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【Objective】 The inlet forebay with a diffusion angle is a component of pump stations that helps distribute water flow evenly before it reaches the pump. We present a method in this paper to optimize the design of the inlet forebay, using the Xuliu Irrigation Station as a case study. 【Method】 The proposed method utilized the Navier-Stokes equations and the RNG k-ε turbulence model. Three-dimensional water flow in the forebay was numerically simulated under various scenarios, including the current configuration, modifications to the guide walls, and the addition of support columns. The optimal forebay design was determined by comparing the flow patterns generated in each scenario. 【Result】 Both guide walls and support columns improve flow patterns. Installing support columns increases the uniformity of average axial flow velocity distribution and the velocity-weighted average angle at the channel outlet to 97.74% and 88.42°, respectively, slightly surpassing the performance of the guide wall scheme and improving by 1.14% and 1.25° over the current configuration. At the channel inlet, the uniformity of average axial flow velocity distribution and velocity-weighted average angle were 62.86% and 65.82°, respectively, which were significantly higher than those achieved with the guide wall scheme and represented increases of 26.4% and 36.9° over the current configuration. The support column scheme also reduced the proportion of the vortex area in the forebay to 5%, compared to 7% with the guide wall scheme and 45% with the current configuration. 【Conclusion】 Installing support columns effectively improves the uniformity of water flow diffusion and reduces vortex areas, enhancing flow patterns in the forebay compared to the guide wall scheme. These results provide guidance for renovating the forebay at the Xuliu Irrigation Station and similar irrigation projects.

Abstract [Objective] The study aims to explore the effects of compound fungi inoculant application on the growth, root morphology, and photosynthetic characteristics of Chinese flowering cabbage seedlings, and provide a theoretical basis for the application of compound fungi inoculant to alleviate the obstacle of continuous cropping of Chinese flowering cabbage. [Methods] The Chinese flowering cabbage variety ‘Jianye- 70’, with which microbial agents and soil had been continuously cropped for 9 years, were used in pot experiments. Four treatments were set up: No compound microbial agents (control), foliar spraying, soil spraying, and foliar spraying plus soil spraying. The plant growth indicators, root system configuration, and leaf photosynthetic characteristics were observed after sowing for 30 days. [Results] Every application method could increase growth indicators, root system conformation, leaf photosynthetic characteristics net photosynthetic rate (Pn), actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSⅡ ), and photochemical quenching coefficient (qp) etc., as well as decrease transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci), and non photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) etc. Among the application methods, foliar spraying had the best effect. Its above-ground and underground dry weight and root length were significantly increased by 128.57%, 85.71%, and 91.81%. Pn, qp, and ΦPSⅡ were significantly increased by 24.55%, 22.68%, and 23.93%, while Tr, Ci, and NPQ were significantly decreased by 72.73%, 20.01%, and 39.78%, respectively. [Conclusion] Foliar spraying of compound fungi can effectively promote the growth of continuous cropping cabbage seedlings, improve root configuration, enhance plant photosynthetic efficiency, which is the best way of compound fungi application

With the large-scale integration of renewable energy， distribution networks are faced with frequent voltage limit violations. In response to this challenge， it is urgent to study whether new voltage regulation measures， represented by photovoltaic inverters， can meet the daily voltage regulation needs of distribution networks. To objectively evaluate the adaptability of voltage regulation measures in distribution systems， a method based on interval and probability power flow analysis is proposed. This method enables a comprehensive analysis of voltage regulation effectiveness and cost. Firstly， based on the results of interval and probability power flow， indicators for voltage regulation effectiveness evaluation in distribution networks are constructed. Secondly， the corresponding cost of the optimal reactive power scheme is used as the cost benchmark value to construct the evaluation index of the voltage regulation cost of the distribution network. On this basis， the analytic hierarchy process （AHP） is employed to weight the effectiveness and cost indicators and thus establish a comprehensive evaluation indicator system for voltage regulation adaptability in distribution network. Finally， based on the constructed evaluation indicators， adaptability analysis of voltage regulation measures in distribution networks is conducted. The rationality of the proposed method is validated through comparative evaluations under multiple scenarios.

In the late stage of development， the complex fault block reservoir faces a series of problems， such as high comprehensive water cut， lack of formation energy， complex remaining oil distribution， and poor well pattern suitability. In this paper， based on the oil-water distribution status of the waterflooding reservoir， such as water-in-oil and oil-in-water， the development mode of single-layer outer edge waterflooding was studied through theoretical model derivation and numerical simulation methods by taking Ken71 fault block reservoir in the middle of Zhanhua Sag of Jiyang Depression as an example. The results show that the reasonable water injection volume， fluid production volume， and spacing between injection and production wells during single-layer development can be obtained through the force analysis of the fluid production end and the water injection end. The key factors affecting the remaining oil saturation and the water saturation are reasonable water injection pressure difference， water injection volume， and fluid production volume of single-layer development systems. It is essential in controlling the reasonable formation pressure level and the secondary enrichment of the remaining oil. The spacing between injection and production wells increases to the periphery of the oil-water boundary， and 2.9 times the width of the oil-bearing strip is the critical value of reasonable spacing between injection and production wells. An asymmetric periodic injection and production method with short injection and long standing is adopted to establish a single-layer outer edge waterflooding development model， which is beneficial to maintain the stability of the pressure system and increase the sweep efficiency of the remaining oil of the single-layer， so as to improve the oil recovery. Field application shows that after applying the single-layer outer edge waterflooding development model， the daily production of Ken71 fault block increases to 254 t， the water cut is controlled to 93.7%， the recovery increases to 31.53%， and the oil recovery rate is increased by 4.9%， which shows an excellent yield-increasing effect. The single-layer outer edge waterflooding model solves the problems in the development of complex fault block reservoirs with high water cut， such as dispersed remaining oil distribution， low waterflooding sweep efficiency， and poor well pattern suitability and can provide guidance and reference for complex fault block reservoir development.

