Search

【Objective】In October 2023, skin ulceration, subcutaneous hemorrhage and enteritis appeared in a breeding base of Epinephelus coioides in Shenzhen, China. We clarified the causative organisms that triggered the sudden death of E. coioides and their biological characteristics, and screened the disinfectant that effectively inhibited the causative organisms, with an aim to provide theoretical guidance for the scientific prevention and control of E. coioides infected with Vibrio alginolyticus.【Method】The pathogen of V. alginolyticus was isolated from the diseased tissues of the dying E. coioides by streak plate method, the morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical properties, phylogenetic tree, virulence genes and resistance genes as well as drug sensitivity of the pathogen were investigated, and regression infection tests were carried out.【Result】A dominant strain was isolated from the diseased tissues of E. coioides and named as strain SZGP226. The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that, the sequence of strain SZGP226 was homologous to V. alginolyticus HH101307, IB1 and Xmb015, with a similarity of 99.72%. The strain was identified as positive in physiological and biochemical indexes such as sucrose, mannitol, glucose, urea, oxidase activity and V-P, and it also carried five virulence genes, namely, tlh, toxR, ctsA, sto and vpi. The results of drug sensitivity showed that strain SZGP226 was resistant to 9 antibiotics like ampicillin and benzoxacillin, and carried 9 resistance genes including qnrB, floR, tetC, tetM, qnrD, gyrA, Sul1, SHV, and Oxa-24. The screening results of disinfectants showed that, sodium hydroxide had the best bactericidal effect, and its minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) was 8 mg/mL. The regression infection test showed that strain SZGP226 was strongly pathogenic to the E. coioides, with a LC50 of 1.63×107 CFU/mL, and it could cause obvious pathological damage to the liver, kidney and spleen of the E. coioides.【Conclusion】V. alginolyticus was the main pathogenic bacterium for the sudden death of the E. coioides, and its causative genes included tlh, toxR, ctsA, sto and vpi, and the LC50 was 1.63×107 CFU/mL. Sodium hydroxide (3 mg/mL) showing the best bactericidal effect on strain bactericidal effect could be selected to clean up the culture environment before aquaculture was carried out.

【Objective】The study was conducted to investigate the causes of sudden death of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in a bass culture base in Shenzhen-Shanwei Special Cooperation Zone, and reveal the biological characteristics of the Pathogen, with an aim to provide theoretical reference for disease prevention, treatment and prevention in breeding largemouth bass.【Method】A dominant bacterial strain, named SZNH-S20230817, was isolated from the liver, spleen, intestine and lesion tissues of the diseased largemouth bass, and the isolate was subsequently subjected to morphological characteristics observation, physiological and biochemical characteristics identification, artificial infection experiment, drug sensitivity test, MIC and MBC determination, 16S rRNA sequencing, identification of resistance genes and virulence genes to analyse its drug resistance and pathology.【Result】The results showed that the extended 16S rRNA sequence of SZNH-S20230817 had a 99.38% homology with Aeromonas caviae AP019195, and also carried four virulence genes, including aer, act, lip and fla. The results of physiological and biochemical identification showed that, indole, oxidase, phenylalanine, mannitol, xylose, arginine dihydrolysate and glucose acid production of the strain were positive, and the strain SZNH-S20230817 was identified as Aeromonas caviae. Regression infection revealed that the strain SZNH-S20230817 was highly pathogenic, with an LC50 of 1.39×107 CFU/mL for largemouth bass. The results of drug sensitivity tests showed that the bacterium was resistant to 12 antibiotics such as cefazolin, kanamycin, tetracycline and vancomycin, ampicillin, and clindamycin, and also carried 13 resistance genes such as qnrS, catI, emrB, Sul1, rmtB and etc. Histopathological analysis showed that infection with the strain SZNH-S20230817 could cause swelling and freeing of splenocytes, fracture and rupture of intestinal mucosa, shedding of villi, necrosis of renal cells, infiltration of inflammatory cells and vacuolisation of hepatic cells in the fish. The results of in vitro bacterial inhibition tests showed that the bacterium had low MIC and MBC against rheum officinale and gallnut, and the remaining seven herbs had weak inhibition against the bacterium.【Conclusion】Aeromonas caviae is the pathogen that causes the sudden death of largemouth bass, which carries four virulence genes of aer, act, lip and fla, and has an LC50 of 1.39×107 CFU/mL against largemouth bass. It is resistant to antibiotics such as cefazolin, kanamycin and tetracycline. Low dose of rheum officinale and gallnut can inhibit the growth of the bacterium effectively, with good preventive and inhibitory effects.

【Objective】In recent years, probiotics have been widely used in aquaculture, but the probiotics derived from Trachinotus ovatus been rarely reported. In the study, a strain was isolated from the intestine of Trachinotus ovatus and its biological characteristics were analyzed, which provided a theoretical basis its application in T. ovatus culture.【Method】The bacteria were isolated and identified through the sterile collection of intestinal contents from the healthy T. ovatus. And the morphological observation, gram staining, biochemical identification, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, drug sensitivity test, salt tolerance test, acid production ability, growth curve determination, and virulence gene identification of the typical bacterial colonies were performed.【Result】Based on the morphological characteristics, gram staining results biochemical characteristics, and 16S rRNA gene sequence alignment of the isolated bacterium, the results showed that it shared 100% similarities with Enterococcus faecalis, therefore, the isolated bacterium was identified as E. faecalis. The colony of the isolated strain was light grayish white, and Gram-positive. The biochemical indicators including esculin, cellobios, maltose, mannose and salicylic acid were tested positive. The results of the drug sensitivity test showed that the isolated bacterium exhibited varying degrees of resistance to drugs such as piperacillin, polymyxin B, penicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and oxacillin, exhibited intermediate sensitivity to ciprofloxacin, medemycin and ceftriaxone and sensitive to 11 drugs such as vancomycin, cefoperazone, ofloxacin and etc. The results of the salt tolerance test showed that the isolated strain could grow at 0%-8% NaCl concentrations, showing salt tolerance to some extent. The results of acid production capacity and growth curve measurements indicated that the pH of the culture media rapidly decreased and the acid production capacity was enhanced as the proliferation of the strain. The identification results of virulence genes showed that the isolated strains possessed four virulence genes including efaA, agg, as and fsrA.【Conclusion】A potential probiotic strain was successfully isolated from the intestine of T. ovatus and identified as E. faecalis. The isolated strain has good salt tolerance and acid production capability, and it contains functional genes associated with intestinal adhesion, which will provide a theoretical basis for further application of the strain.

