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In this paper, a method for analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the sunken ship salvage system based on the accurate time history of the seabed resistance force is proposed. The simulation of a typical case preliminarily clarifies the complex interaction mode between the mother ship (a barge), the mooring line, and the lifting line in the lifting stage. It is found that the motion of the mother ship, especially the surge motion, has significantly increased in this stage. In order to better control the motion of the mother ship in the salvage process, the mooring arrangement of the salvage system is also optimized in this paper, and the mooring line arrangement configuration with better motion control effect is obtained.

Based on the time domain simulation of the dynamic response of the wreck salvage system in the off-bottom stage, this paper proposes a semi-quantitative safety assessment method for this process, aiming to summarize all motion modes of the salvaging mother ship and provide overall safety assessment scores of the wreck salvage system under different sea conditions. Based on the “Changjiang Kou 2” project, the sensitivity analysis of the system dynamic response under different wave direction angles is conducted. It is concluded that the two wave direction intervals (150°, 210°) and (330°, 30°) are relatively ideal salvage operation windows.

The electrical characteristics of a single-phase grounding fault in a low-resistance grounding system was aualyzed, and a fault protection scheme was proposed for low-resistance grounding systems according to the ratio of the zero-sequence current projection components. The primary line selection was performed according to the zero-sequence current projection method and then the phase difference value was used for the secondary judgment. The proposed protection scheme was verified by Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results show that the scheme has a certain ability to withstand transition resistance, which effectively improves the sensitivity of the ground fault protection.

This paper presented a fast fine C/A code acquisition scheme of GPS signal based on averaging correlation technique. In the proposed scheme, it sampled the received IF signal and the local C/A replica code at a high sampling frequency, then both of them were dealt with averaging process and the value of correlation energy could be calculated by the 1 024-point FFT processor. It reduced the computational complexity in the proposed scheme to about 1/22 compared with the FFT-based code acquisition scheme without averaging process. It could realize the purpose of rapid acquisition. It improved the acquisition sensitivity of the proposed scheme theoretically by about 2. 2 dB, compared to the conventional acquisition scheme with acquisition precision of half a chip. Finally, simulations performe to verify the feasibility of the proposed scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wavelet analysis can he used to disclose the evolution law of drought disaster ratio time series (DDRTS), which is important to the drought disaster early warning. Based on the wavelet and fractal analysis on the 59 years time series of drought disaster ratio in China, the original time series was decomposed and reconstructed using Mallat multi-resolution wavelet algorithm. The fractal analysis results showed that the Chinese DDRTS had obvious fractal characteristics, which minimum embedding dimension is six. The multi-resolution wavelet analysis results showed that the Chinese DDRTS had obvious multi-period characteristics, which the 30-35 years change period has maximum energy density. The following conclusions can be drawn. 1) The minimum embedding dimension of fractal analysis can be served as a maximum effective decompose level for the Mallat multi-resolution wavelet analysis, which is helpful to enlarge the application field of fractal analysis. 2) The evolution of Chinese DDRTS was driven by six independent state variables, and had obvious multi-period characteristic. As a whole, the drought disaster ratio remained to be in a growth period at present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing methods for coal burst monitoring were summarized, and their advantages and disadvantages were discussed. A view on coal burst monitoring with features such as multi parameter, real time and on line was proposed. Based on the accident investigations, failure modes of coal burst were classified into five types; burst from sides of the roadway, burst from roof of the roadway, burst from floor of the roadway, impact waves and strong quakes. According to the different subjects of coal burst, the coal burst was divided into two kinds: spontaneous-type and induced-type, and the engineering significances of the new classification were described. On the basis of suitable monitoring characteristics of two kinds of coal burst, a coal burst monitoring technology of vibration field combined with stress field was put forward, and its technical connotations were interpreted. In macro sense, coal burst risk areas were divided into two types: static risk area and dynamic risk area, according to differences of retrieval modes. Combined with the practical conditions, the monitoring technology system and the district control ides for coal burst in mine were proposed. The global and seamless monitoring of "macro-area-local-point" and the staging and grading of "depressurizing-relieving danger" for coal burst were achieved. The ideas was applied coal burst prevention of fully mechanized caving face with deep alluvium and "three-hard" coal seam with large depth, which avoid the coal burst accident effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithologic reservoirs are widely distributed at Upper Paleozoic of Yi-Shaan Slope in Ordos Basin. With over 40 years of exploration, six large gas fields were discovered, including Sulige, Wushenqi, Yulin, Daniudi, Zizhou, and Mizhi, with total proved gas in place up to 13 126.54 × 108 m3. Based on the study on reservoir formation, the key factors of large-scale lithologic reservoirs include: widely distributed coal measure source rock and widely covered hydrocarbon generation, laying a physical foundation for wide gas accumulation; wide development of fluvial-delta sand deposits in the north of the basin, providing good reservoir spaces for wide gas accumulation; reservoir formation after densification of Upper Paleozoic reservoirs and stable structures in the basin ensure the later conservation of gas reservoirs. The effective allocation and interaction of these factors in space and time lead to the large-scale distribution of Upper Paleozoic lithologic gas reservoirs. Key words: Ordos Basin, Upper Paleozoic, lithologic gas reservoir, sandstone, reservoir formation

