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【Objective】The study aims to screen the formula of vacuum freeze-drying protective agent for Vibrio alginolyticus, optimize the freeze-drying process conditions, and explore the influence of freeze-drying on the virulence and drug sensitivity of the strains, with a view to providing a theoretical basis for the application of freeze-drying in the preservation of the strains.【Method】With Vibrio alginolyticus HY9901 as the research object, the vacuum freeze-drying technology was used to freeze-dry the strains. Through single factor test and orthogonal test, the effects of six single cryoprotectants (L-glutamate sodium, trehalose, skim milk, glucose, mannitol and glycine) on the activity of the strains were investigated, and the optimal formula of cryoprotectants was selected. The influences of four factors, namely, concentration of bacterial solution, pre-freezing time, pre-freezing temperature and rehydration medium, on the freeze-drying process of strains were studied, and the freeze-drying process conditions for Vibrio alginolyticus were optimized. At the same time, storage test, LD50 test and antimicrobial susceptibility test were used to investigate the changes in the activity of lyophilized strains and their of biological characteristics.【Result】There were significant differences in the protective effects of 6 cryoprotectants on lyophilized Vibrio alginolyticus, and the effects from strongest to weakest showed as: L-glutamate sodium, trehalose, skim milk, glucose, mannitol and glycine. The optimum freeze-drying compound formula of cryoprotectants was trehalose 50 g/L+ L-glutamate sodium 50 g/L+ skim milk 50 g/L, with a survival rate of 62.12%, which was significantly different from that of single cryoprotectant. The optimal conditions of freeze-drying process were as follows: bacterial solution concentration 1×108-109 CFU/mL, pre-freezing time 3 h, pre-freezing temperature -80 ℃, rehydration medium PBS or 50 g/L skim milk, under which the activity of the strains could reach the maximum of 63.72%. There was no significant difference in the activity of the strains during 60 days of storage under optimal freeze-drying conditions. The LD50 values of the strains before and after freeze-drying were 1.22×108 CFU/mL and 1.20×108 CFU/mL, respectively, with no significant difference in LD50. There was no significant difference in the diameter of the antimicrobial inhibition zone before and after freeze-drying, and the strains were sensitive to florfenicol, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin and other drugs. They were moderately sensitive to neomycin and kanamycin, and resistant to drugs like amimcana and piperacillin.【Conclusion】The freeze-drying formula for Vibrio alginolyticus HY9901 is trehalose 50 g/L+ L-glutamate sodium 50 g/L+ skim milk 50 g/L, and the freeze-drying process conditions are: bacterial solution concentration 1×108-109 CFU/mL, pre-freezing time 3 h, pre-freezing temperature -80 ℃, rehydration medium PBS or 50 g/L skim milk. The fomula and process for this strain are reasonable and feasible, with good storage and stability of biological characteristics.

The study aimed to determine the influence of harvest date on ‘Yeniang No.2’ (Vitis quinquangularis Rehd.) wine basic chemical variables and aroma components. A series of three ‘Yeniang No.2’ wines were produced from grapes of different harvest dates, Harvest 1: 15 August, Harvest 2: 10 September and Harvest 3: 23 September. The physicochemical properties and aroma components were determined. Results showed that, the grapes of sequential harvest treatments showed an increase in total sugar and a decrease in titratable acidity. In the wines, alcoholic strength, phenol, tannin and flavonoid were enhanced with the sequential harvest, whereas residual sugar and acidity were decreased. there also existed significant difference among different harvest periods（P

Using an oriented semivariogram in geostatistics, this paper studied the spatial variability of the fissure network of Lianhuashan fault and Wuzhishan anticline in Gejiu Gaosong Ore Field. First, the field outcrop fracture network was digitized based on ArcGIS, and the fracture density and intensity were extracted. Then, based on GSLIB, the fracture density and intensity maps were calculated along the azimuth angle of 0-175°, 36 experimental semivariograms were created and Kriging interpolation was carried out, and finally, normalized semivariogram graphs were created to quantify the two-dimensional spatial variability of individual fracture intensity and density. It was indicated that the closer to the fault, the greater the spatial variation of the fracture density and intensity, and the its spatial variability was featured in significant anisotropy. The direction with the smallest spatial variability was parallel and close to the fault, the largest direction was perpendicular and close to the fault, the direction with the smallest spatial variability at the proximal fold was parallel to the axial direction of the fold, and the largest direction was perpendicular to the axial direction of the fold. The spatial variability of the fracture network reflected the different effects of faults and folds on the development of the fracture network and provided a reference for the establishment of a three-dimensional fracture network spatial distribution model in the ore field.

