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Nanoliposomes loaded with curcumin (CUR) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were prepared using soybean lecithin as the wall material and modified by chitosan and sodium alginate on their surface through electrostatic self-assembly. The encapsulation efficiency, morphology, in vitro release, and stability of the fabricated nanoliposomes were characterized by laser particle size analyzer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the encapsulation efficiency of CUR was 100%. Moreover, neither co-encapsulation with GSH nor polysaccharide modification affected the encapsulation efficiency of CUR. However, the encapsulation efficiency of GSH was increased from 7.90% to 27.03% when co-encapsulated with CUR, and further increased to 41.22% after polysaccharide modification. Co-encapsulation of CUR and GSH did not significantly influence the release of CUR, but reduced the release rate of GSH from 51.2% to 23.6%. After polysaccharide modification, the sustained release effects of nanoliposomes loaded with CUR and/or GSH were enhanced. Meanwhile, the co-encapsulation of CUR and GSH increased the average particle size of liposomes from (95.02 ± 1.93) to (132.47 ± 18.14) nm, and the zeta potential from (–22.47 ± 1.96) to (–14.70 ± 0.46) mV. After bilayer modification of chitosan and sodium alginate, the average particle size of liposomes further increased to (161.97 ± 5.58) nm, while the zeta potential decreased to (–40.87 ± 1.79) mV. In addition, the thermal stability was increased. The results of this study will provide a basis for the development of novel functional foods or drugs loaded with bioactive substances.

UAVs （unmanned aerial vehicles） are now involved in intelligent transmission line inspection. Given the complex image backgrounds captured by UAVs and poor line inspection accuracy and low detection speed of UAVs， the paper proposes a power line inspection algorithm based on an improved SegNet model. Firstly， residual modules and asymmetric convolutions are introduced into the encoder to reduce the computational burden on the network. Secondly， the network layers of the decoding layer are reduced， and the features of the encoder and decoder are fused to improve inspection accuracy. Finally， the improved SegNet algorithm is used to train the power line dataset. The accuracy and mean intersection over union reach up to 89.4% and 86.62% respectively， and the single detection time is 46 ms. The experimental results show that the algorithm based on the improved SegNet model can achieve high-precision and real-time power line detection.

[Purpose/Significance] Since the outbreak of COVID-19, there has been a rapid increase in the number of studies related to COVID-19 at home and abroad. Review of relevant literature on COVID-19 provides data resources for related research on the emergence and transmission mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. However, the current COVID-19 related dataset is a collection of the literature, without classifying the data for each subfield, and the coarse-grained information such as the title and author fails to provide an in-depth understanding of the progress of COVID-19 research. Therefore, this paper created a dataset for the COVID-19 sub-domain and a fine-grained entity dataset. [Method/Process] Firstly, this paper proposed a literature screening method based on active learning model, which can obtain more valuable marker samples with less labor cost, so that the classifier has better generalization performance. We considered three base classifiers: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), and Random Forest (RF), while considering four query strategies: uncertainty sampling, expected error reduction, committee-based query, and random sampling. Taking the origin of SARS-CoV-2, one of the sub-fields related to SARS-CoV-2, as an example, articles related to the origin of SARS-CoV-2 were efficiently and accurately located from the literature. At the same time, this paper designed a labeling scheme covering 18 types of entities, including not only genes, proteins, compounds and other entities that are universal in the biological field, but also corona viruses and wild animals that are unique to the field of SARS-CoV-2. In this paper, visual annotation tool BRAT was used for entity annotation. The tagging team consisted of an administrator and six annotators, and the entity tagging consisted of two rounds. What's more, multi-k consistency index was used to calculate the consistency score of annotation results. [Results/Conclusions] The results of the active learning model show that the uncertain sampling query strategy has the best performance. SVM, LR and RF based on uncertain sampling can correctly screen 425, 465 and 489 articles, respectively. After the removal of overlapping articles, a dataset related to the origin of SARS-CoV-2 was constructed, containing a total of 885 articles. Secondly, based on the proposed entity labeling scheme, 6 annotators completed 99 papers. Based on the results of fine marking, this paper constructed an entity dataset containing 39,118 entities, which is the largest and most comprehensive entity corpus in the field of COVID-19.

