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Aiming at the uncertainty of the source and load in micro energy grid, a robust optimal scheduling model considering multi-interval uncertainty set of source-load and integrated demand response is proposed. First, considering the uncertainty of wind power, photovoltaic output and electric, and thermal and cooling loads in the micro energy grid, a multi-interval uncertainty set of source-load is established. Then, in order to fully tap the potential of load side dispatching, an integrated demand response model is established, which includes reducible electric load, transferable electric load, flexible cooling, heating load, and replaceable load, based on which, the uncertainty of integrated demand response is considered. Afterwards, with the lowest dispatching cost of micro energy grid as the objective function, a two-stage robust optimal scheduling model of micro energy network is constructed, which considers the multi-interval uncertainty set of source load and the integrated demand response. The model is solved by the column and constraint generation algorithm, the strong duality theory, and the large M method. Finally, the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed model are verified through the analysis of numerical examples.

Immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors, may lead to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) while demonstrating favorable efficacy in patients with malignant tumors. Many domestic and international guidelines or consensus have been established to assist clinicians in effectively managing the majority of irAEs. However, further exploration about irAEs is required regarding the definition and determination, temporal patterns, individual variances, utilization of hormones and immunosuppressants, correlation between irAEs and therapeutic outcomes, immune reactivation, and special populations. The identification and management of severe, refractory, and multiple irAEs necessitate additional solutions. This paper aims to clarify 10 prominent issues concerning irAEs individually and provide assistance for clinicians.

Objective·To establish the early symptom network of adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients after transfer (post-ICU patients), identify the core symptoms and bridge symptoms, compare the symptom networks of two subgroups, i.e. mixed ICU and coronary care unit (CCU), and analyze the occurrence of symptoms.Methods·From December 2022 to August 2023, a total of 328 adult patients transferred to wards from mixed ICU and CCU of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were selected by convenience sampling. The general situation and clinical data questionnaire, and symptom questionnaires (including Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire, and Pain Numeric Rating Scale) were used. Based on Spearman correlation analysis and GLASSO algorithm, contemporaneous symptom network was built, and centrality indices and differences between subgroup symptom networks were computed. The edge accuracy and the stability of centrality indices of the network were tested.Results·A total of 302 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective rate was 92.1%. The results of the centrality indices computations showed that in the early symptom network of post-ICU patients, the highest strength was “feel cheerful” (rS=1.145), the highest closeness was “enjoy something” (rC=1.851×10-3), and the highest expected influence was “（fatigue） interferes with physical function” (rE=1.143). The top three highest bridge strengths of symptoms were “worrying thoughts” (rb=10.392), “enjoy something” (rb=10.359), and pain (rb=10.221). There were no significant differences in network structure (M=0.289) and overall connection strength (GSmixed ICU=13.876, GSCCU=13.838; S=0.039) of the early symptom networks between mixed ICU and CCU patients after being transferred to wards. When comparing the centrality indices, apart from the strength and expected influence of five symptoms showing statistically significant differences (all P

This work aims to study the in vitro antioxidant activity of selenium-enriched rape powder extract and its correlation with basic chemical components. The results showed that compared with regular rape powder extract, selenium-enriched rape powder extract contained more nitrogen compounds, polyphenols, flavonoids, total selenium and polysaccharide-bound selenium, and had higher Fe3+ reducing power, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation, and hydroxyl free radical scavenging activity. Correlation analysis showed that the antioxidant activity was positively correlated with nitrogen compounds, total sugar, polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, polysaccharides, total selenium, and polysaccharide-bound selenium. Partial correlation analysis showed that the antioxidant activity was only significantly or highly significantly positively correlated with polysaccharides and polysaccharide-bound selenium, which indicated that the difference in antioxidant activity between the two rape powder extracts may be mainly caused by the differences in polysaccharides and polysaccharide-bound selenium contents. In conclusion, there are differences in the basic chemical compositions of selenium-enriched and regular rape powder extracts, and selenium-enriched rape powder extract has a higher in vitro antioxidant activity. Polysaccharide-bound selenium was the major antioxidant component.

This is an article in the field of ceramics and composites. In order to improve the impermeability and microstructure of the impermeable wall materials, four kinds of calcium-based bentonite modified and filling material with different dosages were prepared under the action of alkali excitation reaction. The modified and filling material samples in the curing process were tested by flexible wall penetration (FWPT), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) scanning and electron microscope scanning (SEM). The results show that the permeability coefficient of filling material samples decreases first and then increases with the increase of bentonite content, and reaches a minimum value when the content of bentonite is 4%. The relaxation time (T2) distribution curves of the filled material specimens after curing from 1 to 28 d were all bimodal, with more than 80% of the peaks representing small pores, and the percentage of the peaks representing large pores decreasing with the increase of curing time. According to SEM images, it can be seen that a certain amount of calcium bentonite can promote the occurrence of hydration reaction, and the porosity of the material is significantly reduced. At 4% phosphate slag, the cementitious filler has the best compactness and better impermeability and strength. Accordingly, it can be determined that the better dosage of phosphate slag modified cementitious filler is 4%.

Hot-dip galvanizing is one of the most widely applied zinc coating techniques due to its excellent corrosion resistance and low cost.However， this technology still has shortcomings such as high energy consumption， limited size of the workpiece to be plated， and unsuitable for field plating. Therefore， in this paper， other zinc coating techniques that could be alternatives to hot-dip galvanizing were discussed， and the lifes to first maintenance and life cycle costs of these zinc coatings were compared. Results revealed that hot-dip galvanizing was irreplaceable for its advantages in performance and cost. Nevertheless， hot-dip galvanizing consumed a large amount of zinc ingots and energy during the life cycle， which directly or indirectly produced a large carbon footprint. So this technology might be restricted due to the national carbon neutral goal. Some practical applications of alternatives to hot-dip galvanizing were developed under carbon neutrality target. Finally， the most promising alternatives to hot-dip galvanizing under carbon neutrality target were prospected.