Unlike imaging in air, underwater panoramic imaging faces great challenges arising from water pressure and diminished light, necessitating special lens packaging and focused underwater illumination. The processing of underwater images from multiple channels necessitates adaptations to existing image processing algorithms to mitigate color cast, noisy points, and other imaging defects. And based on the hot research of panoramic video transmission, the underwater panoramic imaging system on the ROV platform holds great development potential.Based on the technical research of underwater panoramic photography, this paper first elaborates on the generation and transmission of underwater panoramic images and discusses two camera layouts: distributed and integrated, utilizing the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) platform as the carrier, through an analysis of camera hardware requirements. Subsequently, it introduces the creation of panoramic images from multiple channels of image data through a process involving image preprocessing, stitching, and fusion. Lastly, taking into account of remote video transmission through water boundaries, a self-adaptive multi-rate transmission scheme is presented, based on the stream division into slices (Tile stream) for panoramic videos. From the development of underwater panoramic technology, with the improvement of panoramic technologies such as lossless image stitching, iterative computing speed of image processors, image restoration, ultra bandwidth connection, and panoramic video transmission, ROV platform panoramic camera systems will be widely applied.

To address the problem of output saturation in the thrust allocation of remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), this paper introduces a thrust distribution optimization technique based on genetic algorithm. Initially, a mathematical model describing the horizontal and vertical thrust of an ROV is established, using the spatial configuration of a miniaturized electric ROV's propellers as foundation. Subsequently, genetic algorithm is employed to optimize thrust allocation for the ROV's horizontal and vertical propellers, with results compared to outcomes from a pseudo-inverse method of thrust allocation. Simulation analysis reveals that the thrust allocation optimized via the genetic algorithm can effectively prevent output saturation and ensures that the resultant force or torque from each propeller's output aligns almost exactly with the intended combined force or torque, maintaining an error within ±1%.

The autonomy and travel conditions for older adult tourists have significantly improved, leading to a diversification of their tourism activities. Among these, the concept of a free and comfortable sojourn has gained popularity. Despite the complex concept of older adult sojourns being established in related research, the concepts often overlap and are fragmented, leading to a disjointed understanding of the phenomenon. This study aims to incorporate the life-span theory of control and its optimization strategy framework from a life-span development perspective in older adults. By deeply connecting research on older adults with tourism research through life-span development thinking, we aim to explore methods of coordinating and analyzing older adult sojourns. This approach will allow us to systematically reshape existing conceptual knowledge. Based on the results of this coordinated analysis, we aim to gain a systematic understanding of older adult sojourns and propose future research directions. The study revealed that older adult tourism exhibits strategic traits consistent with the life-span theory of control, where resource allocation and willpower investment are crucial elements. This forms a resource-willpower investment framework that categorizes 16 different older adult tourism behavior patterns. Using this framework, by comparing the characteristics of older adult travel with the 16 classification results, the resource and willpower investment framework is focused on the amount of resources invested in the destination and the distance of the trip. This further refines the corresponding older adult travel patterns into four types: relatively high investment in travel to distant areas, relatively high investment in travel to nearby areas, relatively low investment in travel to distant areas, and relatively low investment in travel to nearby areas. The study reveals that the four categories represent varying lifestyle demands and participation limitations for older adults. Those who invest more and travel longer distances tend to face greater participation challenges, have fewer companions, require more from their destinations, and have limited choices. Conversely, those who invest less and travel shorter distances experience the opposite. The four categories of older adult travel display different scene transitions and state changes, each with unique participation challenges, social choices, and destination requirements. Overall, the categorization of older adult tourism types and the comprehensive analysis of older adult travel types constitute a process of knowledge creation. The research employs deductive methods for progressive exploration, building a comprehensive classification framework. This framework lays a cognitive foundation for future research and provides key directions. The innovative research approach, in conjunction with the life-span theory of control, provides a method for pattern analysis to understand ongoing tourism behaviors and phenomena that are constantly evolving and enriching. Older adult sojourn is one of the few forms of tourism that is notably age-friendly. The prospects for research and industrial development of this phenomenon are promising, but there is currently a lack of discussion about the phenomenon itself. Future research can build upon this initial understanding to further investigate behavioral characteristics, values related to aging, and local response needs. By examining behavior, subject, and space, a study can be conducted on behavior, motivation, space, and their interactive results, leading to more systematic findings and enhancing the practical value of the guidance.

ObjectiveA high-risk group of diabetes in a community in Shanghai was followed up for 2 years. The level of blood glucose control was monitored， the incidence and risk factors of the high-risk group were analyzed， and the incidence and risk factors distribution in the community were studied. The results will provide a basis for the community to formulate strategies for early prevention and treatment of diabetes in Shanghai.MethodsA total of 580 subjects were collected， according to the criteria of high-risk groups of diabetes. Among them， 77 people whose blood glucose had reached the diagnostic criteria for diabetes entered the patient group， and the rest 503 people entered the high-risk group. Corresponding intervention methods such as outpatient follow-up and health education were given， and blood glucose monitoring was repeated at the 12th month and 24th month after enrollment. Blood glucose control， new-onset diabetes and the effect of intervention were analyzed.ResultsThe patients’ venous fasting blood glucose level at the 12th and 24th month was significantly lower than that at the baseline survey， and there was no significant change in body mass index （BMI） and waist circumference. Subjects in patient group were older and had a higher proportion of a history of impaired glycemic regulation， family history of diabetes， hypertension， and hyperlipidemia than those in high-risk group. In the high-risk group of 503 cases， 74 （14.7%） were new-onset diabetics during the follow-up period， A higher proportion of new-onset diabetics were male， BMI， a combined history of impaired glucose regulation and gestational diabetes history of gestational diabetes mellitus （women only） was a contributing factor to the onset of diabetes.ConclusionHigh-risk groups are more susceptible to diabetes； patients in the diabetes group have better control of fasting blood glucose levels during the 2-year follow-up period， and outpatient follow-up combined with comprehensive interventions helps diabetic patients to control blood glucose.