Objective: Explore and establish the best process of Taxilli Herba tea fermented by Aspergillus cristatus, and dig the potential mechanism of Taxilli Herba tea fermented by A. cristatus on the prevention and treatment effect of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: In order to optimize the process of Taxilli Herba tea fermented by A. cristatus, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was applied, main chemical components and organoleptic evaluation were taken as evaluation indexes, single factor experiments were taken, and orthogonal experiment was used. Moreover, to dig and evaluate the prevention and treatment effect of NAFLD, the model in Zebrafish larval induced by 0.1% egg yolk powder and 5 mmol·mL−1 thioacetamide was used. Finally, technologies of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and network pharmacology were applied to select key compounds and core targets, and accomplish molecular docking. Results: The optimal fermentation process was as follows: The content of water was 35%, the time of pile-fermentation was 3 h, the concentration of A. cristatus was 1×106 CFU·mL−1, and fermentation time was 7 d. Taxilli Herba tea fermented by A. cristatus showed significant prevention and treatment effects in NAFLD (P

Bioactive peptides were prepared from Undaria pinnatifida sporophyll by bionic enzymatic hydrolysis. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the enzymatic hydrolysis process based on single factor test with the polypeptide yield and degree of hydrolysis as the main indexes, and the scavenging ability of polypeptide on three free radicals (DPPH, ABTS, OH) was evaluated. The results showed that the optimal conditions of biomimetic enzymatic hydrolysis were as follows: Ultrasonic power 720 W, ultrasonic wall breaking time 40 min, solid-liquid ratio 1:104 g/mL, pepsin dosage 6.1%, enzymatic hydrolysis time 2.5 h, trypsin dosage 5%, enzymatic hydrolysis time 3 h. Under these conditions, the polypeptide yield was 21.17% and the degree of hydrolysis was 43.07%. Enzymatic peptide had good scavenging effects on DPPH, ABTS and OH radicals with IC50 values of 5.71, 1.31 and 1.35 mg/mL, respectively. The optimized bionic enzymatic hydrolysis process of Undaria pinnatifida sporophyll was reasonable and feasible, and the enzymatic peptide had good free radical scavenging ability, indicating that the enzymatic peptide had good antioxidant activity and could be used as ingredients in the development of functional food.

Pure malt wine was brewed from germinated malt by semi-solid fermentation technology, and the process optimization and physicochemical properties were determined. The single factor experiment was designed to study the effects of fermentation time, inoculation amount of koji and addition amount of glucoamylase on the alcohol content of pure malt wine, and to determine the best single factor. The experimental conditions were studied after the single factor level determination, meanwhile the orthogonal design was carried out, and the optimal combination was determined as follows: fermentation time of 4 d, inoculation amount of 2‰ koji and addition amount of 2% glucoamylase. Under these conditions, the alcohol content of pure malt wine was 10.6%vol±0.3%vol, the total phenol content was 1.159±0.066 g/L, the protein content was 209.568±19.178 mg/L, the total acid content was 6.4±0.2 g/L, reducing sugar content was 8.409±0.021 g/L, the scavenging rate of hydroxyl radical was 86.75%±1.42%, and the total reduction capacity could reach 1.842±0.004. Through the analysis of variance of orthogonal experiment, it was concluded that fermentation time and glucoamylase dosage had significant effect on the alcohol content of pure malt wine (P0.05). The results would provide a theoretical basis for the production and development of pure malt wine.

The large diameter pipelines, compared to conventional diameter pipelines, are more likely to cause local buckling instability in case of point load subjected during its installation of submarine pipelines. In the local buckling check on submarine pipelines, the correction method, though, has been given in DNVGL-ST-F101-2017 for point load, the protection of concrete counterweight layer on the pipeline has been ignored, the method is therefore considered to be incompatible with the actual structure of large diameter pipelines, and the calculation results are conservative. With finite element analysis method, the local buckling, which is resulted from point load in the installation process of large diameter submarine pipelines, was systematically studied with actual engineering pipeline structure taken into consideration during analysis. Engineering examples were provided to compare the calculation results from finite element method with those from the DNV standard, allowing supplement to the DNV standard in terms of analysis method. This is of good popularization value for local buckling design of large diameter submarine pipelines.

Common data element (CDE) is standardized data elements that describe the characteristics of diseases, with the aim of promoting the structure and standardization of data, reducing the missing of important data and narrowing the differences between different researchers in the process of data acquisition. The diversity and heterogeneity of disease phenotypes require rational preparation of CDE to reflect the disease phenotypes from multiple dimensions. This paper introduces the special problems in the establishment of CDE of myasthenia gravis (MG) and discusses the related issues on the process of developing CDE, reviews the CDE of MG domestic and abroad, and discusses the significance of CDE in the researches of MG phenotypes. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.01.007

Background Late-onset glycogen storage disease typeⅡ(GSDⅡ, Pompe disease) is an autosomal recessive disease exhibiting progressive proximal skeletal muscle weakness and respiratory muscle involvement, caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme acid α-glucosidase (GAA). Most of patients died of respiratory failure. Methods Eleven patients with late-onset glycogen storage disease type Ⅱ underwent respiratory function evaluation, whose diagnosis was confirmed by muscle pathology, GAA activity assay and gene analysis. Respiratory function evaluation included upright and supine position of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at the first second (FEV1), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) and cough peak flow (CPF). All data were compared with predicted value. The decreased value between upright and supine position FVC ( △ FVC) were calculated. The correlation between respiratory function and the age of onset, disease course, motor function, GAA activity were analyzed. Results All of 11 patients with late-onset glycogen storage disease type Ⅱ showed declined respiratory function compared with predicted value. The upright FVC, upright FEV1, △ FVC, MIP, MEP and CPF declined in 10, 10, 8, 11, 10, and 10 patients, respectively. All patients had normal FEV1/FVC in both upright and supine position. There was no correlation between upright FVC, △ FVC and the onset age, disease course, motor function, GAA activity statistically. Conclusions Pulmonary dysfunction is common in late-onset glycogen storage disease type Ⅱ, with restrictive ventilatory impairment more predominant, which is caused by inspiratory muscle weakness. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.05.007