【Objective】The study aims to screen the formula of vacuum freeze-drying protective agent for Vibrio alginolyticus, optimize the freeze-drying process conditions, and explore the influence of freeze-drying on the virulence and drug sensitivity of the strains, with a view to providing a theoretical basis for the application of freeze-drying in the preservation of the strains.【Method】With Vibrio alginolyticus HY9901 as the research object, the vacuum freeze-drying technology was used to freeze-dry the strains. Through single factor test and orthogonal test, the effects of six single cryoprotectants (L-glutamate sodium, trehalose, skim milk, glucose, mannitol and glycine) on the activity of the strains were investigated, and the optimal formula of cryoprotectants was selected. The influences of four factors, namely, concentration of bacterial solution, pre-freezing time, pre-freezing temperature and rehydration medium, on the freeze-drying process of strains were studied, and the freeze-drying process conditions for Vibrio alginolyticus were optimized. At the same time, storage test, LD50 test and antimicrobial susceptibility test were used to investigate the changes in the activity of lyophilized strains and their of biological characteristics.【Result】There were significant differences in the protective effects of 6 cryoprotectants on lyophilized Vibrio alginolyticus, and the effects from strongest to weakest showed as: L-glutamate sodium, trehalose, skim milk, glucose, mannitol and glycine. The optimum freeze-drying compound formula of cryoprotectants was trehalose 50 g/L+ L-glutamate sodium 50 g/L+ skim milk 50 g/L, with a survival rate of 62.12%, which was significantly different from that of single cryoprotectant. The optimal conditions of freeze-drying process were as follows: bacterial solution concentration 1×108-109 CFU/mL, pre-freezing time 3 h, pre-freezing temperature -80 ℃, rehydration medium PBS or 50 g/L skim milk, under which the activity of the strains could reach the maximum of 63.72%. There was no significant difference in the activity of the strains during 60 days of storage under optimal freeze-drying conditions. The LD50 values of the strains before and after freeze-drying were 1.22×108 CFU/mL and 1.20×108 CFU/mL, respectively, with no significant difference in LD50. There was no significant difference in the diameter of the antimicrobial inhibition zone before and after freeze-drying, and the strains were sensitive to florfenicol, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin and other drugs. They were moderately sensitive to neomycin and kanamycin, and resistant to drugs like amimcana and piperacillin.【Conclusion】The freeze-drying formula for Vibrio alginolyticus HY9901 is trehalose 50 g/L+ L-glutamate sodium 50 g/L+ skim milk 50 g/L, and the freeze-drying process conditions are: bacterial solution concentration 1×108-109 CFU/mL, pre-freezing time 3 h, pre-freezing temperature -80 ℃, rehydration medium PBS or 50 g/L skim milk. The fomula and process for this strain are reasonable and feasible, with good storage and stability of biological characteristics.

Objective To explore the risk factors of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) dysfunction in hemodialysis (HD) patients and validate a risk warning model based upon synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE). Methods From January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021, 400 HD patients with AVF as dialysis access were selected as study subjects. According to AVF function of HD, they were assigned into two groups of poor AVF function (n=81) and normal AVF function (n=319). The relevant clinical data of selected HD patients were reviewed and the risk factors of poor AVF function screened by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression. Then the above risk factors were reconstructed by SMOTE algorithm for established an early warning model of poor AVF function. The prediction efficiency of two models was compared.Results Females, diabetes mellitus (DM), albumin 2 mmol/L and AVF stenosis were the risk factors for AVF dysfunction in HD patients (P

In order to explore the genetic variation between hybrid fruits and their parents and conduct comprehensive evaluation of hybrid fruits, seven promising F1 hybrids (7-93, 8-44, 8-176, 9-188, 9-193, 10-101 and 10-173) between ‘Yuluxiang’ and ‘Shinseiki’ pears, the female parent ‘Yuluxiang’ and the popular cultivar ‘Akizuki’ were evaluated for quality indicators such as single fruit mass, fruit shape index, hardness, soluble solid content, soluble sugar content, titratable acid content, sugar/acid ratio, vitamin C content, and aroma composition. Meanwhile, the differences in aroma among different cultivars were evaluated using orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The results showed that there was a significant difference in fruit quality among the seven F1 hybrids, with 8-44 having a fruit shape index equal to 1 and the highest soluble solids and sugar content. Altogether, 83 volatile components were detected from the nine cultivars, of which 10-173 and 8-44 had the highest total amount of volatile components, and 10-173 and 10-101 contained the highest number of volatile compounds. The major aroma components in pears were alcohols, esters, and aldehydes. The OPLS-DA results showed that the aroma components of 10-101 and 10-173 were significantly different from those of the other strains. Fruit quality traits of 10-101 had a significantly positive correlation with ethyl acetate and hexyl acetate; fruit quality traits of 10-173 had a significantly positive correlation with ethyl octanoate and α-farnesene and trans-2-hexenal, and their contents were significantly higher than those in the other strains, making the flavor more prominent. According to variable importance in the projection (VIP) results, we predicted 42 aroma markers that differed among varieties, and through odor activity value (OAV) analysis, we identified key volatile compounds that contributed to the characteristic odor of each strain. Through correlation analysis, we identified the association between pear quality traits and characteristic aromas. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the comprehensive scores of 8-44, 10-173 and 10-101 had the highest ranking, indicating that they had better fruit quality than the other strains. In summary, 8-44, 10-101, and 10-173 can be regarded as potential pear strains. This study can provide a reference for the breeding and promotion of new pear varieties.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors for the onset of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in overweight and obese male patients with gout, and to establish a predictive model for the onset of CKD. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 653 overweight and obese male patients with gout who attended The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from June 2014 to August 2020, and they were divided into CKD group and non-CKD group according to Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative formulated by the National Kidney Foundation. Basic clinical data were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate independent predictive factors for the onset of CKD, and a clinical predictive model was established. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to calculate the area under the ROC curve (AUC), and different indicators were compared in terms of their value in predicting the onset of CKD. Results Compared with the non-CKD group, the CKD group had a significantly higher age, a significantly longer course of gout, and significantly higher urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and levels of fasting blood glucose and serum creatinine (t=-8.934--2.397,P

The study aimed to determine the influence of harvest date on ‘Yeniang No.2’ (Vitis quinquangularis Rehd.) wine basic chemical variables and aroma components. A series of three ‘Yeniang No.2’ wines were produced from grapes of different harvest dates, Harvest 1: 15 August, Harvest 2: 10 September and Harvest 3: 23 September. The physicochemical properties and aroma components were determined. Results showed that, the grapes of sequential harvest treatments showed an increase in total sugar and a decrease in titratable acidity. In the wines, alcoholic strength, phenol, tannin and flavonoid were enhanced with the sequential harvest, whereas residual sugar and acidity were decreased. there also existed significant difference among different harvest periods（P