The main transmission system in a spent fuel reactor is a face gear drive, which works in concentrated nitric acid with high-temperature, and requires not to be damaged under earthquake. To design its strength reasonably, the dynamic performance of the face gear drive is studied. Its meshing principle and characteristics are briefly elaborated. The dynamic model of the face gear drive is established based on the centralized mass method.The influence of factors such as manufacturing errors and misalignments, time-varying meshing stiffness, corrosion on tooth surfaces, earthquakes on the dynamic performance are taken into consideration to deduce the differential equations of the face gear drive. Runge-Kutta method is applied to solve the differential equation, the dynamic loads under excitations of misalignment, earthquake and corrosion are obtained, and the influence law of these excitations on the dynamic load coefficient is further analyzed. The corrosion and earthquake are the key factors that cause significant increase of dynamic load coefficients, the dynamic load caused by the combined action of the considered various factors is less than twice the driving load.

BACKGROUND The contents of many heavy metals in soil in many areas of southwest China are much higher than the national soil background value, and related studies show that most heavy metals in soil are in a state of “high background and low activity”, which is closely related to the special geological process in the area. Most scholars have concentrated more on the weathering process and post-weathering heavy metals of granite, basalt, carbonate rocks and other geological bodies with high background value of heavy metals in southwest China. However, alkali-enriched porphyry also has the characteristics of high background value of heavy metals, and the geochemical behavior characteristics of heavy metals in the weathering process of alkali-enriched porphyry are less studied. The ecological and environmental effects of heavy metal element migration and transformation during weathering are still unclear. There is a large-scale alkali-enriched porphyry belt located in southwest China. Most of the alkali-enriched porphyry areas have precious metals such as gold and silver, and polymetallic deposits such as copper, lead and zinc. Therefore, soil in alkali-enriched porphyry areas usually has the characteristic of high background value of heavy metals. OBJECTIVES For identifying geochemical characteristics of heavy metal elements and a series of ecological and environmental problems during the soil-forming process of alkali-enriched porphyry, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in alkali-enriched porphyry areas and rational planning of agricultural planting. METHODS For sufficient hydrothermal conditions and strong soil-forming in Yunnan Province, a rock weathering profile of Yao’an alkali-enriched porphyry in central Yunnan Province was selected as the research object. The contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn, Al2O3, TFe2O3, CaO, Na2O, K2O, MgO, SiO2, organic carbon and pH in rock/soil samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry/optimal emission spectrometry (ICP-MS/OES), atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and volumetric method. Multivariate statistics method and mass migration coefficient were used to study the distribution characteristics, migration and enrichment rules of heavy metal elements in the weathering profile, as well as the factors affecting the migration and enrichment of heavy metals. RESULTS Based on the analysis of the content and distribution characteristics of eight heavy metals in the weathering profile of Yao’an alkali-enriched porphyry, the migration and enrichment mechanism of heavy metals during the weathering process was identified, and the environmental risk assessment of the surface soil in the area was carried out. (1) In the weathering profile, all the weathering strata have the same source as the bedrock material, and there is no exogenous addition. Different degrees of desiliconization and aluminum-iron enrichment occur in the whole weathering process, especially in the surface layer. In the bottom-up evolution process, all of the heavy metal elements except Cd show an overall trend of increasing content. As, Cr, Cu, Hg and Ni are enriched to different degrees during weathering, while Cd, Pb and Zn are leaching out. The order of heavy metal migration capacity from strong to weak is Cd>Zn>Pb>Hg>Cu>As>Ni>Cr. As, Cr, Cu, and Hg have similar geochemical behavior, as do Cd, Pb, and Zn. (2) Cd, Pb and Zn occur mainly in feldspar minerals and lead-zinc metallic minerals and exhibit the characteristics of migration and leaching under acidic and strong leaching conditions. Although the bedrock is obviously deficient in Cu, Cr, Ni and Hg, it is eventually enrichedin-situ in clay minerals and Al and Fe oxides/hydroxides with weathering due to its own chemical properties and the effect of desilication to enrich aluminum and iron. The enrichment of As is mainly controlled by aluminum-Fe enrichment, and the strong aluminum-Fe enrichment in the study area results in the in-situ secondary enrichment of As. (3) The soil ecological environment in the study area may be polluted by As and Pb due to the high content of Pb in the bedrock and the effect of aluminum-iron enrichment. CONCLUSIONS The risk of As and Pb pollution may exist in the soil ecological environment of the study area, and a large amount of Pb leaching may migrate into the Dragonling River with surface runoff. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of heavy metals such as As and Pb in the overlying soil of alkali-enriched porphyry and heavy metals such as Pb and Zn in the rivers around alkali-enriched porphyry so as to ensure ecological safety.

In the operation of civil aircraft at plateau airport, the climbing gradient is required to be high, and the load loss is serious.Therefore, it is of great significance to optimize the takeoff performance and increase the takeoff weight in terms of economic benefits.In this paper, based on theoretical analysis, the takeoff performance is optimized under the premise of meeting the airworthiness requirements by reducing the flap deflection or using the improved climb method, and the takeoff distances, acceleration stop distances, and takeoff weights of different flap configurations and different climb methods are calculated and analyzed.The results show that the effective optimization can significantly improve the takeoff weight and performance, also yield good economic returns.

The variable density method has become an effective method to solve the topology optimization problem of continuum structure due to its advantages such as few design variables and high efficiency. Aiming at the problem of the gray unit and sawtooth boundary in the optimization process of the variable density method, a post-processing method of variable density method for continuum topology optimization is proposed in this paper. The topology optimization model is binarized and the sawtooth shape boundary line is extracted, and the target discrete corner point set is obtained, used as the sample point for curve fitting to obtain the optimized structure with smooth boundary. Experimental results show that this method effectively avoids the zigzag boundary and intermediate density of the optimization result, and improves the manufacturability of the optimization result under the premise of ensuring that the structural performance is within the allowable range.

