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Objective: To summarize the clinical and histopathological features of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG). Methods: The clinical manifestations and histopathological findings of 32 children with juvenile xanthogranuloma diagnosed and treated in our hospital from December 2011 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The lesions were yellow or tawny, also red or dark red, papules and nodules on the head, face, trunk or limbs. There was a case with external skin symptoms. Histopathological features can be divided into three types: early juvenile xanthogranuloma (12.50%), the pathology showed a large number of histocytes infiltration, with scattered multinucleate giant cells, lymphocytes, and eosinophilic cells; mature juvenile xanthogranuloma (78.12%), the pathology showed typical foam cells, multinucleated giant cells and typical Touton giant cells; transitional juvenile xanthogranuloma (9.38%), the pathology showed spindle-shaped cells, histocytes and multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemical results were CD68 (+), CD1a (-), Langerin (-) and S-100 (-). Conclusion: The diagnosis of JXG can be made according to the typical skin lesion characteristics and pathological findings, while pathological examination is necessary to reduce the misdiagnosis rate.

Objective To explore the predictive value of intraoperative flat CT scan for intracranial hemorrhage after mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (AAC⁃LVO). Methods A total of 106 patients with AAC⁃LVO who underwent mechanical thrombectomy at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University was conducted from March 2020 to June 2023. Intraoperative flat CT scan was performed among above patients to record CT values, high⁃density sign and mass effect. According to whether occurred intracranial hemorrhage after surgery, those patients were divided into intracranial hemorrhage group (n = 29) and non⁃intracranial hemorrhage group (n = 77). Univariate and multivariate stepwise Logistic regression analyses were used to screen the influencing factors of intracranial hemorrhage after mechanical thrombectomy. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the predictive efficacy of intraoperative flat CT scan for postoperative intracranial hemorrhage. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension was a protective factor for (OR = 0.340, 95%CI: 0.123-0.941; P = 0.038). A high National Institutes of Health Stroke (NIHSS) score at admission (OR = 1.068, 95%CI: 1.010-1.129; P = 0.021), as well as intraoperative flat CT high⁃density sign (OR = 9.942, 95%CI: 2.631-37.567; P = 0.001), mass effect (OR = 23.564, 95%CI: 7.266-79.421; P = 0.000), and CT value ≥ 90 HU (OR = 9.714, 95%CI: 1.982-47.605; P = 0.005) were risk factors for postoperative intracranial hemorrhage. The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for intraoperative flat CT value ≥ 90 HU, mass effect and their combined prediction of postoperative intracranial hemorrhage were 0.82 (95%CI: 0.734-0.889, P = 0.000), 0.75 (95%CI: 0.661-0.833, P = 0.000) and 0.76 (95%CI: 0.668-0.838, P = 0.000), with sensitivity were 75.86%, 58.62% and 58.62%, and specificity were 88.31%, 92.21% and 93.51%. The predictive efficiency was highest for CT value ≥ 90 HU (t = 48.777, P = 0.000; t = 43.681,P = 0.000). Conclusions In patients with AAC⁃LVO undergoing mechanical thrombectomy, intraoperative flat CT high⁃density sign such as CT value ≥ 90 HU and mass effect can predict postoperative intracranial hemorrhage, and the predictive value of CT value ≥ 90 HU is relatively high.

Grid-forming energy storage can not only have the conventional energy storage function, but also be able to improve the system inertia to meet the demand for rapid frequency and voltage regulation of microgrid with high renewable penetration. Therefore, the grid-forming energy storage technology is an important form to promote the development of microgrid technology. In this paper, to investigate the impact of energy storage control strategy, an optimal operation model of microgrids considering stabilized expansion of grid-forming energy storage is proposed. Firstly, a microgrid cluster architecture with two sub-microgrids is built. The efficiency model of each component of the microgrid cluster is determined, and different energy storage control strategies are analyzed. Based on the different energy storage control strategies, different start-up modes of diesel generators constraints are set. Secondly, with the operating cost of microgrids as the optimization objective and the diesel generator start-up mode constraints, the optimized operation model of microgrids considering stabilized expansion of grid-forming energy storage is constructed, and it is solved by the CPLEX solver. Finally, different photovoltaic penetration scenarios are set up for arithmetic. The simulation is conducted to verify that the grid-forming energy storage can effectively improve the microgrids operation economy and environmental protection. Meanwhile, appropriately increasing the microgrid cluster contact line power limit can improve the system operation economy.

Thermosetting resins are widely used in the composition of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers （CFRPs）， which are insoluble and non-melting after curing， making thermosetting resins and carbon fibers （CFs） difficult to recycle and reuse.Vitrimer has the advantages of thermosetting and thermoplastic resins， which can achieve high-performance CFRPs preparation and non-destructive recovery of CFs. Moreover， the construction of vitrimer and its CFRPs by the bio-based materials， such as lignin and vanillin， is in line with the green development concept. The methods， properties， and their applications for the preparation of bio-based vitrimer from lignin and vanillin were summarized in this paper； the applications of vanillin-based vitrimer in the recyclable CFRPs were reviewed； the future development of lignin/vanillin-based vitrimer and its CFRPs were outlooked. This paper would provide a reference for the construction of high-performance lignin and its derivative vitrimer and CFRPs.

Since the “14th Five-Year Plan”, with the continuous deepening of the “three rural work”, the quality inspection and grading of potatoes have played a decisive role in the expansion of the potato industry and the development of the processing industry. Aiming at the problems of traditional manual potato quality classification, such as high labor intensity, low efficiency, easy to cause secondary damage, and inability to judge internal quality, this article elaborated on the research progress of domestic and foreign hyperspectral detection technology, near-infrared spectroscopy detection technology, machine vision detection technology, and ultrasonic detection technology in the application of internal and external quality detection of potatoes. Through research and analysis, the problems facing non-destructive detection technology for potato quality were proposed, and prospects for the selection of imaging systems, multimodal detection technology, algorithm optimization, and intelligent detection technology were discussed, which could provide a reference for in-depth research and practical application of non-destructive detection technology for potato quality.

Objective To explore the protective role of DNA damage induced transcription factor 4 (DDIT4) in oxidative stress injury in dermal papilla cells and its underlying mechanisms. Methods Dermal papilla cells were exposed to UVA and H2O2 to establish cellular model of oxidative stress. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell viability under different treatment conditions, and the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected using 2′, 7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA). Autophagic vesicles were observed with electron microscopy. Western blotting was employed to measure the expression of DDIT4 and autophagy-related molecules, including microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), ubiquitin-binding protein (P62), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and p-mTOR. Results UVA and H2O2 resulted in more production of ROS (P < 0.05) and decreased viability of dermal papilla cells (P < 0.05). DDIT4 expression was increased in dermal papilla cells under oxidative stress (P < 0.05), and the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) could effectively inhibit this effect (P < 0.05). After treatment with UVA or H2O2, cell autophagy was enhanced in dermal papilla cells, characterized by an increase in the number of autophagosomes and an increased LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio (P < 0.05), a decrease in P62 expression (P < 0.05), and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) blocking autophagy led to further reduced cell viability (P < 0.05) and increased intracellular ROS production (P < 0.05). Conversely, rapamycin (RAPA) increased autophagy level and improved the viability of dermal papilla cells under oxidative conditions (P < 0.05), and reduced the generation of intracellular ROS (P < 0.05). Additionally, down-regulation of DDIT4 weakened autophagy in dermal papilla cells under oxidative stress, reduced LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ (P < 0.05), increased p-mTOR/mTOR and P62 (P < 0.05), inhibited cell viability (P < 0.05), and enhanced intracellular ROS production (P < 0.05). Conclusion DDIT4 may alleviate oxidative stress injury in dermal papilla cells through autophagy.

