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The fine modeling of the lunar gravity field is a fundamental task for establishing lunar altitude references, conducting research on lunar interior structure, and other scientific endeavors. The lunar gravity field model constructed solely based on spacecraft orbit data has limited spatial resolution, making it challenging to meet the demands of fine gravity field research. The acquisition of high-resolution terrain models presents new opportunities for the study of precise lunar gravity fields. This paper reviews the current status and advancements in fine lunar gravity field modeling, including research efforts and evaluation methods for global lunar gravity field models, principles and technologies for fine gravity field modeling, as well as related research outcomes. On this basis, this paper systematically summarizes the key theoretical issues and technical challenges in the theory of lunar gravity field modeling based on high-resolution terrain models. These include data updating, error correction in high-frequency gravity field modeling, calculation efficiency, and the series divergence problem in spherical harmonic analysis. In addition, future research directions are discussed. This work will provide references for gravity field research on the Moon and other terrestrial planets.

To improve the performance of PcBN composites prepared under high temperature and high pressure, mixed cBN particle sizes ranging from 0 to 0.5 μm and 0.5 to 1.0 μm were used as the raw material, Al-Ti-Al2O3 was used as the binder and the carbon nanotubes with different contents were added. The PcBN composites were prepared by sintering under high temperature and high pressure conditions. The effect of carbon nanotube content on the structure and properties of PcBN composites was investigated. The results show that there is no chemical reaction between PcBN and carbon nanotubes after the addition of carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes exist in the form of reinforcement inside the composite. The composite material is relatively dense, and the relative density of PcBN increases first and then decreases with the addition of carbon nanotubes. When the mass fraction of carbon nanotubes added is 1.5%, the relative density of PcBN reaches its maximum value of 97.9%, while PcBN has the maximum microhardness and fracture toughness of 3 892 HV and 6.82 MPa·m1/2, respectively. When the mass fraction of carbon nanotubes added is 1.0%, PcBN has the maximum bending strength and wear ratio, which are 584 MPa and 6 873 MPa, respectively. The pull-out and bridging effects of carbon nanotubes improve the mechanical properties of PcBN composites.

The monolithic PcBN composite tool materials were prepared at 5.5 GPa and 1450 ℃ with different contents of Ti3AlC2 as the binder phase. The effects of different mass fractions of Ti3AlC2 on the phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties of PcBN tool materials were studied. The results show that Ti3AlC2 can decompose completely to form TiC and Al-Ti alloys under high temperature and high pressure, and reacts with cBN to form AlN, TiB2, and TiC0.7N0.3 phases. TiC, AlN, TiB2, and TiC0.7N0.3 are uniformly distributed around the cBN and tightly bonded to the cBN, thereby improving the mechanical properties of PcBN. When the mass fraction of Ti3AlC2 is 25 %, the relative density, bending strength, fracture toughness, and wear ratio of PcBN reach the maximum values, which are 98.9%, 592 MPa, 6.87 MPa·m1/2and 7 350, respectively. When the mass fraction of Ti3AlC2 is 20%, the microhardness of PcBN reaches the maximum value of 4 786.7 HV.

Background and objective As a new technique developed in recent years, bronchoscopic intervention therapy has the advantages of minimal invasion, high safety and repeatability. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of bronchopleural fistula (BPF) induced by surgeries for lung malignancies or benign diseases and the effect of bronchoscopic intervention therapy for BPF, so as to provide support for prevention and treatment of BPF. Methods Data 64 patients with BPF who were treated by bronchoscopic intervention in Respiratory Disease Center of Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from June 2020 to September 2023 were collected. Patients with fistula diameter ≤5 mm were underwent submucous injection of macrogol, combined with blocking therapy with N-butyl cyanoacrylate, medical bioprotein glue or silicone prosthesis. Patients with fistula diameter >5 mm were implanted with different stents and cardiac occluders. Locations and characteristics of fistulas were summarized, meanwhile, data including Karnofsky performance status (KPS), shortbreath scale (SS), body temperature, pleural drainage volume and white blood cell count before and after operation were observed. Results For all 64 patients, 96 anatomic lung resections including pneumonectomy, lobectomy and segmentectomy were executed and 74 fistulas occurred in 65 fistula locations. The proportion of fistula in the right lung (63.5%) was significantly higher than that in the left (36.5%). Besides, the right inferior lobar bronchial fistula was the most common (40.5%). After operation, KPS was significantly increased, while SS, body temperature, pleural drainage volume and white blood cell count were significantly decreased compared to the preoperative values (P