Objective: This systematic review and Meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of calcium sodium phos-phosilicate (CSPS) and potassium nitrate as desensitizing agents for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH)., Methods: A thorough search in The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Chinese WanFang Data, CBM, and CNKI were conducted for studies published up to June 2017. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the treatment of DH with CSPS and potassium nitrate toothpaste were included. Quality assessment and data extraction were performed by two reviewers independently, and Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software., Results: Eight RCTs involving 411 patients were included. Experimental group comprised 203 and control group had 208 patients. The Meta-analysis indicated the superior effect of CSPS dentifrice on air blast sensitivity at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks of follow-up [SMD=-1.85, 95%CI (-2.89, 
-0.81), P=0.000 5, I²=93%], [SMD=-1.61, 95%CI (-1.96, -1.26), P<0.000 01, I²=49%], [SMD=-3.79, 95%CI (-7.18, -0.40), P=0.03, I²=98%], and [SMD=-2.13, 95%CI (-2.69, -1.58), P<0.000 01] , respectively. No significant effects were seen at 12 weeks [SMD=-0.63, 95%CI (-1.47, 0.20), P=0.14, I²=71%]. CSPS dentifrice showed a better desensitizing effect at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks of follow-up on cold water sensitivity [SMD=-1.07, 95%CI (-1.48, -0.66), P<0.000 01, I²=69%], [SMD=
-1.29, 95%CI (-1.81, -0.76), P<0.000 01, I²=64%], [SMD=-1.20, 95%CI (-1.57, -0.83), P<0.000 01, I²=86%], [SMD=-1.30, 95%CI (-2.51, -0.08), P=0.04, I²=82%], and [SMD=-0.79, 95%CI (-1.27, -0.31), P=0.001], respectively. No significant effects at 1 week of follow-up [SMD=0.00, 95%CI (-0.62, 0.62), P=1]. The favorable effect of CSPS dentifrice on tactile sensitivity was more obvious than the control group at 2, 4, and 8 weeks of follow-up [SMD=-1.31, 95%CI (-2.00, -0.62), P=0.000 2, I²=67%], [SMD=-1.37, 95%CI (-1.74, -0.99), P<0.000 01, I²=23%], and [SMD=-1.33, 95%CI (-1.82,-0.84), P<0.000 01], respectively. No significant effects at 1 week of follow-up [SMD=-0.32, 95%CI (-0.94, 0.31), P=0.32] were observed., Conclusions: Current evidence indicated that CSPS was more effective than potassium nitrate at reducing DH. The evidence generated by this review was based on a small number of individuals. High-quality and large sample size as well as ideally-designed clinical trials are required in the future before definitive recommendations can be made.

Objective: To investigate Fas protein expression of the myocardium in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and its relationship with occurrence of sudden death caused by DCM., Methods: Nine autopsy cases of sudden death caused by DCM along with the heart samples were chosen from the archives in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, HUST from 1997 to 2007. Other 11 cases which died of violence and other diseases were selected as the control group. Expressions of myocardial Fas protein in the samples were quantitatively detected by immunohistochemistry and computerized imaging analysis., Results: Myocardial Fas protein expression increased significantly in the DCM group. Positive color showed brown-yellow granulated or striped distribution in the longitudinal section of myocardial within the cell membrane and cytoplasm, and showed circular brown granules in the cross section of the cell membrane, while these changes were not observed in the control group though there was focal weak staining noted. Statistical significance was observed between the experimental and control groups (P = 0.002), but no statistical significance was found for the average optical density value between these two groups (P = 0.675)., Conclusion: The expression of Fas protein increased obviously in the DCM group. Such alteration in expression quantity and distribution of myocardial Fas protein may be related to arrhythmia and heart failure in the patients with DCM.