ObjectivesAs an important support for the new power system, hydrogen gas turbines can help reduce carbon emissions and are conducive to grid peak regulation. They are the focus of technological innovation in the global future strategic emerging industries. Many key issues faced by hydrogen blending gas turbine power generation technology from demonstration to commercialization, need to be solved.MethodsH-class gas turbines were taken as the research object, and the strategic planning and demonstration projects of hydrogen blending gas turbine power generation in China and abroad were introduced, and the technology routes of H-class gas turbines of major gas turbine manufacturers were compared. The analysis and suggestion was made from four aspects for the scale application of future hydrogen blending gas turbine power generation technology, including hydrogen source, system transformation, emission impact and hydrogen blending power generation cost.ResultsRenewable energy electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen will be the main source of hydrogen blending gas turbine power generation. In addition, the development of new dry low nitrogen oxide burners, which are suitable for unstable combustion of hydrogen blending, will be the key direction for future hydrogen blending gas turbine system transformation. The higher the hydrogen volume percentage is, the greater the CO2 emission reduction is. However, the NOx emission is on an upward trend. Moreover, there is a risk of exceeding the standard value, and the future cost of hydrogen blending gas turbine power generation can reach the same level as the cost of natural gas power generation.ConclusionsWith the reduction of the cost of large-scale renewable energy hydrogen production, and the implementation of carbon tax and the maturity of hydrogen blending power generation technology, the gas turbine hydrogen blending power generation will gradually enter large-scale application.

【Objective】 The cultivation of soybeans has increased in China and to assess the potential influence of this on agricultural water usage, we analysed the spatiotemporal variation in its water requirements across the whole country. 【Method】 The analysis was based on meteorological data measured from 1971 to 2020 in main soybean production regions. Water requirement of soybean in each region was calculated using crop coefficient and the potential evapotranspiration. The Mann-Kendall trend test method and the rescaled range method were used to analyze spatiotemporal variation in water requirement and water deficit of the soybean, for both current conditions and projected future scenarios. 【Result】 The average water requirement and water deficit of soybeans during their growth period across the country were 382 mm and 111 mm, respectively. However, these values exhibited significant spatial variability. The arid and semi-arid areas in the North, as well as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Loess Plateau are particularly susceptible to drought and water shortage. The average water deficit across various regions in the country ranged from 30 mm to 344 mm. Drought and water shortage have been worsening in some regions, which include the Eastern arid and semi-arid regions in Northern China, the Southern Northeast plain, the Western Huang-Huai-Hai plain, the Southern Yunnan-Guizhou plateau, the Southern region in the Northeast plain, the Western Huang-Huai-Hai plain, the Southern Yunnan-Guizhou plateau, specially in the Southern Yunnan-Kweichow Plateau. Furthermore, drought and water shortages in the Eastern arid and semi-arid regions in Northern China, the Southwest of the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau, and the Western Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are expected to Worsen. A potential water shortage crisis is anticipated in the Western Huang-Huai-Hai region, the Southeast of the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau, and the Northern, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. 【Conclusion】 Our analysis indicates that drought and water shortage for soybean production in the South of the Northeast Plain, Western Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are predicted to intensify. Therefore, enhancing water-saving measures is essential for sustaining water resource use in these regions for soybean production.

【Objective】 Subsurface drain is a drainage system widely used in northwestern China to keep the groundwater below the critical depth and facilitate soil salt leaching. This paper presents an experimental study on the combined effect of drain depth and spacing on soil salt leaching in a representative oasis in Yanqi Basin. 【Method】 The drains were buried at the depth of 1.2 or 1.5 m, with the spacing being 20, 30 or 40 m. Overall, there were six treatments. For each treatment, we measured the spatial changes in soil salt contents before and after the leaching, which were then used to analyze the variation in salt leaching efficiency between different treatments. 【Result】 ① When initial soil moisture was at the field capacity, leaching could quickly saturated the soil and displace the water in the soil above the drains. There were no significant correlations between soil moisture content and the depth and spacing of the drains. ② Salt leaching from the top 0-60 cm soil layer was significantly related to the depth and spacing of the drains. The spacing and depth of the drains combined to affect soil salt removal rate. When the spacing was the same, increasing the burial depth of the drains enhanced salt removal from the 0-60 cm soil layer; when the burial depth of the drains was the same, salt removal rate from the 0-60 cm soil layer was the highest when the spacing was 30 cm (P0.05). Compared to the burial depth of 1.2 m, the burial depth of 1.5 m considerably improved the drainage efficiency and accelerated soil salt removal. 【Conclusion】 For maximum soil salt removal rate, the optimal depth and spacing of the subsurface drains for the study area was 1.5 m and 30 m, respectively.

Objective In view of the constant changes of shield tail clearance during shield or tunnel boring machine excavation process, to ensure construction safety, it is necessary to measure shield tail clearance in real-time. Addressing the shortcomings of non-contact shield tail clearance measurement devices, such as poor environmental adaptability, low accuracy, and high cost, the development and implementation of a contact-type, as in mechanical shield tail clearance measurement device is carried out. Method Angle measurement is conducted using a magneto-sensitive angle sensor, and mathematical calculations are then applied to convert the angle values into distance values and obtain corresponding shield tail clearance values, thereby achieving real-time measurement of the shield tail clearance. Result & Conclusion This device undergoes testing and application in engineering sites, demonstrating satisfactory performance. The mechanical shield tail clearance measurement device enables continuous real-time measurement of the shield tail clearance, with measurement data storable locally and accessible remotely, providing high measurement efficiency. Mechanical measurement does not require complex data processing, resulting in relatively high measurement accuracy, controllable within one millimeter. The cost of this device is low, approximately one-fifth of the non-contact measurement device cost, contributing to cost control efforts.

Objective To ensure the safe operation of underground gas pipeline network near URT (urban rail transit) and to mitigate the electrochemical corrosion on the gas pipeline network caused by URT stray current, it is necessary to conduct online monitoring and analysis of URT stray current. Method Real-time continuous pipe-ground potential data from four monitoring points set up on underground gas steel pipelines near a section of Tianjin URT are obtained. A combined time-frequency domain analysis is conducted on this data. A continuous wavelet transform model is established, and a wavelet power spectrum analysis is performed. Wavelet coherence analysis is utilized to study the coherence degree and phase relationship between pipe-ground potential signals. Result & Conclusion The pipe-ground potential signals under the interference of URT stray current are a typical non-stationary signal, with certain pattern of periodic fluctuations. The intensity of these periodic fluctuations increases non-linearly as the distance to the interference source decreases. The periodically changing pipe-ground potential presents an overall waveform of a mountain-shape parabolic curve, peaking most noticeably within the 64-128 minute range. During URT operation, the coherence intensity between signals shows significant variability, with strong coherence only appearing at some intervals. Additionally, the leading or lagging angles of the inter-signal phase correspond to the operation intervals of URT trains.

To solve the problem of grain coarseness in pure tungsten prepared by selective electron beam melting (SEBM), B was selected as the grain refinement element. The influence of forming process parameters on the densification, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the W‒B alloys was investigated. It is found that when the electron beam current intensity is 15 mA, the scanning speed is 300 mm·s‒1, and the volume energy density is 1200 J·mm‒3, the density of W‒B alloy samples is the highest, the pores and unfused powders are the least, and the microcracks are basically suppressed. The constitutional undercooling caused by element B effectively refines the grain size of W formed by SEBM, and the microstructure changes from coarse columnar crystal to fine columnar dendrites with an average size of ~8.26 μm. The highest hardness of the W‒B alloys is HV 672, and the highest ultimate compressive strength is 1598 MPa. The fracture mechanism is mainly cleavage fracture.

To solve the problem of large feedback gain coefficient required for delay feature hiding in existing chaotic secure laser communication systems, a chaotic secure communication system based on all optical chaos injection double-loop electro-optical phase feedback loop was designed. Firstly, optical chaos was generated by all optical feedback and coupled to two electro-optic phase chaos feedback loops. Then, the nonlinear coupling of information and chaotic carrier was achieved through phase modulation to participate in the generation of chaotic carrier. Finally, the signal was decrypted by optical chaos synchronization at the detection end. The complexity, TDS hiding, synchronization, robustness and communication performance of chaotic signals in the system were analyzed by MATLAB software. The results demonstrate that the designed chaotic secure communication system has higher complexity and the TDS are completely hidden when the feedback coefficient is small.