Background: To investigate the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT)-guided aspiration biopsy combined with rapid field evaluation for pulmonary lesions. Methods: The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched systematically for studies related to the diagnosis of lung lesions by CT-guided puncture biopsy combined with a rapid on-site indexed through October 2022. The updated Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool was applied as the main method to assess the risk of bias and applicability of the studies. Meta-analysis software was used to perform heterogeneity tests on the data. Based on the heterogeneity results, the appropriate effect model was selected to calculate the overall sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and to plot the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve, forest plot, and funnel plot. The results of the analysis of six studies (n=951) using a random-effects model showed pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals of 94%, 95%, and 159.05, respectively, with an SROC AUC of 0.98. Further analysis of the four studies that established control groups showed that the sampling adequacy and diagnostic accuracy in the ROSE group were 12% and 13% higher than those in the non-ROSE group. In conclusion, CT-guided puncture biopsy combined with rapid on-site evaluation is a practical and feasible method for diagnosing pulmonary lesions and can be used as an important clinical diagnostic method.

Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare and highly malignant tumor, which includes the following five pathologic types: pleomorphic carcinoma, spindle cell carcinoma, giant cell carcinoma, carcinosarcoma and pulmonary blastoma. The onset of PSC is occult with non-specific clinical symptoms and signs. The clinical manifestations include irritating cough, bloody sputum, dyspnea, chest pain and so on, which are closely related to the growth and invasion site of the tumor. PSC tends to metastasize early, so most patients are already in local advanced stage or advanced stage with a median survival of 9 months at the time of hospital visit. A patient with primary PSC which led to 90% stenosis in central airway was treated by combined method of vascular and tracheoscopic intervention in our respiratory center. This treatment prolonged the patient’s survival time and got a satisfactory effect at 19-month follow-up after surgery. Herein we report the case for clinical reference.

This is an essay in the field of mineral processing engineering. Humic acid is an important part of Zhaotong lignite. In order to extract humic acid efficiently, the optimum flotation conditions of Zhaotong lignite were explored by using the process of direct flotation and reverse flotation. Orthogonal experiments were designed by using the method of oxygen decomposition and alkali solution-acid separation to extract humic acid from flotation cleaned coal, and the optimal conditions of humic acid extraction were explored. The results show that the positive flotation collector consumption is large, and under the condition of surface modification of Span 80, the flotation cleaned coal yield is the highest of 26.64% and ash content is the lowest of 20.08%; the optimum conditions of reverse flotation are laurylamine 5 kg/t, dextrin 3 kg/t and foaming agent 260 g/t, and the optimum flotation indexes are as follows: flotation cleaned coal yield 84.35% and ash 20.52%, flotation tailcoal yield 15.65% and ash 36.75%, and flotation perfection index 12.08; the optimum extraction conditions of oxygen decomposition are as follows: H2O2 concentration 0.7 mol/L, H2O2 activation time 35 min, NaOH concentration 0.3 mol/L, NaOH soaking time 30 min, and the extraction rate of humic acid 37.14%; the optimal extraction conditions of alkali-soluble acid chromatography are as follows: concentration of hydrochloric acid 10%, activation time of hydrochloric acid 30 min, NaOH concentration 0.7 moL/L, NaOH soaking time 30 min, and the extraction yield 43.80%. Reverse flotation can obtain higher yield of high ash flotation clean coal than normal flotation, and the extraction rate is higher when the humic acid of Zhaotong lignite is extracted by alkali solution-acid separation method.