Thermally sprayed stainless steel coating is a commonly used additive repair coating. For comparing the influences of different processes on the coating performance, the 3Cr13 coating was prepared by flame spraying and arc spraying respectively. The particle state during the spraying processes and the coating performance were studied through the online monitoring of sprayed particles and the characterization of coating performance. Results showed that the flying speed of 3Cr13 particle under flame spraying was higher than that under arc spraying, but the temperature of sprayed particles under flame spraying was lower than that under arc spraying. Moreover, the flame sprayed 3Cr13 coating had a porosity of 10.5%, a microhardness of 505.9 HV and a surface roughness of Ra 11.7 μm, which were all higher than that of the arc sprayed coating. However, the tensile adhesive strength of the flame sprayed coating was lower than that of the arc sprayed coating. The self - corrosion potential and self - corrosion current density of flame sprayed coating were nearly equal to that of the arc sprayed coating. When the corrosion potential was in the range of -0.616～0 V, the corrosion resistance of flame sprayed coating was better than that of the arc sprayed coating. Subsequently, the characteristics of the two as - mentioned processes for repairing shaft parts were compared, which would provide a reference for the selection of process in industrial applications.

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique is widely used in industrial production, but the products of CVD technique are influenced by many parameters. To determine how the changes of the parameters influence the deposition quality, repeated experiments are needed to be carried out. By introducing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method into CVD realm for the numerical simulation of the CVD process, the overall research costs can be reduced and the efficiency of deposition can be improved effectively. In this paper, the conception of computational fluid dynamics was briefly introduced, and then the analysis methods of CFD simulation were described with the instance of ANSYS Fluent software. Finally, the applications of CFD method in the establishment of research models of CVD reactions, structural improvement of CVD reactors and optimization of CVD technique were reviewed respectively.

Objective To investigate the effect of propofol (Pro) on cardiomyocyte damage induced by anoxia-reoxygenation through regulating JNK/p38 MAPK pathway. Methods Divided the cells into control group, anoxia-reoxygenation (A/R) group, anoxia-reoxygenation+propofol of low, medium and high dose (A/R+Pro-L, A/R+Pro-M, A/R+Pro-H) group, anoxia-reoxygenation+propofol+p38 MAPK pathway inhibitor (A/R+Pro+SB203580) group. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis; Western blot was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway related proteins; ELISA was applied to detect LDH content, MDA content, SOD activity and CAT activity. Results In A/R group Bcl-2 protein expression SOD and CAT activity were significantly inhibited cell apoptosis rate, Bax protein, cleaved caspase-3 protein expression, LDH, MDA, p-JNK protein, p-p38 MAPK protein expression were promoted(P＜0.05). Compared with A/R group, A/R+Pro-L group, A/R+Pro-M group, A/R+Pro-H group all showed significantly promoted cell Bcl-2 protein expression, SOD, CAT activity; inhibition of cell apoptosis, Bax protein, cleaved caspase-3 protein, LDH, MDA, p-JNK protein and p-p38 MAPK protein(P＜0.05). Compared with the A/R+Pro group, the A/R+Pro+SB203580 group showed significantly promoted cell Bcl-2 protein expression, SOD, CAT activity and inhibited cell apoptosis, p-JNK protein, p-p38 MAPK protein, Bax protein, cleaved caspase-3 protein, LDH and MDA (P＜0.05). Conclusions Propofol may slow down anoxia-reoxygenation induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress through regulating the JNK/p38 MAPK pathway.

Small faults are an important factor that affects the safe and efficient mining of coal mines.In recent years, although great progress has been made in seismic wave identification methods for faults including small faults, it is still a difficult problem to identify small faults with a drop of less than 5 m in coalfield.Southern coalfields generally have complex topography and well-developed fault.In order to promote the seismic exploration of small faults in southern coal fields, this paper selects a typical southern coalfield—the Liupanshui coalfield in Guizhou Province as the study area.The coal-measure stratigraphic seismic physical model is established for seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation, from the seismic wave kinematics and dynamics.The angle identifies small faults with a drop of 5 m, 3 m, and 1 m at different depths.The research results show that it is difficult to identify small faults with a drop of 1 to 5 m by using seismic wave kinematics method because coal seam is in a low-velocity layer on the surface.However, the application of dynamic method to extract multiple seismic attributes for analysis can find that the amplitude attributes are more sensitive to the identification of small faults, and the resolution ability is strong.Through the seismic physical model test, under the condition of the seismic source frequency of 60 kHz, the small faults with a drop of less than 5 m were successfully explained, and the results are consistent with the actual small faults of the coal-measure strata seismic physical model.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of curcumin on neronal apoptosis, autophagy and neural renovation in cerebral cortex of mice after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods A total of 90 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: blank control group (N=12), sham group (N=26), TBI+NaCl group (N=26, NaCl was pretreated by intraperitoneal injection 30min after TBI) and TBI+ curcumin group (N=26,curcumin was pretreated by intraperitoneal injection 30 min after TBI). Propidium iodide (PI)-labeled cell-counting was used to study the cell protective effect of curcumin. Expression of apoptosis and autophagy related proteins B celllymphoma (Bcl-2),activated Caspase-3, P62, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (MAP1LC3-Ⅱ) were detected by Western Blotting. The lesion volume of cortex was tested by Cavalieri mothod. Results PI positive cells significantly increased 48h after TBI (t= 26.000, P=0.000; t=18.520, P=0.000), and reduced after curcumin injection (t=3.686, P=0.014); in cortex lesion area,expression level of apoptosis associated protein Bcl-2 decreased(t=5.656, P=0.000; t= 3.254, P =0.008; t =4.485, P =0.001; t =3.150, P =0.009), expression level of activated Caspase-3 increased (t=8.534, P=0.000; t=3.468, P=0.005; t=8.565, P=0.000; t=2.846, P=0.016), expression level of autophagy associated protein P62 decreased (t=3.574, P=0.004; t=7.612, P=0.000; t=3.465, P= 0.005; t=8.637, P=0.000),expression level of MAP1LC3-Ⅱ increased(t=7.101, P=0.000; t=7.656, P= 0.000; t=6.816, P=0.000; t=9.043, P=0.000),curcumin suppressed apoptotic activity by showing higher expression level of Bcl-2 (t=3.290, P=0.007),lower expression level of activited Caspase-3 (t=3.520, P= 0.005),lower expression level of P62 (t=3.595, P=0.004),and higher expression level of MAP1LC3-Ⅱ (t= 4.954, P=0.000). More tissue damage was seen 28d after TBI (t=34.813, P=0.000; t=11.172, P=0.000) but less tissue damage was seen in TBI+curcumin group (t=4.525, P=0.003). Conclusions Curcumin could inhibit neuronal apoptosis and enhance antophagic activity. Therefore,it may induce neuroprotection and promote nerual renovaion after fraumatic brain injury.