The core is one of the core strategic resources in the exploration and development of oil and gas fields and plays an important role in the research on facies of oil and gas reservoirs， physical properties of reservoirs， and oil content. Compared with the paper data， the physical geological data of the core has the characteristics of reduction and variability， and the original appearance of the core cannot be preserved for a long time， thus reducing the utilization value of the core. Digital core technologies can collect the original data of the core in time， enrich the geological information of the core， and improve the utilization rate of core data， so it is of great significance to research digital core technologies. According to the production practice of core digitization construction in Shengli Oilfield， the concept， equipment， and technical content of core digitization were described， and many important digital core technologies such as core gamma spectrometry measurement， XRF element testing， magnetic susceptibility testing， and CT scanning were analyzed. The geological application effects of each technology were discussed. The research results show that digital core technologies have the advantages of fast testing， good continuity， large data， and high precision. They can accurately reflect the characteristics of sediment changes and provide an important geological basis for the research on sedimentary genesis， reservoir description and evaluation， material composition， and other issues of shales， carbonate， and glutenite， with a broad application prospect. Digital core data is the continuous data of core scale obtained directly from the core， which is between the original data and the result data in terms of the nature of the data， and it focuses more on the originality of the core， which is the first-hand geological data. Digital core data has unique and important application value and is an important technical means to improve the application level of the core.

In the production process of electronic grade ultrapure water, trace H2O2 is mainly compounded by hydroxyl radicals generated by vacuum UV degradation devices, which can corrode certain specific processes of semiconductor materials surface cleaning. The application of multiphase nanocatalysation technology in advanced process semiconductor ultrapure water preparation system can effectively remove the micropollution H2O2 produced by vacuum ultraviolet irradiation, which is a green cleaning technology to promote the rapid dissociation of active oxygen species containing O—O bonds. The generation of micropollution H2O2 and its influence on the cleaning process of semiconductor materials were briefly discussed. The reaction pathway and mechanism of platinum series metal nanoparticles in group Ⅷ transition elements to catalyze H2O2 dissociation were analyzed. The effects of metal surface adsorption configuration, adsorption energy, electronic structure, carrier chemical properties, halogen anions in water and other factors on the enhanced removal characteristics of nanoparticles were also discussed. The application and research progress of group Ⅷ transition metals in ultrapure water production, detection and semiconductor assisted process systems were reviewed. The research provided reference for the construction of a new reaction system in ultrapure water process and the development and application of water treatment materials.

The heavy medium rapid sedimentation process is widely used in coal mining wastewater, and its process characteristics are multivariate, nonlinear and time-varying. The precision of dosing affects the effluent index and operating costs of the heavy medium rapid sedimentation process. AI artificial intelligence software, as a data science tool, replaces traditional human experience and intuition with digital technology. Compared with traditional dosing control methods, using an AI artificial intelligence dosing system can accurately adjust the dosing amount in real time based on water quantity and quality, ensuring stable effluent quality and enabling early prediction of effluent quality indicators. This project used AI artificial intelligence software to analyze data on existing heavy medium rapid sedimentation processes, identified potential correlations between data, independently created algorithm models, and validated their effectiveness, ultimately achieved the experimental goal of being applicable for guiding production. Under the same industrial control, AI artificial intelligence could save 13.5% of the dosage compared with traditional dosing, achieving energy conservation and consumption reduction. The AI artificial intelligence dosing system can perform deep learning on continuously increasing data, continuously automatically correct model parameters, and make control more accurate.

In order to investigate the effects of different packaging materials on the quality changes of walnut oil, walnut oil was packaged in open glass beakers, tinplate cans, and glass oil bottles, respectively. The Schaal oven method was used to accelerate the oxidation of oil. The peroxide value, acid value, fatty acid composition and relaxation characteristics were used as evaluation indicators to study the effects of different packaging materials on the oxidative stability and predicted shelf life of walnut oil. When the peroxide value was limited to ≤0.25 g/100 g according to national standards for vegetable oils, the predicted shelf life of walnut oil packed in beakers, tinplate cans, glass oil bottles with added TBHQ, and the blank control were 160, 112, 336 and 64 days, respectively. Throughout the predicted shelf life, the acid values of the walnut oil remained within the range required for grade 2 walnut oil. The order of strength of the oxidation stability of walnut oil with TBHQ added by three packaging materials was glass oil bottle>beaker>tinplate can, and it is recommended to store walnut oil in glass oil bottles for long-term storage.

Objective The international standards adopted in metro vehicle design and verification in China do not fully align with the actual vehicle operating conditions, resulting in the phenomenon of fatigue cracks in some metro vehicle bogie frames before reaching the specified service mileage. It is therefore necessary to study the load characteristics of metro vehicle bogie frames under actual operating conditions. Method Based on long-term tracking test data of B-type metro vehicles, a combination of statistical calculation and STFT (short-time Fourier transform) analysis is used to study the variation law of bogie frame loads from three aspects of line condition, vehicle operation state and passenger load. Result & Conclusion The main load of the bogie frame is highly correlated with line conditions, while local load of the frame are closely related to the vehicle operation state. There is a significant negative linear correlation between damper load and passenger load, while other bogie frame loads, except for lateral rolling loads, show a positive linear correlation with passenger load.

Objective To ensure the smooth launch of shield tunneling, local ground reinforcement is usually carried out around the originating shaft, resulting in differences in tunnel deformation on both sides of the reinforced area, which can affect tunnel structural safety. However, the characteristics and law of deformation differences are still unclear yet. Hence, it is necessary to conduct a field measurement study on the characteristics of tunnel deformation differences in the reinforced area at large-diameter shield tunnel originating end. Method Taking the large-diameter shield tunnel project on Shanghai City Railway Airport Link Line as example, based on field measurement data, the differential characteristics of shield excavation construction ground vertical deformation, tunnel vertical deformation, and tunnel lateral convergence in the reinforced area of the originating shaft are analyzed. The influence law of local ground reinforcement on deformation differences during large-diameter shield tunnel excavation in soft soil stratum is investigated. Result & Conclusion Local ground reinforcement leads to significant differences in shield tunnel deformation response. The development of ground vertical deformation transitions from 4 stages (disturbance settlement, unloading uplift, consolidation settlement, and relative stability) in the non-reinforced area to 3 stages (disturbance settlement, unloading uplift, and relative stability) in the reinforced area. For tunnel vertical deformation, fluctuating uplift dominates on the non-reinforced side, while settlement dominates in the reinforced area, causing a differential settlement of 0.022% Ls (Ls as the distance between 2 monitoring points along tunnel axis) in the critical area reaching, exceeding the warning value for differential settlement of segmental structures. Regarding tunnel lateral convergence, the reinforced area tunnel structure exhibits a vertical egg-shaped deformation, while a horizontal egg-shaped deformation in the non-reinforced area. During construction, particular attention should be paid to preventing shear damage to circumferential joint bolts and concrete damage to bolts holes caused by segmental structure settlement and convergence differences in the critical area.

A wireless multi-channel hybrid data acquisition system was presented, consisting of two distinct components: a hardware system and a PC data acquisition analysis and processing software system. The hardware system was set with the number of surface electromyography (sEMG) signal acquisition channels and the number of inertial measurement unit (IMU) according to the target requirements by pressing a key, and sEMG signal transmission tasks and kinematics data acquisition tasks corresponding to the number of IMUs were created based on the FreeRTOS operating system, and the mutually exclusive signal volume technique was used to ensure that the data acquired by each task were transmitted to the PC software system via Wi-Fi. The data acquisition tasks were created based on the FreeRTOS operating system, and the kinematics tasks corresponding to the number of IMU sensors were created, and the mutually exclusive signal volume technique was used to ensure that the data acquired by each task was transmitted to the PC software system via Wi-Fi. The designed hybrid data acquisition system is more practical and scalable in the field of motor function rehabilitation for paralyzed limbs compared to the current commercial Trigno wireless based mixed signal acquisition system and other self-developed systems.

