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The effect of combined treatment of different mass fractions (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1.0%) L-lysine and 0.5% transglutaminase (TGase) on the water-holding capacity (WHC), texture, water mobility and distribution, microstructure and protein conformation of low-salt chicken meat batter (LCMB) gels was studied. The results showed that TGase alone had no significant effect on the WHC (P > 0.05), but significantly increased the hardness of LCMB gels (P < 0.05). In the presence of TGase, the hardness, springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness of LCMB gels showed an increasing trend with increased content L-lysine. The results of low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy indicated that L-lysine combined with TGase could increase the relative content of immobilized water (P21) and decrease the relative content of free water (P22) in LCMB gels, promote the formation of a three-dimensional ordered, compact and continuous gel network structure, and enhance the exposure of tryptophan, tyrosine and aliphatic amino acid residues in meat proteins. In conclusion, L-lysine combined with TGase treatment can improve the gel quality of LCMB by affecting its water distribution, microstructure and protein conformation.

The differences in physicochemical properties of oat, pea and apple dietary fibers and the effects of their addition on gel properties of low-salt (1% NaCl, m/m) chicken breast surimi were studied. The results showed that the water-holding capacity and swelling power of the three dietary fibers in descending order were pea dietary fiber > apple dietary fiber > oat dietary fiber. The addition of each of these dietary fibers could significantly improve the cooking yield, hardness and chewiness of low-salt chicken breast surimi (P < 0.05), and the effect of pea and apple dietary fibers was more pronounced than that of oat dietary fiber. All the dietary fibers could increase the storage modulus (Gʹ), shorten the transverse relaxation time of free water (T22), increase the relative contents of weakly bound water (P2b) and immobilized water (P21) in the gel, and promote the formation of a compact and dense three-dimensional network structure. Pea dietary fiber significantly increased the relative content of β-sheet structure (P < 0.05), whereas apple and oat dietary fibers significantly increased the relative content of β-turn (P < 0.05). In conclusion, oat, pea and apple dietary fibers can significantly improve the water-holding capacity and texture properties of low-salt chicken breast surimi gel by changing the rheological properties, water mobility and distribution, microstructure and protein secondary structure.

Central nervous system(CNS)is a complex system closely related to anesthesiology. The molecular biological mechanisms of many CNS diseases were not exactly clear. Long noncoding RNA(lncRNA) H19 is abundant in human brain and plays an important role in the regulation of various CNS diseases. Besides, lncRNA H19 is also involved in the mechanism of several anesthetics. In this review, we emphasized the role and addressed the specific mechanisms of lncRNA H19 in CNS diseases and anesthetics, hoping to provide a new theoretical basis for future researches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Soil contamination by heavy metals is a pervasive issue, and this paper investigates the spatial distribution of Pb, As, and Cd in the groundwater-soil-rice system in the Changshou district of Chongqing. We also assess their exposure risk and predict their potential changes in the future. Method Geostatistical techniques, ArcGIS, and the target hazard quotients (THQ) methods were used to assess the risk of the three metals entering food chain. Based on these results, we predicted their potential changes and distribution up to 2036. Result Pb, As, and Cd in groundwater, soil and rice co-existed spatially, with their concentrations higher in the southwest than in the northeast. The THQ model did not showed risk of rice consumption for adults (THQ (As, Pb, and Cd) <1), but showed that there was slight risk of Cd (THQCd=1.12) and Pb (THQPb=1.05) for children. The model predicted substantial differences in the content of Pb, As, and Cd between different three management scenarios: ideal, no human intervention, and severe pollution until 2036. While the contents of the heavy metals were predicted to decrease by 4% to 8% under the ideal scenario in 2036 compared to the current level in 2021, allowing severe pollution to continuously happen is expected to increase heavy metal content by 1.51 to 1.72 times the current level.Conclusion Industries are the primary source of heavy metal pollution in Changshou district. Regarding the exposure risk to children and vulnerable people, and current pollution level, strict measures, including controlling discharge of industrial waste into soils and remediating contaminated soils are essential to reducing heavy metal contents in soil and alleviating them entering food chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O'Donnell-Luria-Rodan (ODLURO) syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by mutations in the KMT2E (lysine methyltransferase 2E) gene. The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University admitted a 12-year and 9-month-old male patient who presented with growth retardation, intellectual disability, and distinctive facial features. Peripheral blood was collected from the patient, and DNA was extracted for genetic testing. Chromosome karyotyping showed 46XY. Whole-exome sequencing and low-coverage massively parallel copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq) revealed a 506 kb heterozygous deletion in the 7q22.3 region, which includes 6 genes, including KMT2E . The patient was diagnosed with ODLURO syndrome. Both the patient's parents and younger brother had normal clinical phenotypes and genetic test results, indicating that this deletion was a de novo mutation. The clinical and genetic characteristics of this case can help increase clinicians' awareness of ODLURO syndrome.

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome in which tumor-induced osteochondrosis is a metabolic bone disease caused by increased renal excretion of phosphorus due to excessive secretion of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) by tumor tissue. We report here a rare case of TIO in which the tumor was found in the hyoid body and the patient had tertiary hyperparathyroidism. The patient's symptoms did not improve after removal of the tumor from the hyoid body, and the patient's hypophosphatemia was gradually improved after subsequent removal of the left parathyroid gland. TIO derived from the tongue tumor is very rare, and also subsequent tertiary hyperparathyroidism is even rarer. This report helps to improve the understanding of TIO and provides reference in the diagnosis and treatment of TIO.

The prevalence of unilateral hearing loss（UHL） is higher, and the clinical attention to the hearing rehabilitation of UHL is not enough, resulting in many UHL patients cannot get rehabilitation timely and effectively. Severe to profound UHL（also known as single-sided deafness） patients lack binaural hearing superiority, especially the inadequate ability of sound localization, which will seriously affect their daily life and academic performance. At present, the main rehabilitation methods of UHL include various kinds of bone conduction hearing aids, vibrant soundbridge and cochlear implantation, etc. However, the rehabilitation effect of UHL patients' ability to locate the sound source is affected by the occurrence age, the type, the degree and the duration of the hearing loss. The results of rehabilitation in different literature vary greatly. This paper reviews the effects of different rehabilitation strategies on the ability of sound location and analyzes its possible causes and mechanisms., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Treatment-induced neuropathy is an distinct, acute form of neuropathic pain which often occur shortly after initiation of intensive glycemic control and is characterized by excruciating neuropathic pain. It is a rare form of diabetic neuropathy and easy to be misdiagnosed. Clinical characteristics were analyzed based on two cases of treatment-induced neuropathy in diabetes accepted by the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. It is proposed that strict glycemic control may lead to the occurrence of the disease. At Present, the pathogenesis is still unclear. Besides, the morbidity is much higher than we expected. It is important to improve the doctors awareness of this disease and avoid the the disease through carful glycemic control.