Storage and transportation are one of the primary restrictions on the approach involving hydrogen energy. The traditional hydrogen storage methods, including high-pressure gas cylinder and cryogenic liquid tank show unfavorable economy, thus hindering their further industrial application and development. Metal hydrides can reversibly react with hydrogen and accomplish the hydriding/dehydriding process under mild operation conditions, which feature advantages such as large hydrogen storage amount, low operation pressure and energy consumption. This process is expected to replace the conventional hydrogen storage and transportation. Meanwhile, considering the strong endothermal/exothermic effect during hydrogenation/dehydrogenation, the prompt heat removal/support inside the metal hydride reactor is a key parameter for H2 absorption/desorption rate and H2 storage efficiency. To improve the heat transfer and absorption/desorption rates of metal hydride reactor, comprehensive analysis and evaluation were conducted. Based on the heat and mass transfer intensification, a new elliptical spiral mini-tube bundle reactor (ESMBR) with high efficiency was designed and proposed; the reactor possesses numerous features, such as high heat transfer speed, compact structure, high reaction rate, and convenient operation. All the hydrogen storage reactor models were established, and both the model accuracy and effectiveness were experimentally validated. Numerical simulations of ESMBR, spiral mini-tube bundle reactor, and mini-tube bundle reactor were calculated and compared by COMSOL. ESMBR was proven to exhibit favorable heat and mass transfer performance during the H2 storage. Results of further analysis indicate that the sensitivity order of elliptical spiral structure parameters as follows: Dc > A > B > Pt > α. A multi-element valued model was used to evaluate the reactor schemes systematically, and the calculation results show the integrated superiority of ESMBR could achieve a value of 0.845. The comparison results indicate that the ESMBR presents an outstanding performance compared with other reactors and features a broad application prospect in the field of hydrogen energy.

Background and objective Coagulation and fibrinolysis biomarkers can effectively reflect the dysfunction of coagulation and anticoagulation system, and the changes of their levels were closely related to the hypercoagulable status. The aim of this study is to study the variation tendency of these coagulation and fibrinolysis markers and explore the diagnosis power and clinical value of these biomarker for thrombosis in postoperative lung cancer patients with deep vein catheterization. Methods We selected 118 postoperative lung cancer patients with deep vein catheterization including 29 patients with thromboembolism and 89 patients in control group. Coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters [thrombomodulin (TM)/thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT)/α2-plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complexes (PIC)/tissue plasminogen activator-inhibitor complexes (t-PAIC)] and traditional coagulation time[prothrombintime (PT)/activated partial thrombo plastin time(APTT)/thrombintime (TT)/fibrinogen (FIB)/antithrombin III (ATIII)/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP)/D-Dimer (D-D)] were detected in both groups. We analyzed the variation tendency of these biomarkers and figured out the diagnosis powerfor thrombosis. Results A statistically significant difference was available on the value of TM, TAT, PIC, t-PAIC, D-D, FDP between thrombosis group and non-thrombosis group (P

Serum uric acid (sUA), a natural antioxidant in human body, has been found to be related to the occurrence and development of various neurodegenerative diseases in recent years, including Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Increasing of sUA level has been found to reduce the incidence of PD and ALS, but the relationship between sUA and AD, MSA remains largely unknown. The in vitro studies and animal experiments revealed that sUA can enhance the antioxidant capacity of neurons and delay neurodegeneration and apoptosis. This paper mainly reviews the progress in epidemiological and basic studies of the relationship between sUA and neurodegenerative diseases in recent years, and aims to provide a reference for future novel prevention and treatment strategies for neurodegenerative diseases. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2018.03.010