This is an essay in the field of mining engineering. Recently, the application research of surfactants such as frother agents has become significantly important in mineral flotation, because it provides huge information on the characteristics of the gas-liquid interface before the bubble-particle collision or attachment. Moreover, it proposes important theories for the optimization of the flotation process. This article focuses on the potential measurement, tension test, and adsorption characteristics of the gas-liquid interface. The profile analysis tensiometry (PAT) test method for the adsorption characteristics of the gas-liquid interface is also introduced. Meanwhile, the research work on the characteristics of the gas-liquid interface has prospected.

Starting from the problems exposed in the process of anti-wind exercise in low gas mine, such as large-area over limit alarm of multiple mining faces, long over limit time of the excavation face, and failure to reach the time of anti-wind exercise, the influence of main ventilator types on mine anti-wind, the influence of development system on forwarding ventilation and anti-wind ventilation, the risk of anti-wind in high gas mines and coal and gas outburst mines, and the risks of anti-wind in multi-shaft mines are analyzed. It pointed out that there are institutional deficiencies in departmental regulations and industry standards, as well as the requirements for anti-wind exercises, air volume, and gas concentration control. Suggestions were proposed such as establishing a review mechanism of anti-wind exercise, standardizing the management of anti-wind exercise facilities, encouraging enterprises to formulate anti-wind exercise enterprise standards, including relevant provisions of national science and technology research plans, and revising departmental regulations and industry standards.

Considering the characteristics of carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East, a low-viscosity microemulsion acid that can be prepared on site and has an appropriate retardation ability was developed. It was compared with four conventional acid systems (hydrochloric acid, gelled acid, emulsified acid and surfactant acid) through experiments of rotating disk, multistage acid fracturing and core flooding with CT scanning. The micro-etching characteristics and conductivity of fracture surfaces were clarified, and the variation of saturation field during water invasion and flowback of spent acid and the recovery of oil phase relative permeability were quantitatively evaluated. The study shows that the addition of negatively charged agent to the oil core of microemulsion acid can enhance its adsorption capacity on the limestone surface and significantly reduce the H+ mass transfer rate. Moreover, the negatively charged oil core is immiscible with the Ca2 + salt, so that the microemulsion acid can keep an overall structure not be damaged by Ca2 + salt generated during reaction, with adjustable adsorption capacity and stable microemulsion structure. With high vertical permeability along the fracture walls, the microemulsion acid can penetrate into deep fracture wall to form network etching, which helps greatly improve the permeability of reservoirs around the fractures and keep a high conductivity under a high closure pressure. The spent microemulsion acid is miscible with crude oil to form microemulsion. The microemulsion, oil and water are in a nearly miscible state, with basically no water block and low flowback resistance, the flowback of spent acid and the relative permeability of oil are recovered to a high degree.

To establish a method for the determination of morpholine guanidine residues in lettuce, ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and uncertainty evaluation of the established method were studied. After samples were extracted and purified, the morpholine guanidine was quantified by scanning with positive ions from an electrospray ionization source in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The uncertainty was synthesized by building a mathematical model to analyze the sources of measurement uncertainty and quantify each uncertainty component. The morpholinoguanidine showed a good line in the range of 0.1~20 mg/L with a correlation coefficient R2 of 0.999 3. The spiked recoveries at the three levels of 0.5, 5.0 and 10.0 μg/kg ranged from 84.08% to 98.06% (n=6) with the relative standard deviations of 3.58% to 5.26% (n=6), and the extended uncertainty was 2.84 μg/kg (k=2) at 95% confidence interval for the determination of morpholine guanidine in the sample at 17.5 μg/kg. The method was rapid and efficient, highly accurate and reproducible, and the recovery and precision can meet the test requirements. The uncertainty was mainly caused by the standard solution, the establishment of the standard curve and the recovery of the sample spiking. The experimental results could provide a reference for the determination of morpholine guanidine residues in lettuce by UPLC-MS/MS and the uncertainty evaluation.

