Search

Terpene synthases (TPSs) play a crucial role in the synthesis of terpenoids that contribute to the scent profiles of flowers. However, few studies report the genome-wide analysis of TPS s gene in Jasminum sambac var. Fuzhou bifoliatum and their expression pattern in response to methyl jasmonate (MeJA). In this study, we employed bioinformatics tools for genome-wide analysis of the J . sambac TPS (DJTPS) gene family and determined the physical and chemical properties, subcellular location, protein-protein interactions, phylogenetic relationship, subfamily classification, chromosomal location and collinearity, gene structure, conserved motifs, and promoter cis -acting elements. The expression patterns of DJTPS s in different tissues and in response to MeJA treatment were analyzed based on the transcriptome data combined with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). We identified 32 intact DJTPS genes in the genome of J . sambac , which presented uneven distribution across nine chromosomes. All the deduced proteins were hydrophilic, predominantly localized in the cytoplasm. The phylogenetic analysis classified the DJTPS genes into five subfamilies: TPS-a, TPS-b, TPS-c, TPS-e/f, and TPS-g. The results of the collinearity analysis showed a total of 10 sets of replication events in DJTPS s, most of which underwent purifying selection. A comparative analysis of TPS homologous gene pairs was performed among J . sambac var. Fuzhou bifoliatum and other six species, which revealed different number of homologous gene pairs. The number of exons and motifs was conserved within the same subfamily. DJTPS genes carried multiple elements that may be involved in the response to MeJA. In addition, the transcriptome and qRT-PCR data unveiled that several TPS genes exhibited tissue-specific expression patterns, and the genes with specific expression in flowers were the most. Upon exposure to MeJA, 14 TPS genes showcased upregulated expression 5 h or 6 h post-treatment, and DJTPS03 , DJTPS04 and DJTPS21 showed significantly increased expression levels after MeJA treatment. This study provides preliminary evidence that MeJA possesses the ability to enhance the expression of DJTPS genes during the critical flowering stage, which will facilitate the synthesis of terpenoids and improve the quality of floral fragrance.

Objective: To analyze the disease burden of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) in China from 1990 to 2019, forecast the disease burden of NIHL from 2020 to 2030, and provide data support for the prevention and control of NIHL. Methods: In July 2022, the disease burden data of NIHL in different age groups and genders in China during 1990-2019 were selected from the GBD database. The Jointpoint regression model was established to analyze the trend of the disease burden of NIHL in China. An age-period-cohort model was constructed to analyze the changing trend of NIHL in terms of age, period, and cohort, and a Bayesian age-period-cohort model was developed to predict the disease burden of NIHL in China from 2020 to 2030. Results: From 1990 to 2019, the disability adjusted life year (DALY) of China's NIHL increased from 1361600 to 2327700 years. The coarse rate of DALY increased from 115.03/100000 to 163.65/100000 (AAPC=1.23, P <0.001), and the normalization rate of DALY decreased from 127.67/100000 to 119.83/100000 (AAPC=-0.21, P <0.001). It is predicted that from 2020 to 2030, the DALYs of China's NIHL will increase from 2412900 in 2020 to 2655000 in 2030, and the DALY normalization rate will decrease from 241.29/100000 in 2020 to 125.71/100000 in 2030. Conclusion: The burden of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in China is significant and should not be overlooked. To reduce this burden, we need to focus on strengthening source management, process control, personal protection, and comprehensive prevention and treatment through various methods.

Objetive: To explore the hematological phenotype and genotypic characteristics of five Chinese individuals with a rare thalassemia mutation HBB: c.93-21G＞A., Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on five individuals identified by the People's Hospital of Yangjiang and Guangzhou Hybribio Co., Ltd. from May 2018 to September 2022. Routine blood test and hemoglobin electrophoresis were performed, and the genotypes of five subjects were determined by using PCR combined with reverse dot blotting (RDB), nested PCR, Gap-PCR and Sanger sequencing. This study was approved by the People's Hospital of Yangjiang (Ethics No. 20240001)., Results: Among the five individuals, hematological data of one was unavailable, and the remaining four had presented with microcytosis and hypochromia. The results of hemoglobin electrophoresis indicated that all of them had a HbA2 level of ≥4.7%. Genetic analysis showed that one case had harbored compound heterozygous mutations of ααα anti3.7 triplet and HBB: c.93-21G＞A, one had compound heterozygous mutations of -α 3.7 and HBB: c.93-21G＞A, whilst the remaining three were heterozygous for the HBB: c.93-21G＞A mutation., Conclusion: The hematological phenotype of β-thalassemia carriers (HBB: c.93-21G＞A) is similar to that of other β + thalassemia heterozygotes with mild β-thalassemia characteristics.

Exploring the protective mechanism of metformin against septic cardiomyopathy based on the mitogen-activated protein kinase P38 (P38 MAPK)/c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. This paper is an experimental animal study design, which was completed from January to December 2023 at the Xiangya Hospital, Central South University. Forty-eight 8-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: group A (control group), group B (model group), group C (model+trimetazidine hydrochloride), and group D (model+metformin group), with 12 mice in each group, by using a randomized numeric table method. Groups B, C, and D were injected intraperitoneally with LPS (15 mg/kg) to construct a septic cardiomyopathy mouse model. 24 h after modeling, Groups A and B were injected intraperitoneally with an equal amount of saline, Group C was given 20 mg/kg trimetazidine hydrochloride by gavage, and Group D was injected with metformin 200 mg/kg intraperitoneally, and all of them were subjected to consecutive interventions for 14 d. The results were summarized in the following table. Ultrasound imaging system was used to detect cardiac function, and TUNEL method was used to detect apoptosis rate of myocardial tissues; real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the levels of mRNA of JNK, P38 MAPK of P38 MAPK signaling pathway in the myocardial tissues of mice; Plasma creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in all groups of mice; and protein kinase C, and protein kinase C levels were measured by protein blotting in cardiac muscle tissue. Eplison isoform (PKCε), and Cavity protein-3 (Cav-3) protein expression in myocardial tissues. The results showed that compared with group A, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (79.51±6.62)%, left ventricular short-axis shortening (FS) (45.66±4.13), apoptosis rate (4.34±0.36)%, JNK (0.96±0.06), P38 MAPK (1.01±0.03), CK-MB (2.37±0.13) μg/L, BNP (21.36±3.47) ng/L, TNF-α (176.22±19.24) ng/L, IL-6 (35.43±3.84) ng/L, PKCε expression (1.98±0.26), Cav-3 expression (1.04±0.03) compared to apoptosis rates in groups B, C, and D (28.22±4.49, 22.45±3.69, 15.88±3.27), JNK (1.68±0.11, 1.32±0.18, 1.13±0.14), P38 MAPK (2.47±0.71,1.77±0.35,1.49±0.05), CK-MB (16.55±2.16, 12.63±1.98, 5.27±0.61), BNP (48.92±5.67, 33.78±4.11, 27.55±3.84), TNF-α (463.71±24.81, 335.71±36.71, 214.78±22.53), and IL-6 (78.57±6.36, 63.71±5.66, 52.47±5.47) expression were elevated, while left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (49.38±5.27, 55.47±5.03, 62.26±5.14), left ventricular short-axis shortening (FS) (24.36±2.17, 30.43±3.29, 33.57±2.72), PKCε expression (1.33±0.21, 1.54±0.23, 1.75±0.22), and Cav-3 expression (0.47±0.06, 0.76±0.05, 0.85±0.04) were all down-regulated ( F =113.020,67.657,219.539,206.222,227.977,88.455,6285.186,135.877,65.924,96.362,17.532,314.419, P <0.05). Compared with group B, apoptosis rate, JNK, P38 MAPK, CK-MB, BNP, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression were decreased, and LVEF, FS, PKCε, and Cav-3 expression were up-regulated in groups C and D. And group D was better than group C ( P< 0.05). In conclusion, metformin has a protective effect against septic cardiomyopathy, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the activation of the P38 MAPK/JNK signaling pathway and the up-regulation of PKCε and Cav-3 expression.

Guanidinoacetic acid, as an energetic substance, has a wide range of applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and feed industries. However, the biosynthesis of guanidinoacetic acid has not been applied in industrial production. In this study, we designed the synthetic route of guanidinoacetic acid in a food-grade strain of Bacillus subtilis . By regulating the expression of key enzymes, lifting feedback inhibition, and increasing membrane permeability, we achieved the efficient synthesis of guanidinoacetic acid by whole-cell catalysis. Firstly, the optimal L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase was screened based on the phylogenetic tree, and the expression of the key enzyme was enhanced by a strategy combining strong promoter and genome integration. Secondly, the ornithine cycle for L-arginine synthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum was introduced to alleviate the feedback inhibition of the enzyme by the byproduct L-ornithine, and the L-arginine degradation pathway was knocked down to enhance substrate regeneration. Thirdly, the expression of N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase (LytC) was up-regulated to increase the cell membrane permeability. Finally, after optimization of whole-cell production conditions, strain Bs -13 achieved guanidinoacetic acid production at a titer of 13.1 g/L after 24 h, with a proudction rate of 0.54 g/(L·h) and a glycine conversion rate of 92.7%. The above strategy improved the production of guanidinoacetic acid and provided a reference for the biosynthesis of guanidinoacetic acid.