In order to explore the water movement characteristics of ball valve and DN63 tee combined deformation variant, this paper uses Fluent software to numerically calculate the combined deformation variant based on the Realizable k-ε turbulence model, and analyzes the effect of valve opening, Reynolds number and splitting ratio on the comprehensive resistance coefficient of combined deformation variant. The results show that when the flow velocity and splitting ratio are certain, the opening degree of the ball valve has a significant effect on the comprehensive loss of the combined deformation parts, with the increase in the opening degree, the flow velocity gradient in the spool decreases, and the vortex area is formed before and after the valve decreases. After the Reynolds number is more than 1.8 x 105, it tends to be stable. The most important factor causing the integrated local loss of the combined deformation is the size of the valve opening, followed by the variation of the shunt ratio and Reynolds number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the effects of precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, runoff and groundwater in the water-receiving areas of Yintao First-stage Project, the water-receiving areas of Yintao First-stage Project in central Gansu Province are taken as study areas, remote sensing and WRF model are used to simulate precipitation and potential evapotranspiration in 2015, 2017 and 2020 and the variation of runoff of Taohe River Basin, Zuli River Basin and groundwater level in Dingxi City regarded as typical water-receiving areas are analyzed based on the actual observation data. The results show a trend of first decrease and then increase in potential evapotranspiration while the trend of increase in the mountainous areas and winter since Yintao First-stage Project was operated. The discharge of rivers in water-receiving areas has a significant increasing trend and the groundwater-level is constantly changing and generally rises by 1~2.5 m. Overall, the results of this study will provide basic data and methods for further research on the impact of the Yintao Project on water resources in arid areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was to study the immobilizing condition of inulosucrase. The enzymatic activity of inulosucrase as response value, the immobilizing conditions were optimized by single factor and response surface test. The results showed that optimal conditions of immobilization were as follows: Sodium alginate concentration 2.8%, calcium chloride concentration 3.8%, immobilization time 3.0 h, glutaric dialdehyde concentration 0.035% and cross-linking time 30 min. Using these conditions, the enzymatic activity of immobilized inulosucrase was 78.82 U/g. The experiment indicates that immobilized inulin sucrase has better thermal stability and pH value stability than free enzyme. After 10 cycles, the immobilized enzyme activity still maintained 61.15% of the original enzyme activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bed rest and long-term immobilization are common phenomena among patients in intensive care unit (ICU), which can increase the risk of ICU-acquired weakness and other complications. Early rehabilitation is helpful to improve the physical function of ICU patients, reduce the occurrence of delirium and other psychological problems, and improve their quality of life, which is of great significance to promote their early return to family or society. This paper reviews the current situation and influencing factors of early rehabilitation in ICU environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, the response of spring wheat production and water use efficiency (WUE) to the elevated CO2 concentrations was investigated based on the open-top chamber (OTC) experiment platform in Dingxi, a typical semi-arid area. Three different CO2 concentrations (390 µmol mol-1, 480 µmol ⋅ mol-1 and 570 µmol ⋅ mol-1 ) were involved. The results showed that the air temperature above plant canopy increased and the soil temperature at depth of 10 cm decreased by elevated CO2. The increased CO2 concentration substantially enhanced the total and each component biomass. The aboveground dry mass under the increased CO2 concentrations (480 and 570 µmol ⋅ mol-1) was increased by 20.6% and 41.5%, respectively, and the total dry mass was increased by 19.3% and 39.6%, respectively. The biomass enhacement was mainly due to the increases of dry mass of stems and leaves, which was strongly related to the material production capacity during the middle growth stage. The root/shoot ratio under the increased CO2 concentrations (480 and 570 µmol ⋅ mol--1) was decreased by 7.3% and 11.8%, respectively, indicating that the elevated CO2 affected the dry matter accumulation of aboveground more than that of belowground. The yields of spring wheat under the increased CO2 concentrations (480 and 570 µmol ⋅ mol-1) were higher than that of the control by 8.9% and 19.9%, respectively, mainly due to the increase of grains per spike. The long-term effect of elevated CO2 concentration on the photosynthesis of spring wheat was not obvious. The photosynthetic rate significantly increased, the transpiration rate decreased and the evapotranspiration reduced with the increases of Co2 concentration. WUE at the leaf, population, and yield levels increased under elevated CO2 concentration, with the increase range of WUE being the largest at the population level and the lowest at the yield level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A field infrared temperature-increasing simulation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of air temperature increases (0, 1 and 2 °C) on growth, development and yield of spring wheat at the Dingxi Arid Meteorology and Ecological Environment Experimental Station of the Institute of Arid Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration. The results showed that the growth period of spring wheat was shortened by 7–11 d when the temperature increased by 1–2 °C. The plant height and leaf area index increased at early growth stage, decreased after entering the jointing stage, and warming 2 °C had a higher effect than warming 1 °C. Warming treatment induced an obvious decrease in chlorophyll content, especially from late grain filling stage to milk ripe stage. Compared with the control, increasing temperature by 1–2 °C decreased the spring wheat yield by 25.4%–45.5%, mainly due to obvious decreases in number of grains and grain mass per panicle. Water consumption of 0–100 cm soil horizons increased with the increase of temperature, while the variation tendency of water consumption of 100–160 cm soil horizons was not obvious. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The expansion of principle diagram of secondary system of power plant and substation is very complex, and has lots logic description difficulties etc. The paper uses the screen rectangular coordinate system to describe precisely the principle of the expansion. It can accurately describe on the computer monitor, and then use the computer multimedia technology to carry on the dynamic description of the principle diagram of the expansion. By using Microsoft Speech SDK which is integrated TTS engine, the design uses the corresponding voice at the same time, and make complex logic be clear at a glance For the training of the second part in the power system, it provides a new way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the direct effect of family refuge chamber cabin's anti-seismic performance on the structural stability and safety of the trapped inside, transient dynamic analysis of the cabin was analyzed by ANSYS Workbench finite element software based on the trait of seismic load. According to the displacement nephogram of the cabin, the maximum displacement and its response time was analyzed which could verify if the cabin meet the need of design. Further the weak part of cabin was found and the suggestion for improvement was adopted. The cabin thickness and the stiffener sizes were chosen as variables. The quality, the maximum stress and the maximum total deformation were chosen as optimization objective. So the multi-objective optimization model was built. Finally the cabin was optimized by Pro/E and AWE cosimulation optimization and optimized structure was analyzed again by transient dynamic analysis. The analyzing results indicate that both the strength and stiffness of the optimized structure are improved effectively. The research is valuable and helpful for the rescue capsule design and the anti-impact ability evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the effect of combined aspirin and clopidogrel on unstable angina pectoris. Methods: 200 patients with unstable angina in our hospital were selected from July 2012 to June 2013. 88 patients were selected as control group and aspirin was used to treat with the patients on the basis of conventional therapy; and 112 cases in the observation group were treated with combined application of clopidogrel treatment based on the control group. Results: The score of the observation group was 3.87 ± 0.03, higher than that of the control group3.24 ± 0.05 (P< 0.05); In observation group, the duration and frequency were 3.18 ± 0.03 min and 1.39 ± 0.02 /d, respectively which were lower than those of the control group i.e. 3.62 ± 0.07 min and 2.81 ± 0.03 /d (P < 0.05); In observation group, plasma viscosity, hematocrit and erythrocyte were 0.78 ± 0.02 Paos, 0.33 ± 0.02 L/L and 7.13 ± 0.04, lower than those of the control group (P< 0.05); The results of the adverse reactions of the two groups were no significant difference (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The effect of combined aspirin and clopidogrel on treating unstable angina pectoris is favorable, which could further improve the index of hemorheology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important component of ground surface energy balance and water balance, and closely related to water cycle. By using eddy covariance technique, this paper studied the ET characteristics of agroecosystems in the semi-arid area of Loess Plateau in growth season (from April to September), 2010, and analyzed the relationships between crop coefficient and environmental factors. During the observation period, the diurnal variation of latent heat flux (LE) in each month was similar to single-peak curve, and the peak value (151. 4 W.m-2) occurred in August. The daytime energy partitioning manner showed a significant seasonal variation, with LE / Rn n(Rn was net radiation, and H was sensible heat flux) from April to June, and LE / Rn >H / Rn from July to September. The daily ET rate also showed a significant seasonal variation, with the maximum of 4. 69 mm.d-1. The wind speed (Ws), relative humidity (RH), soil water content (θ), and atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (D) were the major factors affecting the crop coefficient Kc which was exponentially decreased with increasing Ws, exponentially increased with increasing RH and θ, and linearly decreased with increasing D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking the Arachis hypogaea cv. 'Qinghua 7' as test material, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different cultivation modes on the leaf photosynthetic characteristics and yield of summer-sowing peanut after wheat harvest. As compared with conventional cultivation mode, high-yield protective cultivation mode promoted the leaf growth, significantly improved the leaf area index (LAI), and maintained a longer time of high LAI and chlorophyll content. Meanwhile, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate of functional leaves under high-yield protective cultivation mode were higher while the intercellular CO2 concentration was lower, which induced the photosynthetic efficiency of functional leaves being significantly improved. Therefore, under highyield protective cultivation mode, the yield per peanut plant was higher, the pod yield increased significantly, and the economic coefficient improved obviously. Both film mulching and straw returning could also improve the leaf photosynthesis of summer-sowing peanut, and increase the peanut yield. It was suggested that high-yield protective cultivation mode could effectively alleviate the adverse factors of summer-sowing peanut, such as the short growth period and lower productivity per plant, being a practical high-yield cultivation mode of summer-so-wing peanut. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the investigations of fish resources in Jingpo Lake and Wudalianchi Lakes in 2008-2011 and the historical data, this paper analyzed the characteristics of ichthyofauna and its community diversity in volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China. The ichthyofauna in the volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China was consisted of 64 native species, belonging to 47 genera, 16 families, and 9 orders, among which, one species was the second class National protected wild animal, four species were Chinese endemic species, and five species were Chinese vulnerable species. In the 64 recorded species, there were 44 species of Cypriniformes order and 37 species of Cyprinidae family dominated, respectively. The ichthyofauna in the volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China was formed by 7 fauna complexes, among which, the eastern plain fauna complex was dominant, the common species from the South and the North occupied 53.1%, and the northern endemic species took up 46.9%. The Shannon, Fisher-α, Pielou, Margalef, and Simpson indices of the ichthyofauna were 2.078, 4.536, 0.575, 3.723, and 0.269, respectively, and the abundance distribution pattern of native species accorded with lognormal model. The Bray-Curtis, Morisita-Horn, Ochiai, Sørensen, and Whittaker indices between the communities of ichthyofauna in the volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China and the Jingpo Lake were 0.820, 0.992, 0.870, 0.862 and 0.138, respectively, and those between the communities of ichthyofauna in the volcanic barrier lakes and the Wudalianchi Lakes were 0.210, 0.516, 0.838, 0.825, and 0.175, respectively. The ichthyofauna in volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China was characterized by the mutual infiltration between the South and the North, and the overlap and transition between the Palaeoarctic realm and the Oricetal realm. It was suggested that the ichthyofauna community species diversity in the volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China was higher, the species structure was more stable, but the species richness trended to decrease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The simulations and tests for initial disturbances of rocket are the key to analysis dynamic behaviors of Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS). The simulation system of launch dynamics for MLRS was developed using transfer matrix method of multi-body system and the theory of launch dynamics. The dynamical responses of multiple launch rocket and its motion patterns within the barrel were simulated. Test system for initial disturbances using new optical lever was developed, and the initial disturbances of big caliber rocket were firstly tested in China. The simulations and test results are in good agreement, which validates the correctness of the theory, simulation, test and measurement techniques. The key technology to improve firing dispersion of MLRS by controlling initial disturbances is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes the investigation of the physical parameter identification problem of multibody system. Combining Transfer Matrix Method of Mulibody System (MS-TMM) and the optimization technology based on Genetic Algorithms (GA), a new physical parameter identification method (MS-TMM&GA) is introduced. The dynamic model is developed, and natural vibration of multibody system is analyzed by MS-TMM. The identification problem is exchanged for an optimization problem which is formulated as a global minimum solution of the objective function defined by parameters of natural frequency and augmented eigenvectors of multibody system. And the physical parameters are identified. The computational steps and the flow chart of physical parameter identification based on system modal parameters are presented. Two numerical examples are computed and discussed, which illustrate the feasibility and affectivity of the proposed approach. The proposed method (TMM-GA) combines and extends transfer matrix method of multibody system and genetic algorithm, with the advantages that the global dynamic equations of the complex multibody system are not needed and the orders of involved system matrices are decreased greatly, the high precision and efficiently searching optimal results can be obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reduce the influences of vibration of launch tube on launching rocket at its initial disturbance stage in Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) were studied in the paper. In practical engineering there are noises during vibration control of MLRS. The dynamical model of MLRS based on transfer matrix of multi-body system was built. In independent modal space, H2 optimal controller is designed to control vibration of launch tube of MLRS. Numerical simulations of dynamical response of MLRS under Control have been carried Out. PD controller is contrasted with H2 optimal one. The numerical results indicate that H2 optimal controller enables the system to have good transient state and stable state performance, thus better resistance to disturbance. It can effectively curb the noise interference, strengthen the system robust performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studied the diurnal and seasonal characteristics of sensible and latent heat fluxes over a temperate desert steppe ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, based on the 2008 observation data from eddy covariance tower. The diurnal patterns of sensible and latent heat fluxes over the ecosystem were both single kurtosis, with the maximum value being 319.01 W · m-2 (on May 30th, 2008) and 425.37 W · m-2 (on Jun 2nd, 2008), respectively, and occurred at about 12:00-13:30 (local time), which was similar to the diurnal pattern of net radiation but lagged about one hour of the maximum net radiation. The maximum diurnal variations of monthly mean sensible and latent heat fluxes occurred in May and June, and their minimum diurnal variations occurred in January and November, respectively. There was a closer relationship between soil moisture content and precipitation. Surface soil moisture content was most sensitive to precipitation, while the moisture content in deeper soil layers had a lagged response to precipitation. The seasonal dynamics of sensible and latent heat fluxes was similar to that of net radiation, and affected by precipitation. Sensible heat flux was obviously affected by net radiation, but latent heat flux was more sensitive to precipitation and mainly controlled by soil moisture content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the meteorological and biological observation data from the temperate desert steppe ecosystem research station in Sunitezuoqi of Inner Mongolia during growth season (from May 1st to October 15th, 2008), the diurnal and seasonal characteristics of surface albedo in the steppe were analyzed, with related model constructed. In the steppe, the diurnal variation of surface albedo was mainly affected by solar altitude, being higher just after sunrise and before sunset and lower in midday. During growth season, the surface albedo was from 0.20 to 0.34, with an average of 0.25, and was higher in May, decreased in June, kept relatively stable from July to September, and increased in October. This seasonal variation was related to the phenology of canopy leaf, and affected by precipitation process. Soil water content (SWC) and leaf area index (LAI) were the key factors affecting the surface albedo. A model for the surface albedo responding to SWC and LAI was developed, which showed a good performance in consistent between simulated and observed surface albedo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamic model of multibody system was developed for the damping system of strapdown inertial navigation. The transfer equations and transfer matrices of the damping system were derived, and the overall transfer equation, the overall transfer matrix and the power spectrum density of the system response were obtained by Transfer Matrix Method of multibody system. The general method for vibration analysis and the proposed method were respectively used to obtain the dynamic responses of the damping system with random input. The feasibility and effectiveness of this method was verified by the simulation results. The method had numerous advantages of modeling flexibility and higher computational speed without developing global dynamics equations. Compared with other dynamic methods, the method was more beneficial to analysis for laser gyro strapdown inertial navigation system, and a new method has been provided for designing the damping system of strapdown inertial navigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By building the general analysis method for chain multibody system with feedback control and constructing the corresponding Control Component, the Discrete Time Transfer Matrix Method for Controlled Multibody System (CMS-DT-TMM) is developed. When using this method to study controlled multibody system dynamics, the global dynamics equations will not be required. With the advantages of modeling flexibility and higher computational speed, the proposed method is more efficient in dynamic design and real-time control for the complex controlled multibody system than other methods of the multibody systems dynamics. Using a combined scheme of PD feedback and command voltages applied to PZT actuators, which are bonded to the surface of the flexible link, and basing on the proposed method, the corresponding transfer matrixes of flexible one-link manipulator system is developed, and the trajectory tracking and active vibration control are achieved. Numerical simulation is given to validate the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Faults are an important factor inducing mine safety accidents, and it poses difficulties on the identification of faults within 5 m of drop.Taking the Liupanshui coalfield of Guizhou province as the study area, this paper investigated the coalfield strata and carried out an on-site survey.It proposed a seismic physical model and used the unique velocity ratio of 1∶1.74 to realize the construction and analysis of small faults with a burial depth of 800 m, 1 000 m and 1 200 m and a drop of 5 m, 3 m and 1 m.This paper extracted a variety of seismic properties by seismic dynamics method to analyze small faults, and obtained the sensitivity of seven seismic properties to the characteristic response of small faults, including amplitude envelope, amplitude first derivative, and amplitude second derivative, and the correlation between seismic properties and drop was established accordingly.The results show that when the small fault drop of the coal seam is less than or equal to 5 m, there is a linear relationship with the traditional amplitude attributes, and a linear relationship with the seismic properties related to phase and frequency.There is high correlation between the amplitude envelope and the amplitude imaginary part, and low correlation between the instantaneous frequency, the amplitude first derivative, the cosine instantaneous phase, the amplitude second derivative and the amplitude envelope.