The abnormal glycans expressing on the surface of tumor cells are good targets to develop carbohydrate-based anti-cancer vaccines. However, one of the major problems is that carbohydrate antigens possess weak immunogenicity. This review summarizes the recent efforts to overcome this problem: glycoconjugates produced by coupling the carbohydrate antigens and proper carrier proteins improve their immunogenicity, many glycoconjugates have entered clinical trials; the vaccines become chemically well-defined when coupling the carbohydrate antigens with a T-cell peptide epitope and an immunostimulant to form fully synthetic multi-component glycoconjugate vaccines; the modification of carbohydrate antigens in combination with the technology of metabolic oligosaccharide engineering of tumor cells induces a strong immune response; and the fact that the antibodies elicited against the unnatural carbohydrate antigens can recognize the native carbohydrate antigens on tumor cells provides a new promising strategy for the development of anti-cancer vaccines.

Objective: To investigate the Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in the coronary atherosclerotic plaques in patients died from sudden cardiac death (SCD) or non SCD., Methods: Autopsied coronary artery samples from 75 patients died from SCD (n = 28), non-SCD (n = 28) or non-CHD (n = 19) were examined and the R value (positive cells' areas/scanning areas) and A value (average optical density) of TLR4 expression in the coronary arteries were detected qualitatively by the immunohistochemistry (SABC method) and image analysis technologies., Results: SCD group: 13 (46.4%) cases showed strong positive expression of TLR4; 11 (39.3%), positive expression; 4 (14.3%), weak positive expression. CHD group: 8 (28.6%) cases showed weak positive expression; 17 (60.7%), very weak positive expression; 3 (10.7%), no positive expression. There was no positive expression of TLR4 in non-CHD samples. A (1.140 +/- 0.101) and R value (0.0269 +/- 0.0027) in SCD group were significantly higher than in non-SCD and control groups (all P < 0.01). A value was siginificantly higher in CHD group (0.719 +/- 0.205) than that in control group (0.481 +/- 0.033, P < 0.05) while R value (0.0085 +/- 0.0007, 0.0046 +/- 0.0004) was similar between the groups (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: The increased positive expressive of TLR4 in the atherosclerotic plaque can be regarded as an important pathological marker of SCD.

Air embolism, a life-threatening complication of medical procedure, is a frequently encountered challenge in the forensic practices. It can be easily missed due to ignorance by forensic examiner or it could be difficult to be identified due to prolonged storage of the cadaver. This article reviews the etiological factors, pathophysiological changes, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and the medicolegal identification of air embolism. The authors suggest that modern imaging techniques including echocardiogram, computer tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging play animportant role in the clinical diagnosis and forensic identification of air embolism.

Objective: The differences in the thickness of fibrous cap and the percentage of fatty core of the coronary atherosclerotic plaques between sudden coronary death (SCD) group and the control group were investigated., Methods: Sixty-four autopsy cases were divided into SCD and control groups. Samples were taken from the most severely damaged portions of the coronary atherosclerotic plaques, sectioned, stained with HE, and the percentage of examined by light microscopy for morphologic changes and structural alternations. Image analysis system was adopted to compare the thickness of fibrous cap and percentage of fatty core in the whole plaque between the two groups, and allthe data were analyzed and calculated with SPSS 11.5 statistic software., Results: There were 15 grade III and 21 grade IV atherosclerotic cases found in the SCD group, while there were 16 and 12 found in the control group, respectively. Although no significant differences on the severity of atherosclerosis were found between the two groups (P > 0.05), there were significant differences on the thickness of the fibrous cap and the percentage of fatty core found between the two groups (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: Our study indicates that there are significant differences in the thickness of fibrous cap and the percentage of fatty core in atherosclerosis plaques between the SCD group and the control group. These observed differences may be helpful for morphological diagnosis of SCD.