Objective To establish a model of combined injury of thermal radiation and blast wave of gas explosion in closed pipeline, and investigate the characteristics of important organ injury induced by burn-blast combined injury in rats. Methods A total of 72 male SD rats (aged 8~10 weeks, weighing 200~10 g) were randomly divided into control group and mild and severe injured groups. After the model rats were inflicted with blast wave and thermal radiation, their physical parameters were detected and measured. The respiratory function of the survival rats was tested. In 24 h later, arterial blood gas analysis, blood biochemical tests, and detection for serum inflammatory factors and lung injury related protein levels were performed, and the pathological changes in the lung tissue and trachea were observed. Results The peak range of explosive blast wave overpressure was 209~493 kPa, and the temperature was 152~258 ℃. The mortality rate was 8.3% in the mild group and 53.1% in the severe group. Compared with the control group, longer inspiratory time (Ti) and relaxation time (Tr) and larger tidal volume (TV)(P < 0.05), while lower respiratory frequency (f) were observed in the 2 injured groups within 6 h after injury (P < 0.05). At 24 h after injury, the values of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), residual base value (BE) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) were increased significantly (P < 0.05), while partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) was decreased (P < 0.05). The serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TBI) and total bile acid (TBA) were notably elevated (P < 0.05). So were the levels of IL-1 β, TNF-α and IL-6 (P < 0.01). Various severities of hyperemia foci and inflammation in the tracheal mucosa were observed in the injured rats. The incidence of lung injury was high, and the pathological manifestations were dot-shaped hemorrhage to diffuse hemorrhage of the whole lobe, rupture of alveolar septum, thickening of septum, and infiltration of red blood cells and inflammatory cells. The levels of serum lung injury-related proteins were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Conclusion A rat model which can highly simulate mild to severe burn-blast combined injury is constructed, which can meet the needs for rat model in study of explosive burn-blast compound injury. The main characteristics of the injury are lung injury, respiratory dysfunction, liver damage and secondary infection.

The application of compressor blisk is one of the typical technologies of high-performance engines. However，due to its contact with high-speed airflow containing various solids，a variety of different forms of structural damage and performance degradation occur frequently，which seriously restricts the high performance，high reliability，and long-life operation of the engine. The remanufacturing technology of blisk based on repair is an effective way to solve the above problems. Aiming at the common basic problems in the process of repair and remanufacture of compressor blisk，this paper summarizes the historical evolution and technology development on the repairing and remanufacturing technology of blisk at home and abroad. According to the damage forms of geometric structure and service function，the damage reparable evaluation and design，fusion welding repair technology，pressure welding repair technology，brazing and laser beam additive manufacturing，surface treatment and optimization/strengthening technology are systematically expounded. The important issues such as the assessment and design，the development of technologies，and deep repair in the remanufacture of the blisk are explored in order to promote the rapid development and successive application of blisk remanufacturing technology.

Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a method to estimate biomechanical properties of soft tissues by recording shear wave propagation using MR imaging. The wave excitation is produced by an external actuator and the properties are inversely calculated based on the wave equation. Biomechanical properties of brain tissue, especially the viscoelastic properties, are closely related to the growth, aging, and disease of brain. This review first introduces the theoretical background of MRE, followed by the physical meaning of the viscoelastic parameters and wave equations used for inversion. Scanning protocols for MRE, along with a specific example focusing on brain MRE, are also described. The paper presents various clinical applications of brain MRE, with a specific emphasis on brain tumors and neurodegenerative diseases. The application of viscoelastic properties as biomarkers in fundamental scientific research, disease diagnosis, and prognosis is discussed. We further highlight the current trends in brain MRE research covering both technical and clinical aspects, providing a reference for future neuroscience research and clinical applications.

In order to improve the demulsification efficiency of highly emulsified oily wastewater, a hyperbranched polymer demulsifier HPO-1 was prepared by using hyperbranched polyethyleneimine HPEI and composite fatty acid monomer FO-1 as the main raw materials. Its structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance 1HNMR spectroscopy. The interfacial activity was evaluated, and the effects of demulsifier dosage,temperature, settling time, and wastewater salinity on the demulsification efficiency of HPO-1 were investigated. The performance of HPO-1 were compared with the on-site demulsifier XCP-16S. The results showed that the interfacial activity and demulsification performance of HPO-1 were significantly superior to XCP-16S. When the dosage of HPO-1 was 50 mg/L, the temperature was 30 ℃, the settling time was 30 minutes, and the salinity of wastewater was 8 350 mg/L, the oil removal efficiency could reach 90.8%, and the residual amount of HPO-1 in the aqueous phase after demulsification treatment was less than 0.5 mg/L. The hyperbranched polymer demulsifier HPO-1 had a good on-site demulsification treatment effect on strongly emulsified oily wastewater from an offshore oil production platform in A Oilfield. After settling time of over 30 minutes, the oil removal efficiency could reach over 90%. The research results showed that hyperbranched polymer demulsifier HPO-1 could meet the demand for fast and efficient demulsification of highly emulsified oily wastewater.

In the protologue of Indocalamus semifalcatus (H. R. Zhao et Y. L. Yang) T. P. Yi, there were only parts of vegetative organs reported. Based on field population investigation, indoor stereoscopic anatomy and scanning electron microscope (SEM), its reproductive organs, complete vegetative organs and micromorphological features of the abaxial leaf epidermis, were described and illustrated herein, and its geographical distribution was also updated. The results were as follows: (1) Reproductive organ features: panicle, spikelet and spike densely white pubescent, glume, pelea and lemma both smooth and glabrous, stamens 3, anthers purple, stigmas 2, white, feathery. (2) Vegetative features: culms up to 4.5 m tall, up to 2 cm in diameter, culm sheath auricle semifalcate or weak, culm sheath erect close to culm, foliage auricle weak or absent, ligule margin with densely ciliate; both sides of leaf blade homochromatic and glabrous. (3) Micromorphologic characteristics of the abaxial leaf: stomatal apparatus invisible, eight to ten elongated papillae covered the stomatal apparatus, silica bodies saddle-shaped, micro-hairs and macro-hairs both absent. (4) The new distribution area was Guanyin Mountain of Guiyang in Guizhou. The species is the most similar to I. longiauritus Hand.-Mazz., differed by culm sheath and leaf sheath with auricles semifalcate or rare, culm up to 4.5 m tall and 2 cm in diameter.

Three kinds of circular spline materials are studied for harmonic reducers, stainless steel 2Cr13, medium carbon alloy steel 40Cr, carbon 45 steel. Through the analysis of microstructure, hardness, three-dimensional and two-dimensional morphology in microwear and friction coefficient, the differences in wear resistance of different materials are attained. The results show that the microstructures of 2Cr13 and 40Cr are tempered sorbite, and the microstructure of 45 steel is ferrite and pearlite. The hardness of the 2Cr13 and 40Cr is similar and much larger than that of the 45 steel. The morphology of 2Cr13 is adhesion and spalling, and the wear mechanism is adhesion wear. The morphology of 40Cr and 45 steel is furrow and spalling, furrow and adhesion, and the wear mechanisms are abrasive wear. The friction coefficients' differences of the three materials are negligible, and the area of wear of 2Cr13, 40Cr and 45 steel are 5 008 μm2, 1 645 μm2 and 6 535 μm2. 40Cr exhibits better wear resistance than 2Cr13 with similar hardness. The hardness difference between 45 steel and the friction pair material is the largest, and the wear resistance of the 45 steel is the worst.

