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Objective In the development context of ecological construction and new urbanization for park cities in the current new-era, the main theme is to explore the planning direction and influencing factors of urban new scene creation combined with urban rail transit environment. Method Based on the practice of scene creation and construction in Chengdu park city, ′environmental features′, ′cultural features′ and ′sociality′ are taken as the evaluation criteria for ′scene creation′. A tram station environment evaluation standard and index system composed of 3 primary evaluation indicators and 10 secondary evaluation indicators are constructed. The environment quality in good and harsh conditions of Chengdu Tram Line 2 Southwest Jiaotong University Station are comprehensively analyzed. Result & Conclusion Under the guidance of park city scene creation principle and tram station environment evaluation system, a survey analysis of the current environment at the Southwest Jiaotong University Station on Chengdu Tram Line 2 is conducted. In view of the environmental issues such as monotonous architectural forms and vague scene imagery, optimization suggestions are proposed for tram station accessibility, functionality and comfort to realize a new ′park city+rail transit′ scenario of people-oriented, green transportation and integration of industry and urban development.

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) prevalence is increasing as aging advances worldwide, but its diagnosis is difficult due to atypical early clinical symptoms. Therefore, exploring new and reliable imaging techniques to improve early diagnosis rate of AD has become an important challenge in medical research. Objective To assess the correlation of amide proton content in brain with clinical symptoms of AD. Methods 41 AD patients over 55 years old in Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University were enrolled from November 2019 to August 2021, and 37 healthy volunteers were recruited at the same time. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD) were used to evaluate the cognitive function, and behavioral symptoms, respectively. APTw MRI was used to take cephalograms. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between content of brain amide protons and psychiatric symptom factors in AD patients. Results (1) The results showed that the MMSE and BEHAVE-AD scores were significantly different between AD patients and healthy controls (P

The determination of arsenic content in phosphorus pentoxide by atomic fluorescence spectroscopy method was studied, and the acid medium, acidity, reducing agent concentration, pre reducing agent, and masking agent were determined. The results indicate that the method has good linearity in the range of 1.0~50.0 /, ig/L, the correlation coefficient is r>0.999, the detection limit is 0.06 µg/L, quantification limit is 0.21 µg/L. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the 8 sample analysis results is 1.94%, and the spiked recovery rate are 92.87%~101.30%. The test results show no significant difference from the DDTC silver salt method, and this method is a reliable method for detecting arsenic content in phosphorus pentoxide, because it is more convenient and less reagent used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep learning is a promising solution for computer vision at present. To solve the computer vision problem, it requires massive and high-quality image training datasets. Collecting and accurately labeling image datasets is a very time-consuming and expensive process. As computer vision applications become more widespread, it makes this problem even more pronounced. Image augmentation technologies are technical methods to effectively solve the problem of deep learning training under the condition of small-scale or low-quality training data. These technologies are continually accompanied with the development of deep learning and computer vision. This paper first reviews these image augmentation researches from the perspective of augmentation objects, operation spaces, label processing methods, and augmentation strategies and then concludes corresponding paradigms of current image data augmentation methods. After that, this paper proposes a taxonomy for current image data augmentation guided by the above paradigms, and reviews corresponding representative methods of each image data augmentation category. Finally, this paper makes conclusions on existing image data augmentation, points out the problems existing in the current image augmentation research and presents promising directions for future research.

Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on urinary tract infections or genital infections in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods We searched PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, Clinical trials and Cochrane Library, as well as Chinese literature databases such as China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed databases from the establishment of the databases to 31st, August 2021 for randomized controlled trials (RCT) that involved SGLT2i and safety events of urinary tract infections or genital infections. A series of network Meta-analysis were performed on all available evidence. The titles, interventions, background medication, outcome events, sample size and other information of the included studies were extracted. In a multi-layered mesh Meta-analysis of all available evidence, the relative effect values of urinary tract infection or genital infection were showed as odds ratio (OR) values and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results A total of 100 studies were included, 97 of which reported urinary tract infections and 28 of which reported genital infections. The total sample size of SGLT2i group was 46 697, including Canagliflozin, Dapagliflozin, Bexagliflozin, Remogliflozin, Ertugliflozin and Henagliflozin, etc. The total sample size of the control group including other hypoglycemic drugs and placebo was 33 284. Other hypoglycemic drugs included dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor (DPP-4i), insulin, sulfonylureas, etc. Some kinds of SGLT2i were associated with an increasing risk of urinary tract infections at different magnitude. The risk of urinary tract infection induced by Canagliflozin was lower than that of Dapagliflozin (OR=0.67, 95%CI 0.45-0.99), Bexagliflozin (OR=0.43, 95%CI 0.19-0.98) and Remogliflozin (OR=0.27, 95%CI 0.08-0.97). Ertugliflozin increased the risk of urinary tract infection (OR=1.21, 95%CI 1.04-1.40) compared with placebo. Compared with Henagliflozin and insulin, Bexagliflozin increased the risk of urinary tract infection with the OR values (95%CI) of 4.15 (1.08-15.95) and 12.16 (1.27-116.55), respectively. In addition, Hengglitazin reduced the risk of urinary tract infection (OR=0.15, 95%CI 0.03-0.80) compared with Remogliflozin. Compared with insulin and sulfonylureas, Remogliflozin might increase the risk of urinary tract infection with the OR values (95%CI) of 19.32 (1.65-226.07) and 5.82 (1.11-30.57), respectively. The results of network Meta-analysis also showed that SGLT2i significantly increased the risk of genital infections compared with other hypoglycemic drugs (OR=4.18, 95%CI 2.33-7.53). A detailed comparison showed that SGLT2i had a higher risk of genital infection compared with DPP-4i (OR=3.26, 95%CI 1.18-9.06), in which Canagliflozin had an increased risk compared with DPP-4i (OR=3.80, 95%CI 1.08-13.39). Conclusions In patients with T2DM, SGLT2i was associated with a higher risk of genital infections compared with other hypoglycemic drugs, especially DPP-4i. Dapagliflozin, Ertugliflozin, Bexagliflozin, and Remogliflozin were associated with increasing risk of urinary tract infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of gradation of expanded perlites and compression ratio on the physical and mechanical properties of PVA -based expanded perlite insulation board (PEPB> were studied. The results show that the higher the packing density of expanded perlites after graded, the higher the dry density of PEPB prepared by these expanded perlites. Dry density, compressive strength and thermal conductivity of PEPB increase with compression ratio increasing. When the compression ratio increases to 1.6-2.2.the thermal conductivity of PEPB shows a linear correlation with its dry density. PEPBs were prepared, which have dry densities of 159.5-168.6 kg/m³ strengths of 0.313-0.332 MPa and thermal conductivities of 0.0527 -0.0545 W/ (m • K), by using modified PVA as adhesive and reasonable aggregate gradation of expanded perlite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urbanization and industrialization sharply increased the demand of construction land, mostly conversed from farmland. Considering the scarce land resources and the large population in China, the total number of farmland resources has a direct impact on the sustainable development of China's social economy. We must distinguish the driving forces which induce the local governments to accelerate farmland conversion under current system, and take countermeasures to control farmland conversion in order to harmonize economic development and farmland protection. This paper establishes an analytical framework for analyzing farmland conversion in developed districts, in the perspective of government benefits from farmland conversion, which were divided into institutional benefit and developing benefit, and took a case study of Z coastal province in southeast China, using production function and panel data regression models. The results indicate that Z province got developing benefit of 0. 247 3 X 108yuan/km² and institutional benefit of 0. 519 1 X 108yuan/km² through land conversion, which is 2. 099 1 times of the former. It is concluded that, keeping other factors constant, institutional benefit is one of the main factors affecting the process of farmland conversion. Meanwhile, the present land protection policies cannot keep efficient controls over local government's behavior of obtaining intuitional benefit, which to a certain extent speeds up the :process of land conversion and results in the excessive loss of farmland in the developed districts. Finally, this paper designs a monitoring and management institution to regulate local government's behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transcriptional regulation is one of the major regulations in plant adventious shoot regeneration, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. In our study, the RNA-seq technology based on the IlluminaHiSeq 2000 sequencing platform was used to identify differentially expressed transcription factor (TF) encoding genes during callus formation stage and adventious shoot regeneration stage between wild type and adventious shoot formation defective mutant be1-3 and during the transition from dedifferentiation to redifferentiation stage in wildtype WS. Results show that 155 TFs were differentially expressed between be1-3 mutant and wild type during callus formation, of which 97 genes were up-regulated, and 58 genes were down-regulated; and that 68 genes were differentially expressed during redifferentiation stage, with 40 genes up-regulated and 28 genes down-regulated; whereas at the transition stage from dedifferentiation to redifferention in WS wild type explants, a total of 231 differentially expressed TF genes were identified, including 160 up-regualted genes and 71 down-regulated genes. Among these TF genes, the adventious shoot related transcription factor 1 (ART1) gene encoding a MYB-related (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog) TF, was up-regulated 3 217 folds, and was the highest up-regulated gene during be1-3 callus formation. Over expression of the ART1 gene caused defects in callus formation and shoot regeneration and inhibited seedling growth, indicating that the ART1 gene is a negative regulator of callus formation and shoot regeneration. This work not only enriches our knowledge about the transcriptional regulation mechanism of adventious shoot regeneration, but also provides valuable information on candidate TF genes associated with adventious shoot regeneration for future research.