Objective: To investigate the impact of overwork on vascular endothelial barrier function in mice., Methods: Thirty KM mice were randomized equally into control, overwork for 2 weeks (W2) group and 4 weeks (W4) group. In the latter two groups, the mice were subjected to continuous standing in water for 8 h followed by restraint for 3 h to simulate overwork on a daily basis for 2 and 4 weeks. After modeling, 4 mice from each group were intraperitoneally injected with Evans blue dye to assess vascular permeability. In the other 6 mice, serum IL-1β levels were measured using ELISA, and arterial tissues were collected for histological examination and detection of mRNA expressions of occludin, claudin-5, ZO-1 , JAM-A and VE-cadherin ; immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the protein expressions of claudin-5, ZO-1, VE-cadherin, and Syndecan-1., Results: The mice in W2 and W4 groups exhibited slower weight gain, hair loss, reduced activity, and significantly increased serum IL-1β levels. Vascular permeability was significantly increased in W4 group. In W2 group, the endothelial cells were swollen and dissociated, and the intima was rough and irregular; arterial intimal rupture was observed in W4 group. The mRNA expressions of occludin, claudin-5, ZO-1 and JAM-A in the arterial tissues were significantly increased in W2 group but decreased in W4 group, while VE-cadherin mRNA expression were reduced in both groups ( P < 0.05). The protein expressions of claudin-5, ZO-1, VE-cadherin, and Syndecan-1 were all significantly reduced in W4 group., Conclusion: Prolonged overwork can cause damage of the intercellular junction complexes in arterial endothelial cells and the endothelial glycocalyx to result in impaired barrier function and increased vascular permeability in mice.

Objective: To observe the clinical effect on unilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction treated with acupuncture at Niwanneibazhen points combined with vestibular rehabilitation., Methods: A total of 84 patients with unilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction were randomly divided into a trial group (42 cases, 2 cases dropped out) and a control group (42 cases, 1 case dropped out). In the control group, vestibular rehabilitation was given. In the trial group, based on the treatment in the control group, Niwanneibazhen points were located. Taking Baihui (GV 20) as the center, three equal section was divided on the line from Baihui (GV 20) to Yintang (GV 24 + ). A circle was drawn with the radius from the inner 1/3 equal-section point to Baihui (GV 20), and divided into eight equal parts. Acupuncture was delivered at Baihui (GV 20) and the eight equal-part points, with needles retained for 30 min. The intervention with acupuncture was operated once every three days, twice a week, consecutively for 4 weeks. Before and after treatment completion, using the Berg balance scale (BBS), dizziness handicap inventory (DHI), hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), and Pittsburgh quality index (PSQI), the balance function, the degree of vertigo, emotional conditions, and sleep quality were evaluated in the patients of the two groups, and the clinical effect was assessed., Results: After 4 weeks of treatment, the BBS scores were higher than those before treatment ( P <0.01), and the scores of DHI, HADS, and PSQI were lower than those before treatment ( P <0.01) in the two groups. The reduction of HADS and PSQI scores in the trial group was larger than that of the control group ( P <0.01). The total effective rate was 90% (36/40) in the trial group, higher than that of the control group (78.1%, 32/41, P <0.05)., Conclusion: Acupuncture at Niwanneibazhen points combined with vestibular rehabilitation can effectively ameliorate balance function and vertigo degree, relieve the emotions of anxiety and depression, and improve the quality of sleep in the patients with unilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction.

Vitamins are a class of organic substances essential for maintaining the normal physiological function of organisms. Most vitamins cannot be synthesized by the human body, and a small number of vitamins can only be synthesized in a limited manner, which cannot meet the body needs. Therefore, people need to take food or drugs containing vitamins to meet the body needs. Nowadays, vitamins are widely used in medicine, food or feed additives, cosmetics and other industries, and the demand for vitamins is growing. Vitamins are mainly produced by chemical synthesis and biosynthesis. Compared with chemical synthesis, biosynthesis of vitamins is praised for the environmental friendliness, high safety, and low costs. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the biosynthesis methods of vitamins. This paper reviews the research progress in the methods and summarizes the research results in the biosynthesis of water-soluble vitamins (B vitamins and vitamin C) in recent years and then makes an outlook on the future development in this field.

Hepatosplenic candidiasis (HSC) is a rare type of candidiasis that can occur in patients with hematologic malignancies, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. At present, there is still a lack of studies on HSC in patients with hematologic disorders. Based on The Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Invasive Fungal Disease in Patients with Hematological Disorders and Cancers (the 6th revision), We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with HSC treated in Peking University Institute of Hematology from 2008 to 2022. Finally, eighteen patients were included, with 1 (5.6%) proven, 2 (11.1%) probable, and 15 (83.3%) possible HSC. Among them, 3 (16.7%) patients occurred after haploid hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and 15 (83.3%) patients occurred after chemotherapy. 6 (33.3%) patients had positive blood cultures, including 4 cases of Candida tropicalis and 2 cases of Candida albicans. At 4 weeks of antifungal therapy, 10 (58.8%) patients achieved partial response (PR), At 8 weeks, 1 (6.3%) patients achieved complete response and 10 (62.5%) patients achieved PR. At 6 months after diagnosis, 3 (16.7%) patients died of hematopoietic recurrence, and none of them died of HSC. As a rare fungal infection disease, HSC has a low positive rate of microbiological and histological examinations, a persistent treat cycle, and has difficulty in remission, reminding us of the need for vigilance in patients with hematopoietic disorders and persistent fever.

2-phenylethanol (2-PE), an aromatic alcohol with a rose fragrance, is the second most widely used flavoring substance in the world. It is widely used in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries. This paper introduces the chemical synthesis methods of 2-PE and the synthetic pathways in plants and microorganisms, summarizes the strategies to improve the microbial synthesis of 2-PE, reviews the research progress in de novo synthesis of 2-PE in microorganisms, and makes an outlook on the research prospects, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the industrial production of 2-PE.

The segmentation of dental models is a crucial step in computer-aided diagnosis and treatment systems for oral healthcare. To address the issues of poor universality and under-segmentation in tooth segmentation techniques, an intelligent tooth segmentation method combining multiple seed region growth and boundary extension is proposed. This method utilized the distribution characteristics of negative curvature meshes in teeth to obtain new seed points and effectively adapted to the structural differences between the top and sides of teeth through differential region growth. Additionally, the boundaries of the initial segmentation were extended based on geometric features, which was effectively compensated for under-segmentation issues in region growth. Ablation experiments and comparative experiments with current state-of-the-art algorithms demonstrated that the proposed method achieved better segmentation of crowded dental models and exhibited strong algorithm universality, thus possessing the capability to meet the practical segmentation needs in oral healthcare.

Objective: To discuss the application of anterior region suture of the popliteal hiatus (PH) under arthroscopy in the treatment of discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) injury with instability in the popliteal tendon region., Methods: The clinical data of 53 patients (56 knees) with DLM injury who met the selection criteria between March 2014 and November 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 15 males and 38 females, aged 8-55 years with an average age of 36.5 years. Fourteen cases had a history of trauma, while the remaining 39 cases had no clear history of trauma. The disease duration ranged from 1 day to 6 years, with an average duration of 15.6 months. According to the Watanabe classification, there were 40 knees of complete type and 16 knees of incomplete type. The preoperative International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) knee joint score was 51.2±8.3, the Lysholm score was 59.6±11.2, and the visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 4.7±1.3. After the arthroscopic meniscal plasty, the instability of the popliteal tendon region meniscus was checked by probing traction. Subsequently, the Out-inside technique or a combination of Out-inside and All-inside techniques was used to suture the anterior region of the PH. The stability of the meniscus after suturing was assessed, and if necessary, further suturing using the All-inside technique at the posterior region of the PH, the posterior horn of the meniscus, and using the Out-inside technique at the anterior horn of the meniscus was performed. Postoperative complications were recorded. The effectiveness was evaluated using pre- and post-operative IKDC scores, Lysholm scores, and VAS scores., Results: After operation, knee joint pain, crepitus, and locking disappeared, with McMurray and grinding tests turning negative. All patients were followed up 12-93 months with an average of 57.5 months. There was no complication such as common peroneal nerve injury, deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs, joint infection, or joint stiffness. At last follow-up, the IKDC knee joint score was 76.7±5.5, the Lysholm score was 94.0±4.1, and the VAS score was 1.1±0.8. The differences compared with preoperative scores were significant ( t =-22.090, P <0.001; t =-23.704, P <0.001; t =19.767, P <0.001)., Conclusion: Suturing of the anterior region of the PH is crucial in the treatment of DLM injury with instability in the popliteal tendon region.

