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The original definition of multiferroics is that one owns two or three "ferro" properties, such as ferroelectricity, ferroelasticity, and ferromagnetism. Furthermore, novel effects would be generated by the cross-coupling effect among various orders of multiferroic materials, and it has a broad application prospect in electronic information, sensing, storage, wireless network and other fields. At present, researchers are still focus on the multiferroic materials with strong magnetoelectric coupling effect at room temperature. However, the realization and application of devices based on multiferroics are still on the way. Strain engineering is an effective way that can influence the physical properties of multiferroic materials. The physical properties of materials such as electricity, magnetism, and photoacoustic could be influenced by strain engineering through the interaction of lattice with electrons, spins, and orbits. Tuning the structural and physical properties of ferroelectric thin films by strain has been paid extensive attention. Through investigating the research of strain engineering in multiferroic materials in this paper, herein, the strain engineering in multiferroics are summarized and effect of strain engineering on the physical properties of multiferroics is reviewed. It is prospected that the current work may provide research ideas for the investigation and development of multiferroic materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Different intensities of exercises make different effects on human body, and the changes of skeletal muscle after exercise remain unclear. Physical change of human body during exercise is a hotspot. METHODS: The study was approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethical Committee of Beijing Sport University. Twenty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into three groups: control, moderate-intensity exercise (5°, 15 m/min, 1 hour, 60% VO2max) and high-intensity exercise (5°, 35m/min, 20 minutes, 85% VO2max) groups (n=8/group), 6 times weekly. The rat soleus and gastrocnemius were removed to measure the wet weights. The cross-sectional area of muscle fiber was detected by immunofluorescence. The protein expression levels of BNIP3, p62 and LC3 in the soleus and gastrocnemius were detected by western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The wet weight of gastrocnemius in the exercise groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.01). (2) The cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius fiber in the exercise groups was significantly less than that in the control group (P < 0.01), and the cross-sectional area of soleus fiber in the exercise groups was significantly more than that in the control group (P < 0.01 ). (3) The moderate-intensity exercise induced increased mitophagy, and the expression level of BNIP3 and LC3-II/LC3-I were up-regulated (P < 0.05), while p62 was down-regulated (P < 0.05) compared with the control group. The expression level of LC3-II/LC3-I in the high-intensity exercise group was higher (P < 0.05), but the expression level of p62 was lower than that in the moderate-intensity exercise group and the expression of BNIP3 was decreased (P < 0.05). (4) To conclude, 4-week moderate-intensity exercise can promote the removal of damaged mitochondria and maintain skeletal muscle function by increasing BNIP3-regulated mitophagy in skeletal muscle. In high-intensity exercise, the level of autophagy is higher, but will cause harmful effect on skeletal muscle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem about the eefective control of thermal oil temperature and efficiency, based on the ordinary PID control algorithm and fuzzy control algorithm based on rule table were studied, the temperature control system of temperature acquisition module, temperature display module, sound and light alarm module, the heating module were improved, the working principle of temperature control system including the fuzzy control method, pulse modulation method were analyzed. A kind of based on 89C52 and Marine paint heat conduction oil temperature control based on fuzzy control system was put forward, Proteus simulation platform was used to construct the simplified model of the temperature control system, based on the ordinary PID algorithm and fuzzy control algorithm based on rule table are simulated respectively. The results indicate that, the fuzzy control algorithm based on rule table of heat conduction oil temperature control system performance is beeter, more efficient, has the good rffect of the temperature control, the system can occur at temperatures of abnormal sound and light alarm and command system to stop working, and can meet the needs of actual production and proceesing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research for data publishing of privacy preserving could be divided into two categories: the single release publishing and the multiple releases publishing. Nowadays, the techniques focus on one single release have been well studied. However, the data preparing for publication is usually dynamic. The research for multiple releases publishing is a hot topic in this field. This paper surveyed privacy protection achievements in multiple releases publishing, and introduced privacy protection models for relational data and social net-work data. Following a comprehensive comparison and analysis of existing techniques for multiple releases publishing, future research directions are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on objective index weight configuration in the field of multiple attribute decision making is conducted in this paper. Evaluating objects are divided into different grey categories according to essential natural characteristics by grey correlation clustering method. Maximum entropy configuration model of objective index weight is built based on the similarity of natural characteristics difference in the same grey category and the diversity of natural characteristics difference of the different grey categories. In case study, comparative analysis with other methods is conducted. The results demonstrate that the model in this paper is feasible and effective. So, a new solution to objective index weight configuration in the field of multiple attribute decision making is put forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tongshan intrusion in Chizhou of Anhui is one of the ore-bearing intrusions in the main magmatic belt along the middle-lower Yangtze River, and the formation age and rock genesis are still controversial. The intrusion is mainly composed of quartz diorite, quartz monzonitic porphyry and granodiorite, and has close relationship with the Cu-Au mineralization. Zircon UPb geochronology and Hf isotopic geochemistry of granodiorite in Tongshan skarn Cu (Au) deposit were studied. Results of petrogeochemistry and isotope chronology show that the age of granodiorite intrusion, which forms in Early Cretaceous, is (146. 