Objective: To study the clinical features, immunophenotypes and the significance of Epstein-Barr virus infection in primary nasal and pharyngeal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in Shenyang., Methods: One hundred and fifty eight cases of primary nasal and pharyngeal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were included in this study. The samples were stained with haematoxylin and eosin for histological examination. Immunohistochemistry studies were performed using monoclonal antibodies, including CD3 for T-lymphocytes, CD20 for B-lymphocytes, and CD56 and CD57 for NK cells. All cases were reclassified according to the new WHO classification of lymphomas (2001). In situ hybridization detection of EBV-encoded small nuclear RNA (EBER-1) was performed in 99 cases., Results: Overall, 101 (63.9%) of the 158 NHL were extranodal NK/T cell lymphomas (nasal type), 23 (14.6%) were nonspecific peripheral T cell lymphomas and the remaining 34 cases (21.5%) were B cell lymphomas. The primary sites of involvement were the nasal cavity (53.2%, 84/158), the tonsil (24.7%, 39/158) and the pharynx (22.1%, 35/158). Among 99 cases studied by EBER-1 in situ hybridization, a positive detection was seen in 70/71 cases (98.6%) of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma (nasal type), 8/12 cases (66.7%) of T cell lymphoma, and 7/16 cases (43.8%) of B cell lymphoma., Conclusions: Among primary nasal and pharyngeal NK lymphomas, extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma (nasal type) is the most common type and is strongly associated with EBV infection. The pathological diagnosis of nasal and pharyngeal lymphomas should take considerations of the anatomic sites and immunophenotypical features.

Objective: To investigate the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) in coronary atherosclerosis plaque of sudden coronary death (SCD) patients and the relationship between MCP-1 expression and SCD., Methods: Autopsy heart samples (n = 90) collected during 2001 - 2003 were divided to SCD group (n = 36) and 2 control groups: control group I, non-SCD CHD (n = 28), control group II, non-cardiac death (n = 26). The immuno-histochemistry SABC techniques (R, positive MCP-1 cell area/totl area) and computerized images analysis (A) were performed to detect the expression of MCP-1 in different groups., Results: R and A in plaques are significant higher in SCD group than control group I and II (0.1264 +/- 0.013 vs 0.0269 +/- 0.0110 and 0.0267 +/- 0.0100, P = 0.04), (0.4534 +/- 0.083 vs 0.2303 +/- 0.040 and 0.2158 +/- 0.0400, P = 0.00), and similar between control group I and control group II., Conclusions: MCP-1 expression is increased in coronary atherosclerosis plaque of SCD patients.

Objective: To study the origin, basis and application of the Ziwu Duichong Qixue Huzhu theory., Methods: Analyze internal relation of every pair of gua among the 12 Xiao-Xi-Gua in The Yijing, in combination with clinical examples., Results: This theory is used for meridian diagnosis and acupoint selection with the best therapeutic effects., Conclusion: Ziwu Duichong Qixue Huzhu theory is a complement for qi and blood circulation in the 12 meridians. And it can broaden thinking of clinical treatment.

Objective: Localization of tracheal stem cells in rat trachea., Methods: Extracorporeal tracheal injury (Wistar rats) was induced by 5-FU. The process of regeneration was observed and analyzed by light microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry., Results: Twelve hours after treatment with 5-FU, the tracheal epithelium shed and cells with naked nuclei were seen located sparsely on the basement membrane. Six hours after removal of 5-FU, the tracheal rings were covered with flattened epithelium. These cells were poorly differentiated under electron microscopy. Immunohistochemistry showed few proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-negative cells sparsely scattered among PCNA-positive cells on the basement membrane. Nine hours later, electron microscopy found that these cells differentiated into mucous cells and ciliated cells. Forty-eight hours later, the tracheal rings were entirely covered by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium., Conclusions: A small number of G(0) cells with naked nuclei are located sparsely on the basement membrane of the trachea. Tracheal epithelium regenerates by proliferation and differentiation of these cells. It is likely that some of these G(0) cells on the tracheal basement membrane represent tracheal stem cells.