The green, clean and efficient utilization of coal is an important way for the sustainable development of coal industry. Shaanxi province is rich in coal resources, which are mainly distributed in the five coal fields in the north of Shaanxi province, and the oil-rich coal resources rank first in China. In this paper, the distribution characteristics of oil-rich coal in Shaanxi Province and the geological factors affecting the tar yield of coal are discussed by collecting the previous geological exploration data and the coal core of a coal mine in Yushen mining area of northern Shaanxi Province. The results show that the Jurassic coal field in northern Shaanxi is the best oil-rich coal in Shaanxi Province, and the tar yield is distributed in the range of 7.6%-15.3%. Material composition, oil generation potential, thermal evolution degree and coal-forming environment control the size and distribution of tar yield in coal. The desmocollinite content, volatile matter content, H element content and H/C atomic ratio were positively correlated with the tar yield of coal, and the correlation coefficient was high. There is a high correlation between the hydrocarbon index and tar yield in rock pyrolysis parameters, which can be used as an index to quickly identify tar yield in coal. The tar yield of coal increases first and then decreases with the increase of thermal evolution degree, and reaches the maximum value when Ro is about 0.9%. The higher the coal tar yield value is in the peat swamp facies with micro-flow, strong reduction and shallow overlying water-micro-flow in sedimentary environment. The research results provide reference for geological prediction of oil-rich coal.