The thermal deposition of particle beam on the divertor target plate in tokamak and the surface ablation caused by it issue that it can not be ignored. Fishtail divertor is a new divertor design of EAST Tokamak divertor system. Its function is to guide the high-energy charged particles in the reaction to a specific target plate to avoid particle bombardment on the wall of the main discharge chamber. It can be found that the thermal deposition effect under the sinusoidal deflection current is very different from that under the direct current, which will be more conducive to the distribution of the thermal deposition area of the divertor target. The current of the divertor to the magnet coil is required to be a sinusoidal current with adjustable frequency (10-3 800 Hz) and amplitude (0-5 000 A). The power supply adopts the frequency modulation square wave to excite LCR series resonance to realize the frequency regulation of sine wave current. When the EAST Tokamak device discharges, the electromagnetic environment is complex and changeable. Therefore, the environment will lead to the change of the load inductance value, which will make the LCR resonant frequency shift, thus causing the attenuation of the output current amplitude. By establishing the equivalent mathematical model of power supply, the generation mechanism of output current and the key factors affecting the current amplitude were obtained. To ensure the accuracy of the output current, it is necessary to ensure the amplitude of the excitation voltage and the frequency of the LCR resonant network. In order to ensure the accuracy of resonant frequency, a feedback control strategy based on resonant frequency was proposed. Through the study of frequency feedback control process and simulation with the help of ANSYS simulation software, the design of power output current frequency feedback control system was completed. On the basis of theoretical analysis and simulation verification, the frequency feedback control strategy can be implemented on the power supply. Through the discharge experiments of power supply and magnet coil, it is proved that using the frequency feedback control strategy, the power supply can timely obtain the resonance network frequency deviation caused by electromagnetic environment interference on the equivalent load characteristics in 1.5 seconds, and actively correct the excitation voltage frequency to ensure the accuracy of magnet coil current of divertor. It can be seen that the feedback control strategy based on resonant frequency identification proposed can solve the problem of output sinusoidal current amplitude attenuation due to inductance change, and has good engineering value and reference significance.

利用含油量高、生长速度快及能净化环境的微藻转化制取生物燃料具备较大发展潜力，是实现“碳中和”和解决环境问题的有效途径之一。为了降低微藻制取生物柴油的能耗，利用湿法提取技术直接从湿藻生物质中提取油脂制备生物柴油成为研究热点，综述了传统细胞破壁提油酯交换法、原位酯交换法及新型水热破壁提油酯交换法3种湿藻油脂制备生物柴油的研究情况并分析了各自存在的问题。传统细胞破壁提油酯交换法需要有机溶剂提取油脂和酯交换两步实现生物柴油的制备，生产工艺复杂，生产投入较高。原位酯交换法可实现微藻生物质一步转化为生物柴油，但存在醇消耗量过大（酸催化原位酯交换）或高温高压能耗高（超临界醇原位酯交换）等问题。新型水热破壁提油酯交换法能够在不使用有机溶剂的情况下实现湿藻油脂的高效分离，但水热温度较高时油脂会与微藻其他组分反应导致油脂品质劣化，水热温度较低时难以有效破坏细胞壁导致油脂提取效率降低。绿色溶剂辅助水热法可有效降低水热温度并抑制副产物的生成，可提高湿藻油脂提取率。为实现湿藻油脂的高效、环保、低耗制备生物柴油，可进一步依托深共熔溶剂等创新绿色溶剂低耗高效绿色提取微藻油脂。The conversion of microalgae with high oil content, fast growth rate and environmental purification to produce biofuels has great development potential, which is one of the effective ways to achieve "carbon neutrality" and solve environmental problems. In order to reduce the energy consumption of microalgae preparation biodiesel, using wet extraction technology to directly extract oil from wet algae biomass for preparing biodiesel has been the research hotspot, three kinds of wet algae oil biodiesel preparation methods including traditional wall breaking for oil extraction and transesterification method, in situ transesterification method and new hydrothermal wall breaking for oil extraction and transesterification method were summarized and their existing problems were analyzed.The traditional wall breaking for oil extraction and transesterification method requires two steps of oil extraction with organic solvent and transesterification to realize the preparation of biodiesel，the production process is complex and the production input is high.In situ transesterification method can convert microalgal biomass into biodiesel in one step, but there are some problems such as excessive consumption of alcohol (acid catalytic in situ transesterification) or high energy consumption at high temperature and high pressure (supercritical alcohol in situ transesterification).The new hydrothermal wall breaking for oil extraction and transesterification method can realize the efficient separation of oil without using organic solvent. However, when the hydrothermal temperature is high, the reaction of oil and other components of microalgae can deteriorate the oil quality. When the hydrothermal temperature is low, it is difficult to effectively destroy the cell wall, resulting in low oil extraction efficiency.Green solvent-assisted hydrothermal method can effectively reduce the hydrothermal temperature and inhibit the generation of by-products, which can improve the extraction rate of wet algae oil. In order to realize the preparation of biodiesel with high efficiency, environmental protection and low energy consumption by wet algae oil, it can further rely on innovative green solvents such as deep eutectic solvent to achieve high efficiency,low consumption and green extraction of microalgae oil.

Using an oriented semivariogram in geostatistics, this paper studied the spatial variability of the fissure network of Lianhuashan fault and Wuzhishan anticline in Gejiu Gaosong Ore Field. First, the field outcrop fracture network was digitized based on ArcGIS, and the fracture density and intensity were extracted. Then, based on GSLIB, the fracture density and intensity maps were calculated along the azimuth angle of 0-175°, 36 experimental semivariograms were created and Kriging interpolation was carried out, and finally, normalized semivariogram graphs were created to quantify the two-dimensional spatial variability of individual fracture intensity and density. It was indicated that the closer to the fault, the greater the spatial variation of the fracture density and intensity, and the its spatial variability was featured in significant anisotropy. The direction with the smallest spatial variability was parallel and close to the fault, the largest direction was perpendicular and close to the fault, the direction with the smallest spatial variability at the proximal fold was parallel to the axial direction of the fold, and the largest direction was perpendicular to the axial direction of the fold. The spatial variability of the fracture network reflected the different effects of faults and folds on the development of the fracture network and provided a reference for the establishment of a three-dimensional fracture network spatial distribution model in the ore field.