3 ± 3. 2) Ma; the average of zircon ϵHf(t) is -5. 23, illustrating that Tongshan intrusion has the characteristics of magmatite provenance with crust mantle mixing; distributions of two-phase Hf model ages of zircon are 1 184.51-1 422. 72 Ma, indicating that magma source has significant relationship with the outcropped Mesoproterozoic basement in southern Anbui. Tbe discrimination diagrams sbow tbat Tongsban intrusions belong to tbe island-arc granite (VAG) , and tbe tectonic background of tbe intrusions is same as tbe ore-bearing rocks of Cu-Au deposits along tbe middle-lower Yangtze River, so tbat it is inferred tbat the geotectonic backgrounds form in continental margin magmatic are related to Paleo-Pacific Plate subduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In explicit nonlinear dynamic inversion (NDI) control, a system is linearized accurately using nonlinear offset. However, because of the inversion errors in offset from the uncertainties of real models, the robustness of control system is hard to be guaranteed. Explicit NDI is found facing serious challenges when solving the motion issue of underwater vehicle exceeding water. Considering the severe change in hydrodynamic force and the strong impact of waves, its attitude control has become a research focus. Firstly, the control law of dynamic inversion in the form of implicit increments is derived and obtained, and the system is divided into a slow loop and a fast one using the idea of stepped construction on the base of affine motion model of underwater vehicle out of water. Then the feedback of state variation rate is introduced, the implicit control law independent of accurate models and with better robustness is designed based on these two time-scale separated loops. Finally, based on the implicit NDI control algorithm, the attitude of underwater vehicle in its out-of-water process is traced under the influence of waves and perturbation of hydrodynamic parameters and measurement noise, and the validity and rationality of the control law are verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To be aimed at the characteristics of the underwater vehicle which has a strong nonlinearity, strong coupling, multiple input and output, complex hydrodynamic action and attitude changes severely, a nonlinear dynamic inversion control system is designed in this paper to solve the limitations caused by ignoring the nonlinear factors in the linear process of the design method of the traditional controller. Through the design of the slow loop attitude controller and the fast loop attitude controller, the problems that the underwater vehicle has nonlinear, strong coupling, multiple input and output are solved, the stability of controller have been proven by Lyapunov stability analysis. The steady-state time is Is and the overshoot is 4% by tracking unit step signal in this control method, it has a larger increase than the dynamic characteristics by PID control. The results of nonlinear control system simulation show that the controller for the uncertainty of ± 30% hydrodynamic parameters has certain robustness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming towards automatic defect detection for binary programs, based on software virtual machine's dynamic binary translation and taint propagation, this paper studied mechanisms necessary for symbolic execution including program's runtime semantics' extraction, intermediate language based symbolic calculation, enhanced the path-scheduling mechanism in traditional dynamic symbolic execution, analyzed symbolic asserts' expressions for common program defects, with an online dynamic symbolic execution system built up detecting defects in binary programs. Experiments prove the method's effectiveness in defect detection for real binary programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at studying the inner flow under maximum operating conditions, a centrifugal pump was simulated by adopting RNGK-S turbulence model. Hydraulic performance was predicted and the calculation results were compared with the experiment results. Fluid velocity, pressure distribution and external characteristics were analyzed under 4 operating conditions. The results indicate that pressure and velocity distribute uniformly under the optimum flow rates condition. At large flow rates point, the volute pressure decreases and the velocity distribution is not uniform. At the maximum flow rates point (1.7 Qopt), negative pressure appears at the inlet of the volute. Vortex of the velocity flow lines become larger and occurs reflux in the local position of diffusion tube. The study reveal pump inner flow rules, which provide reference to the high specific speed centrifugal pump optimal design and extenfings life under variable flow rates operation condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The amplitude and phase characteristics of complex radar cross section (RCS) of a metallic sphere are analyzed based on the precise solution of its back scattering. The high resolution range profile of a sphere takes on one or two peaks at different bands, while its 2D image can be typified by an arc or a point at different bands and rotation angles. A sphere should be characterized by a dispersive, migratory or point-like scattering center model under different conditions. These conclusions may provide an important reference for RCS calibration and scattering source diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the problems like fewer samples and various influencing factors in the prediction of complex equipment costs, the defects in the previous grey relational degree are analyzed and a new grey correlation model of influence factors and cost is established by using improved convex grey correlation. The size of the convex grey correlation degree and the proximity are used to screen the cost driving factor, and a multiple-regression model is established based on the chosen driving factors. Compared with the existing methods, the proposed method has higher prediction accuracy, which means the improved convex grey correlation can diagnose key factors of complex equipment cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]