BACKGROUND The Xiaobaishitou W-(Mo) deposit is located in the Central Tianshan Massif of the Eastern Tianshan, Northwestern China. The deposit is a skarn-type tungsten-molybdenum deposit formed by biotite granite and granodiorite intruding into the Mesoproterozoic Kawabulag Group. As one of the most important ore minerals, molybdenite is distributed in granodiorite, biotite granite, skarn and quartz veins. OBJECTIVES To use molybdenite in order to constrain the mineralization age of the Xiaobaishitou W-(Mo) deposit by Re-Os dating. METHODS Different molybdenite grains associated with the granodiorite from the Xiaobaishitou W-(Mo) deposit were selected for Re-Os isotopic dating. The results were compared with the Xiaobaishitou biotite granite age and the chronological data of other Triassic tungsten-molybdenum deposits in the Eastern Tianshan. RESULTS The molybdenite Re-Os weighted average model age and Re-Os isochron age are 245.0±1.7Ma and 245.5±4.3Ma, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The dating results indicate that the molybdenite age for mineralization and the emplacement age of the granodiorite are around 245Ma, which is similar to the age of the Xiaobaishitou biotite granite. It provides a key basis for the establishment of an ore deposit model and the determination of the direction for ore prospecting. It also provides important chronological evidence for the ore-forming laws in the eastern Tianshan, and points out that there is a great prospecting potential for a Triassic tungsten and molybdenum metallogenic belt in the eastern Tianshan-Beishan of Gansu.