Objective: Explore and establish the best process of Taxilli Herba tea fermented by Aspergillus cristatus, and dig the potential mechanism of Taxilli Herba tea fermented by A. cristatus on the prevention and treatment effect of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: In order to optimize the process of Taxilli Herba tea fermented by A. cristatus, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was applied, main chemical components and organoleptic evaluation were taken as evaluation indexes, single factor experiments were taken, and orthogonal experiment was used. Moreover, to dig and evaluate the prevention and treatment effect of NAFLD, the model in Zebrafish larval induced by 0.1% egg yolk powder and 5 mmol·mL−1 thioacetamide was used. Finally, technologies of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and network pharmacology were applied to select key compounds and core targets, and accomplish molecular docking. Results: The optimal fermentation process was as follows: The content of water was 35%, the time of pile-fermentation was 3 h, the concentration of A. cristatus was 1×106 CFU·mL−1, and fermentation time was 7 d. Taxilli Herba tea fermented by A. cristatus showed significant prevention and treatment effects in NAFLD (P

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of endoscopic two-way catheterization in the treatment of anastomotic fistula after esophageal cancer surgery. Methods From August 2017 to October 2020, 211 patients with postoperative anastomotic fistula of esophageal cancer treated in Zhongshan People's Hospital were selected for retrospective study. The 105 patients treated with routine intravenous nutritional support and gastrointestinal decompression were served as control group. The 106 patients placed with fistula drainage tube to the fistula mouth and three lumen nutritional tube to the jejunum under endoscopy was served as observation group. The fistula healing time, recovery eating time, hospital stays, clinical cure rate of the anastomotic fistula, nutritional status indexes(prealbumin, albumin, hemoglobin and transferrin) and the quality of life(SF-36 scale) were compared between two groups. According to CUSUM method, all cases were divided into learning improvement stage(n=60) and mastery stage(n=46), the change trend of anastomotic fistula healing time and hospital stay in the observation group with the increase of the number of surgical cases was analyzed. Results Compared with the control group, the fistula healing time, recovery eating time and hospital stays in the observation group were significantly reduced, and the clinical cure rate of the anastomotic fistula, SF-36 scale score and nutritional status indexes such as prealbumin, albumin, hemoglobin and transferrin were significantly increased(P＜0.01). The fistula healing time, recovery eating time and hospital stays, pain score and physical recovery score of patients in the mastery stage were significantly lower than those in the learning improvement stage(P＜0.01). Conclusions Endoscopic two-way catheterization is safe and effective in the treatment of postoperative anastomotic fistula of esophageal cancer,60 cases can master the operation and improve the clinical curative effect.

One of the most important technologies in modern information and service industry is social influence analysis.More and more researchers in social networks focus on social influence.Real social networks are evolving rather than static.The proposal of evolutionary network also brings new challenges and opportunities.At the same time,the massive social information in the evolutionary network also provides strong support for the rapid development of big data analysis technology.In this paper,evolutionary network and influence maximization are discussed.It also discusses the diffusion model of social influence analysis and the influence analysis method based on social network big data.At the same time,some widely used influence algorithms are further sorted out.In addition,this paper also discusses the relationship between big data,evolutionary networks,and social influence maximization.This paper aims to help other researchers to better understand the existing work and provide new ideas for the influence analysis of social networks through the influence analysis of large-scale social networks.

Bioactive peptides were prepared from Undaria pinnatifida sporophyll by bionic enzymatic hydrolysis. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the enzymatic hydrolysis process based on single factor test with the polypeptide yield and degree of hydrolysis as the main indexes, and the scavenging ability of polypeptide on three free radicals (DPPH, ABTS, OH) was evaluated. The results showed that the optimal conditions of biomimetic enzymatic hydrolysis were as follows: Ultrasonic power 720 W, ultrasonic wall breaking time 40 min, solid-liquid ratio 1:104 g/mL, pepsin dosage 6.1%, enzymatic hydrolysis time 2.5 h, trypsin dosage 5%, enzymatic hydrolysis time 3 h. Under these conditions, the polypeptide yield was 21.17% and the degree of hydrolysis was 43.07%. Enzymatic peptide had good scavenging effects on DPPH, ABTS and OH radicals with IC50 values of 5.71, 1.31 and 1.35 mg/mL, respectively. The optimized bionic enzymatic hydrolysis process of Undaria pinnatifida sporophyll was reasonable and feasible, and the enzymatic peptide had good free radical scavenging ability, indicating that the enzymatic peptide had good antioxidant activity and could be used as ingredients in the development of functional food.

The rare earth conversion film has attracted more and more attention in recent years because of its good corrosion resistance and non - toxicity. The concept and film forming mechanism of rare earth conversion film were briefly introduced, and the application of rare earth in corrosion prevention for ferrous metals as well as the nonferrous metals of aluminum, magnesium, zinc and their alloys was summarized. This study found that the corrosion resistance of composite rare earth conversion film was better than that of the single rare earth conversion film. Moreover, it also explained the reason why cerium conversion film had better corrosion resistance than other rare earth conversion films. Finally, it pointed out that the composite rare earth conversion film, rare earth composite alloy coating and densification of rare earth conversion film would be the development direction.

In the era of Internet,where massive data is growing explosively,traditional algorithms have been unable to meet the needs of processing large-scale and multi type data.In recent years,the latest graph embedding algorithm has achieved excellent results in link prediction,network reconstruction and node classification by learning graph network characteristics.Based on the traditional automatic encoder model,a new algorithm combining Sdne algorithm and link prediction similarity matrix is proposed.By introducing a high-order loss function in the process of back-propagation,the performance is adjusted according to the new characteristics of the auto-encoder.The disadvantages of traditional algorithm in determining node similarity in a single way are improved.A simple model is established to analyze and prove the rationality of the optimization.Compared with the most effective Sdne algorithm in the latest research,the improvement effect of this algorithm on Micro-F1 and Macro-F1 two evaluation indicators is close to 1%,and the visual classification effect is good.At the same time,it is found that the optimal value of the hyperparameter of the higher-order loss function is approximately in the range of 1~10,and the change of the numerical value can basically maintain the robustness of the whole network.

Pure malt wine was brewed from germinated malt by semi-solid fermentation technology, and the process optimization and physicochemical properties were determined. The single factor experiment was designed to study the effects of fermentation time, inoculation amount of koji and addition amount of glucoamylase on the alcohol content of pure malt wine, and to determine the best single factor. The experimental conditions were studied after the single factor level determination, meanwhile the orthogonal design was carried out, and the optimal combination was determined as follows: fermentation time of 4 d, inoculation amount of 2‰ koji and addition amount of 2% glucoamylase. Under these conditions, the alcohol content of pure malt wine was 10.6%vol±0.3%vol, the total phenol content was 1.159±0.066 g/L, the protein content was 209.568±19.178 mg/L, the total acid content was 6.4±0.2 g/L, reducing sugar content was 8.409±0.021 g/L, the scavenging rate of hydroxyl radical was 86.75%±1.42%, and the total reduction capacity could reach 1.842±0.004. Through the analysis of variance of orthogonal experiment, it was concluded that fermentation time and glucoamylase dosage had significant effect on the alcohol content of pure malt wine (P0.05). The results would provide a theoretical basis for the production and development of pure malt wine.