The adhesion on the food surface of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) plays an important role in their colonization and biological control. The inoculated conditions of LAB Lac 9-3 (including the inoculum concentration, bacterial growth stage, soaking time, and inoculum pH) were optimized using the random-centroid optimization (RCO) method. Meanwhile, the effect of LAB Lac 9-3 on the growth and microflora of spoilage bacteria of Litopenaeus vannamei was also investigated using the high throughput sequencing technology during the storage time at 0, 8, and 14 days. The results indicated that the optimal inoculated conditions of LAB Lac 9-3 were as follows: The inoculum concentration was 108 CFU/mL, the growth stage was 14.1 h (corresponding to the early stabilization period), the soaking time was 17.41 min, and the inoculum pH was 6.51. The adhesion quantity of LAB Lac 9-3 reached 2.08×109 CFU/g under the optimal inoculated conditions, which obtained a 72.65% increase compared to that of the control group at the same concentration. Besides, the growth of Shewanella, Carnobacterium, Aliivibrio, and Vibrio in L. vannamei treated by LAB Lac 9-3 was significantly inhibited, indicating that improving the adhesion of LAB Lac 9-3 could increase the adhesion quantity on the surface of L. vannamei. The LAB Lac 9-3 might process the application potential in food preservation due to its regulating role in microflora and the spoilage process of aquatic products.

Objective To contrastive analyze the safety of percutaneous dilated tracheotomy under direct vision (PDTUDV) compared with standard percutaneous dilated tracheotomy (PDT) in severe neurosurgical patients. Methods A total of 420 severe neurosurgical patients were included from January 2012 to December 2021, with 163 cases received percutaneous dilated tracheotomy under direct vision and 257 cases received standard percutaneous dilated tracheotomy. Operation time, as well as complication rates of severe intraoperative bleeding, low oxygen, cardiac arrest, and subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax, mediastinal emphysema, tracheal catheter entering the outer airway space, posterior tracheal wall injury and incision infection were recorded. Results Percutaneous dilated tracheostomy under direct vision operation time was longer than standard percutaneous dilated tracheostomy [(21.74 ± 2.90) min vs. (12.74 ± 1.96) min; t = 38.050, P = 0.000]. The complication rate in the standard percutaneous dilation tracheostomy group was 7.78% (20/257), 5 cases (1.95%) with severe intraoperative bleeding, 4 cases (1.56%) with subcutaneous emphysema, one case (0.39%) with pneumothorax, 2 cases (0.78%) with mediastinal emphysema, 2 cases (0.78%) with tracheal catheter entering the outer airway space, 3 cases (1.17%) with posterior tracheal wall injury, and 3 cases (1.17%) with incision infection; the complication rate of percutaneous dilated tracheostomy under direct vision group was 4.29% (7/163), one case (0.61%) with severe intraoperative hemorrhage, 2 cases (1.23%) with subcutaneous emphysema, 2 cases (1.23%) with mediastinal emphysema, one case (0.61%) with tracheal catheter entering the outer airway space, one case (0.61%) with incision infection, there was no significant difference in the complication rate between 2 groups (χ2 = 2.017, P = 0.156). Conclusions Percutaneous dilated tracheostomy under direct vision can be effectively used in severe neurosurgical patients with standard percutaneous dilation tracheostomy uesd limited. It is easy to operate, minimally invasive, and does not increase the complication rate.

Objective: Chitosan-coated nuciferine liposomes (CS-LP) were prepared and their hypolipidemic effects in vivo were investigated. Methods: The CS-LP were prepared by thin film dispersion and pH gradient methods, and their particle size and potential distribution, encapsulation rate, microscopic morphology and in vitro release curves were determined, and their hypolipidemic effects on obese mice were investigated. Results: The CS-LP was produced in a homogeneous spherical structure with a particle size of 253.54±4.25 nm, a zeta potential of 32.50±3.44 mV. The encapsulation rate of CS-LP was 83.46%. Compared with nuciferine liposomes (LP), the stability of CS-LP in the simulated digestive solution was improved after adding the chitosan. Compared with the high-fat group, mice gavaged with CS-LP for 11 weeks showed a 12.91% and 41.03% significant reduction in body weight and adipose tissue weight, respectively (P