Objectives: Melanoma is highly malignant and heterogeneous. It is essential to develop a specific prognostic model for improving the patients' survival and treatment strategies. Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis results from the overproduction of lipid peroxidation and is an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death. Despite this, ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and their clinical significances remain unknown in malignant melanoma. This study aims to assess the role of FRGs in melanoma, with the goal of developing a novel prognostic model that provides new insights into personalized treatment and improvement of therapeutic outcomes for melanoma., Methods: We systematically characterized the genetic alterations and mRNA expression of 73 FRGs in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) dataset in this study. The results were validated with real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. Subsequently, a multi-gene feature model was constructed using the TCGA-SKCM cohort. Melanoma patients were classified into a high-risk group and a low-risk group based on the feature model. As a final step, correlations between ferroptosis-related signatures and immune features, immunotherapy efficacy, or drug response were analyzed., Results: By analyzing melanoma samples from TCGA-SKCM dataset, FRGs exhibited a high frequency of genetic mutations and copy number variations (CNVs), significantly impacting gene expression. Additionally, compared with normal skin tissue, 30 genes with significantly differential expression were identified in melanoma tissues. A prognostic model related to FRGs, constructed using the LASSO Cox regression method, identified 13 FRGs associated with overall survival prognosis in patients and was validated with external datasets. Finally, functional enrichment and immune response analysis further indicated significant differences in immune cell infiltration, mutation burden, and hypoxia status between the high-risk group and the low-risk group, and the model was effective in predicting responses to immunotherapy and drug sensitivity., Conclusions: This study develops a strong ferroptosis-related prognostic signature model which could put forward new insights into target therapy and immunotherapy for patients with melanoma.

Physiological studies have revealed that rats perform spatial localization relying on grid cells and place cells in the entorhinal-hippocampal CA3 structure. The dynamic connection between the entorhinal-hippocampal structure and the prefrontal cortex is crucial for navigation. Based on these findings, this paper proposes a spatial navigation method based on the entorhinal-hippocampal-prefrontal information transmission circuit of the rat's brain, with the aim of endowing the mobile robot with strong spatial navigation capability. Using the hippocampal CA3-prefrontal spatial navigation model as a foundation, this paper constructed a dynamic self-organizing model with the hippocampal CA1 place cells as the basic unit to optimize the navigation path. The path information was then fed back to the impulse neural network via hippocampal CA3 place cells and prefrontal cortex action neurons, improving the convergence speed of the model and helping to establish long-term memory of navigation habits. To verify the validity of the method, two-dimensional simulation experiments and three-dimensional simulation robot experiments were designed in this paper. The experimental results showed that the method presented in this paper not only surpassed other algorithms in terms of navigation efficiency and convergence speed, but also exhibited good adaptability to dynamic navigation tasks. Furthermore, our method can be effectively applied to mobile robots.

For the increasing number of patients with depression, this paper proposes an artificial intelligence method to effectively identify depression through voice signals, with the aim of improving the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment. Firstly, a pre-training model called wav2vec 2.0 is fine-tuned to encode and contextualize the speech, thereby obtaining high-quality voice features. This model is applied to the publicly available dataset - the distress analysis interview corpus-wizard of OZ (DAIC-WOZ). The results demonstrate a precision rate of 93.96%, a recall rate of 94.87%, and an F1 score of 94.41% for the binary classification task of depression recognition, resulting in an overall classification accuracy of 96.48%. For the four-class classification task evaluating the severity of depression, the precision rates are all above 92.59%, the recall rates are all above 92.89%, the F1 scores are all above 93.12%, and the overall classification accuracy is 94.80%. The research findings indicate that the proposed method effectively enhances classification accuracy in scenarios with limited data, exhibiting strong performance in depression identification and severity evaluation. In the future, this method has the potential to serve as a valuable supportive tool for depression diagnosis.

This study aims to investigate the effect of Erchen Decoction(ECD) on liver mitochondrial function in mice with a high-fat diet and its possible mechanism. A total of sixty C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a normal group, high-fat group, ECD group, mTORC1 activator(MHY) group, ECD+MHY group, and polyene phosphatidyl choline(PPC) group, with 10 rats in each group. The normal group was given a normal diet, and the other groups were fed a high-fat diet for 20 weeks. At the 17th week, the ECD group and ECD+MHY group were given ECD(8.7 g·kg~(-1)) daily, and the PPC group was given PPC(0.18 g·kg~(-1)) daily, while the remaining groups were given normal saline(0.01 mL·g~(-1)) daily for four weeks. In the 19th week, the MHY group and ECD+MHY group were injected intraperitoneally with MHY(5 mg·kg~(-1)) every other day for two weeks. During the experiment, the general conditions of the mice were observed. The contents of triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol(TC) in serum were measured. Morphological changes in liver tissue were examined through HE and oil red O staining. The content of adenosine triphosphate(ATP) was determined using chemiluminescence, and mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed using a fluorescence probe(JC-1). Western blot was performed to detect the expression of rapamycin target protein complex 1(mTOR1), ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1(S6K), sterol regulatory element binding protein 1(SREBP1), and caveolin 1(CAV1). RESULTS:: revealed that compared with the normal group, the mice in the high-fat group exhibited significant increases in body weight and abdominal circumference(P&lt;0.01). Additionally, there were significant increases in TG and TC levels(P&lt;0.01). HE and oil red O staining showed that the boundaries of hepatic lobules were unclear; hepatocytes were enlarged, round, and irregularly arranged, with obvious lipid droplet deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration. The liver ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential decreased significantly(P&lt;0.01). The expression of p-mTOR, p-S6K, and n-SREBP1 increased significantly(P&lt;0.01), while the expression of CAV1 decreased significantly(P&lt;0.01). Compared with the high-fat group, the body weight and TG content of mice in the ECD group and PPC group decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05). Improvements were observed in hepatocyte morphology, lipid deposition, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Furthermore, there were significant increases in ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01). The expression of p-mTOR, p-S6K, and n-SREBP1 decreased significantly in the ECD group(P&lt;0.01), while CAV1 expression increased significantly(P&lt;0.01). However, the indices mentioned above did not show improvement in the MHY group. When the ECD+MHY group was compared with the MHY group, there were significant reductions in body weight and TG contents(P&lt;0.05). The morphological changes of hepatocytes, lipid deposition, and inflammatory cell infiltration were recovered. Moreover, there were significant increases in liver ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.05). The expression of p-mTOR, p-S6K, and n-SREBP1 decreased significantly(P&lt;0.01), while CAV1 expression increased significantly(P&lt;0.01). In conclusion, ECD can improve mitochondrial function by regulating the mTORC1/SREBP1/CAV1 pathway. This mechanism may be involved in the resolution of phlegm syndrome and the regulation of lipid metabolism.

Objective: To explore the relationship between hearing loss and cognitive function in the elderly population through propensity score matching method., Methods: We analyzed the data of 7605 participants aged 60 and above who were included in the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The non-substitutable 1∶1 nearest neighbor matching method without caliper value was used for propensity score matching and G-computation was used to estimate the average treatment effect (ATE) of hearing loss on all dimensions of cognitive function., Results: Before matching, there were 3626 (47.68%) women, with 1409 (18.53%) of whom suffering from hearing loss and 3031 (39.86%) of whom suffering from cognitive impairment. After matching, 1409 subjects were included in the hearing loss group and 1409, in the normal hearing group, with both groups sharing similar distribution of basic demographic characteristics. The results for the average treatment effect of the population indicated that the cognitive function scores of the hearing loss group were lower than those of the normal hearing group, with the overall cognitive function being 0.593 points lower (95% confidence intervel [ CI ]: －0.916-－0.257, P <0.001), orientation being 0.183 points lower (95% CI : －0.302-－0.055, P =0.004), immediate memory being 0.150 points lower (95% CI : －0.218-－0.085, P <0.001), and language skills being 0.178 points lower (95% CI : －0.303-－0.058, P =0.006). The prevalence of cognitive impairment of the hearing loss group was 4.2% higher than that of the normal hearing group (95% CI : 0.007-0.077, P =0.020)., Conclusion: Hearing loss adversely affects the orientation, memory, and language skills of the elderly population and forms a potential risk factor for cognitive impairment in the elderly population., Competing Interests: 利益冲突　所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突, (© 2024《四川大学学报（医学版）》编辑部 版权所有Copyright ©2024 Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).)

Objective: To estimate the status of complementary feeding among infants and young children aged 6-23 months in rural areas of Hunan Province. The association between infant and young child feeding indicators and child undernutrition were assessed., Methods: A total of 1220 infants and young children aged 6-23 months from 24 investigated places of 6 cities in Hunan Province were selected by multi-stage stratified sampling for physical measurement, hemoglobin(Hb) test and caregiver interview. Complementary diet was analyzed according to the World Health Organization&apos;s definition of infant and young child feeding indicators. Z-scores were used to elevate nutrition status. Logistic regression models were used to explore the influencing factors of the nutritional status., Results: The prevalence rates of underweight, stunting, wasting, overweight, obesity and anemia were 3.6%, 4.8%, 2.7%, 10.5%, 2.0% and 16.3%. The percentage of infants and young children aged 6-23 months in rural areas of Hunan Province who get minimum dietary diversity, minimum meal frequency, and minimum acceptable diet was 43.3%, 68.5% and 28.1%. None of the individual infant and young child feeding indicators showed significant association with undernutrition, except minimum meal frequency for obesity and anemia., Conclusion: The nutritional status of infants and young children in rural areas of Hunan Province has improved, but the anemia problem is still serious. Complementary feeding frequency is closely associated with anemia for infants and young children.