Background & Problems: Patients with liver transplantation must take lifelong immunosuppressant medication to maintain the function of their hepatic graft. Based on clinical experience, we found that these patients were affected by both insufficient and remaining medication when they returned for outpatient service visits. After investigating the current situation, It was found that post-transplantation perceptions regarding medication were low in this patient group. After analysis, the identified causes of this included: (1) poor learning effect due to the interference from the multiple therapeutic catheter placement postoperatively; (2) delayed timing of assessing the awareness of information or perception of medication and lack of a post-operative follow-up mechanism; and (3) insufficient educational tools and materials for patients. Purposes: This study was designed to increase medication awareness from the current average of 68.3% to > 91% and to increase patient satisfaction with medication guidance from the current 63.0% to > 85% in patients who had received liver transplantation. Resolutions: The improvement strategy included: designing a health education sheet including related medication information and a daily medication record; designing a mnemonic, interactive video, or test to improve medication perception; creating measures associated with a monitor mechanism to assess medication knowledge. Results: After strategy implementation, medication awareness increased from 68.3% to 92.5% and satisfaction with medication guidance increased from 63.0% to 87.2%. Conclusions: The implementation of several strategies concurrently can enhance medication awareness in patients after liver transplantation and increase patient satisfaction with medication guid [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In light of the rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), the future of the nursing profession is expected to be closely intertwined with AI applications. In response to this challenge, nursing educators must cultivate AI literacy in students to ensure their ability to communicate and collaborate effectively with their interdisciplinary peers. Nursing educators should comprehend the essence of AI literacy, integrate AI literacy into their curriculum designs, and regularly assess the effectiveness of AI literacy cultivation efforts among their students to ensure nursing graduates are able to effectively fulfill their roles in nursing and healthcare. The purpose of this paper is to explain the essence of AI literacy, approaches for cultivating AI literacy in students, and methods for assessing AI literacy with the aim of educating nursing students to become competent nurses for tomorrow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Outpatient clinics in medical centers are the most common location where people seek medical treatment. Because they must provide patients with treatment information in a timely manner, good communication skills are a key competency for outpatient nurses. However, the tools available for communication behavior assessment are general and rarely tailored for outpatient settings. Purpose: The purpose was to develop a communication behavior inventory for outpatient nurses and to examine its reliability and validity. Methods: During phase one, the authors conducted a literature search and synthesis, using the findings to develop the Outpatient Nurses Communication Behavior Inventory. During phase two, two expert validation rounds were conducted to confirm content validity. During phase three, 220 licensed outpatient nurses were recruited from a medical center in northern Taiwan to complete the instrument (December 2018 -- January 2019.) The construct validity and internal consistency of the inventory were evaluated. Results: The literature search and synthesis identified six domains of communication, including connect, introduce, communicate, ask, respond, and exit. A total of 25 items were generated. Following the two expert panel validation rounds, the six domains remained but the inventory items were reduced to 21. Both item-content validity index and scale-level content validity index were 1.0. In phase three, the results of the confirmatory factor analysis retained six factors with a total of 16 items. Model three showed that the inventory demonstrated goodness of fit (χ² = 155.75, p < .001, RMSEA = .06, GFI = .92, AGFI = .87, N NFI = .97, NFI = .95, Model AIC = 253.75). Internal consistency was demonstrated with a Cronbach's α of .89. Conclusion/ Implications for Practice: The Outpatient Nurses Communication Behavior Inventory exhibits good reliability and validity and may be used to assess outpatient nurses' communication behaviors and as a basis for education. The six CICARE (connect, introduce, communicate, ask, respond and exit) domains may be utilized to remind outpatient nurses to demonstrate effective communication consistently, promote outpatient nurses' communication with patients, and improve quality of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the value and influencing factors of cross-primer isothermal amplification technology (CPA) in clinical screening and diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). Methods We collected 543 inpatients in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021, including 179 patients with tuberculosis, 187 patients with pneumonia and 177 patients with other diseases. The patients' sputum, alveolar lavage fluid, pleural effusion and midstream urine were detected by CPA, smear microscopy, culture method and gene detection. The value of CPA detection in the diagnosis of tuberculosis and its influencing factors were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0. Results The total positive rate of CPA was 14.4% (78/543), and the positive rate of sputum samples accounted for 29.1% (39/ 134). Among the 78 cases of CPA positive patients, the tuberculosis group accounted for 69.2% (54/78), followed by pneumonia group 21.8% (17/78), and other diseases group accounted for 9.0% (7/78). Taking CPA test as the reference method, the "sensitivity" of smear microscopy was lower than that of genetic testing and culture, while the "specificity" was higher than that of culture and gene testing, and