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Objective To find any differentially expressed circRNAs in oral leukoplakia (OLK) and oral lichen planus (OLP), to investigate the possible role of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of these two diseases. Methods This study obtained hospital ethical approval. High-throughput sequencing was used to detect differentially expressed circRNAs in OLK, OLP, oral squamous cell carcinoma and normal oral mucosal tissues. CircRNAs were verified by qRT-PCR, enzyme tolerance assays and Sanger sequencing. GO functional analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed to predict the functions of circRNAs in OLP. TargetScan and miRanda were applied to predict targeted miRNAs and mRNAs of circRNAs, and ceRNA networks were mapped. Results A total of 49 circRNAs were differentially expressed in OLK and OLP together, including 30 upregulated and 19 downregulated circRNAs. The five circRNAs confirmed with RT-qPCR, including circHLA-C, circRNF13, circTTN, circSEPN2 and circALDH3A2, were all abnormally expressed in OLK and OLP, among which circHLA-C was a key circRNA with trans splice sites, which was validated by expanding the sample size. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the circHLA-C curve for predicting OLK was 0.955, and the area under the circHLA-C curve for predicting OLP was 0.988. GO functional analysis showed enrichment of many biological processes related to the immune process. The KEGG pathway with the highest enrichment score was "Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity". HLA-C was significantly enriched in these processes/pathways. CeRNA network analysis showed that circHLA-C interacted with a variety of miRNAs, such as hsa-miR-26a-5p, hsa-miR-129-5p, and hsa-miR-29a-3p. Conclusion Many circRNAs were differentially expressed in both OLK and OLP, circHLA-C being the most elevated. CircHLA-C is valuable for the early diagnosis of OLK and OLP and may serve as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of OLK and OLP.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most abundant RNA modification in eukaryotes and is widely involved in the regulation of RNA nuclear export, splicing, translation and degradation. Increasing evidence shows that m6A methylation modification of circular RNA (circRNA) has great potential in metabolism, immunity and benign and malignant diseases. Here, we review the research status of circRNA m6A methylation modification in physiological processes, malignant tumors and oral diseases. It has been shown that m6A methylation can regulate circRNA by regulating circRNA translation, promoting circRNA nuclear output, and promoting circRNA degradation; M6A-modified circRNA plays a regulatory role in immunity, the reproductive system, myogenesis and development, and malignant tumors; and the M6A methyltransferase METTL3 promotes the occurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) through m6A modification mediated by YTHDF1. The high expression of METTL14 can effectively reduce the proliferation, migration and invasion of OSCC. There is little research on circRNA m6A methylation modification in the oral cavity, which is limited to preliminary research in ameloblastoma and oral implant bone absorption. It has broad research prospects in the treatment of major oral diseases (such as potential oral malignant diseases and OSCC).

This study focused on correcting short-term wind speed forecasts extracted from GFS global forecast data sets at corresponding locations and heights. Data measurement mode and calibration method of the LiDAR data were discussed, and wind speed at three different heights (50m, 80m, and 100m) from floating LiDARs were employed. The results indicated that directly using the Kalman filter method with sliding adaptive weights to generate the average hysteresis deviation to correct the wind speed did not yield satisfactory results. Statistical analysis suggested that better standard deviation results can be obtained by lowering the ratio of the average hysteresis deviation in the forecast correction formula. When the average hysteresis deviation ratio was reduced to 0.1--0.5, the wind speed standard deviation after correction by the Kalman filtering method was generally lower than the wind speed standard deviation before correction, and the best ratio was 0.3. Using this hysteresis deviation ratio for wind speed correction at different forecast times and periods for these three LiDAR devices revealed that, except for individual data sets, more than 90% of the wind speed data sets exhibited reduced standard deviation after correction compared to the uncorrected data sets. After the introduction of this improved algorithm, the wind speed forecast improvement rate at each height ranged from 5% to 20%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture on postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) with spleen-stomach qi deficiency. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in 108 eligible PDS patients, with 55 cases in the acupuncture group and 53 cases in the sham acupuncture group. The patients in the acupuncture group were treated by acupuncture at Baihui (DU20), Danzhong ( RN17), Zhongwan ( RN12), Qihai ( RN6 ), Tianshu ( ST25 ), Neiguan ( PC6 ), Zusanli ( ST36 ), Gongsun(SP4) and Taibai(SP3). A superficial skin penetration at non-acupoints was performed in the sham acupuncture group. The patients in both groups were treated for 3 sessions (20 minutes per session) per week for 4 weeks, and were followed up 12 weeks after the last session. The changes of Symptom Index of Dyspepsia ( SID), Nepean dyspepsia index ( NDI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS) scores were compared between the two groups after the last session and 12 weeks after the treatment, so as to evaluate the efficacy and safety. Results After 4 weeks of treatment, the effective rate of the acupuncture group was 72. 7 %, higher than 45. 3 % of the sham acupuncture group ( P < 0. 05 ), and the descender of SID and NDI scores of the acupuncture group were greater than those of the sham acupuncture group (P <0. 05 ) and lasted for 12 weeks after treatment (P <0. 05 ) . After 4 weeks of treatment, the descender of HADS score in the acupuncture group was greater than that of the sham group (P < 0. 