Transposon tagging was used to isolate genes in higher plant. In this study, a delayed heading mutant caused by T-DNA insertion in rice was identified. Genetic analysis of the mutant showed that the three types of phenotype, normal heading, delayed heading and overly delayed heading in the segregating populations derived from the T-DNA heterozygotes fit the ratio of 1:2:1. Test for Basta resistance showed the delayed heading plants were all resistant while the normal heading plants were susceptible, and the ratio of resistant and susceptible plants was 3:1, which indicated that the delayed heading mutant was co-segregated with Basta resistance. The delayed heading mutant caused by T-DNA insertion was confirmed by T-DNA detection using PCR method. This delayed heading mutant will be used for isolation of the tagged gene in rice.

Recently, the special characteristics of work with SARS require particular attention to the facilities, equipment, policies and procedures involved. In fact, an autopsy also subject prosectors and others to a wide variety of hazards, including bloodborne, aerosolized pathogens and others (for example SARS). Forensic pathologists and other persons in close proximity to an autopsy need personal protective equipment, fourthemore, laboratory procedure and facility design principles of biosafety should be established for the protection of all personnal involved in the work.

The manner of cell death is a hotspot of medical researchers. Apoptosis and necrosis were considered as two manners of cell death in the past. But recently a new manner of cell death--oncosis is gradually accepted by the pathologists. Oncosis is different from apoptosis in morphologic, mechanism and the role in cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, the progression of the research about manner of the cardiomyocyte death and its significance in forensic medicine in recent years was reviewed.

Gap junctions construct hydrophilic trans-membrane channels which adjust the intercellular communication of chemistry and electricity. In the heart, individual cardiac myocytes are linked by gap junctions. These junctions form low resistance pathways along which the electrical impulse flows rapidly and repeatedly between all the myocardium, ensuring their synchronous contraction. In recent years, some researchers have found that connexins, the protein molecules of gap junction channels, are reduced in number or redistributed from intercalated disks (ID) to lateral cell borders in a variety of cardiac disease, especially in ischemic heart disease. The gap junction remodeling is considered to be arrhythmogenic. These findings will lead us to a new realm in the diagnostic of sudden death caused by coronary heart disease.

A rice brittle culm mutant bcm581-1 which derived from the Ds transposone transformation population was found, but the mutant was identified that it was not to be induced by Ds transposone insertion through PCR. The examination of the vascular bundle and cortical fibre cells in culm under the light and electron microscope showed that, the number of cortical vascular bundle of mutant was much more, the hollow among the cortical vascular bundle was deeper, and the cell walls of cortical fibre cells were thinner than the normal. The test of culm mechanics intensity showed that the load, elongation, strain, and stress of bcm581-1 were 5-9 times lower than normal. The moisture content and the wide fibre content of culm were test, the former was 3.5% higher, but the latter was 8.12% lower than normal. The analysis of genetic segregation in F2 and F1B1 population indicated that the brittle culm mutant was controlled by one recessive gene.

For the purpose of more accurate and rapid analysis of isoniazid in body fluid samples, a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed. Vanillin, being as a derivatizing reagent, was added to the plasma and urine samples when they were pretreated. Isoniazid and vanillin reacted to form isonicotinoyl hydrazone which was separated and detected. The pretreatment method of sample, the linear range, the precision, and the recovery of isoniazid were investigated by using human's plasma and urine spiked with standard isoniazid. The linear range was 0.2 mg/L- 12.0 mg/L (for plasma, r =0.999 6; for urine, r = 0.999 4). The detection limit was 0.2 mg/L. The intra-day and inter-day precisions of assay for isoniazid were 2.3% - 2.6% and 3.8% - 4.0% (n = 5) for plasma, 1.3% - 4.0% and 2.1% - 3.9% (n = 5) for urine respectively. The average recoveries of isoniazid were from 96.5% to 99.8% in plasma and from 96.3% to 99.4% in urine. The HPLC method has been used to investigate the concentration of isoniazid in the volunteer's plasma. The quantitative analysis of isoniazid in plasma was not interfered by impurities, the metabolites of isoniazid and the derivatizing reagent residue. This analytical method for isoniazid is sensitive, rapid and convenient. It is suitable for the analysis of toxics in forensic samples, the detection of drug concentration in clinical medicines and pharmacokinetic studies.