the "missed diagnosis rate" of smear microscopy was higher than that of genetic testing and culture. CPA test positive was related to gender, ESR and pneumonia. There is a good agreement between CPA test and culture method and gene test (Kappa>0.9), and a moderate agreement between CPA test and smear microscopy (Kappa=0.616). Conclusions Sputum specimen is the best choice for CPA detection, while the value of pleural effusion detection is relatively limited. Sputum, alveolar lavage fluid and midcourse urine can be used as clinical specimens for screening and diagnosis of "tuberculosis group and other disease group", while sputum can be used for screening and diagnosis of "tuberculosis group and pneumonia group". Gender, ESR and pneumonia are the influencing factors of CPA positive patients. Therefore, CPA testing is worthy of clinical promotion, but more clinical research data are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Purchase behavior in the case of merchandise licensed by major sports events has seldom been studied. To fill this gap, this study tested a hypothetical model, which integrated related studies on professional sports, interscholastic sports, normal merchandise, and tourist souvenirs, using the Taipei 2017 Universiade as a case study. Methods: A survey was conducted with consumers who visited and made purchases at four physical stores in Taipei City; 462 valid questionnaires were collected. The questionnaire content included personal background, sport event identification, product attributes, perceived value, and purchase intention. The relationships between variables were tested using a structural equation model. Results: The results supported the path of "sport event identification → perceived value → purchase intention" indicated by the purchase of products licensed by professional sports and interscholastic sports. Specifically, sport event identification not only directly affected purchase intention, but also indirectly affected it through perceived value. The results also supported the path of "product attributes → perceived value → purchase intention" when perceived value was an intermediate variable derived from the purchase of normal merchandise and tourist souvenirs. Sport event identification had an overall higher effect on purchase intention than product attributes. Conclusion: Sport event identification can affect purchase intention directly as well as indirectly through perceived value. However, product attributes can only trigger purchase intention through the intermediate effect of perceived value. The results of this study not only illustrate the practical implications of the variables sport event identification and product attributes, but also provide possible directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer, the primary cause of death in Taiwan for 40 years, remains a disease that cannot be completely controlled by modern medicine. Although medical techniques are improving, involving family caregivers in the treatment of patients with cancer is very important to improving treatment outcomes. Family caregivers participate in the treatment process and help ensure treatment compliance and care continuity for patients. Cancer represents a major crisis not only for patients but also for their primary family caregivers. Family members often serve as informal caregivers to patients with cancer while also dealing with the related medical costs and physical and psychological burdens (Seo & Park, 2019). Providing care and support for family members is an extraordinary challenge during the treatment journey. Many family caregivers ignore their own needs and emotions, and focus their full attention on their beloved family members with cancer. However, this situation may impact their health-related quality of life (Abbasi et al., 2020). Cancer patients and family caregivers often have unmet needs related to cancer care, psychosocial health, daily activities, social life, and cancer- treatment knowledge (Tang, 2019; Wang et al., 2018). The important role shouldered by family caregivers is significantly related to their unmet needs and loadings, which may negatively impact their quality of life and care-delivery ability (Abbasi et al., 2020; Mirsoleymani et al., 2017). Therefore, healthcare providers should intervene to reduce both the burden on family caregivers and the indirect, negative impact on the health-related quality of life of care recipients. In light of the above, we have invited four experts in cancer nursing to share articles in this issue on patients and their family caregivers dealing with pancreatic, pediatric, and gynecological cancers as well as on the topic of cancer immunotherapy. We hope professional nurses and medical health caregivers obtain new and useful information from these articles and apply it in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid advancement of information technology, artificial intelligence (AI) is being progressively utilized in various fields. The application of AI in healthcare practice is more advanced than in healthcare education. The advancement of AI is unstoppable. Nursing educators need to have a good understanding of AI to equip nursing students with the requisite knowledge to meet the needs of the AI age. The purpose of this article is to briefly describe the history of AI in education, relevant AI concepts, current applications of AI in healthcare education, dilemmas, and recommendations for the future. AI is not invincible, and it is critical to prudently evaluate and consider the related data biases and ethical issues. Nursing educators should reflect on whether we are preparing students for yesterday's job or for the future workforce. Nursing educators need to engage in curriculum reform and gain an understanding of critical AI concepts and applications to equip nursing students with the requisite information-technology capacities to meet the needs of the AI age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The aim of current study was to develop a questionnaire with good reliability and validity for measuring Taiwanese adolescents' total and domain-specific time spent engaging in various sedentary behaviors. Methods: Ninety-seven junior high school students in Changhua City participated in this study. They completed the questionnaire twice over a one-week period and wore a tri-axial accelerometer during this period. The test-retest reliability was examined by Spearman's rank correlation and paired-samples t-test. The criterion-related validity in total sedentary time per day was first examined by Spearman's rank correlation between self-report measurement and accelerometer-assessed measurement. In addition, a Bland-Altman Plot was used to compare the consistency between these two measurements. Results: The results showed that the mean self-reported total sedentary time was 6.11 (SD = 2.98) hours. With