In the field of computer vision,3D face reconstruction is a valuable research direction.High quality reconstruction of 3D faces can find applications in face recognition,anti-proofing,animation and medical cosmetology.In the last two decades,although great progress has been made 3D face reconstruction based on a single image,the results of reconstruction using traditionalalgorithms are still facing the challenge of facial expression,occlusion and ambient light,and there will be problems such as poor reconstruction accuracy and robustness.With the rapid development of deep learning in 3D face reconstruction,various methods which are superior to traditional reconstruction algorithms have emerged.Firstly,this paper focuses on deep-learning-based reconstruction algorithms.The algorithms are divided into four categories according to different network architecture,and the most popular methods are described in detail.Then commonly used 3D face data sets are introduced,and performance of representative methods are evaluated.Finally,conclusions and prospects of the single-image-based 3D face reconstruction are given.

Background & Problems: Patients with liver transplantation must take lifelong immunosuppressant medication to maintain the function of their hepatic graft. Based on clinical experience, we found that these patients were affected by both insufficient and remaining medication when they returned for outpatient service visits. After investigating the current situation, It was found that post-transplantation perceptions regarding medication were low in this patient group. After analysis, the identified causes of this included: (1) poor learning effect due to the interference from the multiple therapeutic catheter placement postoperatively; (2) delayed timing of assessing the awareness of information or perception of medication and lack of a post-operative follow-up mechanism; and (3) insufficient educational tools and materials for patients. Purposes: This study was designed to increase medication awareness from the current average of 68.3% to > 91% and to increase patient satisfaction with medication guidance from the current 63.0% to > 85% in patients who had received liver transplantation. Resolutions: The improvement strategy included: designing a health education sheet including related medication information and a daily medication record; designing a mnemonic, interactive video, or test to improve medication perception; creating measures associated with a monitor mechanism to assess medication knowledge. Results: After strategy implementation, medication awareness increased from 68.3% to 92.5% and satisfaction with medication guidance increased from 63.0% to 87.2%. Conclusions: The implementation of several strategies concurrently can enhance medication awareness in patients after liver transplantation and increase patient satisfaction with medication guid [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wall sticking of condensate oil always has influence on the pipeline flow assurance in surface gathering and transportation. Presently, the research methods and adhesion mechanism for wall sticking of condensate oil are not clear.Thus, the systematic investigation was performed for the progress of research on the interfacial behavior and adhesion of crude oil at home and abroad, and the current mature adhesion theories and models were combed and compared. Besides, the influencing factors of the interfacial behavior and adhesion of crude oil were discussed, and the current applicable experimental equipment and test analysis methods for interfacial behavior were summarized. In particular, the research on the interfacial behavior and adhesion of crude oil by molecular dynamics simulation was also discussed. Finally, some thoughts and enlightenment were given for the study on the wall sticking mechanism of crude oil, which will be of great significance to further reveal the wall sticking mechanism of condensate oil in low-temperature gathering and transportation.(2 Figures, 3 Tables, 95 References)

为了对紫苏籽压榨制油前热处理方式的选取提供参考数据，对紫苏籽进行不同程度的红外或微波热处理，根据热处理后紫苏籽的水分含量分为低、中、高3组，随后进行压榨制油，测定了经不同热处理得到的紫苏籽油的相关理化指标、脂肪酸组成、微量活性成分含量，评估了不同紫苏籽油的DPPH自由基清除率和氧化稳定性。结果表明：两种热处理方式对紫苏籽油脂肪酸组成及含量无显著影响（p＞005）；与未经处理的紫苏籽油相比，经微波热处理的紫苏籽油酸值降低，红外热处理的紫苏籽油过氧化值降低，经过微波和红外热处理的紫苏籽的出油率，油脂的黄酮含量、DPPH自由基清除率和氧化稳定性显著增加（p＜0.05）；随着红外和微波热处理程度的加深，紫苏籽油中生育酚含量逐渐降低，多酚含量先降低后升高（红外热处理）和先升高后降低（微波热处理）。综上，选取合适的热处理方式及条件可以获得较高品质的紫苏籽油。 In order to provide reference data on the selection of heat-treatment ways for perilla seed prior to pressing for oil, perilla seed were subjected to different degrees of infrared or microwave heat-treatment, and were classified into three groups (low, medium and high)according to the moisture content of perilla seed after heat-treatment. The oil was pressed, and the related physicochemical indexes, fatty acid composition, trace active components, DPPH· scavenging rate and oxidation stability of perilla seed oil obtained by different heat-treatment were evaluated. The results showed that the two heat treatments had no significant effect on the fatty acid composition and content of perilla seed oil (p＞0.05). Compared with untreated perilla seed oil, the yield, flavonoid content, DPPH·scavenging rate and oxidation stability of perilla seed oil after microwave and infrared heat-treatment significantly increased (p＜0.05), the acid value of perilla seed oil obtained by microwave treatment and peroxide value of the oil obtained by infrared treatment decreased. The tocopherol content of perilla seed oil gradually decreased with the deepening of infrared and microwave heat-treatment, and the polyphenols content first decreased and then increased of infrared treatment while it was opposite of microwave treatment. By selecting the appropriate heat treatment method and conditions, the perilla seed with higher quality can be obtained.

This paper analyzes the characteristics and influences of new pulse loads of ships. The surge-suppression power supply system for high power and multi-mode pulse loads, the capacitance and inductance calculation methods for the energy buffer unit are proposed, which can realize the power suppression, energy grouping, harmonic control and support backup, so that the safety of the ship power station and high precision power supply for loads can be ensured. The integrated power system simulation model of a new survey ship with high power radar loads is established in MATLAB/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the surge-suppression power supply system at different modes. The system can not only reduce the impact of impulse load on the system, but also effectively suppress the system voltage harmonics, thus solving the key technical difficulties in the application of high power pulse loads to the independent power system.

In the process of power communication operation management, various independent business data, such as trouble tickets, duty logs, maintenance tickets, and inspection records, are generated and stored.These business data provide important support for the operation management of the power communication network.At present, the statistical process of most business data is relatively independent, and there is less manual correlation in the later stage.Two typical business data of duty log and trouble ticket in power communication operation management were selected, text mining technology was used to build a machine learning model combining unsupervised recall and supervised classification, and the intelligent association method between duty log and trouble ticket was proposed.Besides, the relevant historical business data in the electric power communication operation management system was used to do the experimental verification of the intelligent association method.The results show that it can achieve positive effect.

With the analysis of the main factors aff ecting the image acquisition of land remote sensing satellite, the satellite image data transmission application mode based on space-based relay was proposed to solve the bottleneck problem of satellite-ground receiving.Through simulation analysis and quantitative calculation, the application eff ect of relay transmission was calculated.The results showed that relay transmission could improved the visible time of satellite data receiving, thus greatly improved the total amount of image acquisition, and eff ectived perform the satellite operation effi ciency.