【Objective】 Hydraulic loss is a great concern in designing hydraulic apparatus and the objective of this paper is to investigate how to reduce it in the outlet conduit so as to improve the performance of shaft tubular pump. 【Method】 The analysis was based on the standard k-ε turbulent model, and water flow in the conduit was numerically simulated with the simulated results verified against experimental test. The validated model was then used to study the influence of outlet conduit parameters on the performance of the pump, from which we proposed three outlet conduits with different outlet widths. The simulated hydraulic loss and flow pattern in the conduits with different plane diffusion angles, elevation diffusion angles and transition section lengths were analyzed using the single factor method. 【Result】 With the increase in the plane diffusion angle, the hydraulic loss in the outlet decreased first followed by an increase after the angle was larger than 17o. For elevation diffusion angle less than 7°, the hydraulic loss remained almost unchanged, while when it was larger than 7o, the hydraulic loss increased steadily. With the increase in the diffusion section length, the hydraulic loss decreased first followed by an increase when the relative length of the transition section was more than 0.6~0.8. When the hydraulic design parameters were within the normal range, we did not find bad flow patterns in the conduit. 【Conclusion】 When the design parameters are selected appropriately, the hydraulic loss of the outlet conduit of the front shaft tubular pump system can be minimized, and the pump system efficiency will be improved.

【Background】 Shaft tubular pump is a new pumping device with its generator installed in an open shaft, which is moisture-proof and has good ventilation. It has several advantages including easy operation and maintenance, low cost, and simple structure. It is generally used in low-lift and large-flow pumping stations. The development in shaft tubular pump has made it a favorable choice for ultra-low lift and large-flow pumping stations like Shenjiang Pumping Station for regional flood and drainage control. 【Objective】 The purpose of this paper is to test in situ hydraulic performance of shaft tubular pump in ultra-low lift and large-flow pumping station. 【Method】 We took Shenjiang Pumping Station as an example; the external characteristics of its shaft tubular pump were studied using the method of model test, from which we propose plans to improve it. 【Result】 When the blade angle was 0°, the pump was most efficient, reaching 77.57%, with the flow rate and lift being 220.5 L/s and 1.95 m respectively. In the range of the lifts we tested, the pumping station had sufficient cavitation margin and did not cause cavitation damage. When the blade angle was 0° and maximum lift was 2.93 m, the runaway speed was 1.80 times the rated speed. The flow in the original design was too slow while its associated runaway speed under maximum lift was too large, not ideal for safe operation of the pumping station. An optimization scheme for increasing the rated speed of the pump was proposed. Verification against experimental data showed that the energy and cavitation characteristics, runaway speed all met the requirements. 【Conclusion】 The shaft tubular pump has a good hydraulic performance and efficiency, and it is potential for use in ultra-low lift pump stations.

China's social and economic development is currently transitional. There is great incompatibility between the traditional construction land allocation model and the requirements of social and economic development, marked by a prominent contradiction between the supply and demand of construction land that has severely restricted the sustained and healthy development of China's social economy. Improving the efficiency of land resource allocation has become a new driving force for economic growth. With the limited driving power of this factor input for economic development, it is important to explore the occurrence and mechanism of rare construction land resource misallocation to secure the structural benefits of construction land allocation and sustainable economic development, as correcting construction land misallocation would greatly advance land supply-side reform and improve the efficiency of land resource allocation. To explain the mechanism of construction land misallocation, the article builds models for the measurement of both construction land misallocation and its mechanism, applying methods such as spatial autocorrelation model and the spatial Dubin model (SDM). Using these models, we focus on the space-time characteristics, driving factors, and spatial effects of construction land misallocation in China from 2001 to 2016. The sample data in this article come from 235 prefecture-level cities in China. The results show that the misallocation of construction land in China tends to decrease, followed by an increase, with a spatial distribution high in the West and low in the East. There were obvious spatial agglomeration and association features of construction land misallocation and its influencing factors in China, but the spatial correlation effect has weakened. Land financial dependence, industrial structure optimization, and market development have a significant negative impact on construction land misallocation, while government corruption and economic development have a significant positive impact and exert a space spillover effect. We find that the misallocation of construction land in our country is widespread and shows an upward trend. Changing the mode of economic development, increasing government governance, and improving market mechanisms and regional integration can effectively alleviate the misallocation of regional construction land. This paper is significant in discussing the driving factors of construction land misallocation from both theoretical and empirical perspectives, and in analyzing their spatial effect for the first time. It provides research directions and ideas for quantitatively exploring the problem of land resource misallocation, and indicates a feasible way to correct the misallocation of land resources.

Objective To detect the alterations of the transcriptome in host cells infected by enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) and look for the genes involved in its infection so as to lay a foundation for the preliminary exploration of the infection mechanism. Methods The virus was inoculated into human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.01. After 24 h, RNA was extracted from the infected RD cells and control cells for transcriptome sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and analyzed by using Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Eight DEGs, EGR1, c-fos, ZNF625, ARRDC3, c-jun, ASNS, CHAC1 and ADM2 were validated by RT-qPCR. Results A total of 140 genes with at least 2-fold changes at expression level were identified from the sequencing results, of which 71 were up-regulated and 69 were down-regulated. The results of GO functional enrichment analysis mainly involved the regulation and response to ions while the results of KEGG enrichment analysis mainly related to parathyroid hormone synthesis, secretion and action, IL-17 and GnRH signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway and so on. The RT-qPCR results showed that the trend of fold change of expression in the selected 8 genes was basically consistent with the sequencing results, and the expression levels of c-fos and c-jun were increased with the increase of virus MOI and infection duration. Conclusion By validating and using the functional and enrichment analysis, we infer that the mechanism of EV-D68 exacerbating asthma may be related to the up-regulation of c-fos, and MAPK signaling pathway may play a pro-inflammatory and antiviral role during EV-D68 infection.

Aiming at the current situation that ultrafiltration membrane is inefficient to remove the dissolved organic matters (DOM) in raw water and will meet serious membrane fouling after long-term operation, powdered activated carbon (PAC) was used as the coating material to form a cake layer on the surface of 100 kDa Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membrane. In order to study its capability of removing macromolecular organic matters, particles and bacteria in micro-polluted water and the corresponding mechanism, contact angle (CA), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were systematically investigated to analyze the hydrophobicity, composition of the biofilm formed and morphology on the membrane surface. Results showed that the dynamic membrane can significantly improve the removal of organic matters through the adsorption of the powdered activated carbon. The removal rates of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), UV254 and proteinaceous substance are respectively 91.5%, 94.4% and 91.1%. Compared with the control PVDF ultrafiltration membrane, the dynamic membrane has better hydrophilicity. The loose cake layer formed by powdered activated carbon can also avoid the direct interaction between DOM and UF membrane, which slowed down the membrane fouling development.