regard to the test-retest reliability, there was no significant difference in total and domain specific time of self-report sedentary behavior, except for "Studying/Doing homework." The Spearman's rank correlation coefficients of the total sedentary time per day, and the two domain specific items, "Using a computer for fun" and "Playing/practicing a musical instrument," were higher than the recommended level 0.70. The coefficients of the other five items, "Using the phone," "Out-of-school-hours tutoring," "Reading for fun," "Passive transport," and "Using a computer for homework," ranged between 0.60 and 0.69. The reliability of the remaining Three items-"Studying/Doing homework," "Watching TV," and "Doing crafts or others," ranged from 0.50 to 0.59. Results also showed that there was a significant correlation in total sedentary time between self-report measurement and accelerometer-assessed measurement (Spearman's ρ = 0.55), indicating a good criterion-related validity. According to Bland-Altman Plot, compared to accelerometer- assessed measurement, the self-report questionnaire underestimated the total sedentary time per day about 1.36 hours, which was better (i.e., less underestimated) than previous research. Conclusion: The current study showed the preliminary evidence that our questionnaire was useful for measuring the sedentary behavior in Taiwanese adolescents with acceptable reliability and validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Problems: Intra-arterial thrombectomy (IAT) is a novel surgery that may restore cerebral blood flow in patients with ischemic stroke and lower the risks of permanent brain damage and disability. Because the process of preoperative preparation for IAT is complicated, error rates for this process have been reported in previous studies to be as high as 100%. Although these errors did not result in serious damage to patients, the risk to patient safety remains. Therefore, reducing the error rate for IAT preoperative preparation is necessary to improve patient safety. Purpose: To reduce the rate of IAT preoperative preparation error in an emergency room. Resolution: This project applied healthcare failure mode and effect analysis (HFMEA) to evaluate the potential risks of IAT preoperative preparation in an emergency room. Based on the resultant hazard score, critical preventive measures were adopted, including creating a quick response code consent form, designing order packages, developing a checklist form, modifying stroke operating procedures and policies, planning suitable education content for staffs, developing criteria for evaluating preoperative preparation procedures, and installing vital signs equipment. Results: After implementation of these measures, the hazard scores of 13 out of the 16 potential failure causes decreased to < 8, and the progress rate was 81.3%. The follow-up error rate for preoperative preparation was 0% in October 2019, which fulfilled the goal of this project. Conclusion: Preoperative preparation for IAT is complicated and time-consuming. In this project, HFMEA was introduced to ensure that preoperative preparation was accomplished in a complete and timely manner. Based on the results, after implementation, preparation work was effectively completed and operations were performed on schedule. Other hospitals may consider using this tool to evaluate potential risks to patient safety and to develop solutions to improve the quality of healthcare processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Problems: An investigation found that 66.7% of the neonatal hypothermia (body temperature < 36.5°C) cases diagnosed within one hour of transfer from the delivery room in our hospital were affected by a significantly increased risk of physiological abnormalities, which subsequently increased their risk for mortality. Therefore, monitoring and maintaining the normal body temperature of newborn infants are vital in infant care. Purpose: This project aimed to improve the current situation of neonatal hypothermia. Resolution: This project was implemented from Oct. 1, 2016 to Oct. 31, 2017 and used several approaches to improve neonatal hypothermia. A neonatal hypothermia caring protocol was developed and the infant admission materials were standardized; the infant hypothermia alert card and posters were displayed in easy-to-notice locations; an in-service training course on neonatal hypothermia was provided; and an infant hypothermia care checklist was tabulated for examination and recognition. Results: After the implementation of this project, the average time required to raise the body temperature of infants to normal (36.°C) was 1.5 hours, which was 2 hours faster than the pre-project time of 3.5 hours. Moreover, the time needed to raise the body temperature to normal was one hour for newborn infants with birthweights ≥ 2,500 grams, which was one hour faster than the pre-project time of two hours, and 1.5 hours for newborn infants with birthweights < 2,500 grams, which was three hours faster than the pre-project time of 4.5 hours. The goals of this project were effectively achieved in both groups. Conclusion: Neonatal hypothermia is an important issue affecting the health status of newborn infants. This project strengthened the awareness of nurses regarding neonatal hypothermia and is worthwhile to be implemented in clinical neonatal care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses whether the global journalism ethics can be established, and the debate of how to construct them. The first part put forward the question of whether there is necessity and possibility to construct global journalism ethics. The second part explores development of the dominant western journalism ethics and a more comprehensive understanding of journalism ethics. The third part respectively discusses different views of global journalism ethics. The last part concludes that, if it is necessary to construct global journalism ethics, it must seek common morals and respect the development of diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the process of the UK's ratification of the Treaty of Lisbon using a liberal intergovernmentalist approach. Traditionally, in contrast to other member states of the European Union, the UK has often been hesitant to pursue European integration. And yet, over the past half century, the European Union has become a significant model of voluntary regional integration. The ratification of the Treaty of Lisbon, which brought important changes to the European Union, marked a significant milestone for European integration in the early twenty-first century. This paper aims to explore the process and challenges of the UK's ratification of the Treaty of Lisbon by employing a liberal intergovernmentalist analysis. Such an approach has been developed over several decades and become a major theoretical approach to the study of European