WRKY transcription factors, one of the largest families of transcriptional regulators in plants, involve in multiple life activities including plant growth and development as well as stress responses. However, little is known about the types and functions of WRKY transcription factors in Catharanthus roseus, an important medicinal plant. In this study, we identified 47 CrWRKY transcriptional factors from 26 009 proteins in Catharanthus roseus, and classified them into three distinct groups (G1, G2 and G3) according to the structure of WRKY domain and evolution of the protein family. The expression profiling showed that these CrWRKY genes expressed in a tissue/organ specific manner. The 47 CrWRKY genes were clustered into three types of expression patterns. The first type includes the CrWRKYs highly expressed in flowers and the protoplast treated with methy jasmonate (MeJA) or yeast extraction (YE). The second type contains the CrWRKYs highly expressed in stem and hairy root. The third type represents the CrWRKYs highly expressed in root, stem, leaf, seedling and the hairy root treated by MeJA. Real time quantitative PCR was employed to further identify the expression patterns of the 16 selected CrWRKY genes in various organs, the MeJA-treated protoplasts and hairy roots of Catharanthus roseus, and similar results were obtained. Notably, the expresion of more than 1/3 CrWRKY genes were regulated by MeJA or YE, indicating that these CrWRKYs are likely involed in the signalling webs which modulate the biosynthesis of terpenoid indole alkaloid and plant responses to various stresses. The present results provide a framework for functional identification of the CrWRKYs and understanding of the regulation network of terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus.

Palmitoleic acid (16:1delta9), an unusual monounsaturated fatty acid, is highly valued for human nutrition, medication and industry. Plant oils containing large amounts of palmitoleic acid are the ideal resource for biodiesel production. To increase accumulation of palmitoleic acid in plant tissues, we used a yeast (Saccharomyees cerevisiae) acyl-CoA-delta9 desaturase (Scdelta9D) for cytosol- and plastid-targeting expression in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). By doing this, we also studied the effects of the subcellular-targeted expression of this enzyme on lipid synthesis and metabolism in plant system. Compared to the wild type and vector control plants, the contents of monounsaturated palmitoleic (16:1delta9) and cis-vaccenic (18:1delta11) were significantly enhanced in the Scdelta9D-transgenic leaves whereas the levels of saturated palmitic acid (16:0) and polyunsaturated linoleic (18:2) and linolenic (18:3) acids were reduced in the transgenics. Notably, the contents of 16:1delta9 and 18:1delta11 in the Scdelta9D plastidal-expressed leaves were 2.7 and 1.9 folds of that in the cytosolic-expressed tissues. Statistical analysis appeared a negative correlation coefficient between 16:0 and 16:1delta9 levels. Our data indicate that yeast cytosolic acyl-CoA-delta9 desaturase can convert palmitic (16:0) into palmitoleic acid (16:1delta9) in high plant cells. Moreover, this effect of the enzyme is stronger with the plastid-targeted expression than the cytosol-target expression. The present study developed a new strategy for high accumulation of omega-7 fatty acids (16:1delta9 andl8:1delta11) in plant tissues by protein engineering of acyl-CoA-delta9 desaturase. The findings would particularly benefit the metabolic assembly of the lipid biosynthesis pathway in the large-biomass vegetative organs such as tobacco leaves for the production of high-quality biodiesel.

Most current research in the field of adventitious shoot formation is focused on the regulatory function of a single gene. However, a systematic transcriptomic analysis of the early adventitious shoot formation is still lacking. Here, we analyzed the transcriptome profiling of the early adventitious shoot formation in Arabidopsis by RNA-seq high throughput sequencing technology, and identified 2 457 differentially expressed genes. Detailed categorization revealed that these genes were mainly involved in hormone homeostasis or signal transduction, callus and lateral root formation, shoot apical meristem development and photosynthesis. Further pathway enrichment analysis showed that genes involved in phenylalanine metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were significantly enriched. Moreover, exogenous phenylalanine could repress adventitious shoot formation, indicating that phenylalanine metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis might be important for adventitious shoot formation.

The somatic embryogenesis in plant is a very complicated and highly ordered process, which is regulated by many internal and external factors. Among them, gene expression and regulation are key factors. Genes encoding regulatory proteins, for example PLANT GROWTH ACTIVATOR, LEAFY COTYLEDON, BABY BOOM, SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE and PICKLE, interact with each other and form a complicated regulatory network. Recent progress on this regulatory network was reviewed on the basis of our study on the PLANT GROWTH ACTIVATOR 37 gene. In addition, future research perspectives on plant somatic embryogenesis were discussed.

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Bazhen decoction on bone marrow depression induced by cyclophosphamide (CY) in mice. An experimental model of mouse bone marrow injury was established through cyclophosphamide induced and the following phenomena were observed. The techniques of culture of hematopoietic progenitor cell and hematopoietic growth factor assay were used. Bazhen decoction could obviously promote the proliferation of bone marrow cells of anaemic mice. The culture media of spleen cell, macrophage, lung and skeletal muscle treated with Bazhen decoction had much stronger stimulating effects on hematopoietic cells. The bone marrow cells of the anaemic mice could yield TNF through Bazhen decoction treatment. It was suggested that Bazhen decoction is clinically a hopeful drug used to cure bone marrow depression and attenuate the side effects of CY.