This paper presents a new radio frequency identification(RFID) tag that based on frequency domain coding. This tag consists of a certain number of square patch resonators placed on a certain substrate. Due to the symmetry of its structure, the tag can be read from any orientation with the reader antennas. The Radar Cross Section(RCS) responding of the tag over the FCC authorizes UWB communications ranges from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. A better frequency identification can be obtained after using the improved Matrix Pencil Method(MPM) to extract the resonance points and differential encoding algorithm analysis. Compared with the previous chipless RFID tags，a capacity of 16 bit can be reached. It has a relatively high coding capacity and better direction independent. It is more suitable for the current market demand.

A novel compact printable chipless RFID tag is presented in this paper. The tag is etched on the substrate by several right-angel-shaped regularly arranged resonators.The tag has good stability for incident waves in a variety of polarized directions. A novel chipless tag encoding method to double the encoding capacity without increasing the mutual coupling between resonators is proposed. The RFID tag operates in the UWB band, and a high encoding density of 3.3 bit/cm2 is obtained on the area of 22 mm×11 mm. RCS curve of the tag has been given by simulation, the agreement between the simulation and the theoretical analysis validates this new concept of design. These tags are single-sided，have higher data density compared to the existing printable chipless tags，and can be directly printed on the ID cards and papers.

More than 10 harbour and estuarine sediment reference materials have been developed in the United States, Canada and other countries, but most of them focus on organic pollutants and radionuclide, and lack certified values. Three sediment reference materials of the Yellow river delta have been prepared in China in 2007. In order to meet the needs of offshore marine sediment geochemical surveys and resource exploration, two sediment standard materials of the Yangtze river delta were prepared according to ISO guidelines and technical standards for reference standards at the national level. Two samples were collected according to different particle sizes, and were dried and ball milled to 200 mesh. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) were used to test the homogeneity. Results show that the F values for the variance test were less than the threshold, which indicates good homogeneity. X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy was used for a four-time stability test in two years. No statistically significant changes were observed and the stability of the samples was good. A total of 13 accurate and reliable analytical methods were used in 12 technologically significant laboratories to finalize the contents of 53 elements. The major elements show gradient distribution with 16.42% and 11.48% of Al2O3. These two reference materials have multiple elements with determined values by accurate and reliable methods, which can provide quality assurance for the analysis and testing during geological and environmental surveys in the Delta region.

Extracting the information of frequency-amplitude of the track irregularity through the Hilbert-Huang Transform（ HHT） spectrum,the clustering analysis is carried on the track irregularity HHT spectrum for the railways of same operating condition,then we can get the track irregularity marginal spectrum standard（ character） matrixes that are proper for describing different operation speed and the dynamic indexes,which will affect the security and comfort operation of the railway,based on these,the model of track irregularity HHT marginal spectrum-mahalanobis distance is built for the differentiate of running speed for the railway line and macroscopic predicting of the rail sections that would serious affect the railroad’s security and comfort operation.

A hardness tester was used to make indentations on the hourglass fatigue specimens of axle steel,and notches were machined by electronic discharge machining(EDM).The fatigue limits of both indentation specimens and notched ones were examined and compared with the theoretical values according to the Murakami formula based on material hardness and defect projected area.The fracture surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy.It is found that local work hardening and residual stress caused by plastic deformation of indentations have no significant effect on the fatigue limits in comparison with the predicted values by the Murakami equation.Fatigue cracks originate from the bottom of indentations due to stress concentration effect.The fatigue limits of notched specimens are lower than the calculated values because of secondary notches caused by the high roughness of notch surfaces and the existence of microcracks and micropores within the re-cast layers.Cracks initiate from multiple sites on the bottom of electronic discharge machining notches.

The first overview of ubiquitous computing,cloud computing and ubiquitous network technology was made.Then a new concept of Intelligent ubiquitous network,its concrete realization of the distributed intelligent open system and business data system were proposed.Finally,the network topology,architecture and key technologies of DIOS were discussed in detail.Intelligent ubiquitous network is the trend of future telecommunication network and can provide "everywhere,all-powerful" service.

Perfect punctured binary sequence pair was used in LCZ/ZCZ.The theory of LCZ/ZCZ sequence pair sets was defined,and three new methods for constructing LCZ/ZCZ sequence pair sets were presented: ZCZ sequence pair sets based on odd length perfect punctured binary sequence pairs and Hadamard matrices;LCZ sequence pair sets based on even length perfect punctured binary sequence pairs and modified Hadamard matrices;and ZCZ sequence pair sets based on perfect punctured binary sequence pairs and orthogonal matrices.With the proposed methods,LCZ/ZCZ sequence pair sets have wider range of low/zero correlation zone and larger capacity of LCZ/ZCZ sequence sets,which can satisfy re-quirements of projects application better.