integration. Liberal intergovernmentalism, which draws special attention to the processes of negotiating, signing, and ratifying the EU's major treaties, provides a suitable theoretical approach to the analysis of the UK's passage of the Treaty of Lisbon. This paper is, therefore, designed with the dual purpose of examining the empirical case study of the UK's passage of the Treaty of Lisbon, and of examining the theoretical validity of liberal intergovernmentalism against empirical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Resilience embodies the personal qualities that enable one to thrive in the face of adversity and is a significant factor affecting the health of patients with mental illness. Most research on resilience has focused on patients in high-risk groups. Thus, there is lack of research exploring the resilience of psychiatric patients and related factors. Purpose: The aims of the present study were to (1) explore the relationships among demographic characteristics, psychiatric symptoms, perceived stress, medical professional-patient interaction, social support, social adaptive function, and resilience and (2) identify indicators of resilience in psychiatric patients. Methods: A total of 180 psychiatric patients were recruited from a mental hospital in eastern Taiwan. The brief psychiatric rating scale, perceived stress scale, questionnaire of medical professional-patient interaction and social support, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and social adaptive function scale were used to collect data. Results: Participants in the present study showed an intermediate level of resilience. Resilience scores correlated positively with medical professional-patient interaction and social support and negatively with perceived stress, social adaptive function, and psychiatric symptoms. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that perceived stress, social support, education, and social adaptive function collectively accounted for 45.3% of the total variance. Conclusion / Implications for Practice: For psychiatric patients, enhancing social support and social adaptive function and decreasing perceived stress improves their resilience and decreases the frequency of their psychiatric episodes, thus increasing their chances of returning to society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dysmenorrhea is a major problem in the general gynecology clinic. It causes discomfort among healthcare staffs and significant losses in terms of time and finances. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the affected factors of dysmenorrhea and evaluate the self-perceived efficacy of relief methods. Methods: A cross-sectional research design was used to collect data. Participants included 586 female students enrolled at a college in southern Taiwan. Data was analyzed using a t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffe test. Results: Traditional Chinese medicine pattern identifications related significantly to dysmenorrhea frequency perception. Lifestyle characteristics related significantly to dysmenorrhea level perception. Using shenghua decoction, siwu and pig blood decoction, Angelica drink, ginger, ziziphus jujube, brown sugar tea, and analgesics all related significantly to dysmenorrhea relief efficacy. Conclusions / Implications for Practice: Strategies found to help relieve dysmenorrhea level perception include increasing the duration and regularity of sleep and avoiding the consumption of pungent foods. Seeking and adhering to physician recommendations can also increase dysmenorrhea self-care efficacy. Dysmenorrhea-relief courses should be improved in hospitals and schools to assist women to self-manage dysmenorrhea more effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the 2010 statistics of Department of Health, accident was ranked first in the top ten cause of death among teenagers, led by automobile accident. The family tragedies and social cost as result of accidental deaths has a profound impact. This report described the nursing experience of a 20 years old university student involving in an automobile accidents when riding a motorcycle with a companion, resulting in multiple trauma, intracranialhemorrhage and facial bone fracture, which led to surgery and ICU admission. The author collected data through physical assessment and family assessment from March 30th to April19th, 2010. The problems identified were: impaired spontaneous ventilation, impaired tissue integrity and interrupted family program. General and individual nursing care was provided to the patient to facilitate a stable recovery from acute trauma phase. To assist the family in facing the psychological impact from the abrupt accident, complete detail of the patient's condition was explained and ICU visiting hours was adjusted to meet their demands and further alleviating their stress. Further assistance was provided to aid the patient and family in returning to normal life style. (Tzu Chi Nursing Journal, 2012; 11:3, 99-108) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the impact of Europeanisation on UK central government during the Blair government. The election of the Blair government in May 1997 marked a new start for the UK's European policy. Compared to its predecessors, the Blair government adopted a more positive approach to the EU. During the Blair government, what are the changes to UK central government under Europeanisation? Also, "Europeanisation" has developed in recent years as an important approach in European studies, drawing special attention to the two-way interaction between EU and domestic levels in the process of European integration. A case study of the Blair government, which significantly shifted the UK's policy towards Europe, facilitates an examination of Europeanisation as a two-way process of interaction between European and national levels. This case study offers an opportunity to examine the top-down effect of how UK central government "receives" changes from the EU, as well as the bottom-up effect of how UK central government "projects" its interests into the EU. This paper is, therefore, designed with the dual purpose of examining the empirical changes to UK central government under Europeanisation during the Blair government, and examining the theoretical validity of Europeanisation against the empirical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is to investigate the effect of the announcements of high cash dividends to constituent stocks of Taiwan 50, Mid-Cap 100 and high cash dividend stock index compiled by FTSE Index Corporation. These underlying stocks have the advantages of liquidity, and transparency. According to this empirical study, there are several findings as shown as follows: First of all, the share prices are encouraged more significantly for the constituents of both Taiwan 50 and high cash dividend