The H13 steel is widely used in hot rolling, hot extrusion, and hot forging because of its remarkable fatigue resistance performance, hot strength, and impact toughness. To further extend the service life of the steel, the production of high-purity die steel is vital. Carbide-forming elements with a mass fraction of about 8%, including Cr, Mo, and V, are contained in H13 steel to prevent the coarsening of austenite or strengthen the steel through secondary hardening. However, owing to the presence of these elements, primary carbides are easily to be found in H13 steel because of the segregation of carbide-forming elements during solidification. The presence of large primary carbides is one of the main causes of the fatigue crack of H13 steel. Therefore, it is of great significance to systematically study the behavior of primary carbides in H13 steel. The excellent material properties of H13 steel were firstly affirmed in combination with the composition characteristics, and then the relationship between the primary carbides and the service life of H13 steel were summarized. The service life of H13 steel reduces with an increase in the primary carbide size. The hazard of primary carbide on the H13 surface steel is much greater than that inside the steel. The characteristics of primary carbides in H13 steel were further systematically discussed, including two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) morphologies, thermal stability and precipitation mechanism. A great difference exits between the 2D and 3D characteristics of primary carbides. In the 2D analyses, the density of the primary carbides appears high, while their size is small. The actual characteristics of primary carbides can be obtained only by 3D observation. Four primary carbide control methods in H13 steel are compared, including composition optimization, cooling rate control, Mg treatment and rare earth treatment. Composition optimization and cooling rate control have been successfully applied in the actual production process. Rare earth treatment may be an effective control method with Chinese characteristics. The relevant discussion and research work in this article can play a certain enlightening role in the rational control of the primary carbides in H13 steel.

Objective To investigate the effect of abdominal paracentesis drainage (APD) on TLR4 expression in the liver of rats with early severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and its significance. Methods The rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (sham group), SAP group(SAP model was established by retrograde injection of 5% sodium trasulfide cholate into the pancreatic bile duct) and SAP+APD group(drainage tube was placed and fixed on the basis of SAP). HE staining, automatic biochemical analyzer, ELISA, real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect relevant indexes. Results Compared with sham group, the pathological injury of liver and pancreas were significantly worse and the pathological scores were significantly increased in the SAP group (P＜0.05), the activityies of serum amylase and lipase, serum indicators related to liver function, and serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β were also significantly increased (P＜0.05); The mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4, the protein expression of NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β , and the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB p65 in liver tissues in the SAP group were significantly up-regulated than those in the sham group (P＜0.05); After APD intervention,the above indicators were significantly alleviated (P＜0.05). Conclusions Implementation of APD can significantly decrease the expression of TLR4 in liver tissue of rats with early SAP, inhibit the activation of downstream NF-κB signaling pathway, thus relieve the degree of liver injury.

The demand of new marine applications,such as ocean observation,polar scientific research,autonomous ship navigation,ship dynamic tracking,etc.,for the space-integrated-ground information network was analyzed.The typical marine applications,such as ocean remote sensing data relay,space-based internet of things of ocean observation platform,safety supervision of ships in the middle and far seas were proposed.Through the demonstration and promotion of the space-ground integrated information network marine application,we can promote the eff ective integration of the marine application and the Space-Ground Integrated Information Network,improve the comprehensive level of marine informatization,and help the rapid and stable development of China’s marine economy.

The large diameter pipelines, compared to conventional diameter pipelines, are more likely to cause local buckling instability in case of point load subjected during its installation of submarine pipelines. In the local buckling check on submarine pipelines, the correction method, though, has been given in DNVGL-ST-F101-2017 for point load, the protection of concrete counterweight layer on the pipeline has been ignored, the method is therefore considered to be incompatible with the actual structure of large diameter pipelines, and the calculation results are conservative. With finite element analysis method, the local buckling, which is resulted from point load in the installation process of large diameter submarine pipelines, was systematically studied with actual engineering pipeline structure taken into consideration during analysis. Engineering examples were provided to compare the calculation results from finite element method with those from the DNV standard, allowing supplement to the DNV standard in terms of analysis method. This is of good popularization value for local buckling design of large diameter submarine pipelines.

Objective To analyze, summarize and explore the diagnostic methods and treatment strategies of urogenital solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). Methods The study was carried out by reporting a male patient with urogenital SFT, and by reviewing the demographic, clinical and pathological features, treatment and follow-up of 35 patients reported from 2008 to 2018. Results Of the 35 patients, 24 (68.6%) had urinary symptoms, while 11 (31.4%) had no obvious complaints of discomfort at the time of diagnosis. In terms of pathological results, the surgical and pathological specimens of 34 patients (97.1%) were CD34+, and 27 cases (77.1%) were Bcl-2+. Conclusions The MRI and CT are efficient technology for detection of the SFTs. The immunohistochemical test of surgical specimens is the key to establish diagnosis, especially the characteristic staining of CD34, Bcl-2,STAT6 and ALDH2 is of great value in the diagnosis. In addition, the detection of NAB2-STAT6 fusion protein by molecular pathology also facilitate the diagnosis of SFTs. Surgical resection is the best therapy for SFTs.

In the process of software development, developers often reuse code so as to improve the efficiency of software development. Existing researches usually leverage information retrieval technologies to implement the performance of code recommendation. There exists mismatch between the high-level intent in natural language queries and the low-level implementation details for these traditional approaches. This paper proposes DeepCR which is a code snippets recommendation approach based on sequence to sequence model. This approach leverages program static analysis and sequence to sequence model to train a query generation model which can generate queries for code snippets. Code snippets recommendation is then implemented by calculating the similarity between generated queries and natural language queries from developers. The data in the code repository origin from Stack Overflow website to ensure the reality of the collected data. The effectiveness of DeepCR is evaluated by calculating mean reciprocal rank (MRR) and Hit@K scores of code snippets recommendation results. The experimental results show that DeepCR is superior to existing approaches and can improve the performance of code snippets recommendation effectively.

Objective To optimize the purification method of human perforin. Methods Perforin with His tag was expressed by sf9 insect cells, and then protein affinity chromatography was performed by Ni column device. The physicochemical property and biological activity of the purified protein was analyzed by coomassie brilliant blue staining, silver staining and flow cytometry. Results This method was more convenient and economical than traditional protein purification methods like ion exchange chromatography, molecular sieve and hydrophobic interaction chromatography, which providing new ideas for further research of perforin and purification of other protein. Conclusions Perforin can be expressed by sf9 insect cells and is purified by a simple method with biological activity.