The focal spot size of X-ray tube has great impact on the image quality in radiographic testing. Typical EN 12543 standard gives five measuring methods (scanning method, pinhole camera radiographic method, slit camera radiographic method, edge method and measurement of the effective focal spot size of mini and micro focus Xray tubes) for focal spot size of industrial Xray systems. The testing conditions and equipment of these methods are complicated except the edge method. However, the edge method cannot be used for an absolute measurement of the focal spot. It is only useful for the checking of focal spot under field condition in order to find change of the focal spot. Based on the edge method of EN 12543, an innovative method called cylinder method for the absolute measurement was proposed in this paper. This method was different from traditional measurement of the focal spot perpendicular to X-ray emission direction called nominal focus. It could measure the focal spot size at arbitrary angle within the field angle of radiation beam by using shift-rotation mechanism. In this experiment, the focal spot size of MXR-225HP/11 was measured by double tungsten alloy cylinder and 100 μm pixel areaarray detector. Double tungsten alloy cylinder could reduce the influence of scattering and the spacing between two cylinders was designed to be variable in preparation for future research on the silt camera radiographic method. Pixel areaarray detector overcame the shortcomings of film photography and was convenient for computer image processing. In order to improve the accuracy of measurement, a calibration method for measuring the distance parameter from the focal spot to the shiftrotation mechanism and location parameter at arbitrary angle was proposed. By measuring the large and small focal spot size of MXR225HP/11 at different angles in the width and length directions, it is found that the focal spot size varies with angle and nominal focus sizes agree well with those measured by pinhole camera radiographic method provided in the manual. However, the variation law of effective focal spot size with angle in the width direction is quite different from the theoretical analysis results, and the reasons need to be further explored. The results show this method can accurately measure the nominal focus size but also the focal spot size variation within the field angle of radiation beam which will provide reference for the design of focal spot and performance evaluation of Xray tube. Besides, the layout of imaging system can be optimized by the variation of focal spot size to ensure high imaging quality.

There are many challenges in the process of underground engineering construction, such as high stress, extremely soft rock, strong mining and other complex conditions. The surrounding rock is difficult to control and its deformation is serious due to the stress concentration and energy accumulation, leading to frequent roof fall, collapse, rock burst and other accidents. Anchor bolt is the main support mode of underground engineering chamber. In order to absorb energy released by surrounding rock deformation and control the deformation of surrounding rock, it is necessary to develop energy-absorbing bolt with high constant resistance, high elongation and high prestress. This paper summarizes and analyzes the development process, performance test and field application of energy-absorbing bolt. Energy-absorbing bolt absorb energy by structural slip and material deformation. According to the working principle, the energy-absorbing bolt can be divided into three types: rod structure type, mechanical structure type and body material type. Compared with structural energy-absorbing bolt, the structure of material energy-absorbing bolt is relatively simple, which can give full play to the mechanical properties of material. The author's team developed a new constant resistance energy-absorbing bolt, and carried out static tensile and dynamic impact tests. The results show that the bolt has high strength, high elongation and high energy absorption characteristics, which can meet the requirements of surrounding rock control under complex conditions. In the future, the test, design, construction and acceptance standards of the constant resistance energy-absorbing bolt should be formulated to realize its application in underground engineering in different fields such as mine, traffic, municipal engineering and water conservancy.

In cognitive radio networks with multi-secondary user (SU), resource allocation problem usually simultaneously considers energy efficiency, network coding, and cooperative transmission. For multi-SU resource allocation problem, this paper used Nash bargaining strategy to construct a game, which used the sum of the NBS functions with paring strategy as the optimal objective and the context conditions as the constraints. It improved the system throughput and fairness via the win-win cooperation between the paring secondary users. Then based on this, it proposed an energy efficient sub-optimal resource allocation strategy. Simulation results show that the proposed method has a good tradeoff performance between fairness and energy efficiency, which outperforms the familiar distance-pairing schemes; meanwhile, its computation complexity is lower than the optimal method with ergodic search. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As one of the common traumatic diseases in clinical practice, peripheral nerve injury (PIN) often causes nerve pain, abnormal reflexes, autonomic disorders, and even sensorimotor disorders due to the slow regeneration rate after injury, which seriously affects body function. Even as the gold standard of treatment, autologous nerve transplantation has limitations such as limited donor area and donor injury, which greatly limits its clinical application effect. Therefore, the preparation of artificial nerve grafts suitable for clinical practice has become the future development trend of peripheral nerve injury treatment, and the repair of injury defects and the promotion of nerve regeneration have also become research hotspots in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In recent years, extensive research has been carried out on nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) in the field of nerve regeneration and repair, in which scaffold materials and internal fillers have also become the focus of research as the core elements of neural catheters, and a series of achievements have been made in the application of new materials, embedding stem cells/precursor cells, and developing trophic factors and drug-loaded sustained-release systems. Therefore, this paper focuses on the application progress of hydrogel and its related derivative materials in the field of peripheral nerve injury repair, and provides new ideas for promoting the related research of tissue engineering and clinical medicine.