Objective To assess the prevalence of mycoplasma genitalium (MG) in patients attending sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic in Guangzhou, and to provide an epidemiological foundation for clinical treatment and laboratory diagnostics. Methods Utilizing real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we analyzed MG DNA in 2, 749 clinical specimens collected from 2, 722 outpatients in the Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University from July 2019 to December 2021. Concurrent testing for MG, Chlamydia trachomatis(CT), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) was performed on 2, 382 of these specimens. Patient data extracted from medical records were used to investigate the correlation between STD symptoms and MG infection. Results The investigation revealed that the overall prevalence of MG infection was 4.4 % among the sampled patients (120 out of 2,722), with a higher prevalence in males (4.9 %, or 87 out of 1, 790) compared to in females (3.5 %, or 33 out of 932). Notably, the prevalence decreased with increasing age. The highest incidence of MG infection was observed in females aged 18 ~ 25 years (6.4 %, or 18 out of 281), while the lowest was in males aged 46 years and above (1.5%, or 5 out of 342), showing a statistically significant variation across age groups (P < 0.05). Among males with urethritis symptoms, MG positive rate was significantly higher at 7.3 % (42 out of 574). The rate of single MG infection was prominent, accounting for 89.9 % (71 out of 79) in MG-positive male patients and 61.5 % (16 out of 26) in MG-positive female patients. Co-infection rate of MG with CT was 1.2 % in females and 0.3 % in males, indicating a significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion The findings suggest a relatively high prevalence of MG infection and co-infection with CT among STD clinic attendees in Guangzhou, particularly in the younger demographic. The study underscores the need for early screening and vigilant surveillance of MG to mitigate its transmission among sexually active populations at high risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the prognostic relationship between serum KL-6 level and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) combined with interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD). Methods: In Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from January 2018 to January 2021, seventy patients with RA were selected and divided into RA-ILD group (34 cases) and RA (36 cases) according to whether they were complicated with ILD, clinicopathological characteristics of the two groups of patients were analyzed by univariate analysis, focusing on the comparison of the expression level of KL-6 in the serum of the two groups and the correlation analysis with laboratory indexes, lung function and imaging, multivariate Logistic regression analysis risk factors affecting RA-ILD. Results: There were significant differences in gender, smoking history, age, age of onset, course of disease, DAS28, KL-6, WBC, UA, RF, anti-CCP antibody, TLC%Pred and DLCO%Pred between the two groups (P<0.05). In RA-ILD group, the proportion of clinical symptoms was more prominent, joint pain was more prominent, and the thickening of pleural adhesion was more prominent on HRCT; Spearson correlation analysis showed that the level of serum KL-6 in RA-ILD group was significantly negatively correlated with TLC% Pred, VC%Pred and DLCO%Pred (P<0.05); there was a significant positive correlation with RF and anti-CCP antibody levels (P< 0.05); there was no significant correlation with FEV1% Pred and FEV1/FVC (P>0.05) ; expression level of KL-6 in RA-ILD group was significantly higher than that in RA group before treatment, and there was no significant difference after treatment (P>0.05) ;Fol- lowed up for one year, six patients died in RA-ILD group. The expression level of KL-6 in death group was significantly higher than that in non death group (P<0.05) ; multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that old age, male, smoking, increased anti CCP antibody and KL-6 were independent risk factors for RA-ILD (P<0.05) ; the maximum area under the ROC curve predicted by serum KL-6 was 0.802, the 95%C/ was 0.743~0.866, the sensitivity was 0.853, the specificity was 0.827, and the maximum area under the ROC curve detected jointly was 0.854, indicating that the prediction ability of the model was strong. Conclusion: Serum KL-6 levels in RA-ILD patients are significantly increased. KL-6 can be used as a serological index for early detection of ILD, and combined with lung function detection can detect ILD earlier. Early diagnosis is of great significance for treatment and prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the changes of structure and functional properties of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) from lotus root residue before and after alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) treatment. Results showed that D-glucose content of lotus root residue IDF increased significantly by 9.52% (=O.O5), while the expansion capacity was greatly reduced (=

Cottonseed meal is a high-yielding, nutrient-rich and unconventional protein feed resource, which is of great significance to solving the shortage of protein feed resources in China. However, there are anti-nutritional factors in cottonseed meal, and long-term feeding cottonseed meal will cause adverse effects on the growth, development and reproduction of poultry, which limits its application in poultry. Therefor understanding the nutritional properties and detoxification methods of anti-nutritional factors in cottonseed meals is vital for the application of cottonseed meals in poultry production. The paper reviews the characteristics of nutritional and anti-nutritional of cottonseed meal, the standard methods of detoxification of cottonseed meal, and the application of conventional and detoxified cottonseed meal in poultry production, to provide a reference for the scientific application of cottonseed meals in poultry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: It has been recognized as a complex problem in tumor therapy to deal with the tumor immune escape, and over-activated autophagy can cause the increase of tumor surface antigen, which participates in anti-tumor immunity. In this study, the expressions of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), mature dendritic cell (mDC) and the formation of tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS), an essential autophagy factor in colorectal cancer, were detected in clinical samples. The results had important clinical implications and provided new insights for enhancing anti-tumor immunity. Methods: Immunohistochemical EnVision method was used to detect the expressions of LC3, DC-lamp and the formation of TLS in cancer tissues and normal mucosal tissues of 179 patients with T2 stage high-risk and T3 stage colorectal cancer who underwent surgical resection at Binzhou Medical University Hospital from January 2016 to June 2017. Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR) were used to detect the expressions of LC3, NY-ESO-2, lymphotoxin-beta (LTβ), CC chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21), CXC chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in TLS+ and TLS-colorectal cancer tissues. Then the correlation and clinical significance were analyzed. Log-rank test was used to compare the prognostic differences between groups, and COX proportional risk regression model was used for multivariate survival analysis. Results: Clinical samples showed that the expressions of LC3 and DC-lamp were higher in colorectal cancer tissues than in normal mucosa tissues (P<0.05), and the expressions of LC3 and DC-lamp were positively correlated (P<0.05). The protein and mRNA expressions of LC3, NY-ESO-2, LTβ, CXCL13 and CCL21 were higher in TLS+ group than in TLS- group. The expression of IL-17 was higher in the TLS- group than in the TLS+ group (P<0.05). The expression of LC3 was positively correlated with TLS/ germinal center (GC)+ and TLS/GC- subtypes and positively correlated with the expression of NY-ESO-2, LTβ, CXCL13 and CCL21 (P<0.05). The expression of DC-lamp was higher in TLS/GC+ and TLS/GC- subtype groups than in the other two subgroups (P<0.05), and there was a positive correlation. Kaplan-Meier and COX regression models showed that LC3, DC-lamp, TLS and lymph node metastasis were closely related to the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer, and they were independent risk factors for the prognosis of colorectal cancer. Conclusion: The abnormal expression of LC3 in colorectal cancer can activate mDC to recruit lymphocytes and promote the expression and maturation of TLS, ultimately affecting the prognosis of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the oscillation behavior of the molten pool, the dynamic change of the molten pool profile has a certain fluctuation. Based on the visual sensing detection method, the oscillation behavior of molten pool in pulsed micro-plasma arc welding of 0.1 mm thick ultra-thin stainless steel was studied, and the influence of different pulse parameters of welding current on the oscillation frequency and amplitude of molten pool was discussed. The results show that the size of molten pool fluctuates slightly during the action of base current and peak current, which is caused by molten pool oscillation. The oscillation frequency of the molten pool increases with the increase of the pulse current frequency in a certain range, while the oscillation amplitude of the molten pool decreases with the increase of the pulse current frequency. The oscillation frequency of the molten pool can reflect the quality of the weld seam forming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] This paper aims to present clarified axial stress solution formulas for epoxy steel sleeve repaired and reinforced pipelines subjected to axial forces. [Methods] A mechanical model was first established to express simplified stress characteristics of pipelines repaired with epoxy steel sleeves under axial forces. Based on this model, theoretical solution formulas were derived for determining axial stresses on the pipe and sleeve layers under axial forces, through utilizing the stress solution method and considering deformation coordination.To verify the proposed axial stress formulas, ANSYS software was employed to establish sleeve repaired pipeline models, both with and without a flange, for numerical simulations. The calculations were performed for pipelines with diameters of 219 mm, 660 mm, and 1 219 mm,respectively. A comparison between the theoretical solutions for axial stress and the numerical solutions was made to verify the proposed formulas. Additionally, the proposed calculation formulas were further verified by comparison with examples found in the available literature.[Results] The study results demonstrated the validity of the mechanically simplified models and their conservative nature in the obtained outcomes. When subject to axial forces, the discrepancies between the theoretical and numerical solutions for axial stress on the inner and outer walls of the pipe layer and sleeve layer, using both the sleeve repair models with and without a flange, remained within 5%. Similarly, in the three diameter scenarios, the differences between the theoretical and numerical solutions for axial stress did not exceed 5%. Furthermore,with an axial force of 1 500 kN, the errors between the theoretical axial stress bearing capacity proportions and the measured values from full-scale tensile experiments on epoxy steel sleeve repaired steel pipelines were all below 5%. [Conclusion] Through the comparison of the theoretical solutions with the numerical solutions and measured values, the rationality and applicability of the theoretical formulas for axial stress have been verified. These formulas can be used for safe integral structural checks. The research findings provide a reference for the design and evaluation of epoxy steel sleeve repaired and reinforced pipelines subjected to axial forces.