Objective: To explore the genetic basis for a child featuring global developmental disorder with epilepsy., Methods: A child who had presented at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center in July 2022 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data was collected. Potential variant was detected by whole exome sequencing (WES). Candidate variant was validated by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis., Results: The child, a three-year-old ethnic Zhuang Chinese girl, had presented with global developmental disorder and epilepsy, for which rehabilitation therapy was ineffective. Genetic testing revealed that she has harbored a homozygous c.821T>C (p.Leu274Pro) missense variant of the PIGW gene, for which both of her parents and sister were heterozygous carriers. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variant was classified as variant of uncertain significance., Conclusion: The homozygous c.821T>C (p.Leu274Pro) variant of the PIGW gene probably underlay the onset of disease in this child. Above finding has enriched the mutational spectrum of the PIGW gene.

In order to improve the teaching quality of engineering courses, we introduced a multi-dimensional teaching method into the teaching reform of biology majors in colleges based on the portfolio assessment in the curriculum of Cell Engineering. We reformed the knowledge system, teaching form and implementation scheme of this course. By combining the reform of online teaching, interactive teaching, case teaching and other teaching modes, the students mastered the relevant professional knowledge and the scientific and technological frontier of Cell Engineering. Moreover, their learning interest and enthusiasm, ability of analyzing and solving professional problems related to Cell Engineering also improved. The implementation of teaching reform of this course provides a reference for other similar professional courses in colleges.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, cytogenetics, molecular biology, treatment, and prognosis of patients with therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia (t-MDS/AML) secondary to malignancies. Methods: The clinical data of 86 patients with t-MDS/AML in West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2010 and April 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics, primary tumor types, and tumor-related therapies were analyzed. Results: The study enrolled a total of 86 patients with t-MDS/AML, including 67 patients with t-AML, including 1 patient with M(0), 6 with M(1), 27 with M(2), 9 with M(3), 12 with M(4), 10 with M(5), 1 with M(6), and 1 with M(7). Sixty-two patients could be genetically stratified, with a median overall survival (OS) of 36 (95% CI 22-52) months for 20 (29.9%) patients in the low-risk group and 6 (95% CI 3-9) months for 10 (14.9%) in the intermediate-risk group. The median OS time was 8 (95% CI 1-15) months in 32 (47.8%) patients in the high-risk group. For patients with non-acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and AML, the median OS of the low-risk group was 27 (95% CI 18-36) months, which was significantly longer than that of the non-low-risk group ( χ (2)=5.534, P =0.019). All 9 APL cases were treated according to the initial treatment, and the median OS was not reached, and the 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates were 100.0%, (75.0±6.2) %, and (75.0±6.2) % respectively. Of the 58 patients with non-APL t-AML (89.7%), 52 received chemotherapy, and 16 achieved complete remission (30.8%) after the first induction chemotherapy. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates of the non-APL t-AML group were (42.0 ± 6.6) %, (22.9±5.7) %, and (13.4±4.7) %, respectively. The median OS of patients who achieved remission was 24 (95% CI 18-30) months, and the median OS of those who did not achieve remission was 6 (95% CI 3-9) months ( χ (2)=10.170, P =0.001). Bone marrow CR was achieved in 7 (53.8%) of 13 patients treated with vineclar-containing chemotherapy, with a median OS of 12 (95% CI 9-15) months, which was not significantly different from that of vineclar-containing chemotherapy ( χ (2)=0.600, P =0.437). In 19 patients with t-MDS, the 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates were (46.8±11.6) %, (17.5±9.1) %, and (11.7±9.1) % with a median OS of 12 (95% CI 7-17) months, which was not significantly different from that in t-AML ( χ (2)=0.232, P =0.630) . Conclusions: Breast cancer, bowel cancer, and other primary tumors are common in patients with t-MDS/AML, which have a higher risk of adverse genetics. Patients with APL had a high induction remission rate and a good long-term prognosis, whereas patients without APL had a low remission rate and a poor long-term prognosis.

Objective: To compare the effect of acupuncture based on syndrome differentiation and estazolam in the treatment of chronic insomnia and its influence on cognitive function., Methods: A total of 90 patients with chronic insomnia were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a medication group, 45 cases in each group. The acupuncture group was treated with acupuncture at Sishencong (EX-HN 1) and bilateral Shenmen (HT 7), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) combined with compatibility of acupoints based on syndrome differentiation, once a day for 6 d and then rest for 1 d, for a total of 4 weeks. The medication group was treated with oral estazolam tablets before bedtime, 1 tablet each time, for a total of 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, the scores of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and auditory verbal memory test (AVMT) of the two groups were compared, and the effects were evaluated., Results: After treatment, the PSQI sub-item scores and total scores of the two groups were lower than those before treatment ( P <0.05 ), and above scores in the acupuncture group were lower than those in the medication group ( P <0.05 ); the scores of MMSE, MoCA and AVMT in the two groups were higher than those before treatment ( P <0.05 ), and the scores in the acupuncture group were higher than those in the medication group ( P <0.05 ). The total effective rate of the acupuncture group was 80.0% (36/45), which was higher than 53.3% (24/45) in the medication group ( P <0.05)., Conclusion: Syndrome differentiation acupuncture can improve the sleep quality and cognitive function of patients with chronic insomnia, and the curative effect is better than that of estazolam.

Objective: To examine the differences and commonalities of factors influencing the utilization of health services among urban and rural residents in Tibet and to identify vulnerable populations in the utilization of health services, thereby providing references for the formulation of local health policies and the allocation of health resources., Methods: Using the Tibetan area data from the Sixth National Health Service Survey, we conducted statistical analysis of the health service utilization status of 8 297 residents of agro-pastoral areas and 2 179 residents of urban areas with χ 2 test and logistic regression model., Results: The two-week outpatient visit rates of residents in agro-pastoral areas and that of the urban residents were 65.3% and 57.1%, respectively, and the one-year hospitalization rates were 8.3% and 8.9%, respectively. The influencing factors of two-week outpatient visits for rural and pastoral residents included urban and rural health insurance coverage, Three Guarantees in One coverage, distance to medical facilities, chronic disease status, physical examination, family doctor contract status, employment status, and health status self-assessment. The influencing factors of two-week outpatient visit for urban residents included chronic disease status, urban and rural medical insurance coverage, health status self-assessment, health records, and physical examination. The factors influencing hospitalization for agro-pastoral residents were sex, age, marital status, urban and rural medical insurance coverage, Three Guarantees in One coverage, critical illness insurance, health self-assessment, mobility, health records, physical examination, and chronic disease status. The factors influencing the hospitalization of urban residents were sex, marital status, health status self-assessment, health records, urban employee medical insurance coverage, and chronic disease status. The factors influencing the hospitalization of urban residents were sex, marital status, health status self-assessment, health records, urban employee medical insurance coverage, and chronic disease status., Conclusion: The urban and rural residents in Tibet have relatively poor health and their awareness of seeking early medical help after they fall ill is relatively weak. The health institutions concerned should dedicate more attention to the vulnerable populations who have difficulty accessing health services, focus on the commonly shared influencing factors of health service utilization among urban and rural residents, take into account the differences, rationally allocate health resources, and improve the effective utilization rate of health services among residents in Tibet., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).)

"Biochemical Engineering Experiment" is a compulsory curriculum for the concentrated practical teaching of biotechnology majors in Hunan University of Science and Engineering. It is also an experimental curriculum for improving the overall quality of bioengineering students under the context of "Emerging Engineering Education". The course includes comprehensive experiments and designable experiments, and the contents of which are designed by combining the local characteristic resources of Yongzhou, the research platform and the characteristics of the talents with engineering background. In the teaching practice, methods such as heuristic teaching, research cases-embedded teaching and interactive teaching are comprehensively used to boost students' interest in learning and stimulate their innovative thinking and application capability. Through curriculum examination and post-class investigation, it was found that the students' abilities of knowledge transfer and application were significantly improved, and they achieved excellent performances in discipline competitions and approved project proposals. The practice and continuous improvement of this course may facilitate fostering high-level innovative and application-oriented talents of biotechnology majors.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Erchen Decoction on iron homeostasis in mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its mechanism for regulating iron transport in spleen cells., Methods: Thirty male C57BL/6J mice were given a high-fat diet for 12 weeks and randomized ( n =6) at the 7th week for gavage (3 times a week) of drinking water (NAFLD model group), Erchen Decoction at low, medium and high doses (7.5, 15, and 30g/kg, respectively), or polyene phosphatidyl choline (PPC; 9.12 mg/kg), with another 6 mice with low-fat and low-sugar feeding as the control group. The active components of Erchen Decoction were determined by HPLC-MS. Lipid accumulation in the liver was evaluated by HE staining and Nile red staining. Prussian blue staining was used to observe iron content in the spleen. The iron ion content in the liver tissue was detected using a detection kit. The expressions of ferroportin1 (Fpn1), transferrin receptor (TfR), Steap3, HO-1, Ter-119, CD163 and CD68 were detected using Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining., Results: Medium- and high-dose Erchen Decoction partially reversed the increase of lipid accumulation in the liver of NAFLD mice and showed better lipid-lowering effect than PPC. The NAFLD mice showed significantly decreased iron ion content in the spleen with increased hepatic and serum iron contents ( P < 0.05), decreased TfR protein expression ( P < 0.05), and increased Fpn1 and Steap3 protein expressions ( P < 0.05), and these changes were significantly improved by the drug interventions. Erchen Decoction also improved the function of CD163 macrophages in the spleen of NAFLD mice by up-regulating the expression of HO-1 ( P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Erchen Decoction can alleviate high-fat diet-induced iron metabolism disorder by improving the iron ion transport ability of the spleen cells to delay the progression of NAFLD.

