C3 levels in relation to sepsis-related mortality., Results: The death group exhibited significantly lower C3 levels compared to the survival group ( P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that higher pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (p-SOFA) scores and lower C3 levels were closely associated with sepsis-related mortality ( P <0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis demonstrated that combination of p-SOFA scores and C3 levels yielded an area under the ROC curve of 0.852, which was higher than that of each indicator alone ( P <0.05)., Conclusions: C3 can serve as an indicator to assess the severity and prognosis of sepsis in children. The combination of p-SOFA scores and C3 levels holds good predictive value for mortality in children with sepsis.

Objective: To observe the effects of electro-scalp acupuncture （ESA） on the expression of microglial markers CD206 and CD32, as well as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and IL-10 in the ischemic cortex of rats with ischemic stroke, and to explore the mechanisms of ESA on alleviating inflammatory damage of ischemic stroke., Methods: Sixty 7-week-old male SD rats were randomly selected, with 15 rats assigned to a sham surgery group. The remaining rats were treated with suture method to establish rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The rats with successful model were randomly divided into a model group, a VitD 3 group, and an ESA group, with 15 rats in each group. In the ESA group, ESA was performed bilaterally at the "top-temporal anterior oblique line" with disperse-dense wave, a frequency of 2 Hz/100 Hz, and an intensity of 1 mA. Each session lasted for 30 min, once daily, for a total of 7 days. The VitD 3 group were treated with intragastric administration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1,25-VitD 3 ) solution (3 ng/100 g), once daily for 7 days. The neurological deficit scores and neurobehavioral scores were assessed before and after the intervention. After the intervention, the brain infarct volume was evaluated using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Immunofluorescence double staining was performed to detect the protein expression of CD32 and CD206 in the ischemic cortex. Western blot analysis was conducted to measure the protein expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-10 in the ischemic cortex., Results: Compared with the sham surgery group, the model group showed increased neurological deficit scores and neurobehavioral scores ( P <0.01), increased brain infarct volume ( P <0.01), increased protein expression of CD32, IL-6, and IL-1β in the ischemic cortex ( P <0.01), and decreased protein expression of CD206 and IL-10 in the ischemic cortex ( P <0.01). Compared with the model group, both the ESA group and the VitD 3 group showed decreased neurological deficit scores and neurobehavioral scores ( P <0.01), reduced brain infarct volume ( P <0.01), decreased protein expression of CD32, IL-6, and IL-1β in the ischemic cortex ( P <0.01), and increased protein expression of CD206 and IL-10 in the ischemic cortex ( P <0.01). Compared with the VitD 3 group, the ESA group had lower neurological deficit score ( P <0.05), larger brain infarct volume ( P < 0.05), and lower protein expression of CD32, CD206, IL-1β, and IL-10 in the ischemic cortex ( P <0.01, P <0.05)., Conclusion: ESA could improve neurological function in MCAO rats, and its mechanism may be related to promoting microglial M1-to-M2 polarization and alleviating inflammatory damage.

Objectives: To investigate the characteristics of auditory processing (AP) in preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using Preschool Auditory Processing Assessment Scale (hereafter referred to as "auditory processing scale")., Methods: A total of 41 children with ADHD and 41 typically developing (TD) children were assessed using the auditory processing scale, SNAP-IV rating scale, and Conners' Kiddie Continuous Performance Test (K-CPT). The auditory processing scale score was compared between the TD and ADHD groups. The correlations of the score with SNAP-IV and K-CPT scores were assessed., Results: Compared with the TD group, the ADHD group had significantly higher total score of the auditory processing scale and scores of all dimensions except visual attention ( P <0.05). In the children with ADHD, the attention deficit dimension score of the SNAP-IV rating scale was positively correlated with the total score of the auditory processing scale ( r s30 =0.531, P <0.05; r s27 =0.627, P <0.05) as well as the scores of its subdimensions, including auditory decoding ( r s =0.628, P <0.05), auditory attention ( r s =0.492, P <0.05), and communication ( r s =0.399, P <0.05). The hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score of the SNAP-IV rating scale was positively correlated with the hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score of the auditory processing scale ( r s =0.429, P <0.05). In the children with ADHD, the attention deficit dimension score of the K-CPT was positively correlated with the total score ( r s30 =0.574, P <0.05; r s27 =0.485, P <0.05) and the hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score ( r s =0.602, P <0.05) of the auditory processing scale., Conclusions: Preschool children with ADHD have the risk of AP abnormalities, and the auditory processing scale should be used early for the screening and evaluation of AP abnormalities in children.