05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups during follow-up period. No serious adverse events were reported during the study period. Conclusion Among PDS patients with spleen-stomach qi deficiency, acupuncture could reduce the symptoms of indigestion, improve the quality of life, with sustained efficacy over 12 weeks in patients who have received acupuncture treatment for 4 weeks, three times each week. Acupuncture seems to alleviate the patients anxious and depressive emotions, but this effect does persist when the treatment ends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the changes of appetite regulating factors and their receptors in hypothalamus of rats with chronic mild unpredictable stress depression, and explore the antidepressant mechanism of Xiaoyao San. Methods The depression rat model was established with stimulation of chronic unpredictable mild stress factors, and they were randomly divided into the model group, Xiaoyao San group and fluoxetine group (n = 10), with 10 normal rats as the normal group. After the intervention of Xiaoyao San for 4 weeks, the behavior of the model rats was verified by Sugar Water Consumption Test and Feeding Behavior Test. The changes of Orexin A, Orexin B, Orexin R1, Orexin R2, leptin and leptin receptor (LEPR) were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the normal group, 1 % sucrose water consumption, sugar water consumption rate, body weight and food intake in the model group were decreased (P <0. 01), and the latency of approach to food was prolonged ( P < 0.05). In hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), the expression of Orexin A increased ( P <0. 01), while the expression of Orexin B and leptin decreased ( P < 0. 05, P < 0. 01 ) in the model group compared with the normal group. In Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus (PVN), the expression of Orexin A increased(P <0. 01), while the expression of Orexin R1 and Orexin R2 decreased(P <0. 05), and the expression of leptin and its receptor LEPR decreased(P < 0. 05, P <0. 01 ) in the model group compared with the normal group. Xiaoyao San showed an up-regulation effect on sugar consumption, body weight, and food intake in depression model rats ( P < 0. 05 ), and also had a regulatory effect on the latency of approach to food and the expression of Orexin A, Orexin R1 and leptin in hypothalamus ( P <0. 05, P <0. 01 ) . Fluoxetine increased the expression of Orexin B and Orexin R2 (P < 0. 05, P < 0.01). Conclusion Xiaoyao San seems to have an antidepressant effect by regulating the levels of Orexins and leptin in the central nervous system, and appetite regulating factors may be one of its main targets for antidepressant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effect of morinda officinalis polysaccharides (MOP) in inflammatory microenvironment on the expression of silent information regulator sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) in periodontal ligament cells., Methods: Thirty rats were randomly divided into control group ( n =6) and model group ( n =24). The model group used orthodontic wire ligation to establish periodontitis, and six rats from each group were killed after 3 weeks. The successful modeling was confirmed by Micro-CT. The remaining rats in the model group were randomly divided into natural recovery group, normal saline (NS) group, and MOP group. In the MOP group, MOP [200 mg/(kg·3d), 50 µL for 4 weeks] was injected into the palatal side of the left maxillary first molar of the rats, while the NS group was injected with equal volume of NS. The natural recovery group did not undergo any treatment. The left maxilla tissues of the rats were collected, and pathological changes in perio-dontal ligament cells were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression of SIRT1 and NLRP3 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Cultivate periodontal ligament fibroblasts in vitro and detect the effect of MOP on cell activity using CCK-8. The 4th generation cells were divided into control group, inflammation group (10 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide), and experimental group (5 µmol/L MOP, 5 µmol/L MOP+10 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide). The expression of SIRT1 and NLRP3 was detected by quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analyses. The acetylation of NLRP3 and the contents of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 were detected by immunoprecipitation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Statistical analysis of data was conducted using Prism 9.0 software., Results: In the vivo experiments, the expression of NLRP3 and SIRT1 in the MOP group decreased significantly compared with that in the natural recovery group and NS group, while the expression of SIRT1 increased ( P <0.05) and inflammatory cell infiltration decreased. In the in vitro experiments, the expression of NLRP3 mRNA and protein in the inflammation group increased ( P <0.05), while the expression of SIRT1 significantly decreased ( P <0.01); MOP upregulated the expression of SIRT1 in inflammatory cells ( P <0.05), reduced the expression of NLRP3 and its acetylation level significantly ( P <0.05), suppressed the content of IL-1β and IL-18 in the supernatant ( P <0.01)., Conclusions: The SIRT1 expression decreased, and that of NLRP3 expression increased in inflammatory periodontal ligament cells. MOP intervention promoted SIRT1 expression, resulting in the inhibition of NLRP3. Meanwhile, the acetylation level of NLRP3 reduced through deacetylation, leading to the decreased activity of NLRP3. Thus, MOP acted as inflammatory suppressor.

Objective: To evaluate the predictive accuracy of the SurgiCase CMF software in surgical simulation and prediction for mandibular asymmetry with 3-dimensional simulation and measurement., Methods: CBCT data of 27 patients with mandibular asymmetry were observed in CMF, and postoperative soft tissue physiognomy were predicted by simulating sagittal ramus osteotomy with or without genioplasty. The measurement parameters representing the symmetry of soft tissue were selected and the horizontal, coronal and sagittal planes were established. The results were analyzed by SPSS 19. 0. The overlap compared color grading charts were observed., Results: Angles between cheilions and the horizonta plane (Ch-Ch-FH) in the simulation and postoperative soft tissues are (2. 35 ± 1. 81)° and (1. 44 ± 1. 13)°. The angles constructed among subnasale, upper lip and lower lip (Sn-UL-LL) are (4. 02 ± 3. 05)° and (2. 59 ± 1. 64)°, showing statistically different (P < 0. 01, P < 0. 05), which means that predictive accuracy of the lip canting and lip vertical deviation is relatively low. Distance between gonioi and sagittal plane (Go'-MS), distance between gonion and pogonion (Go'-Pog') and angle betweer subnasale to menton and the horizontal plane (Sn-Me'-MS) are not statistically different, which mean! high predictive accuracy of mandibular angle and chin. By observing the overlap compared color gradin-) charts, the predictive accuracy is not good in the cheek, especially in the deviate side., Conclusions: The predictive accuracy of CMF system for patients with mandibular asymmetry is relatively high, but it is not good in the lip and cheek. The software improvement is still necessary.