Objective: To explore and summarize the clinical characteristics and treatment of aggressive NK-cell leukemia (ANKL), and provide new insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease., Methods: The clinical data of 7 patients with ANKL admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College from March 2014 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and their clinical characteristics, laboratory and imaging results, treatment and outcomes were analyzed., Results: Among the 7 patients, 5 were males and 2 were females, with a median age of 47 (33-69) years old. The morphology of bone marrow cells in 7 patients showed similar large granular lymphocytes. Immunophenotyping revealed abnormal NK cells in 5 cases. By the end of follow-up, 6 cases died and 1 case survived, with a median survival time of 76.9 (4-347) days., Conclusion: ANKL is a rare disease with short course and poor prognosis. If combined with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS), the prognosis is even worse. There is no unified treatment method at present, and the use of PD-1 inhibitors may prolong the survival in some patients.

Objective To investigate the status of exclusive breastfeeding and bottle feeding in remote rural areas of Sichuan province and explore the relationship between negative emotions of mothers and feeding patterns of infants.Methods Multistage cluster sampling was employed to select the infants aged 0-6 months and their mothers in remote rural areas of Sichuan province.A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the demographic characteristics of mothers and infants and the basic family information.The Chinese version of Depression Anxiety Stress scale was used to evaluate mothers' negative emotions,and the Breastfeeding Self-efficacy scale to assess the confidence level of mothers' behavior of adhering to exclusive breastfeeding.Results Totally 723 pairs of infants and their mothers were included.The exclusive breastfeeding and bottle feeding rates were 34.16% (247/723) and 57.54% (416/723),respectively.Mothers with depression tendency were less likely to adopt exclusive breastfeeding ( OR =0.532,95% CI =0.291-0.974, P =0.041) and more likely to adopt bottle feeding ( OR =1.877,95% CI =1.054-3.344, P =0.033).Further subgroup analysis of breastfeeding self-efficacy showed that in the group of low self-efficacy,the mothers with depression tendency were less likely to adopt exclusive breastfeeding ( OR =0.461,95% CI =0.236-0.902, P =0.024) and more likely to adopt bottle feeding ( OR =1.968,95% CI =1.047-3.701, P =0.036) than the mothers without depression tendency.In the group of high self-efficacy,mothers' depression,anxiety,and stress tendency had no significant correlation with infant feeding patterns (all P >0.05).Conclusions The mothers in the remote rural areas of Sichuan province are more likely to employ bottle feeding than exclusive breastfeeding.The mothers with stronger depression tendency demonstrate lower possibility of exclusive breastfeeding and higher possibility of bottle feeding.Breastfeeding self-efficacy may affect the association between maternal depression and infant feeding patterns.

Objective: To investigate the repair method of type Ⅱc injury in the lateral meniscus popliteal tendon area based on the porcine knee joint., Methods: Eighteen commercially available fresh porcine knee joints were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =6). After preparing a type Ⅱc injury in the lateral meniscus popliteal tendon area, and the anterior (group A), posterior (group B), or anterior and posterior (group C) of the popliteal hiatus (PH) was sutured by vertical mattress. The tension meter was used to apply gradient tensions of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 N along the tibial plateau horizontally, respectively, to pull the midpoint of the lateral meniscus popliteal tendon area. The displacement values before modeling, after modeling, and after suture were recorded. The reduction value of lateral meniscus displacement and reduction rate after suture were calculated and compared between groups., Results: There was no significant difference between groups ( P >0.05) in the displacement values before modeling, after modeling, and after suture under different tensions. There was no significant difference between groups A and C ( P >0.05) in the reduction value of lateral meniscus displacement and reduction rate after suture under different tensions. The reduction value of lateral meniscus displacement and reduction rate after suture in group B were lower than those in groups A and C. The reduction value of lateral meniscus displacement under tension of 2 N and the reduction rates under tensions of 2, 4, and 6 N between groups A and B showed significant differences ( P <0.05). The reduction value of lateral meniscus displacement and the reduction rate under tensions of 2, 4, and 6 N between groups B and C showed significant differences ( P <0.05)., Conclusion: Suturing the anterior area of PH is the key to repairing type Ⅱc injury of lateral meniscus popliteal tendon area.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Wenyang Zhenshuai Granules(WYZSG) on autophagy and apoptosis of myocardial cells in rats with sepsis via regulating the expression of microRNA-132-3p(miR-132-3p)/uncoupling protein 2(UCP2). Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into modeling group(n=50) and sham operation group(n=10). The sepsis rat model was constructed by cecal ligation and perforation in the modeling group. The successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into WYZSG low-, medium-and high-dose groups, model group and positive control group. Rats in the sham operation group underwent opening and cecum division but without perforation and ligation. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of rat myocardial tissue. Myocardial cell apoptosis was detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL) assay. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) was performed to detect the expression of miR-132-3p and the mRNA expressions of UCP2, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ), Beclin-1 and caspase-3 in rat myocardial tissue. The protein expressions of UCP2, LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ, Beclin-1 and caspase-3 in myocardial tissue were detected by Western blot. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the regulatory relationship between miR-132-3p and UCP2. The myocardial fibers of sepsis model rats were disordered, and there were obvious inflammatory cell infiltration as well as myocardial cell edema and necrosis. With the increase of the WYZSG dose, the histopathological changes of myocardium were improved to varying degrees. Compared with the conditions in the sham operation group, the survival rate and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) of rats in the model group, positive control group and WYZSG low-, medium-and high-dose groups were decreased, and the myocardial injury score and apoptosis rate were increased. Compared with the model group, the positive control group and WYZSG low-, medium-and high-dose groups had elevated survival rate and LVEF, and lowered myocardial injury score and apoptosis rate. The expression of miR-132-3p and the mRNA and protein expressions of UCP2 in myocardial tissue in the model group, positive control group and WYZSG low-, medium-and high-dose groups were lower, while the mRNA and protein expressions of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ, Beclin-1 and caspase-3 were higher than those in the sham operation group. Compared with model group, the positive control group and the WYZSG low-, medium-and high-dose groups had an up-regulation in the expression of miR-132-3p and the mRNA and protein expressions of UCP2, while a down-regulation in the mRNA and protein expressions of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ, Beclin-1 and caspase-3. WYZSG inhibited excessive autophagy and apoptosis of myocardial cells in septic rats and improved myocardial injury, possibly by regulating the expression of miR-132-3p/UCP2.

Objective: To explore a simple and feasible method for the isolation and purification of hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells (HSC), and lymphocytes from mice. Methods: The cell suspension was obtained from male C57bl/6 mice by hepatic perfusion through the portal vein digestion method and then isolated and purified by discontinuous Percoll gradient centrifugation. Trypan blue exclusion was used to determine cell viability. Glycogen staining, cytokeratin 18, and transmission electron microscopy were used to identify hepatic cells. Immunofluorescence was used to detect α-smooth muscle actin combined with desmin in HSCs. Flow cytometry was used to analyze lymphocyte subsets in the liver. Results: After isolation and purification, about 2.7×10(7) hepatocytes, 5.7×10(5) HSCS, and 4.6×106 hepatic mononuclear cells were obtained from the liver of mice with a body weight of about 22g. The cell survival rate in each group was > 95%. Hepatocytes were apparent in glycogen deposited purple-red granules and cytokeratin 18. Electron microscopy showed that there were abundant organelles in hepatocytes and tight junctions between cells. HSC had expressed α-smooth muscle actin and desmin. Flow cytometry showed hepatic mononuclear cells, including lymphocyte subsets such as CD4, CD8, NKs, and NKTs. Conclusion: The hepatic perfusion through the portal vein digestion method can isolate multiple primary cells from the liver of mice at once and has the features of simplicity and efficiency.

Objective To investigate the effect of Echinococcus granulosus cyst fluid(EgCF) on the cytoskeletal rearrangement and phagocytosis and the migration of macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Methods Peritoneal macrophages of C57BL/6 mice were isolated and cultured in vitro, and divided into control group and LPS group and LPS combined with EgCF group. After 48 hours of treatment, filamentous actin (F-actin) changes were observed with rhodamine-labelled phalloidin staining and fluorescence microscopy; Transwell TM chamber was used to test cell migration ability and flow cytometry to test cell phagocytosis. After 1 hour of treatment, PI3K and AKT, phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT), Rac1, guanosine triphospho-Rac1 (GTP-Rac1), WASP and Arp2 protein expressions were detected with Western blot analysis. Results Compared with the control group, after LPS stimulation, macrophages were deformed significantly; pseudopodia increased; actin cytoskeleton increased and was more distributed in pseudopodia; the ability of migration and phagocytosis were significantly improved, and the expression of PI3K, p-AKT, GTP-Rac1, WASP and Arp2 proteins significantly increased. EgCF treatment caused cell shrinkage and disappearance of pseudopodia protrusions of LPS-activated cells, and led to the reduced phagocytic and migratory of cells; the protein expression of PI3K, p-AKT, GTP-Rac1, WASP and Arp2 decreased significantly compared with the LPS group. Conclusion LPS induces the migration and enhances phagocytosis of macrophages while EgCF inhibits these effects, which is related to actin cytoskeleton rearrangement.

Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease characterized by persistent airflow restriction. This study aims to explore whether there is endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in COPD mice and to explore the relationship between microRNA-21 (miR-21) and EndMT., Methods: We established the COPD and the miR-21 gene knockout COPD animal model (both cigarette smoke-induced). Mice were divided into 3 groups ( n =4): a control group, a COPD group, and a miR-21 knockout COPD (miR-21 - / - -COPD) group. Masson trichrome staining was used to observe the deposition of collagen around the perivascular. The relative protein levels and positions of endothelial cell markers including vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) as well as mesenchymal cell markers including α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and neural cadherin (N-cadherin) in lung tissues were observed by immunohistochemical staining., Results: Compared with the control group, the area of collagen fibril deposition was increased in the COPD group ( P <0.05), the expression levels of VE-cadherin, eNOS, and CD31 were all decreased (all P <0.05), and the expression levels of α-SMA and N-cadherin were increased (both P <0.05). Compared with the COPD group, the miR-21 - / - -COPD group had a reduced area of collagen fiber deposition ( P <0.05), the expression levels of VE-cadherin, eNOS, and CD31 were all increased (all P <0.05), and the expression levels of α-SMA and N-cadherin were decreased (both P <0.05)., Conclusions: There is a EndMT process in cigarette smoke-induced COPD animal models. MiR-21 gene knockdown could reduce collagen deposition area and inhibit the EndMT process in COPD mice.

Objective: To investigate the current situation and related factors of adults environmental health knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP)in four cities., Methods: From March to April 2021, 1252 permanent residents in Mianyang City, Ya&apos;an City in Sichuan Province, Suzhou City and Yangzhou City in Jiangsu Province were investigated on environmental health KAP by using a self-made electronic questionnaire. Analysis of variance, multiple linear regression and Person rank correlation were used to analyze the difference of public environmental KAP level, related factors, and the correlation of knowledge, attitude and behavior scores., Results: There were significant differences in the level of environmental health KAP among people in different cities(F=47.632, P&lt;0.001), age group(F=34.676, P&lt;0.001), education level(F=49.574, P&lt;0.001), BMI(F=4.560, P=0.003), total annual family income(F=27.977, P&lt;0.001), smoking status(t=11.121, P=0.001)and ways of ingesting environmental health knowledge(F=88.405, P&lt;0.001), and except BMI, other items were the related factors of environmental health KAP. The score of environmental health attitude was higher than that of behavior and knowledge(F=154.34, P&lt;0.001). The scores of knowledge and behavior, knowledge and attitude, attitude and behavior were correlated, and the correlation coefficients were 0.667, 0.414 and 0.450 respectively(P&lt;0.01)., Conclusion: The number of ways to acquire environmental health knowledge, total annual family income, education level, age and smoking status are all related factors of the adults environmental knowledge-attitude-practice level in four cities in 2021.

Sensorimotor disorder can be easily caused by stroke, and there are many targeted movement rehabilitation therapies. With the development of rehabilitation robot technology, robot-assisted therapy combined with mechanical perturbations has become a more effective motor rehabilitation therapy. In this paper, the definition of mechanical perturbation and its physiological mechanism in stroke rehabilitation are introduced, the research progress on mechanical perturbation in the field of stroke rehabilitation therapy is mainly discussed, the application of mechanical perturbation in motor control, postural response and sensory evaluation of stroke rehabilitation is summarized, and the future development direction of mechanical perturbation rehabilitation therapy is also prospected.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of daratumumab in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients. Methods: Fifty-two RRMM patients treated with daratumumab from September 2019 to November 2021 in West China Hospital were retrospectively enrolled, including 31 males and 21 females. The mean age of these patients at the first diagnosis of multiple myeloma was (58±10) years. According to the dosage of daratumumab, patients were divided into low dosage group ( n =10) and high dosage group ( n =42). Overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse event rates were investigated. Univariate and multivariate analysis of potential factors were conducted. Results: Of the 52 patients, 8 received daratumumab monotherapy, 27 received daratumumab plus immuno-modulatory drug (IMiD) treatment, 4 received daratumumab plus proteosome inhibitor (PI) treatment, and 11 received daratumumab plus dexamethasone treatment. The diagnosis age of high dosage group patients was (57±9) years, which was significantly younger than that of low dosage group [(66±10) years] ( P =0.009). The baseline creatinine level of high dosage group patients [ M ( Q 1 , Q 3 )] was 91 (68, 196) μmol/L, which was significantly higher than that of low dosage group [66 (51, 76) μmol/L] ( P =0.021). There was no significant difference in other baseline clinical characteristics, previous treatment regimens, previous lines of treatment, and regimen and cycles of daratumumab between the high dosage group and low dosage group (all P >0.05). The ORR for the 52 patients was 71.2% (37/52). The ORR for daratumumab plus IMiD group was 81.5% (22/27), which was significantly higher than that in monotherapy or dexamethasone group [ORR: 52.6% (10/19), P =0.036). With a median follow-up [ M ( Q 1 , Q 3 )] of 7 (5, 26) months, the median PFS for overall cohort was 17 (95% CI : 9.6-24.4) months. The median PFS for daratumumab plus IMiD group was 26 (95% CI : 6.0-46.0) months, which was significantly better than that in monotherapy or dexamethasone group [12 (95% CI : 3.5-20.5) months] ( HR =0.231, 95% CI : 0.075-0.715, P =0.011). Higher diagnosis age was the risk factor of progression ( HR =1.085, 95% CI : 1.016-1.158, P =0.014), while more cycles of daratumumab treatment was the protective factor of progression ( HR =0.669, 95% CI : 0.495-0.904, P =0.009). There was no significant influence of daratumumab dosage on progression (high dosage vs low dosage, HR =1.016, 95% CI : 0.221-4.668, P =0.984). The median OS for overall cohort was 26 (95% CI: 13.1-38.9) months. Higher serum calcium was the independent risk factor of death ( HR =12.190, 95% CI: 1.170-127.048, P =0.037). There was no significant influence of daratumumab dosage on death (high dosage vs low dosage, HR =0.818, 95% CI : 0.171-3.917, P =0.802). Adverse events included infections (43.2%, 16/37), infusion-associated reactions (29.7%, 11/37), and thrombocytopenia (27.0%, 10/37). Conclusions: Daratumumab is effective to treat RRMM. The dosage of daratumumab has no significant influence on prognosis when used in combined treatment. The incidence of adverse events is relatively low, with a favorable safety profile.

Objective: To establish a method for qualitative determination of dichloromethane (DCM) in blood by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and quantitative determination of DCM in blood by headspace gas chromatography (HS-GC), and to provide reliable support for forensic examination and analysis of poisoning or deaths caused by DCM., Methods: 0.5 mL blood sample was collected, added into headspace vial with chloroform as the internal standard, and processed by heating at 65 °C and evacuation treatment. The intermediate gas in the headspace vial was analyzed by GC-MS for qualitative validation of the method and by HS-GC for quantitative validation of the method. The method was then applied in forensic case analysis., Results: Qualitative validation of the examination method by GC-MS found that the chromatographic peak and mass spectral characteristic ions were specific in samples added with DCM, and that no interference was observed in the blank negative samples. The limit of detection (LOD) was 5 μg/mL. Quantitative method validation by HS-GC found that the chromatographic peak of DCM was well separated from those of eight other volatile compounds, with the resolution>1.5 in all cases; the lower limit of quantification (LOQ) was 20 μg/mL and good linearity was shown within the range of 20 and 1000 μg/mL, R >0.999; the intra-day test precision and inter-day test precision were good (relative standard deviation, or RSD <15% for both) and test accuracy was high (relative error, or δ <15%). With the method established in the study, DCM was detected successfully in the blood of two fatal cases caused by DCM poisoning, with the blood concentration being 470 μg/mL and 915 μg/mL, respectively., Conclusion: This method is shown to be a rapid, stable and accurate approach to the qualitative and quantitative forensic and toxicological analysis of DCM in blood in DCM poisoning cases or deaths caused by DCM., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).)