Index. However, share prices haven't been encouraged after the announcement of cash dividend for the data of year 2008, since investors tended to be more conservative due to the subprime mortgage crisis. Secondly, it shows there is negative relationship between turnover ratio and abnormal returns of announcing cash dividend in the year of 2007. Actually, the shareholders might intend to use buy-and-hold strategy for a long time for these underlying stocks. Thirdly, it show spillover effects significantly for high yield stocks in 2007, and it means that insiders might buy these constitute stocks in advance. However, the abnormal returns are negatively before announcing cash dividends in 2008, which is different form 2007. It seems that some insiders might feel upcoming recession then sell shares in advance. Thus, the spillover effects before announcing cash dividends are existed even though during the period of banking crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although many scholars have agreed that a ch'ing-valuing trend existed in mid-late Ming culture, one should first ask how ch'ing attracted the attention of the mid-late Ming academic world. The reason that ch'ing became a cultural focus in the mid-late Ming was not only because of the prevailing culture, but also because of Ming academic fashion. Capitalist discourse caused ch'ing to become popular in the mid-late Ming. However, it was often invoked out of context to exaggerate intertextuality. While many operas and novels of this period were about love and desire, were they a part of the thought trends of that time? Although recent researchers have generally surpassed the limitations of economic determinism, they are often still influenced by "enlightenment" or "anti-tradition," both of which are contested concepts. Is ch'ing a cultural key word in the mid-late Ming? If so, how did it become one? This paper will shed some light on these questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purposes: 1) Elderly females engaging different exercise programs (walking, low impact aerobic, chi-kung) and sedentary elderly women were compared on self-esteem and functional fitness; 2) The predictability of the 6 functional fitness variables to self-esteem was also tested. Methods: 256 elderly females (55-75 years old) were selected from each of the 3-exercised group (walking, low-impact aerobic, and chi-kung class) and sedentary group respectively. Measuring instruments included Functional Fitness Test and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). One-way ANOVA was utilized to compare the three exercised-group of subjects on the overall self-esteem score (Rosenberg, 1965), and the multiple regression analysis was utilized to determine whether the 6 functional fitness predictors add to a linear function of self-esteem. Results: 'Flexibility' was found to be significant (p < .05) predictor of self-esteem. Self-esteem , 'BMI', 'FLEX', 'BAL', and 'AGIL' of the physically active elderly women were significantly (p < .05) better than the non-exercised women. Furthermore, Self-esteem , 'BMI', 'FLEX', 'BAL', 'MUSCU', and 'AGIL' scores of the elderly women of low impact aerobic exercised-group was significantly higher than those of the walking and Chi-kung group. However, no significant differences (p > .05) were found among the three groups in the mean' CARDIO' scores. Conclusion: Elderly females engaging in low impact aerobic have higher self-esteem and better functional fitness. Furthermore, Flexibility is the most important predictor of self-esteem in elderly females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the risk factors of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) dysfunction in hemodialysis (HD) patients and validate a risk warning model based upon synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE). Methods From January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021, 400 HD patients with AVF as dialysis access were selected as study subjects. According to AVF function of HD, they were assigned into two groups of poor AVF function (n=81) and normal AVF function (n=319). The relevant clinical data of selected HD patients were reviewed and the risk factors of poor AVF function screened by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression. Then the above risk factors were reconstructed by SMOTE algorithm for established an early warning model of poor AVF function. The prediction efficiency of two models was compared.Results Females, diabetes mellitus (DM), albumin 2 mmol/L and AVF stenosis were the risk factors for AVF dysfunction in HD patients (P

In order to explore the genetic variation between hybrid fruits and their parents and conduct comprehensive evaluation of hybrid fruits, seven promising F1 hybrids (7-93, 8-44, 8-176, 9-188, 9-193, 10-101 and 10-173) between ‘Yuluxiang’ and ‘Shinseiki’ pears, the female parent ‘Yuluxiang’ and the popular cultivar ‘Akizuki’ were evaluated for quality indicators such as single fruit mass, fruit shape index, hardness, soluble solid content, soluble sugar content, titratable acid content, sugar/acid ratio, vitamin C content, and aroma composition. Meanwhile, the differences in aroma among different cultivars were evaluated using orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The results showed that there was a significant difference in fruit quality among the seven F1 hybrids, with 8-44 having a fruit shape index equal to 1 and the highest soluble solids and sugar content. Altogether, 83 volatile components were detected from the nine cultivars, of which 10-173 and 8-44 had the highest total amount of volatile components, and 10-173 and 10-101 contained the highest number of volatile compounds. The major aroma components in pears were alcohols, esters, and aldehydes. The OPLS-DA results showed that the aroma components of 10-101 and 10-173 were significantly different from those of the other strains. Fruit quality traits of 10-101 had a significantly positive correlation with ethyl acetate and hexyl acetate; fruit quality traits of 10-173 had a significantly positive correlation with ethyl octanoate and α-farnesene and trans-2-hexenal, and their contents were significantly higher than those in the other strains, making the flavor more prominent. According to variable importance in the projection (VIP) results, we predicted 42 aroma markers that differed among varieties, and through odor activity value (OAV) analysis, we identified key volatile compounds that contributed to the characteristic odor of each strain. Through correlation analysis, we identified the association between pear quality traits and characteristic aromas. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the comprehensive scores of 8-44, 10-173 and 10-101 had the highest ranking, indicating that they had better fruit quality than the other strains. In summary, 8-44, 10-101, and 10-173 can be regarded as potential pear strains. This study can provide a reference for the breeding and promotion of new pear varieties.