This study attempts to investigate the dynamic tensile mechanical properties of sandstone under freeze-thaw cycle by using the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB)test system to perform dynamic splitting tests on sandstone samples with freeze-thaw cycle 0, 10, 20 and 40 times at different impact speeds.Also adopting the high-speed digital image correlation (DIC), we observed the dynamic tensile failure process of the specimen, where we analyzed the strength characteristics, deformation process and failure form of frozen sandstone under dynamic tensile stress in different freeze-thaw cycles.Results show that 1)the dynamic tensile σ-t curves of frozen sandstone and ordinary sandstone exhibit similar patterns of stress variation under different freeze-thaw cycles, which can be divided into four stages: low speed growth section, high speed growth section, peak plateau section and decreasing section; 2)the peak tensile stress increases linearly with the increase of stress loading rate; 3)the peak tensile stress of frozen rock has a certain freeze-thaw cycle effect, and there is a strong correlation between the peak tensile stress and the number of freeze-thaw cycles.The dynamic tensile strength of frozen rock increases first and then decreases as the number of freeze-thaw cycles increases.Under the same impact pressure, the frozen rock specimen shows certain freeze-thaw cycle effect as the tensile strain at the center shows N=40>20>0>10 under 4 kinds of freeze-thaw cycles.

This study targets at asymmetric deformation of narrow coal pillar in gob-side entry driving.We put forward the bidirectional reinforcement of narrow pillar with opposite-crossing anchor cable.Specifically, we designed two types of anchor cable structure: the byelongation type and the expansion lock type, and carried out the pull-out test of opposite-crossing anchor cable, the test shows that both anchor cable structures could meet the tensile requirements.We conducted comparative analysis on the morphology of anchor cable failure, construction convenience and the economic aspect of material selection, where the expansion lock type crossed anchor was selected for narrow coal pillar bidirectional reinforcement.Furthermore, we investigated the bearing deformation patterns of coal pillars and the stress characteristics of anchor cables under different reinforcement methods through similar model tests and numerical simulation.Results show a 96.04% increase of peak load in the specimen reinforced by the double-row tight opposite-crossing anchor cable compared with that of the not reinforced specimen, and higher stability of the narrow pillar reinforced by the double-row tight opposite-crossing anchor cable as the rows of the anchor cable increases in number.The expansion lock anchor type crossed cable improved the energy storage and the critical failure point before the coal pillar was destroyed.Finally, the engineering test of expansive lock type crossed anchor cable to reinforcing narrow coal pillar was carried out in the transportation roadway of 123 lower 04 working face of Jining No.3 Coal Mine.The monitoring show that the anchoring force of the anchor cable exceeded 220kN, with 70& reduction of the coal pillar in the reinforcement area and good overall stability of the narrow coal pillar.It proves the feasibility of the bidirectional reinforcement technology of narrow pillar and provides new technical way for gob-side entry driving.

This paper investigated the impact of different b-value acquisition ranges (from 0 to 2 500 s/mm2) on the quantitative parameter calculation of six body diffusion models, including mono-exponential (Mono), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), stretch exponential model (SEM), fractional-order calculus model (FROC), and continuous time random walk model (CTRW). The influence of different b-value acquisition ranges on parameter calculation was evaluated through correlation between diffusion model parameters, t-test, and the ability to differentiate benign and malignant prostate lesions. The results showed that compared with that of the reference sampling scheme (0~2 500 s/mm2), the difference of the mean value of region of interest (ROI) with the same diffusion parameters gradually increases as the maximum b-value decreases, but the correlation decreases only slightly, and the ability to differentiate between benign and malignant prostate lesions remains at a similar level. Based on the experimental results, a b-value range of 0~1 500 s/mm2 is recommended for clinical practice, because this scheme takes collection efficiency into account, the correlation of more than half of its parameters with those of the reference sampling scheme is not less than 0.98, and the difference in the values of area under the curve (AUC) between benign and malignant differentiation is less than 0.01. In addition, the sensitivity of different diffusion models to the b-value scheme varies, with the parameters of SEM and CTRW models being relatively less affected by the b-value range.

In order to improve the resource utilization of steel slag and further degrade organic pollutants，a series of steel slag/nitrogen-doped modified activated carbon composites materials were prepared by changing the calcination temperature in ammonia and used to activate sodium persulfate to treat Rhodamine B wastewater. The pore structure and surface properties of the composites were characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption，XRD and XPS. The results showed that the introduction of nitrogen could improve the interaction between active metal and activated carbon in the composites，thus improving the catalytic activity of the composites. With the optimal composite 60%GZ/AC-N800 as the research object，under the condition temperature 35 ℃，2 g/L PS and wide pH（3-11），the removal rate of Rhodamine B（100 mg/L） could reach 88.7%-92.2% after 30 min. The kinetic analysis showed that 60%GZ/AC-N800 composite catalyzed the degradation of RhB by PS in line with the quasi-second-order kinetics. Free radical masking experiments showed that the degradation process was an oxidation process involving both free radical pathways（SO4·- and ·OH） and non-free radical pathways（1O2）.

Objective To preliminarily investigate the anti-tumor effects of phytosphingosine (PHS) and the involvement of inducing apoptosis of leukemia cells. Methods Cellular model of leukemia was established in leukemia cell lines K562 and SUP-B15.CCK-8 assay and EdU assay were used to measure the viability and DNA synthesis of K562 and SUP-B15 cells.RNA-seq was carried out to verify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after PHS treatment.Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were applied to analyze the involved functions and signaling pathways.Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) and Discovery Studio software were employed to predict the underlying targets of PHS and molecular docking.Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated by JC-1 probe, and protein expression of key molecules was validated by Western blotting. Results PHS inhibited the proliferation of K562 and SUP-B15 cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner.The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of K562 cells was 17.67 and 12.52 μmol/L for 24 and 48 h, respectively, and the IC50 value of SUP-B15 cells was 17.58 and 14.86 μmol/L for 24 and 48 h, respectively.PHS treatment at a dose of 20 μmol/L for 48 h resulted in significant inhibition of DNA synthesis.GO enrichment analysis of the K562 cells showed that PHS might be involved in positive regulation of apoptotic process, plasma membrane and its integral components, and protein kinase binding and activity.Reverse predictive analysis showed that BCL-2 protein was the most likely target of PHS.PHS significantly increased the apoptotic rate of leukemia cells (P < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner, reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential, and down-regulated BCL-2 level (P < 0.05) and up-regulated the levels of Cleaved caspase-3 and Cleaved caspase-9(P < 0.05). Conclusion PHS may inhibit the proliferation of leukemia cells by inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, possibly through PHS and BCL-2 interaction.

Since the 20th century, earth-rockfill dam instability accidents have occurred frequently all over the world. In order to systematically summarize the current status and hotspots of research on earth-rockfill dam stability and analyze the future development trend of earth-rockfill dam stability, this paper sorted out the factors of earth-rockfill dam instability found by Chinese and foreign scholars and carried out a comparative analysis. Since The instability modes of earth-rockfill dams are complex and varied, the research on the different instability modes of earth-rockfill dams by Chinese and foreign scholars was summarized. In terms of theoretical calculation, the calculation models developed by Chinese and foreign scholars for the instability of earth-rockfill dams were systematically sorted out, and the applicability of different calculation models was compared. In order to quantitatively and visually analyze the research hotspots and trends of Chinese and foreign scholars on the instability of earth-rockfill dam, CiteSpace was used to analyze 1 197 papers on the stability of earth-rockfill dam in CNKI and Web of Science in the past 15 years from 2009 to 2023, and the research dynamics of the field in the past 15 years were comprehensively and visually analyzed according to the author groups, research institutions, and keyword clustering. The development trend of the existing research, as well as the related problems and future research work, were discussed and prospected from a macro perspective. The future research direction of the stability of earth-rockfill dams, as well as the difficulties and hotspots of the current research were summarized.