The Tuosibasitao Fe-Cu-Au mineral deposit mainly occurs in the contact zone between the diorite porphyrite and basaltic volcanic rock of Middle Devonian Beitashan Formation in the forms of massives, heterogeneous gobbets, veinlets, breccia and veinlet-disseminated. The ore bodies in the ore deposit occur as stratoids or lenses, surrounded by skarn. The major and trace elements in magnetite, and chemical components in garnet, chinopyoxene and epidote from Tuosibasitao deposit were studied by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Electron microprobe analyse. The results demonstrate that the end member of garnet is mainly grossularite and andradite. The composition of pyroxene was mainly diopside, with a small amount of augite. The epidote was enriched in Fe and Ca. The composition of these skarn minerals suggest that skarn in Tuosibasitao ore deposit is calcic skarn. In combination with the geological characteristics, it is possible that the skarns are formed by hydrothermal interaction with metamorphic volcanic, and the formation of magnetite is related to the retrogressive metamorphism of the skarn. Copper and gold mineralization occurred during the quartz-sulphide- carbonate period.

The large iron deposits in the southern margin of Altay had been studied systematically, but researches on some small Fe-rich type such as Kuerqis iron deposit are still obviously insufficient. In this paper, a study of the chronology and genetic mechanism to supply basic information for regional metallogeny and mineral assessment is documented. The Kuerqis iron deposit is located in the Erqis tectonic belt in the southern margin of Altay. The field investigation suggests that the deposit is dominantly related to hydrothermal activity of granitic porphyry besides the volcanic sedimentary genesis, meanwhile the iron deposit was destroyed by monzonitic granite. The ages of two granite intrusions in the deposit area and S isotope composition of pyrites in ore were determined by Laser Ablation-Multicollector Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) and MAT 251 EM Mass Spectrograph. The 206Pb/238U ages of 18 data points of zircons in granitic porphyry concentrated on the concordia line range from 273 Ma to 282.6 Ma and the weighted average age is (278.7±0.94) Ma with MSDW=1.6. The 206Pb/238U ages of 12 data points of zircons in monzonitic granite concentrated on the concordia line range from 271.8 Ma to 276.8 Ma and the weighted average age is (274.1±1.1) Ma with MSDW=0.47. δ34S in pyrites varies from -7.2‰ to 0.7‰ and most are negative and near 0. The characteristic of δ34S perhaps reflects the significant exchange of S isotope between magma from deep source and wall-rocks or the earlier sedimentary iron deposit during ascending magma. The mineralization prominently occurred in the hydrothermal period of granitic porphyry. Combined with former studies, it suggested that two granite intrusions in the deposit area intruded in a plate extension environment during the early-Permian when granite intrusions developed widely in the southern margin of Altay. Moreover, the extensive mineralization of iron and other elements perhaps occurred in this granitic event.