Common data element (CDE) is standardized data elements that describe the characteristics of diseases, with the aim of promoting the structure and standardization of data, reducing the missing of important data and narrowing the differences between different researchers in the process of data acquisition. The diversity and heterogeneity of disease phenotypes require rational preparation of CDE to reflect the disease phenotypes from multiple dimensions. This paper introduces the special problems in the establishment of CDE of myasthenia gravis (MG) and discusses the related issues on the process of developing CDE, reviews the CDE of MG domestic and abroad, and discusses the significance of CDE in the researches of MG phenotypes. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.01.007

In order to support the intensive monitoring of provincial and local power communication network,the existing operation support system was optimized and upgraded.A system architecture which takes the communication dispatcher as information center was presented,and several key technologies of monitoring,control and resource scheduling were developed.The achievements were widely used in the power grid companies of five provinces in southern China.The results show that both the operation efficiency and the level of safe operation of the intensive monitoring for provincial-local power communication network has been significantly improved,which provides more reliable and higher quality communication support for both the safe and stable operation of the power grid and the digital transformation of the company.

In light of the rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), the future of the nursing profession is expected to be closely intertwined with AI applications. In response to this challenge, nursing educators must cultivate AI literacy in students to ensure their ability to communicate and collaborate effectively with their interdisciplinary peers. Nursing educators should comprehend the essence of AI literacy, integrate AI literacy into their curriculum designs, and regularly assess the effectiveness of AI literacy cultivation efforts among their students to ensure nursing graduates are able to effectively fulfill their roles in nursing and healthcare. The purpose of this paper is to explain the essence of AI literacy, approaches for cultivating AI literacy in students, and methods for assessing AI literacy with the aim of educating nursing students to become competent nurses for tomorrow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, mainly affecting exocrine glands. Nervous system can also be involved, which can represent the initial manifestation of pSS in some patients. Due to the lack of any uniform diagnostic criteria, pSS is easy to be missed or misdiagnosed. In this review, we provided an in-depth look at clinical manifestations and research hotspots of neurological involvement in pSS. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2019.01.012

本研究主要目的為比較兩種不同的演算法對手寫數字識別之表現。本研究採用支援向量機（SVM）及類神經網路（ANN）作為比較的項目，並且在資料集的處理上加以上主成分分析（PCA）與OpenCV 為基礎的資料預處理。本實驗基於支援向量機、類神經網路、主成分分析以及OpenCV建構了一個手寫數字辨識模型（Hand-written Digits Recognition Model），並用此模型所訓練出來的演算法分類器設計一系統來實測實際手寫的數字影像。實驗的結果為使用支援向量機的準確率優於類神經網路，而在使用了主成分分析將資料集進行預處理降維後，在準確率不變的情況下，大幅的減少了其運算的時間。

The paper is intended as a discussion of methodology for the Faceted Thesaurus of Chinese CulturalHeritage (FTCCH). Our concern is the issue on controlled vocabulary in the context of digitization workof Chinese museums and cultural heritage institutions. On the basis of the traditional classificationmethods and the Art & Architecture Thesaurus of the Getty Research Institute, the FTCCH will focus onthe Chinese cultural objects concepts and terms. There are five facets in the FTCCH draft, including thematerials, styles & periods, physical attributes, activities, and objects facets. The terms involved inthose facets will serve as controlled vocabularies for the related elements of cultural objectsdescriptive metadata. After mapping analysis between Chinese cultural objects classification systemand AAT, now the FTCCH has about 3,000 concepts from traditions and AAT. We also planned forconcepts collecting and teamwork for the next stage. For the best practices, the FTCCH may have toadd other facets and hierarchies and should be used with other thesauri or authorities in special fields.In the meantime, the FTCCH also needs to consider the ways of maintenance, application andinternational collaboration for its own beneficial development.

Background: Outpatient clinics in medical centers are the most common location where people seek medical treatment. Because they must provide patients with treatment information in a timely manner, good communication skills are a key competency for outpatient nurses. However, the tools available for communication behavior assessment are general and rarely tailored for outpatient settings. Purpose: The purpose was to develop a communication behavior inventory for outpatient nurses and to examine its reliability and validity. Methods: During phase one, the authors conducted a literature search and synthesis, using the findings to develop the Outpatient Nurses Communication Behavior Inventory. During phase two, two expert validation rounds were conducted to confirm content validity. During phase three, 220 licensed outpatient nurses were recruited from a medical center in northern Taiwan to complete the instrument (December 2018 -- January 2019.) The construct validity and internal consistency of the inventory were evaluated. Results: The literature search and synthesis identified six domains of communication, including connect, introduce, communicate, ask, respond, and exit. A total of 25 items were generated. Following the two expert panel validation rounds, the six domains remained but the inventory items were reduced to 21. Both item-content validity index and scale-level content validity index were 1.0. In phase three, the results of the confirmatory factor analysis retained six factors with a total of 16 items. Model three showed that the inventory demonstrated goodness of fit (χ² = 155.75, p < .001, RMSEA = .06, GFI = .92, AGFI = .87, N NFI = .97, NFI = .95, Model AIC = 253.75). Internal consistency was demonstrated with a Cronbach's α of .89. Conclusion/ Implications for Practice: The Outpatient Nurses Communication Behavior Inventory exhibits good reliability and validity and may be used to assess outpatient nurses' communication behaviors and as a basis for education. The six CICARE (connect, introduce, communicate, ask, respond and exit) domains may be utilized to remind outpatient nurses to demonstrate effective communication consistently, promote outpatient nurses' communication with patients, and improve quality of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we have reviewed the central nervous system (CNS) lymphatic circulation and related diseases. The lymphatic system is an important component of circulatory system. However, classic lymphatic vessels consisted of endotheliocytes are not found within CNS. Indeed, the central lymphatic circulation exists. Virchow-Robin space (VRS) is regarded as main component of the central lymphatic circulation, which resembles peripheral lymphatic system functionally and plays an important role in the regulation of CNS homeostasis. VRS plays the function of central lymphatic drainage, through which the macromolecular substances in cerebral interstitial fluid are cleared. Also, VRS is the main part of immune surveillance system. The central lymphatic circulation works crucially in the development of related diseases within CNS, such as lymphostatic encephalopathy, demyelinating diseases, CNS neoplasms, CNS infections, protein conformational diseases, etc. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2015.06.014