Species richness plays an important role in ecosystem stability and health. Mycorrhizal type is an important factor affecting ecological processes. How mycorrhizal types affect understory herb species richness and their responses to environmental changes remain largely unknown. We investigated the effects of mycorrhizal types on species richness and their responses to environmental change in understory herbaceous communities based on data of three mycorrhizal types of dominated trees (including 1604 arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) trees, 4654 ectomycorrhiza (ECM) trees, and 5568 AM+ECM trees) and environmental factors in America. The results showed significant differences in species richness of herbaceous plant communities among different mycorrhizal types. Forests with higher dominance of AM plants tended to have higher herbaceous plant richness, supporting the mycorrhizal mediation hypothesis. The impacts of environmental factors (latitude, temperature, precipitation, nitrogen deposition, and soil characteristics) on species richness of herbaceous plant communities depended on mycorrhizal type of forests. The species richness of understory herbs in AM, ECM, and AM+ECM forests was mostly affected by nitrogen deposition, temperature, and soil pH, with the relative importance of 42.3%, 41.1% and 48.7%, respectively. Mycorrhizal types of dominant trees played a vital role in regulating the species richness of understory herbs and influenced their responses to environmental changes.

Objective: To compare the effects of tension band combined with patellar cerclage and memory alloy patellar concentrator fixation in the treatment of comminuted fracture of the lower pole of patella., Methods: From July 2015 to July 2019, 60 patients with distal patellar fracture were treated and were divided into two groups according to different operation methods. In group A, 30 patients were fixed with memory alloy patellar concentrator (NiTi PC), 17 males and 13 females, aged 20 to 71 (39.4±9.9) years, including 19 cases of falling injury, 9 cases of traffic injury and 2 cases of sports injury. The time from injury to operation was 10 to 75 (33.1±7.8) hours; 30 cases in group B were fixed with tension band andcerclage, 15 males and 15 females, aged 21 to 76 (38.6±10.2) years, including 17 cases of falling injury, 12 cases of traffic injury and 1 case of smashing injury. The time from injury to operation was 10 to 91 (34.5±9.1) hours. The curative effects of two groups were observed and compared., Results: All 60 patients were followed up for 9 to 30 months. There was no significant difference in intraoperative bleeding, operation time, follow-up time and fracture healing time between the two groups. Six months after operation, according to the Bostman function score of knee joint:30 cases in group A, the total score was 28.6±4.7, of which 26 cases were excellent and 4 cases were good. The total score of 30 cases in group B was 25.5±4.4, of which 20 cases were excellent, 8 cases were good and 2 cases were poor. There were significant differences in Bostman total score and curative effect evaluation between two groups ( P <0.05). The score of group A was significantly better than that of group B. In group B, 1 case had Kirschner wire withdrawal, 2 cases had joint stiffness and 3 cases had internal fixation irritation., Conclusion: Memory alloy patellar concentrator is strong and reliable in the treatment of inferior patellar fracture. It can take early rehabilitation exercise after operation, with good recovery of joint function and range of motion and less complications.

The performance and microbial community profiles in a sequencing batch reactor(SBR) treating saline wastewater were studied over 300 days from 0% to 2.0% salinity. The effects of crystal violet wastewater and nano-ferroferric oxide on microbial communities were also researched. The experimental results indicated that the activated sludge had high sensitivity to salinity variations in terms of pollutants removal and sedimentation. At 2.0% salinity, the system retained a good performance, and 80% removal rate of COD and 75% removal rate of NH 4 + -N could be achieved and SVI value was less than 35 mL·g -1 ; With the increase of salinity, the microbial diversity reduced gradually, the advantageous position of Gram-negative bacteria was gradually replaced by fungi and actinomycetes, whereas Gram-positive bacteria strains remained the advantageous group; In the comparison of activated sludge added with crystal violet dye with the activated sludge samples with a salinity of 2%, it was found that the contents of Parvibaculum and Winogradskyella were higher while the contents of Rhodanobacter and Agrobacterium decreased. In the comparison of crystal violet-activated sludge with and without addition of MNPs, it was found that the contents of Acidocella and Rhodanobacter were higher while the contents of Parvibaculum and Agrobacterium decreased.