To investigate the corrosion behavior of NiCrAl-NiC sealing coating in high-temperature molten salt environments，NiCrAl-NiC sealing coating was prepared using atmospheric plasma spraying technology. By measuring the weight loss of NiCrAl-NiC sealing coating，the dynamic changes of the coating were studied. The thermal corrosion behavior of NiCrAl-NiC sealing coating in a mixture of thiochlorate（75% Na2SO4 + 25% NaCl）at 650 ℃ was discussed using scanning electron microscopy（SEM），X-ray diffraction（XRD），laser confocal microscopy，and other methods. The results show that after 10 h of hot corrosion experiments，the NiCrAl-NiC sealing coating exhibites a rapid weight gain state，with a weight gain rate of 32.041 mg2·cm–4·h–1. After conducting a 20 h hot corrosion experiment，the coating experienced weight loss due to the detachment of the surface oxide film. After 30 h of hot corrosion，the growth of the facial mask on the coating surface covers the entire coating. The surface morphology of the coating is uniform，and the surface pores are reduced，which can play a good role in protecting the substrate. Under the protection of a complete oxide film，the mass change rate of the NiCrAl-NiC sealing coating after a 40 h hot corrosion experiment is 0.064 mg2·cm–4·h–1. Through XRD testing，it is found that the composition of the oxide film on the surface of the coating after hot corrosion is mainly NiO and NiCr2O4. During the hot corrosion process，the spinel structure of NiCr2O4 hinders the hot corrosion of the coating，which is the main reason for the slow corrosion process of the coating.

Objective: In order to explore the extraction method and antioxidant activity of crude polysaccharide from edible fungus resources of reed. Methods: The characteristic Agrocybe praecox of reed edible fungus of Dongting Lake District was used as raw material, the extraction rate of polysaccharide was used as the index, and the extraction was carried out by ultrasonic-assisted hot water alcohol precipitation method. After taking the liquid-material ratio, ultrasonic extraction time, ultrasonic extraction power, hot water extraction temperature, hot water extraction time as the factors to finish the single factor experiments. Then the experiments was optimized by Box-Behnken center combined experimental design for the crude polysaccharide extraction process of Agrocybe praecox. The scavenging abilities of the crude polysaccharide on DPPH· free radical and ABTS+· free radical were also studied. Results: The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were determined: the ratio of solid to liquid of 1∶50 (g/mL), ultrasonic extraction time of 20 min, eextraction power of 150 W, Hot water extraction temperature of 80 ℃, extraction time of 4 h. Under the conditions, the extraction rate of crude polysaccharide was 5.08%. The scavenging rates of DPPH· and ABTS+· were 55.05% and 58.47%, respectively. The semi-inhibitory concentrations of IC50 were 1.03 and 0.28 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Under the optimal process parameters of ultrasonic-assisted hot water extraction, the extraction rate of polysaccharide is high, and the crude polysaccharide has a certain antioxidant activity in vitro.

Objective: In order to improve the yield of oryzanol of rice bran. Methods: Rice bran was selected as the research subject, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis were selected as solid-state fermentation strains through single-factor experiments. The mixed bacterial solid-state fermentation process was optimized by Box-Behnken response surface method combined with the single factor experiments, based on the content of oryzanol. The antioxidant activity of the fermentation extracts was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging assays. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） was used to analyze the principle of oryzanol enrichment in mixed bacterial solid-state fermentation. Results: Under the of mixed bacterial treatment of saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis, the optimal fermentation conditions for rice bran oryzanol was determined to be a fermentation time of 44 h, a fermentation temperature of 34 ℃, an inoculum size of 10%, and a moisture content of 40%. Under these conditions, the oryzanol content was （7.816±0.038） mg/g, which was 1.9 times higher than that of unfermented rice bran. The extracts prepared by mixed bacterial solid-state fermentation exhibited strong DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activity, with IC50 values of （0.220±0.007）, （0.409±0.014） mg/mL, respectively. These values represented a reduction of 28.6% and 39.7% compared to unfermented rice bran. SEM observation revealed showed that that the surface of rice bran tissue had less oil, a looser and more porous structure after mixed bacterial solid-state fermentation, which was more conducive to the release of rice bran oryzanol. Conclusion: Mixed solid-state fermentation of bacteria significantly increases the oryzanol content and antioxidant activity of rice bran.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of cold snare polypectomy (CSP) versus hot snare polypectomy (HSP) in the treatment of colorectal polyps with a diameter of 10-15 mm. Methods A total of 138 patients who underwent colonoscopy and planned to undergo polypectomy (at least one colorectal polyp with a maximum diameter of 10-15 mm) in Department of Gastroenterology, Laoshan Branch of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, from June 2022 to February 2023 were randomly divided into CSP group with 76 patients and HSP group with 62 patients. The two groups were compared in terms of the efficacy of polypectomy (complete resection rate and en bloc resection rate) and safety indicators (proportion of patients with intraoperative bleeding, delayed bleeding, intraoperative perforation, delayed perforation, and postoperative reactive serocolitis). Results The HSP had a complete resection rate of 98.4% and an en bloc resection rate of 96.8%, while the CSP group had a complete resection rate of 97.3% and an en bloc resection rate of 98.7%; there were no significant differences in the above efficacy indicators between the two groups (P>0.05). In the CSP group, 2 patients experienced intraoperative bleeding, while there were no patients with delayed bleeding, intraoperative and delayed perforation, or reactive serocolitis, and a total of 82 titanium clips were used in 71 patients; in the HSP group, 1 patient experienced intraoperative bleeding, 2 patients experienced delayed bleeding, and 4 patients developed reactive serocolitis, while there were no patients with intraoperative and delayed perforation, and a total of 72 titanium clips were used in 61 patients. There were no significant differences in the above safety indicators between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion CSP is safe and effective in removing colorectal polyps with a diameter of 10-15 mm and is thus re-commended for clinical application.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of different knee arthroscopic medial collateral ligament release techniques in the treatment of patients with medial meniscus posterior horn injury and their prognoses. Methods A total of 54 patients with medial meniscus posterior horn injury who underwent surgical treatment at the Department of Sports Medicine in our hospital from June to August 2021 were enrolled. They were divided into group A (who underwent knee arthroscopic percutaneous outside-in, superficial release) and group B (who underwent knee arthroscopic inside-out, anteromedial release) based on the conditions and wishes of the patients. The two groups of patients were recorded and compared for surgical duration and follow-up outcomes of the following indices at 1, 3, and 12 months after surgery: local symptom duration, visual analogue score of knee pain, Lysholm score of knee joints, International Knee Documentations Committee Rating System-based score, and knee joint range of motion score. Results There was no significant difference in surgical duration between the two groups of patients (P>0.05), but the local symptom duration in group B was significantly shorter than that in group A (t=11.950,P0.05). Conclusion For patients with simple medial meniscus posterior horn injury, it is recommended to use knee arthroscopic anteromedial inside-out, superficial release if the surgeons are confident of the condition.

Based on introducing the technical characteristics of FY-3G, which is China's first precipitation measurement satellite and successfully launched at 09∶36 BT on April 16 in 2023, this paper focuses on the precipitation detection capabilities and application prospect in rainstorm monitoring of FY-3G. The results show that, with an orbit at 407 km and an inclination angle of 50°, and equipped with a dual-frequency Ka/Ku band precipitation measurement radar, microwave, and optical imaging instruments, the FY-3G satellite can detect the three-dimensional structure of disastrous weather systems such as typhoon, heavy rainfall, and other strong convection events in most of China. At the design level, FY-3G has precipitation detection capabilities comparable to the current US Second Generation Global Precipitation Measurement Program (GPM) Core Satellite (GPMCO), but better payload types, quantities, and channel settings compared with the GPMCO satellite. After the service operation, the FY-3G satellite, together with other polar-orbiting meteorological satellites such as FY-3 AM, PM, and EM, as well as high-orbit geostationary satellites, will form the Fengyun precipitation detection constellation system, which will improve the overall precipitation detection capability of the Fengyun Satellite constellation and provide stronger basic support for meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation.