Objectives: Prediabetes is associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the exact mechanism of prediabetes-related brain diseases has not been fully elucidated. The brain structure of patients with prediabetes has been damaged to varying degrees, and these changes may affect the topological characteristics of large-scale brain networks. The structural covariance of connected gray matter has been demonstrated valuable in inferring large-scale structural brain networks. The alterations of gray matter structural covariance networks in prediabetes remain unclear. This study aims to examine the topological features and robustness of gray matter structural covariance networks in prediabetes., Methods: A total of 48 subjects were enrolled in this study, including 23 patients with prediabetes (the PD group) and 25 age-and sex-matched healthy controls (the Ctr group). All subjects' high-resolution 3D T 1 images of the brain were collected by a 3.0 Tesla MR machine. Mini-mental state examination was used to evaluate the cognitive status of each subject. We calculated the gray matter volume of 116 brain regions with automated anatomical labeling (AAL) template, and constructed gray matter structural covariance networks by thresholding interregional structural correlation matrices as well as graph theoretical analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) in conjunction with permutation testing was employed for testing the differences in network measures, which included small world parameter (Sigma), normalized clustering coefficient (Gamma), normalized path length (Lambda), global efficiency, characteristic path length, local efficiency, mean clustering coefficient, and network robustness parameters., Results: The network in both groups followed small-world characteristics, showing that Sigma was greater than 1, the Lambda was much higher than 1, and Gamma was close to 1. Compared with the Ctr group, the network of the PD group showed increased Sigma, Lambda, and Gamma across a range of network sparsity. The Gamma of the PD group was significantly higher than that in the Ctr group in the network sparsity range of 0.12-0.16, but there was no difference between the 2 groups (all P >0.05). The grey matter network showed an increased characteristic path length and a decreased global efficiency in the PD group, but AUC analysis showed that there was no significant difference between groups (all P >0.05). For the network separation measures, the local efficiency and mean clustering coefficient of the gray matter network in the PD group were significantly increased and AUC analysis also confirmed it ( P =0.001 and P =0.004, respectively). In addition, network robustness analysis showed that the grey matter network of the PD group was more vulnerable to random damage ( P =0.001)., Conclusions: The prediabetic gray matter network shows an increased average clustering coefficient and local efficiency, and is more vulnerable to random damage than the healthy control, suggesting that the topological characteristics of the prediabetes grey matter covariant network have changed (network separation enhanced and network robustness reduced), which may provide new insights into the brain damage relevant to the disease.

Objective: To explore the effect of continuous low-dose infusion of esmolamine on intraoperative dosage of opioids and awakening quality in general anesthesia in pediatric surgeries., Methods: A total of 100 children (6-8 years of age) undergoing pediatric surgery under general anesthesia were randomized equally into observation group and control group.In the observation group, the children received an intravenous injection of 0.1mg/kg esmolamine 10 min before induction of general anesthesia, followed by intravenous infusion of esmolamine at 2 μg•kg -1 •min -1 until the end of the operation; those in the control group were infused with the same volume of normal saline instead of esmolamine in the same manner.The dosage of remifentanil during operation, recovery time of spontaneous breathing, recovery time of consciousness and extubation time were recorded in all the cases.The VAS score at 15, 30 and 60 min after extubation were assessed, and intravenous injection of naborphine 0.3 mg/kg was given for a VAS score ≥4;the total dosage of naborphine and adverse events were recorded for all the patients., Results: The total dose of remifentanil was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group, but the spontaneous respiratory recovery time, consciousness recovery time and extubation time did not differ significantly between the two groups.The VAS scores at 15, 30 and 60 min after extubation were all better in the observation group than in the control group; the total intraoperative dose of naborphine was significantly lower in the observation group., Conclusion: Continuous infusion of low-dose esmolamine during pediatric surgery can effectively lower intraoperative dosage of opioids and reduce pain during recovery without affecting the quality of awakening.

Objective: To analyze the disease spectrums underlying orthostatic intolerance (OI) and sitting intolerance (SI) in Chinese children, and to understand the clinical empirical treatment options., Methods: The medical records including history, physical examination, laboratory examination, and imagological examination of children were retrospectively studied in Peking University First Hospital from 2012 to 2021. All the children who met the diagnostic criteria of OI and SI were enrolled in the study. The disease spectrums underlying OI and SI and treatment options during the last 10 years were analyzed., Results: A total of 2 110 cases of OI and SI patients were collected in the last 10 years, including 943 males (44.69%) and 1 167 females (55.31%) aged 4－18 years, with an average of (11.34±2.84) years. The overall case number was in an increasing trend over the year. In the OI spectrum, postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) accounted for 826 cases (39.15%), followed by vasovagal syncope (VVS) (634 cases, 30.05%). The highest proportion of SI spectrum was sitting tachycardia (STS) (8 cases, 0.38%), followed by sitting hypertension (SHT) (2 cases, 0.09%). The most common comorbidity of OI and SI was POTS coexisting with STS (36 cases, 1.71%). The highest proportion of treatment options was autonomic nerve function exercise (757 cases, 35.88%), followed by oral rehydration salts (ORS) (687 cases, 32.56%), metoprolol (307 cases, 14.55%), midodrine (142 cases, 6.73%), ORS plus metoprolol (138 cases, 6.54%), and ORS plus midodrine (79 cases, 3.74%). The patients with POTS coexisting with VVS were more likely to receive pharmacological intervention than the patients with POTS and the patients with VVS (41.95% vs. 30.51% vs . 28.08%, χ 2 = 20.319, P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference in the proportion of treatment options between the patients with POTS and the patients with VVS., Conclusion: POTS and VVS in children are the main underlying diseases of OI, while SI is a new disease discovered recently. The number of children with OI and SI showed an increasing trend. The main treatment methods are autonomic nerve function exercise and ORS. Children with VVS coexisting with POTS were more likely to take pharmacological treatments than those with VVS or POTS only.

Objective To analyze the personality traits and nutrition package feeding behaviors of infant caregivers in remote rural areas of Sichuan province and explore the relationship between them. Methods A multi-stage random cluster sampling method was employed to select the infants of 6-24 months old and their caregivers in the remote rural areas of Sichuan province.A structured questionnaire was designed to collect the basic characteristics of infants and their caregivers,as well as the feeding behaviors of the caregivers.The Ten-Item Personality Inventory in China was used to evaluate the caregivers' personality traits in five dimensions:extraversion,agreeableness,conscientiousness,emotional stability,and openness.Multivariate Logistic regression was adopted to analyze the relationship between personality traits and nutrition package feeding behaviors of infant caregivers. Results A total of 895 pairs of infants and their caregivers were investigated.The caregivers showed the average scores of 9.01±2.64,10.60±1.99,9.41±2.06,9.01±2.38,and 8.57±2.29 in the dimensions of extraversion,agreeableness,conscientiousness,emotional stability,and openness,respectively.The effective feeding rate of nutrition package was 53.3% (477/895).The results of regression analysis showed that under the premise of controlling for other factors,the caregiver's conscientious personality ( OR =1.08,95% CI =1.004-1.153, P =0.038) was the protective factor for the effective feeding of nutrition package. Conclusion The feeding behavior of infant caregivers in the remote rural areas of Sichuan province remains to be improved,and the caregivers with high conscientious personality are more likely to feed their infants effectively.

Autophagy is a regulatory mechanism that packages damaged organelles, proteins, and pathogens to form vesicles and transports to lysosomes for degradation, enabling the recycle of useful components. Therefore, autophagy plays an important role in biological growth regulation and homeostasis. In the past two decades, growing evidence has shown that microRNA (miRNA) is closely related to autophagy. MiRNA-21 promotes or inhibits autophagy via regulating relevant pathways for different downstream target genes, and plays a role in tumors, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and other diseases.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the role of hypoxia-induced long non-coding small nucleolar RNA host gene 14 (lncRNA SNHG14) in glioma temozolomide (TMZ) resistance and underlying mechanisms., Methods: According to different treatments, the experiment was divided into a normoxia group and a hypoxia group, a control group and a TMZ group. The lncRNA SNHG14 and O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) levels in glioma SNB19 and U251 cell line were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively, and the association of lncRNA SNHG14 level with hypoxia and TMZ treatment was analyzed. siRNA was used to knockdown the lncRNA SNHG14 expression in glioma cells, and the transfected glioma cells were divided into a negative control group (si-NC group) and a si-SNHG14 group. The interference efficiency was examined by real-time PCR, the key factor MGMT of lncRNA SNHG14 sensitivity regulation was detected by Western blotting, and the cell apoptosis was detected by cytometry. In addition, MTT method was used to detect the cell viability of gliomas in the different groups under the different TMZ concentrations, and the effect of lncRNA SNHG14 on TMZ sensitivity of gliomas was analyzed. Online tools were used to predict miRNAs that could specifically bind to lncRNAs SNHG14 and MGMT. A si-NC group, a si-SNHG14 group, a normoxia group and a hypoxia group were set up, and the changes of miR-143 abundance in different environments were observed by real-time PCR. miR-143 mimics and inhibitor were used to change the level of miR-143 in glioma cells. A NC inhibitor group, a miR-143 inhibitor group, a NC mimics group and a miR-143 mimics group were set up, the interference efficiency was detected by real-time PCR, the expression level of MGMT was detected by Western blotting, and the effect of miR-143 on the level of MGMT were analyzed. The NC inhibitor group, the miR-143 inhibitor group, the NC mimics group and the miR-143 mimics group were treated with different interventions, and the dual luciferase reporter assay was used to observe the changes of lncRNA SNHG14 and MGMT luciferase activities, and to verify the relationship among lncRNA SNHG14, miR-143 and MGMT. Finally, a NC group and a lncRNA SNHG14 overexpression group were set up, and the changes in the abundance of miR-143 and MGMT in each group were detected by RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation experiments, and the competitive binding relationship among lncRNA SNHG14, miR-143 and MGMT was analyzed., Results: Compared with the normoxia group, the hypoxia group could promote the expression of lncRNA SNHG14 in glioma cells. Compared with the control group, the expression of lncRNA SNHG14 could be significantly inhibited in the TMZ group ( P <0.05). Compared with the si-NC group, the expression of lncRNA SNHG14 in the si-SNHG14 group could be effectively inhibited, and the expression level of MGMT was significantly decreased, and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased (all P <0.05). With the increase of TMZ concentrations, the glioma cell viability in the si-SNHG14 group was significantly lower than that in the si-NC group, and the cell viability in the hypoxia group was significantly higher than that in the normoxia group (both P <0.05). Online tool prediction found that miR-143 had binding sites with lncRNA SNHG14 and MGMT. The abundance of miR-143 in the hypoxia group was significantly lower than that in the normoxic group, and the abundance of miR-143 in the si-SNHG14 group was significantly higher than that in the si-NC group (both P <0.05). The miR-143 mimics group or the miR-143 inhibitor group could significantly over-express or under-express miR-143 (both P <0.05). But there was no significant difference between the NC mimics group (or the NC inhibitor group) and the control group (both P >0.05). The level of MGMT protein could significantly up-regulate in the miR-143 inhibitor group, and on the contrary which could significantly down-regulate in the miR-143 mimics group (both P <0.01). The dual luciferase reporter assay showed that there was no significant difference between the NC mimics group (or the NC inhibitor group) and the control group (both P >0.05). The wild-type SNHG14 and MGMT luciferase activities were significantly down-regulated in the miR-143 mimics group, which were significantly up-regulated in the miR-143 inhibitor group ( P <0.01 and P <0.05, respectively), but there was no significant change in the luciferase activities of mutant SNHG14 and MGMT (both P >0.05). The results of the RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation experiment showed that: compared with the NC group, more lncRNA SNHG14 was bound to the precipitated argonaute 2 protein in the cells in the lncRNA SNHG14 overexpression group, but the abundance of MGMT mRNA was decreased significantly, and there were significant differences (both P <0.01). There was a targeting regulatory relationship among lncRNA SNHG14, miR-143 and MGMT., Conclusions: The up-regulated lncRNA SNHG14 can target miR-143, relieve the inhibition of miR-143 on MGMT, and promote the TMZ resistance in the hypoxia-induced glioma cells.