The next-generation sequencing coupled with chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP-seq) is becoming a key technology for the study of transcriptional regulation in the context of functional genomics. Due to the overwhelming amount of data generated from ChIP-seq experiments, the ChIP-seq data processing brings many new challenges in the field of bioinformatics. Considering the development of data processing skills largely behind that of the ChIP-seq experiment techniques, it is urgent to give a review on the ChIP-seq data processing for more and more oncoming researchers to build or improve algorithms. This paper provides a brief overview of the ChIP-seq data processing, highlighting the main prob-lems and methods in detail, to allow scientists to understand rapidly and deeply.

In near infrared spectral quantitative analysis, the precision of measured samples' chemical values is the theoretical limit of those of quantitative analysis with mathematical models. However, the number of samples that can obtain accurately their chemical values is few. Many models exclude the amount of samples without chemical values, and consider only these samples with chemical values when modeling sample compositions' contents. To address this problem, a semi-supervised LS-SVR (S2 LS-SVR) model is proposed on the basis of LS-SVR, which can utilize samples without chemical values as well as those with chemical values. Similar to the LS-SVR, to train this model is equivalent to solving a linear system. Finally, the samples of flue-cured tobacco were taken as experimental material, and corresponding quantitative analysis models were constructed for four sample compositions' content(total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen and nicotine) with PLS regression, LS-SVR and S2 LS-SVR. For the S2 LS-SVR model, the average relative errors between actual values and predicted ones for the four sample compositions' contents are 6.62%, 7.56%, 6.11% and 8.20%, respectively, and the correlation coefficients are 0.974 1, 0.973 3, 0.923 0 and 0.948 6, respectively. Experimental results show the S2 LS-SVR model outperforms the other two, which verifies the feasibility and efficiency of the S2 LS-SVR model.

Objective: To study the utility of neuroendoscope-assisted surgery in the treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas., Methods: From November 2008 to November 2010, 8 cases of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas underwent neuroendoscope-assisted surgical treatment by a hemilaminectomy approach. Retrospective analyses were performed for their clinical manifestations, imaging findings, surgical approaches, postoperative recovery and follow-up profiles., Results: All were of single fistula. Under the assistance of neuroendoscope, the fistulas were found intra-operatively and the draining veins disconnected successfully. The results of post-operative angiography showed the disappearance of all draining veins. After a follow-up period of 3 - 35 months, 2 cases became asymptomatic, 5 cases improved obviously and 1 case had no change., Conclusion: Neuroendoscope-assisted surgery is mini-invasive, safe and effective in the treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas.

In near infrared spectral quantitative analysis, many models consider separately each component when modeling sample composition content, disregarding the underlying relatedness among sample compositions. To address this problem, the present paper views modeling each sample composition content as a task, thus one can transform the problem that models simultaneously analyze all sample compositions' contents to a multi-task learning problem. On the basis of the LS-SVR, a multi-task LS-SVR (MTLS-SVR) model is proposed. Furthermore, an efficient large-scale algorithm is given. The broomcorn samples are taken as experimental material, and corresponding quantitative analysis models are constructed for three sample composition contents (protein, lysine and starch) with LS-SVR, PLS, multiple dependent variables LS-SVR (MLS-SVR) and MTLS-SVR For the MTLS-SVR model, the average relative errors between actual values and predicted ones for the three sample compositions contents are 1.52%, 3.04% and 1.01%, respectively, and the correlation coefficients are 0.993 1, 0.894 0 and 0.940 6, respectively. Experimental results show MTLS-SVR model outperforms significantly the three others, which verifies the feasibility and efficiency of the MTLS-SVR model.