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors for the onset of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in overweight and obese male patients with gout, and to establish a predictive model for the onset of CKD. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 653 overweight and obese male patients with gout who attended The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from June 2014 to August 2020, and they were divided into CKD group and non-CKD group according to Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative formulated by the National Kidney Foundation. Basic clinical data were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate independent predictive factors for the onset of CKD, and a clinical predictive model was established. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to calculate the area under the ROC curve (AUC), and different indicators were compared in terms of their value in predicting the onset of CKD. Results Compared with the non-CKD group, the CKD group had a significantly higher age, a significantly longer course of gout, and significantly higher urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and levels of fasting blood glucose and serum creatinine (t=-8.934--2.397,P

利用含油量高、生长速度快及能净化环境的微藻转化制取生物燃料具备较大发展潜力，是实现“碳中和”和解决环境问题的有效途径之一。为了降低微藻制取生物柴油的能耗，利用湿法提取技术直接从湿藻生物质中提取油脂制备生物柴油成为研究热点，综述了传统细胞破壁提油酯交换法、原位酯交换法及新型水热破壁提油酯交换法3种湿藻油脂制备生物柴油的研究情况并分析了各自存在的问题。传统细胞破壁提油酯交换法需要有机溶剂提取油脂和酯交换两步实现生物柴油的制备，生产工艺复杂，生产投入较高。原位酯交换法可实现微藻生物质一步转化为生物柴油，但存在醇消耗量过大（酸催化原位酯交换）或高温高压能耗高（超临界醇原位酯交换）等问题。新型水热破壁提油酯交换法能够在不使用有机溶剂的情况下实现湿藻油脂的高效分离，但水热温度较高时油脂会与微藻其他组分反应导致油脂品质劣化，水热温度较低时难以有效破坏细胞壁导致油脂提取效率降低。绿色溶剂辅助水热法可有效降低水热温度并抑制副产物的生成，可提高湿藻油脂提取率。为实现湿藻油脂的高效、环保、低耗制备生物柴油，可进一步依托深共熔溶剂等创新绿色溶剂低耗高效绿色提取微藻油脂。The conversion of microalgae with high oil content, fast growth rate and environmental purification to produce biofuels has great development potential, which is one of the effective ways to achieve "carbon neutrality" and solve environmental problems. In order to reduce the energy consumption of microalgae preparation biodiesel, using wet extraction technology to directly extract oil from wet algae biomass for preparing biodiesel has been the research hotspot, three kinds of wet algae oil biodiesel preparation methods including traditional wall breaking for oil extraction and transesterification method, in situ transesterification method and new hydrothermal wall breaking for oil extraction and transesterification method were summarized and their existing problems were analyzed.The traditional wall breaking for oil extraction and transesterification method requires two steps of oil extraction with organic solvent and transesterification to realize the preparation of biodiesel，the production process is complex and the production input is high.In situ transesterification method can convert microalgal biomass into biodiesel in one step, but there are some problems such as excessive consumption of alcohol (acid catalytic in situ transesterification) or high energy consumption at high temperature and high pressure (supercritical alcohol in situ transesterification).The new hydrothermal wall breaking for oil extraction and transesterification method can realize the efficient separation of oil without using organic solvent. However, when the hydrothermal temperature is high, the reaction of oil and other components of microalgae can deteriorate the oil quality. When the hydrothermal temperature is low, it is difficult to effectively destroy the cell wall, resulting in low oil extraction efficiency.Green solvent-assisted hydrothermal method can effectively reduce the hydrothermal temperature and inhibit the generation of by-products, which can improve the extraction rate of wet algae oil. In order to realize the preparation of biodiesel with high efficiency, environmental protection and low energy consumption by wet algae oil, it can further rely on innovative green solvents such as deep eutectic solvent to achieve high efficiency,low consumption and green extraction of microalgae oil.

The thermal deposition of particle beam on the divertor target plate in tokamak and the surface ablation caused by it issue that it can not be ignored. Fishtail divertor is a new divertor design of EAST Tokamak divertor system. Its function is to guide the high-energy charged particles in the reaction to a specific target plate to avoid particle bombardment on the wall of the main discharge chamber. It can be found that the thermal deposition effect under the sinusoidal deflection current is very different from that under the direct current, which will be more conducive to the distribution of the thermal deposition area of the divertor target. The current of the divertor to the magnet coil is required to be a sinusoidal current with adjustable frequency (10-3 800 Hz) and amplitude (0-5 000 A). The power supply adopts the frequency modulation square wave to excite LCR series resonance to realize the frequency regulation of sine wave current. When the EAST Tokamak device discharges, the electromagnetic environment is complex and changeable. Therefore, the environment will lead to the change of the load inductance value, which will make the LCR resonant frequency shift, thus causing the attenuation of the output current amplitude. By establishing the equivalent mathematical model of power supply, the generation mechanism of output current and the key factors affecting the current amplitude were obtained. To ensure the accuracy of the output current, it is necessary to ensure the amplitude of the excitation voltage and the frequency of the LCR resonant network. In order to ensure the accuracy of resonant frequency, a feedback control strategy based on resonant frequency was proposed. Through the study of frequency feedback control process and simulation with the help of ANSYS simulation software, the design of power output current frequency feedback control system was completed. On the basis of theoretical analysis and simulation verification, the frequency feedback control strategy can be implemented on the power supply. Through the discharge experiments of power supply and magnet coil, it is proved that using the frequency feedback control strategy, the power supply can timely obtain the resonance network frequency deviation caused by electromagnetic environment interference on the equivalent load characteristics in 1.5 seconds, and actively correct the excitation voltage frequency to ensure the accuracy of magnet coil current of divertor. It can be seen that the feedback control strategy based on resonant frequency identification proposed can solve the problem of output sinusoidal current amplitude attenuation due to inductance change, and has good engineering value and reference significance.