Objective: To explore the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Shuigou"(GV6) and "Baihui"(GV20) on autophagy of hippocampal neurons in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury rats., Methods: Forty-eight healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model and EA groups, with 16 rats in each group. The rat model of cerebral I/R injury was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO). Rats of the EA group received EA at GV26 and GV20 for 20 min, once daily for 5 days. The neurological function of rats in each group was evaluated by Longa neurological function score. The cerebral infarction volume was measured by TTC staining. The levels of IL-6, IL-18 and TNF-α in cerebrospinal fluid were detected by ELISA. Real-time PCR and Western blot were respectively used to detect the expressions of autophagy-related proteins AMPK, Beclin-1, VPS34 and LC3B., Results: Compared with the sham operation group, neurological function scores of rats in the model group were significantly increased ( P <0.01); the volume of cerebral infarction was significantly increased ( P <0.01); the contents of IL-6, IL-18 and TNF-α in cerebrospinal fluid were increased ( P <0.01, P <0.05); the mRNA expression levels of AMPK, Beclin-1, VPS34 and LC3B were significantly increased ( P <0.01); the protein expressions of AMPK, Beclin-1, VPS34 and the ratio of LC3B-Ⅱ/LC3B-Ⅰ were increased ( P <0.01, P <0.05). After intervention and in comparison with the model group, the neurological function scores were decreased ( P <0.05); the cerebral infarct volume were decreased ( P <0.05); the contents of IL-6, IL-18 and TNF-α in cerebrospinal fluid were decreased ( P <0.05); the mRNA expressions of AMPK, Beclin-1, VPS34 and LC3B were significantly decreased ( P <0.01); the protein expressions of AMPK, Beclin-1, VPS34 and the ratio of LC3B-Ⅱ/LC3B-Ⅰ were decreased ( P <0.05, P <0.01)., Conclusion: EA can improve the neurological function and alleviate the degree of nerve injury in rats with cerebral I/R injury, which may be related to inhibiting the autophagy level of hippocampal neurons.

Objective: To compare computed tomography (CT) measurement results of external deviation angle of patellar tendon and tibia tubercle-trochlea groove (TT-TG), as well as the diagnostic ability and pathology in recurrent patellar dislocation threshold., Methods: From January 2015 to March 2020, 46 patients with recurrent patella dislocation and 112 patients with non-patella dislocation were retrospectively analyzed. Forty-six patients with recurrent patella dislocation were divived into 2 groups according to TT-TG value, 11 patients with patellar dislocation with TT-TG≥20 mm(group A), including 7 males and 4 females, aged from 16 to 27 years old with an average of(21.00±3.98) years old; 35 patients with patellar dislocation with TT-TG<20 mm(group B), including 14 males and 21 females, aged from 16 to 37 years old with an average of(22.83±6.09) years old. While 112 patients with non-patella dislocation(group C) included 63 males and 49 females, aged 16 to 36 years old with an average of(22.87±5.69) years old. The measurement data of external deviation angle of patellar tendon and TT-TG value among three groups were compared. Spearman analysis was used to analyze correlation among them. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine repeatability within group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve was used to evaluate diagnostic ability of parameters, and calculate osteotomy parameters of external deviation angle of patellar tendon, as well as external deviation angle of patellar tendon and TT-TG value in the diagnosis of recurrent patella diagnostic parameters of dislocation., Results: External deviation angle of patellar tendon in group A, B and C was (22.04±3.09)°, (17.20±4.43)°and (10.22±3.45)° respectively;while TT-TG value was(21.15±0.71) mm, (15.97±2.69) mm and (11.12±3.77) mm, there were significance among three groups ( P <0.01), and had difference between group A and B( P <0.01). There was strong positive correlation between external deviation angle of patellar tendon and TT-TG value (r=0.735, P <0.000 1). The intra-group ICC value(0.980, 0.982) of external deviation angle of patellar tendon in group A and B have better repeatability than TT-TG value (0.594, 0.775). The external deviation angle of patellar tendon in group C(0.956) and repeatability of TT-TG value(0.906) was very good. In the diagnosis of recurrent patellar dislocation, the area under ROC curve of external deviation angle of patellar tendon (0.916) was greater than TT-TG value(0.886), and diagnostic parameters were 13.84°and 14.69 mm, respectively;in tibial osteotomy, the area under ROC curve of external deviation angle of patellar tendon was 0.821, and osteotomy parameter was 20.15°., Conclusion: CT imaging could reliably measure external deviation angle of patellar tendon.There is a strong positive correlation between external deviation angle of patellar tendon and value of TT-TG, which could be used to determine pathological state of recurrent patellar dislocation, and external deviation angle of patellar tendon is superior to the TT-TG value in the diagnosis of recurrent patellar dislocation. The external deviation angle of patellar tendon could also be used to guide the formulation of the tibial osteotomy plan for recurrent patellar dislocation.

Physiological studies reveal that rats rely on multiple spatial cells for spatial navigation and memory. In this paper, we investigated the firing mechanism of spatial cells within the entorhinal-hippocampal structure of the rat brain and proposed a spatial localization model for mobile robot. Its characteristics were as follows: on the basis of the information transmission model from grid cells to place cells, the neural network model of place cells interaction was introduced to obtain the place cell plate with a single-peaked excitatory activity package. Then the solution to the robot's position was achieved by establishing a transformation relationship between the position of the excitatory activity package on the place cell plate and the robot's position in the physical environment. In this paper, simulation experiments and physical experiments were designed to verify the model. The experimental results showed that compared with RatSLAM and the model of grid cells to place cells, the positioning performance of the model in this paper was more accurate, and the cumulative error in the long-time path integration process of the robot was also smaller. The research results of this paper lay a foundation for the robot navigation method that mimics the cognitive mechanism of rat brain.

Objective: To analyze the incidence characteristics of occupational diseases in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2020, provide scientific basis for formulating occupational disease prevention and control policies. Methods: In January 2021, based on the data of occupational diseases in Guangzhou reported in the Information Monitoring System of Occupational Diseases and Occupational Health, descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the types and characteristics of occupational diseases in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2020. Results: A total of 1341 cases of 38 kinds of occupational diseases in 9 categories were reported in the past 11 years. The incidence of occupational pneumoconiosis, occupational otolaryngology and oral diseases and occupational chemical poisoning ranked the top three, accounting for 38.1% (511/1341) , 30.5% (409/1341) and 16.2% (217/1341) of the total cases respectively. The cases of pneumoconiosis in welders and silicosis accounted for 47.7% (244/511) and 34.4% (176/511) of the cases of occupational pneumoconiosis respectively. The cases of noise deafness accounted for 99.8% (408/409) of occupational otorhinolaryngology oral diseases. Acute occupational chemical poisoning cases accounted for 26.7% (58/217) of the occupational chemical poisoning cases, in which dichloroethane poisoning cases ranked the first, accounting for 79.3% (46/58) . Chronic occupational chemical poisoning cases accounted for 73.3% (159/217) of the occupational poisoning cases, in which benzene and lead poisoning cases ranked the top two, accounting for 79.2% (126/159) and 17.6% (28/159) respectively. Conclusion: Pneumoconiosis, silicosis, noise deafness, benzene poisoning, lead poisoning, dichloroethane poisoning should be supervised and managed as key occupational diseases in Guangzhou.