[Objective] The physical and chemical properties and water characteristics of substrates under different eroded microhabitats were studied to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the driving and limiting mechanisms of vegetation settlement and restoration, and to provide scientific references for the practice of vegetation reconstruction in early abandoned mining areas in the North China. [Methods] The mechanical composition, bulk density, capillary porosity, pH value, electrical conductivity, and moisture characteristics of bare slopes, rills, shallow gullies, and deposit bodies were studied, and the relationships between them were analyzed. [Results] Particle size matrices varied among different eroded microhabitats, and there were differences among different soil layers. The bulk density of the substrates in different eroded microhabitats followed the order of shallow gully>rill>bare slope>deposit body, while capillary pore size followed the order of deposit body>bare slope>shallow gully>rill. There were no significant differences in the pH value of different eroded microhabitats, but there were differences in the changes in different soil layers. Electrical conductivity followed the order of deposit body>bare slope>shallow gully>rill, and was higher in the 10—20 cm soil layer than in the 0—10 cm soil layer. The matrix moisture content and capillary water capacity of different eroded microhabitats followed the order of deposit body>bare slope>shallow gully>rill. The matrix moisture content and capillary water capacity of the bare slope and the shallow gully were the lowest on the upper slope, while they were lowest for the rill on the middle slope. [Conclusion] The substrate moisture characteristics of weathered gangue dumps were significantly affected by bulk density and capillary porosity. There were relatively more sand and medium-coarse grain particles in bare slopes and deposit bodies of weathered gangue dumps, and the moisture characteristics were superior. Bare slopes and deposit bodies can provide a safe habitat for vegetation settlement and restoration.

The large-inertia artillery has complex structure and high coupling between components. Due to the processing technology, the error between motor shaft position and the actual load position is inevitable and hardly to be compensated. The situation get worse when the system running in high speed, where the error changes more violently and so-called "vibration" phenomenon shows up. The study establishes a detailed mode of servo system including double-motor control, position-loop control, moment model of gears, and feedback of position sensors. Then a position tracking algorithm with terminal sliding mode control is proposed and verified in artillery system. The experiment shows that this algorithm effectively eliminates the "vibration" phenomenon, enables the servo computer to directly use the load position of the artillery as the control variable, and improves the position tracking accuracy and operational stability of artillery system.

ObjectiveTo propose a method based on intraoperative ankle acupoint X-ray fluoroscopy to determine the safe area of screw fixation surgery for posterior ankle fractures using the posteromedial vertical syndesmotic line(PVSL). MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 21 cases of Lauge-Hansen type Ⅲ-Ⅳ posterior malleolar fractures fixed with hollow screws in Danyang peoples Hospital from October 2019 to June 2021. During the operation, the radiological safety area was determined the screw which located within 1-2 mm of the tibia side of PVSL under ankle acupoint fluoroscopy of C-arm X-ray machine, and the quality of screw placement was evaluated by three-dimensional reconstruction of multi-slice spiral CT scan after operation. ResultsUnder intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy, the posterior ankle screw was inserted within 1-2mm of the tibial side of the PVSL, and no screw entered the lower tibiofibular joint. The posterior ankle fracture block was effectively fixed. The follow-up time was 12-18(15.24 ±4.37） months. Among 21 patients, there were no complication such as sural nerve injury, abnormal hallux flexion, and all incisions healed in grade A. There was no re-displacement, delayed union, or non union of the fractures. One year after surgery, the ankle joint AOFAS score was(86.74 ± 10.84), and the excellent and good rate was 95.2%. ConclusionUnder intraoperatiue X-ray fluoroscopy, the placement of posterior ankle screws within 1-2mm of the tibial side of PVSL can improve the accuracy of screw placement and avoid injury caused by screw entry into the lower tibiofibular joint. PVSL can provide an imaging reference for the safe range of implant placement in posterior ankle fractures.

Plasma spray-physical vapor deposition(PS-PVD) technology which has many characteristics of the multi-structure regulation, provides the possibility for the preparation of thermal barrier coatings with high thermal insulation and long life. It is one of the key technology to realize the development of high performance aero-engine. The unique microstructure of PS-PVD columnar structure coatings has dual advantages of high thermal insulation and long thermal cycle life, and has broad application prospects in the field of thermal barrier coatings for aircraft engines. However, the process control of PS-PVD columnar structure coating is achieved on the basis of a large number of experiments, and there is a lack of relevant theoretical research. Moreover, the CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2(CMAS) corrosion failure problem faced by the columnar structure coating with high porosity restricts the use of the coating. The influence of deposition unit phase states on the coating structure was described from the structural characteristics of the coating, and the vapor deposition mechanism of columnar coating was revealed. Based on the phase transition of coating material in the jet, the essence of process parameters regulation was clarified. In addition, the corrosion mechanism of CMAS and the corrosion resistance mechanism of Al-modified coating were investigated. Finally, the structure control and performance improvement of PS-PVD coating and the application of PS-PVD technology in environmental barrier coatings and functional films were prospected.

Environmental persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are new environmental pollutants with long half-life, stability and persistence, and have serious environmental toxicity effects. EPFRs can be formed in the process of organic solid waste combustion through the thermochemical decomposition of organic precursors on the surface of environmental media. At present, the research on EPFRs in combustion process is still at the initial stage. In order to clarify the generation mechanism of EPFRs in combustion system, this review systematically summarizes relevant studies on surface EPFRs of combustion source particulates, briefly describes the types of EPFRs and their detection and analysis methods. The distribution characteristics of surface EPFRs from combustion source particulate matter, the formation mechanism of EPFRs formed by transition metal redox, and the influence of external factors such as oxygen content and light on the formation of EPFRs are summarized. The formation and evolution of EPFRs under different temperature gradients are discussed, and the future research directions are prospected. It is proposed that the competitive reaction and synergistic behaviors between organic precursors and transition metal oxides on the particle surface of combustion source under multifactorial coupling are important to reveal the mechanism of EPFRs generation, as well as the core content of understanding the evolutionary control of EPFRs from the microscopic molecular scale, which is expected to provide direction and basis for controlling EPFRs formation in organic solid waste combustion process.

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib in the treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) by meta-analysis. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP Database, China Biology Medicine disc were searched for the full literature on studies of anlotinib for the treatment of ES-SCLC published from database establishment to November 2022. Other 2 investigators were responsible for screening the literature and extracting data independently according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Revman 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis of the data. Results A total of 6 RCTs were included for analysis studies, with a total of 302 patients. Meta analysis suggested that anlotinib significantly prolonged progression free survival of ES-SCLC (HR=0.12, 95%CI: 0.07 to 0.21, P

Objective To analyze the miRNAs expression profile of the amygdala of mice with chronic stress-induced anxiety disorder and explore the key miRNAs and their possible targets. Methods Eight-week -old C57BL/6 male mice with body weight ranging from 18 g to 22 g were randomly divided into anxiety disorder group (n=12) and control group (n=12). The anxiety disorder group have been restrained in narrow space for 10 consecutive days (2 h/d) to create a mouse model of anxiety disorder, while the control group accepted no stress. After the modeling was completed, the anxiety-like behavior of mice was detected by elevated cross maze experiment, open field experiment and light and dark box experiment. Transcriptome sequencing was used to detect the expression of miRNAs in the amygdala of mice between the anxiety disorder group and the control group. The target genes of differentially expressed miRNA were predicted by miRanda. Functional annotation was conducted by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, and signal pathway analysis by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database to explore the important miRNAs in the amygdala that play a role in anxiety disorders. The key miRNAs explored before were quantitatively detected by RT-qPCR. Results The anxiety disorder group showed significant anxiety-like behavior in elevated cross maze, open field and light and dark box experiments. Compared with the control group, the mice in the anxiety disorder group had 35 differentially expressed miRNAs in the amygdala. The results of GO function analysis showed that the predicted target genes were significantly enriched in the functions related to plasticity regulation of synaptic, while the results of KEGG signal pathway analysis showed that the differential miRNA predicted target genes were obviously enriched in signal transduction and cancer-related signaling pathways. The expression of miR-128-2-5p in the anxiety disorder group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), while the expression of miR-10b-5p, miR-200a-3p, miR-200b-3p and miR-429-3p in the anxiety disorder group were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Among them, the extents of changes of miR-128-2-5p and miR-200a-3p were consistent with the transcriptome sequencing results. Conclusion The key miRNA molecule miR-128-2-5p and its downstream target genes bmpr2, irf6 and rbfox3 may become the potential therapeutic targets for anxiety disorders.