In order to improve the solution accuracy of hydrogeological parameters, taking two groups of pumping test data as examples, the Hunger Games Search (HGS) algorithm is introduced for the first time. The objective function is to minimize the mean sum of squares of the difference between measured and simulated depth drawdown to optimize the solution of water conduction coefficient and water storage coefficient of Theis formula. Based on the evaluation indexes, the results are compared with those of five intelligent optimization algorithms, such as Golden Sine Algorithm (Gold-SA), Aquila Optimizer (AO), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) and Archimedes Optimization Algorithm (AOA). The results show that HGS Algorithm has good global optimization ability and robustness in groundwater parameter inversion. In comparison, HGS Algorithm has not only the highest inversion accuracy but also the smallest error value of evaluation index. Nash efficiency coefficient value is closest to 1, and the comprehensive performance is the best. Therefore, the HGS algorithm can effectively improve the solution accuracy of hydrogeological parameters, and provide a new solution method for groundwater parameter inversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By constructing the evolutionary game model between experimental technicians in universities, this paper analyzes the behavior choice of game participants between cooperation and individual work under the two professional title policies of championship and threshold system. The model analysis shows that compared with the three fixed points in the tournament mode, the threshold system has only two fixed points, and under the threshold system, when the cooperation cost z < 0.21, all players will choose cooperation, while the tournament game requires z ≤ 0.11, indicating that the evolutionary stable equilibrium of all game participants choosing cooperation under the threshold system is easier to realize. Based on the model analysis, this paper further analyzes the relative advantages and disadvantages of the championship and threshold professional title policies, and puts forward some suggestions on implementing the threshold title policy in the team of experimental technicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Influence of fabric electrode on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric film property was studied. Sheet resistance of 3. 5 Ω·cm² silver paste screen printing polyester fabric was prepared by screen printing method. Silver-plated polyester fabric and copper screen fabric with same sheet resistance were selected. Three kinds of fabric were used as electrode together with PVDF piezoelectric film to encapsulate and prepare flexible piezoelectric sensor. Dielectric contact property, sensitivity and durability of the three fabric piezoelectric sensors were tested. The test results showed electrode dielectric impedance of silver-plated fabric and copper screen fabric were stable when the frequency was lower than 4 kHz. When the frequency was around 1x104 Hz, the fluctuation of relative dielectric constant for silver paste screen printing fabric electrode was obvious. It was obviously higher than those of the other two fabric electrodes under high frequency condition. The dielectric property of silver-plated fabric electrode was close to that of copper screen fabric electrode. The three kinds of electrode all had a certain piezoelectric susceptibility. The sensitivities of silver paste screen printing fabric electrode and copper screen fabric electrode were slightly higher. After 2 000 times of pressing, sawtooth square signals still could be output for silver-plated fabric electrode and copper screen fabric electrode. Obvious baseline drift phenomenon was appeared for silver paste screen printing fabric electrode. It is considered that the overall properties of flexible piezoelectric sensor packaged by copper screen fabric as electrode are better. Dielectric property and durability of silver-plated fabric are better. Sensitivity of silver paste screen printing fabric is better. The three kinds of fabric can be used as electrode material to produce sensor. However, problems like motion artifact and so on need to be further studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the indoor propagation efficiency of Anisopteromalus calandrae, the effects of types and concentrations of sugar sources on longevity and reproductive capacity of A. calandrae were studied by using glucose, fructose, sucrose and honey as sugar sources. The results showed that the longevity of female and male A. calandrae was significantly prolonged by feeding sugars. The longevity of female and male A. calandrae fed with honey and fructose was 5.1-6.7 times of the control, and was significantly longer than that under the other treatments. With the increase of sugar concentration, the longevity of female and male A. calandrae increased first and then decreased. The total number of adult wasps increased to 118.8-130.0, which was significantly higher than that of the control; however, there was no significant difference among different concentrations. When supplemented with 15% (volume fraction) honey water, the number of female progenies was the most (76.7), and the female to male ratio was the highest (2.9). Two sugar sources, honey and fructose, had the most influences on the longevity of A. calandrae, and the sugar concentration of 15% was the most beneficial for the improvement of reproductive efficiency of A. calandrae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the usability of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco from southern Shaanxi, the upper leaves of cv. Yunyan 87 were sprayed with enzyme preparations (amylase, cellulase and complex enzyme) at two concentrations (30 U/g and 60 U/g) before curing. The contents (mass fraction) of routine chemical components and aroma components and sensory quality of cured leaves were analyzed. The results showed that, compared with the control, 60 U/g cellulase and 60 U/g amylase treatments were significantly effective, and the total soluble sugar, reducing sugar and potassium contents were significantly increased in the cured tobacco leaves. The potassium content was 11.5% and 17.7% higher than the control respectively. The nicotine content in the leaves after 60 U/g cellulase treatment and the starch content in the leaves after 60 U/g amylase treatment were significantly lower than those of the control. The flue-cured tobacco under the 60 U/g cellulase treatment had the highest total sensory score, followed by that under 30 U/g cellulase treatment. The GC-MS test results indicated that compared with the control, the degradation products of plastid pigment of flue-cured tobacco treated with the 60 U/g cellulase were significantly increased by 52.5%. In addition, Maillard reaction products and the content of cembrane aroma substances also increased to varying degrees. Therefore, spraying 60 U/g cellulase before curing can improve the quality of the upper tobacco leaves through harmonizing the chemical components, improving the sensory quality and increasing the content of aroma substances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Propane dehydrogenation to propylene reaction and regeneration process were studied with refinery propane gas. The effects of reaction temperature, space velocity and carrier gas on propane dehydrogenation reaction were investigated in pilot plant. The regeneration performance of catalyst was investigated, the regeneration conditions were optimized, and the reasons for catalyst deactivation were analyzed. The results show that with the increase of reaction temperature and the decrease of space velocity, the propane conversion increases, but the selectivity decreases. Under the conditions of 600 °C and 400 h-1 space velocity of propane, the conversion of propane is 43. 41%, the selectivity of propylene is 81. 29%, and the yield of propylene is more than 35. 29%. After six times of regeneration, the performance of the catalyst remains stable, and refinery propane gas will not cause catalyst poisoning, The main reason of catalyst deactivation is carbon deposition. The performance of deactivated catalyst can be recovered after 0. 5 h carbon burning at 550 ~ 580 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the application range of natural dyes in wool textile industry and improve the quality of products, the printing performance of madder dyes on silk/wool fabrics were studied. The effect of different printing processes on the printing effect was discussed, and the pretreatment and printing process for silk/wool fabrics was determined. Ferrous sulfate was selected as mordant, the printing process of silk/ wool ghatpot was carried out by using pre-media printing technology. On this basis, the optimal printing process parameters were further determined: the dosage of glycerin was 2 g, the steaming time was 30 min, and the dosage of mordant was 20 g/L. The rubbing fastness and washing fastness of silk/wool fabrics printed with madder dye are better with better antibacterial and ultraviolet resistance, which have a good prospect of development and application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is generally regarded as the third frequent malignancy worldwide, while current diagnosis and treatment of the disease are limited. The previous studies of CRC revealed that epigenetic modification plays a crucial role in the progression of CRC. Epigenetic modification is identified as heritable changes in gene functions that occur without changing the DNA sequence, resulting in cells with similar DNA eventually developing into different types with different functions, which encompasses DNA/RNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA regulation. Circular RNA (circRNA), a kind of non-coding RNA that forms a covalently closed loop, is widely present in various cells which drive initiation and progression of cancers through multiple pathways. The emerging data show that epigenetic modification may affect the biological functions of circRNA, while circRNA can also participate in the progression of CRC by targeting molecules related to epigenetic modification. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been found to directly promote production, translation, and functions of circRNA on the one hand, and interact with circRNA on the other hand, thereby altering onset, progression, and metastasis of the disease. DNA methylation and histone modification have also been observed to have potential interaction with circRNA. This review provides a brief overview about the association between current epigenetic modifications and circRNA, and the significant role they may play in the progression of CRC, and also outlines the potential applications to diagnosis and treatment, and the research direction in the future.