To determine the low-carbon development path of Ordos, three scenarios （baseline scenario, low carbon scenario, and enhanced low carbon scenario） were constructed based on the LEAP model to forecast the energy demand and carbon emission in Ordos from 2020 to 2050 and to analyze the contribution of various policy initiatives to reduce carbon emission. The results showed that under the enhanced low carbon scenario, the energy demand in Ordos peaked at 52 million tons of standard coal equivalent in 2025 and decreased to 40 million tons of standard coal equivalent in 2050, and carbon emissions peaked at 163 million tons in 2025 and decreased to 16 million tons in 2050, which was 88% lower than that in 2020. Regarding emission reduction contribution, comparing the baseline scenario and the enhanced low-carbon scenario, the increase in renewable energy power generation installation, the reduction in energy consumption of terminal energy use, and the increase in terminal electrification rate contributed to the emission reductions of 43%, 25%, and 24%, respectively. The Ordos should vigorously develop renewable energy and make full use of the rich endowment of wind and light resources； at the same time, it should promote economic transformation and gradually increase the proportion of high-value-added and low-energy-consuming industries in the industrial structure. For the power sector, the power generation structure should be adjusted. Traditional thermal power generation should be replaced by zero-carbon and low-carbon power generation technologies. For the industrial and transportation sectors, the terminal electrification rate should be increased, and the energy intensity should be reduced.

Objective: To prospectively compare the clinical efficacy and radiographic outcomes between interlaminar percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression(IL-PELD) and transforaminar percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression(TF-PELD) in the treatment of single-segment lumbar lateral recess stenosis., Methods: From April 2018 to July 2021, 85 patients with single-segment lumbar lateral recess stenosis underment percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression.There were 44 males and 41 females, aged from 49 to 81 years old with an average of (65.5±8.3) years old, duration of lumbar lateral recess stenosis ranging from 3 to 83 months with an average of (26.7±16.5) months. They were divided into IL-PELD group and TF-PELD group according to the different operation methods. There were 47 patients in the IL-PELD group, including 28 males and 19 females aged from 50 to 80 yeaes old with an average age was (66.7±9.3) years old. The disease duration ranged from 3 to 65 months with an average of (25.7±15.0) months. There were 38 patients in the TF-PELD group, including 16 males and 22 females, aged from 51 to 78 years old with an average of(64.1±7.6) years old. The disease duration ranged from 4 to 73 months with an average of (27.9±18.3) months The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative fluoroscopy, hospitalization day and complications of the two groups were recorded. Visual analogue scale (VAS) to evaluate low back pain and lower limb pain, Oswestry disability index(ODI) to evaluate lumbar function in preoperative and postoperative period(1month, 6 months and last follow-up)were recorded. the sagittal diameter of the lateral recess of the responsible intervertebral space in preoperative and 1 week after the operation were recorded., Results: The operation was successfully completed in both groups without serious complications such as vascular injury, dural sac tear and nerve injury. The operation time in IL-PED group(69.3±19.3)min was significantly longer than that in TF-PELD group(57.5±14.5)min ( P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the intraoperative blood loss between the two groups ( P >0.05). The number of intraoperative fluoroscopy in TF-PELD group (8.8±2.6)times was significantly higher than that in IL-PED group(4.8±1.2)times ( P <0.05). The hospitalization days of the two groups were not statistically significant ( P >0.05). VAS for low back and lower extremity pain and ODI were (5.1±2.2), (6.9±1.3) scores and (71.4±12.6) % in IL-PELD group, and (4.7±1.8), (6.9±1.3) scores and (68.4±13.9)% in TF-PELD group. In the IL-PELD group, the VAS of low back pain was (2.4±1.5), (1.6±0.8), (1.4±0.9) scores, and the VAS of lower extremity pain was (3.0±1.2), (1.6±0.7), (1.5±1.0) scores, ODI was (32.6±11.9) %, (17.4±6.5) %, (19.3±9.3)%;In TF-PELD group, the VAS of low back pain was (2.6±1.4), (1.5±0.6), (1.4±1.0) scores, and the VAS of lower extremity pain was (2.8±1.2), (1.6±0.6), (1.5±1.2) scores, The ODI was (32.0±11.2) %, (15.0±6.1) %, and (20.0±11.3) %. The VAS and ODI of the two groups at each time point after operation were significantly improved compared with those before operation ( P <0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups ( P >0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in the interaction between different time points and groups ( P >0.05). At 1 week after operation, the sagittal diameter of lateral recess in both groups was significantly increased compared with that before operation ( P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups at each time point ( P >0.05). According to the modified Macnab criteria, IL-PELD group was rated as excellent in 24 cases, good in 19 cases and fair in 4 cases. In TF-PELD group the results were excellent in 19 cases, good in 15 cases, fair in 3 cases and poor in 1 case. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P >0.05)., Conclusion: IL-PELD and TF-PELD can expand the lateral recess in the treatment of single level lumbar lateral recess stenosis, and have achieved good clinical effects.