Objective: To design ABC damage variable and positioning system for acetabular fracture and explore the feasibility and clinical practical value of the system through the multi-center analysis of 1122 acetabular fractures., Methods: According to acetabular three-column conception, and pelvic ring lesions damage direction caused by acetabular fracture domino effect and injury degree of proximal femur joint, it defined class A as any column acetabular fracture; class B as any two-column acetabular fracture; class C as front, dome and posterior mixture acetabular fracture. Lower case English letters a, m, p represented front, dome, posterior fracture, respectively. Acetabular damage variables: 1 was simple displaced fractures; 2 was comminuted fractures; 3 was compression fractures. Pelvic ring lesions damage variables: alpha was sacroiliac joints or sacroiliac fracture horizontal separation deflection; beta was sacroiliac joints or sacroiliac fracture vertical separation deflection; gamma was pubic symphysis separation/superior and inferior ramus of pubis fracture deflection; alpha beta gamma delta was compound floating damage. Proximal humerus joint damage variables: I was femoral head fracture; II was femoral neck fracture; II was intertrochanteric fractures of femur; IV was I to III compound fracture. The ABC damage variable positioning system for acetabular fracture was made up by the above-mentioned variables. The statistics from March 1997 to February 2010 showed 1122 cases acetabular fractures with 18 cases of double side acetabular fracture and 1140 cases of acetabular fractures. The pelvics anterior-posterior view, ilium and obturator oblique view, and 2/3D-CT materials were analyzed and researched., Results: Each damage variables distribution situation in 1140 cases of acetabular fracture involved A in 237 cases (20.8%), B in 605 cases (53.1%), C in 298 cases (26.1%);front column fracture in 808 cases(70.9%), dome fracture in 507 cases (44.5%), posterior fracture in 1026 cases (90%). Acetabular variables: variabe 1 in 203 cases of simple displaced fracture (17.8%); variabe 2 in 516 cases of comminuted fracture(45.3%); variabe 3 in 421 cases of compression fracture (36.9%); 249 cases of pelvic ring lesions damage (21.8%), 75 cases femoral head fracture (6.6%); 18 cases of double side acetabular fracture and relative pelvic ring and proximal humerus joint variables (1.58%). Key part and curative effect elements of 1140 cases acetabular fracture: 507 cases of dome or posterior acetabular fracture (44.5%); 421 cases of compression fracture (36.9%); 249 cases of pelvic ring variables (21.8%); 75 cases of proximal humerus joint variables (6.6%); 486 cases of simple Aa/pl/2,Bapl/2 acetabular fracture (42.6% )., Conclusion: Compression fracture, especially defected compression fracture, takes important part in acetabular damage variables, and also presents that acetabular fracture with pelvic ring and proximal femoral damage variables are not rare at all. The relationship of the acetabular fracture damage variables, and its percentage shows the key points and elements in clinical treatment: weight-bearing to dome accounts for 44.5%; compression to defects account for 36.9%, pelvic ring to float accounts for 21.8%; dome fracture to double side fracture account for 6.6%. The system has significant guiding effects on clinic in terms of evaluation of injury severity, anatomic localization, difficulty index, alternative strategy, operative approach, effect of treatment,and prognosis. And the most important thing is that the system creates the comparison of damage variables in same type of fracture and the communication of homo-language and explores a new method.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of Seinsheimer type V subtrochanteric femoral fractures with dynamic hip screw and shape memory alloy bow-teeth screw., Methods: Twelve patients with Seinsheimer type V subtrochanteric femoral fractures were retrospectively analyzed. There were 8 males and 4 females with an average age of 53 years (range 31 to 65 years). Seven cases were caused by traffic accident, 4 cases by falling from hight, 1 case by heavy object. According to the Seinsheimer classification, all the cases were type V fractures. All the cases accepted the surgical treatment with dynamic hip screw and shape memory alloy bow-teeth screw fixation., Results: The mean period of follow-up was 28 months (range 20 to 38 months). All the cases obtained bone union in average 3.3 months (from 3 to 4.5 months). There were no complications such as deep infection, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and bone nonunion. The results of clinical evaluation according to Merle d'Aubigne scores were 16.75 +/- 1.14 and excellent in 4 cases, good in 8 cases., Conclusion: Application of dynamic hip screw and shape memory alloy bow-teeth screw as a superior option can get satisfactory reduction with reliable fixation and will be one of a better choice for fixation of Seinsheimer type V subtrochanteric femoral fractures.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effects of PHILOS plate with injectable artificial bone for the treatment of proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients., Methods: From March 2007 to March 2009,17 patients who suffered from proximal humeral fractures were retrospectively studied. There were 7 males, 10 females, with an average age of 71 years (ranged, 66 to 81 years). Nine patients were caused by falling, seven patients were caused by traffic accidents,and one patient was hit by heavy object. According to the Neer classification, 9 patients were type III and 8 patients were type IV. All the patients were treated with PHILOS plate internal fixation combined with injectable artificial bone. Assessment was based on the Constan-Murley shoulder score and percentage Constant-Murley score., Results: The mean period of follow-up was 16 months (ranged, 8 to 25 months). All the patients obtained bone union in an average of 3 months (2.5 to 3.5 months). There were no complications such as deep infection, nonunion or failure of fixation. The Constant-Murley score of the injured side was mean (86.50 +/- 10.50) (ranged, 75 to 95). The clinical outcomes were excellent in 9 cases, good in 6 cases, moderate in 2 cases., Conclusion: The treatment of proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients with application of PHILOS plate combined with injectable artificial bone can get satisfactory clinical effect especially suitable for osteoporosis and comminuted proximal humeral fractures.