In order to further improve the quality of transfer printing products, the transfer printing process and performance of cotton/wool printed fabrics were studied and analyzed. The crosslinking agent 632 was applied on the transfer paper to improve the color fastness of the fabric, good color fastness was obtained and the strength of the fabric is less affected. The printing color depth, color fastness and breaking strength retention rate should be considered duiring cotton/wool fabric transfer printing process. The results showed that the pressing temperature of the transfer printing is 180 T and the pressing time is 90s. Under this process condition, the K/S value is higher, the rubbing fastness is higher than grade 3, the soaping fastness is also higher than grade 3 and the fabric strength is less influenced. The hand feeling of the cotton/wool fabric is less influenced before and after the transfer printing process. Under appropriate pressing temperature and pressing time, the total average bending length of the fabric does not change much. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional cotton fabric light coloring process was divided into two processes, which is bleaching and dyeing, and the process is long and the water consumption is large. To solve the problem, a new cotton fabric bleaching and dyeing one-bath process was used to dye the light-colored phase. The experimental results show that the optimal process for SR dyeing with reactive dyes of Norwegian clones is 1% H2O2, 65 °C, 40 min, and 7.5% solid soda, which not only shortens the operation process, but also improves production efficiency, the objective of energy saving and emission reduction as well as production costs reduction can be reached. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of experimental teaching and scientific research in colleges and universities, laboratory safety management is playing an increasingly important role. Problems such as rigid system, outdated equipment and weak safety awareness are main factors which could cause accidents during the process of laboratory management. To ensure that the experimental environment meets the standards of practical teaching, laboratory equipment needs to be regularly updated and the management system that contradicts the concrete operation should also be adjusted. This paper discusses the combination of PDCA and laboratory safety management, followed by a discussion of its strengths and weaknesses. In the PDCA, the laboratory safety management is divided into four sections with various tasks, so that the entire process can be a sustainable cycle . The ultimate purpose is to reduce the possibility of safety accident in laboratories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]