BackgroundIon cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) heating is one of the most widely used auxiliary heating methods in tokamaks. The HL-3 tokamak plans to equip a 6 MW ICRF heating system to conduct discharge experiments of high-performance plasma.PurposeThis study optimizes the parameters of ICRF using numerical simulations with the purpose of supporting the reactor-level plasma in HL-3 in future.MethodsOn the basis of NBI heating in the HL-3 device, ICRF heating was considered, and the TRANSP code was employed to explore the influence of ICRF frequency and power in HL-3 on the neutron emission rate, as well as the distribution of fast ions. The ICRF frequency range was between 25 MHz and 40 MHz, and the ICRF power range was between 1 MW and 6 MW. The neutron signals based on the concept of neutron camera diagnosis were also simulated.ResultsThe simulation results show that the ICRF frequency and power significantly influence the neutron emission rate. The neutron emission rate is directly proportional to the ICRF heating power at a fixed ICRF frequency whilst the increase in the neutron emission rate significantly depends on the ICRF frequency when the ICRF heating power is fixed. Among the investigated parameters, the ICRF with a frequency of 30 MHz yields the maximum increase in the neutron emission rate. The simulation results of fast ions demonstrate that the synergetic heating of neutral beam injection and ICRF can heat fast ions up to 1 MeV after considering ICRF heating, which effectively increases the neutron emission rate. The simulation results of neutron camera indicate that neutron camera can effectively measure the changes in neutron emission rate and distribution profile caused by ICRF heating.ConclusionsThe simulation results demonstrate that the appropriate selection of the ICRF frequency and power can effectively increase the neutron emission rate in HL-3 experiments, the optimal combination of ICRF frequency/power is 30 MHz/6 MW for the scenario analyzed in this study. The simulation of neutron camera for HL-3 provides a reference for designing future neutron camera systems and measuring neutron spatial distributions.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of liraglutide on acute cerebral infarction (ACI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and its effect on neurological function and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Methods A total of 160 patients with ACI accompanied by T2DM admitted to Haikou People's Hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 were randomly divided into observation group and control group (n=80, each). Both groups of patients were given routine treatment for ACI. On this basis, the control group was treated with insulin aspart and insulin glargine, while the observation group was treated with liraglutide and insulin glargine. Both groups received continuous treatment for 3 months. In addition to clinical efficacy, fasting blood glucose (FBG) before and after treatment, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores of two groups of patients was compared. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of serum VEGF and bFGF before treatment and after 1 and 3 months of treatment in both groups. Results After treatment, the levels of FBG, bFGF, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and the scores of NIHSS and mRS in the observation group decreased compared to those before treatment, and the above indicators levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The total clinical effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group ［95.00%(76/80) vs 83.75%(67/80), χ2=5.331, P=0.021］. After treatment, the levels of serum VEGF and bFGF showed a gradual downward trend in both groups (P＜0.05). After 1 month and 3 months of treatment, the serum VEGF and bFGF levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Liraglutide combined with insulin glargine can effectively control blood sugar, reduce insulin resistance, alleviate neurological damage, upregulate serum VEGF and bFGF levels, and improve clinical efficacy in T2DM patients with ACI.

In order to study the deformation and failure mechanism of the roof in end slope mining, a mechanical model of the two-end fixed beam was established, combined with the theory of elasticity to derive the calculation equations for the stress and displacement of the roof, and to consider the effect of the extrusion of the overlying weak rock layer of the rib pillar on the deformation of the roof, and finally, the analysis obtained the stress distribution and deformation law of the roof. The research shows that the distribution of normal stresses in the roof is parabolic with a secondary axisymmetric distribution at the center of the roadway, and the maximum tensile stress is at the center of the bottom of the roadway. The maximum tensile stress and the maximum shear stress on the roof increase continuously with the increase of mining progress. The location of the middle of the bottom surface of the roof first shows tensile failure, and then gradually changes to shear failure at the contact location with the coal pillars. The value of u at the bottom of the roof rock beam shows a trend of first decreasing, then increasing, and finally decreasing as x increases, but lateral extrusion has little effect on the horizontal displacement of the roof. The displacement component ν of the roof shows a parabolic variation law with x opening upward. The absolute value of displacement |ν| considering the simultaneous action of vertical compression and lateral extrusion is the most obvious.

Objective To explore the effect of intraoperative blood pressure management on the time of extubation after awakening from laparoscopic gastrointestinal tumor surgery in patients with high cardiovascular risk. Methods Clinical data of 198 patients who underwent laparoscopic gastrointestinal tumor surgery from July 2020 to November 2021 and met the inclusion criteria were collected from the medical record system of our hospital. According to the intraoperative blood pressure management, they were divided into routine blood pressure group (intraoperative mean arterial pressure ≥65 mmHg) and intensive blood pressure group (intraoperative mean arterial pressure ≥80 mmHg). Their extubation time, Steward recovery score, sleep, incidence of nausea and vomiting, hoarseness, pain and other conditions were recorded. For sensitivity analysis, multiple linear regression, inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and overlap weighting were respectively used to balance the influence of confounding factors, and the differences of main observation indexes of different blood pressure levels were analyzed. Standard mean difference (SMD) was used as the evaluation index of the equilibrium between groups. Linear regression was performed after propensity matching. To judge the relationship between intraoperative blood pressure management and postoperative extubation time, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The extubation time was significantly shorter in the intensive blood pressure group than the routine blood pressure group (42.56±25.88 vs 79.15±39.45 min, P < 0.001). Conclusion Intraoperative intensive blood pressure management strategy can shorten the postoperative extubation time after laparoscopic gastrointestinal tumor surgery.

【Objective】 Biochar has been widely used to amend degraded soils to improve their quality and fertility. The aim of this paper is to investigate the change in hydraulic properties of clay soils after being amended by cotton biochar. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in repacked columns, with soil in the top 20 cm being amended by biochar at weight ratio 0 (C0), 1% (C0), 2% (C2) and 4% (C4), respectively. Each biochar amendment was associated with three irrigation treatments: 4 200 (W1), 5 100 (W2) and 6 000 m3/hm2 (W3). For each treatment, we measured the advance of wetting front in the column, cumulative infiltration and infiltration rate, as well as water distribution in the soil. 【Result】 Biochar amendment enhanced water infiltration, with the enhancement increasing with biochar application amount. Compared with C0, C1, C2 and C3 increased initial infiltration rate, average infiltration rate, steady infiltration rate by 6.5%, 22.8% and 32.0%; 6.9%, 16.8% and 21.4%; and 1.4%, 38.6% and 40.9%, respectively. After the infiltration front crossed the top 20cm of soil layer, compared to C0, C1, C2 and C3 increased the cumulative infiltration by 5.0%, 6.0% and 9.8%, and soil water content at the column bottom by 1.2%, 4.5% and 6.3%, respectively. Overall, the cumulative infiltration increased with biochar application amount. On average, approximately 63.6%, 53.3% and 46.6% of the irrigated water in W1, W2 and W3 was stored in the soils, and the capacity the top 20 cm of soil layer to hold water increased with the biochar application amount. 【Conclusion】 Amending clay soil by cotton-stalk biochar improved its ability to store and infiltrate water. The improved ability of the amended top 20 cm soil layer was positively correlated with biochar application amount. Water percolation and evaporation was affected by irrigation amount more than by biochar amendment. Our results have implications for improving physical quality and productivity of clay soils.