In the present paper, on the basis of LS-SVM algorithm, we built a multiple dependent variables LS-SVM (MLS-SVM) regression model whose weights can be optimized, and gave the corresponding algorithm. Furthermore, we theoretically explained the relationship between MLS-SVM and LS-SVM. Sixty four broomcorn samples were taken as experimental material, and the sample ratio of modeling set to predicting set was 51 : 13. We first selected randomly and uniformly five weight groups in the interval [0, 1], and then in the way of leave-one-out (LOO) rule determined one appropriate weight group and parameters including penalizing parameters and kernel parameters in the model according to the criterion of the minimum of average relative error. Then a multiple dependent variables quantitative analysis model was built with NIR spectrum and simultaneously analyzed three chemical constituents containing protein, lysine and starch. Finally, the average relative errors between actual values and predicted ones by the model of three components for the predicting set were 1.65%, 6.47% and 1.37%, respectively, and the correlation coefficients were 0.9940, 0.8392 and 0.8825, respectively. For comparison, LS-SVM was also utilized, for which the average relative errors were 1.68%, 6.25% and 1.47%, respectively, and the correlation coefficients were 0.9941, 0.8310 and 0.8800, respectively. It is obvious that MLS-SVM algorithm is comparable to LS-SVM algorithm in modeling analysis performance, and both of them can give satisfying results. The result shows that the model with MLS-SVM algorithm is capable of doing multi-components NIR quantitative analysis synchronously. Thus MLS-SVM algorithm offers a new multiple dependent variables quantitative analysis approach for chemometrics. In addition, the weights have certain effect on the prediction performance of the model with MLS-SVM, which is consistent with our intuition and is validated in this study. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize weights in multiple dependent variables NIR modeling analysis.

Objective: To explore the therapeutic strategies of the aged wounded patients evacuated from Wenchuan earthquake area., Methods: The characteristics of traumatic conditions and therapeutic methods of 14 aged wounded patients evacuated from Wenchuan earthquake area were retrospectively analyzed., Results: All cases accepted the effective treatment for 4 to 8 weeks and attained good recovery. There was no anesthetic and surgical complications, deep venous thrombosis, hypostatic pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, bed sore, stroke and other complications happened. When discharged, all medical disorders of the patients were under control and both psychological condition and nutritional status were improved obviously., Conclusion: Assessment of traumatic condition and general status,cooperative nursing, active nutritional support, positive symptomatic treatment and necessary psychological intervention are the key to improve effectively the curative effect of the aged wounded patients in earthquake.

Objective: To explore a new method for the treatment of ankle joint fractures, and to evaluate its therapeutic effects., Methods: Among 42 patients with ankle joint fractures, 34 patients had complete data for analysis, 19 patients were male and 15 patients were female, ranging in age from 21 to 61 years, with an average of 37 years. According to Weber-AO classification, there are 28 patients of B-type and 6 patients of C-type. The Baird and Jackson Rating System was used to evaluate therapeutic effects, and the relationship between the final function and fracture type, fracture fixation and, the time of functional training after operation were analyzed. Thirty-four patients with ankle joint fractures of B and C type were treated with internal fixation of posterior fibula plate to avoid injury of articular facet by the nails. The patients combined with the fractures of posterior malleolus were treated with fixation of both fibula and posterior malleolus through the same incision., Results: All the patients were followed up ranging from 1.2 to 3.2 years, with an average of 1.8 years. According to evaluation criterion, 24 patients got an excellent result, 6 good and 4 fair, the excellent and good rate was 88.2%., Conclusion: The internal fixation of posterior fibula plate, as a treatment for ankle joint fractures, successfully avoids the injury of articular facet by the nails. Not only does it enhance the pullout strength of the nails, but it is able to treat the fracture of lateral malleolus and posterior malleolus with a single incision. It has provided a new way for the treatment of ankle fractures.