Background Late-onset glycogen storage disease typeⅡ(GSDⅡ, Pompe disease) is an autosomal recessive disease exhibiting progressive proximal skeletal muscle weakness and respiratory muscle involvement, caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme acid α-glucosidase (GAA). Most of patients died of respiratory failure. Methods Eleven patients with late-onset glycogen storage disease type Ⅱ underwent respiratory function evaluation, whose diagnosis was confirmed by muscle pathology, GAA activity assay and gene analysis. Respiratory function evaluation included upright and supine position of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at the first second (FEV1), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) and cough peak flow (CPF). All data were compared with predicted value. The decreased value between upright and supine position FVC ( △ FVC) were calculated. The correlation between respiratory function and the age of onset, disease course, motor function, GAA activity were analyzed. Results All of 11 patients with late-onset glycogen storage disease type Ⅱ showed declined respiratory function compared with predicted value. The upright FVC, upright FEV1, △ FVC, MIP, MEP and CPF declined in 10, 10, 8, 11, 10, and 10 patients, respectively. All patients had normal FEV1/FVC in both upright and supine position. There was no correlation between upright FVC, △ FVC and the onset age, disease course, motor function, GAA activity statistically. Conclusions Pulmonary dysfunction is common in late-onset glycogen storage disease type Ⅱ, with restrictive ventilatory impairment more predominant, which is caused by inspiratory muscle weakness. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.05.007

Objective To analyze the value and influencing factors of cross-primer isothermal amplification technology (CPA) in clinical screening and diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). Methods We collected 543 inpatients in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021, including 179 patients with tuberculosis, 187 patients with pneumonia and 177 patients with other diseases. The patients' sputum, alveolar lavage fluid, pleural effusion and midstream urine were detected by CPA, smear microscopy, culture method and gene detection. The value of CPA detection in the diagnosis of tuberculosis and its influencing factors were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0. Results The total positive rate of CPA was 14.4% (78/543), and the positive rate of sputum samples accounted for 29.1% (39/ 134). Among the 78 cases of CPA positive patients, the tuberculosis group accounted for 69.2% (54/78), followed by pneumonia group 21.8% (17/78), and other diseases group accounted for 9.0% (7/78). Taking CPA test as the reference method, the "sensitivity" of smear microscopy was lower than that of genetic testing and culture, while the "specificity" was higher than that of culture and gene testing, and the "missed diagnosis rate" of smear microscopy was higher than that of genetic testing and culture. CPA test positive was related to gender, ESR and pneumonia. There is a good agreement between CPA test and culture method and gene test (Kappa>0.9), and a moderate agreement between CPA test and smear microscopy (Kappa=0.616). Conclusions Sputum specimen is the best choice for CPA detection, while the value of pleural effusion detection is relatively limited. Sputum, alveolar lavage fluid and midcourse urine can be used as clinical specimens for screening and diagnosis of "tuberculosis group and other disease group", while sputum can be used for screening and diagnosis of "tuberculosis group and pneumonia group". Gender, ESR and pneumonia are the influencing factors of CPA positive patients. Therefore, CPA testing is worthy of clinical promotion, but more clinical research data are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients with cerebral hemorrhage in basal ganglia were treated with hemocoagulase combined with aminomethylbenzoic acid from May 2010 to April 2013 in our hospital, and hematoma volume and neurological impairment were compared with the control group before and after treatment. This study confirmed that hemocoagulase combined with aninomethylbenzoic acid is a safe and effective method for cerebral hemorrhage in basal ganglia. It can effectively prevent the hematoma enlargement and improve neurological function and prognosis. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.07.014

Introduction: Purchase behavior in the case of merchandise licensed by major sports events has seldom been studied. To fill this gap, this study tested a hypothetical model, which integrated related studies on professional sports, interscholastic sports, normal merchandise, and tourist souvenirs, using the Taipei 2017 Universiade as a case study. Methods: A survey was conducted with consumers who visited and made purchases at four physical stores in Taipei City; 462 valid questionnaires were collected. The questionnaire content included personal background, sport event identification, product attributes, perceived value, and purchase intention. The relationships between variables were tested using a structural equation model. Results: The results supported the path of "sport event identification → perceived value → purchase intention" indicated by the purchase of products licensed by professional sports and interscholastic sports. Specifically, sport event identification not only directly affected purchase intention, but also indirectly affected it through perceived value. The results also supported the path of "product attributes → perceived value → purchase intention" when perceived value was an intermediate variable derived from the purchase of normal merchandise and tourist souvenirs. Sport event identification had an overall higher effect on purchase intention than product attributes. Conclusion: Sport event identification can affect purchase intention directly as well as indirectly through perceived value. However, product attributes can only trigger purchase intention through the intermediate effect of perceived value. The results of this study not only illustrate the practical implications of the variables sport event identification and product attributes, but also provide possible directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer, the primary cause of death in Taiwan for 40 years, remains a disease that cannot be completely controlled by modern medicine. Although medical techniques are improving, involving family caregivers in the treatment of patients with cancer is very important to improving treatment outcomes. Family caregivers participate in the treatment process and help ensure treatment compliance and care continuity for patients. Cancer represents a major crisis not only for patients but also for their primary family caregivers. Family members often serve as informal caregivers to patients with cancer while also dealing with the related medical costs and physical and psychological burdens (Seo & Park, 2019). Providing care and support for family members is an extraordinary challenge during the treatment journey. Many family caregivers ignore their own needs and emotions, and focus their full attention on their beloved family members with cancer. However, this situation may impact their health-related quality of life (Abbasi et al., 2020). Cancer patients and family caregivers often have unmet needs related to cancer care, psychosocial health, daily activities, social life, and cancer- treatment knowledge (Tang, 2019; Wang et al., 2018). The important role shouldered by family caregivers is significantly related to their unmet needs and loadings, which may negatively impact their quality of life and care-delivery ability (Abbasi et al., 2020; Mirsoleymani et al., 2017). Therefore, healthcare providers should intervene to reduce both the burden on family caregivers and the indirect, negative impact on the health-related quality of life of care recipients. In light of the above, we have invited four experts in cancer nursing to share articles in this issue on patients and their family caregivers dealing with pancreatic, pediatric, and gynecological cancers as well as on the topic of cancer immunotherapy. We hope professional nurses and medical health caregivers obtain new and useful information from these articles and apply it in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid advancement of information technology, artificial intelligence (AI) is being progressively utilized in various fields. The application of AI in healthcare practice is more advanced than in healthcare education. The advancement of AI is unstoppable. Nursing educators need to have a good understanding of AI to equip nursing students with the requisite knowledge to meet the needs of the AI age. The purpose of this article is to briefly describe the history of AI in education, relevant AI concepts, current applications of AI in healthcare education, dilemmas, and recommendations for the future. AI is not invincible, and it is critical to prudently evaluate and consider the related data biases and ethical issues. Nursing educators should reflect on whether we are preparing students for yesterday's job or for the future workforce. Nursing educators need to engage in curriculum reform and gain an understanding of critical AI concepts and applications to equip nursing students with the requisite information-technology capacities to meet the needs of the AI age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]