Objective: To study the effect of corn by-product fermented beverage (CPFB) on glucolipid metabolism in diabetes mice. Methods: Diabetes mice model was established by high fat diet combined with streptozocin (STZ). The mice were divided into normal control group (NC), model control group (MC), high dose group (H-CPFB，0.1 mL/10 g·bw), mid dose group (M-CPFB，0.05 mL/10 g·bw)， low dose group (L-CPFB，0.025 mL/10 g·bw), free drinking product group (F-CPFB) and positive control group (PC, 150 mg/kg metformin hydrochloride). During the experiment, the fasting blood-glucose level (FBG) and body weight were measured every 7 days. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), total cholesterol (TG), total triglycerides (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in liver were measured after treatment with different doses of fermented beverages for 28 consecutive days. Results: Corn by-product fermented beverage could significantly reduce the fasting blood glucose level of model mice (P

A double potential well flat ion trap was designed as an ion accumulating and focusing device for multi-reflection time-of-flight mass analyzer. Two potential wells of the trap were severally used for accumulation of injected ions, controlled cooling and ejection of trapped ions, which had features to accumulate ions continuously and cool ion for almost one period. While a flat ion trap with only one potential well is a traditional and excellent ion accumulating and focusing device, which has an intermittent ion accumulation and an ion cooling around half period. Compared with the single potential well flat ion trap, the double potential well flat ion trap had better performance on ion accumulation and focusing in principle. Four steps to run the trap were simulated and researched by an ion optics simulator of SIMION 8.1. The first step was ion accumulation, ions were successively injected into the trap, and then stored and accumulated in the first potential well. The second step was ion transfer, the trapped ions were transferred from the first potential well to the second potential well. The third step was ion cooling, the trapped ions were confined in the second potential well, and were simultaneously cooled by collisions with 0.5 Pa He. The fourth step was ion ejection, the trapped ions were ejected from the trap and focused into the next device. Ion optics simulations indicated that the trap had a period from 1 ms to above 10 ms, a total ion transmission efficiency of 83%, and an ion flux of at most 1.6×106 ions. In addition, ion packets ejected from the trap had thermalized with radial diameters of 1.0 and 1.0 mm, angular standard deviations of 24 mrad and 16 mrad, and an energy standard deviation of 15 eV. This trap can be coupled with and provide high-flux and full-focusing ion packets for multi-reflection time-of-flight mass analyzers, due to an excellent suitability between the operation of the analyzer and the period, the ion transmission efficiency, the ion flux, and ejected ion packets of the trap.

Objective: To investigate the antioxidant and anti-aging effects of wall broken rape pollen on aging model mice induced by D-galactose. Methods: 48 mice were randomly divided into blank control group, aging model group, wall broken rape pollen high (560 mg/kg), medium (280 mg/kg), low (140 mg/kg) group and VC group. The blank control group was intraperitoneally injected with normal saline every day, and the other groups were intraperitoneally injected with D-galactose (120 mg/kg) every day to induce the aging model. At the same time, the drug group was gavaged with high, medium and low doses of broken wall rape pollen suspension and VC solution, weighed every week, and the liver, spleen, kidney and thymus of mice were taken after 6 weeks to weigh the organ mass and calculate the organ index. The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in serum and liver were determined by biochemical method. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of liver in aging mice. The expressions of Bax, Sirt1 and p53 proteins in the liver of aging mice were detected by Western Blot. Results: Compared with the aging model group, the medium and high dose groups of broken wall rape pollen could significantly improve the body mass, organ index of thymus, liver, spleen and kidney (P

Objective To investigate the predictive value of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score combined with serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) on admission to ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 487 patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology of Tangshan Gongren Hospital from May 2018 to December 2019 were selected. The clinical data of patients were collected such as gender, age, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, previous stroke history, smoking and drinking history, serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), hs-CRP, homocysteine (Hcy), fasting blood glucose (FBG). The NIHSS scale was used to evaluate the degree of neurological deficit at admission, and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the prognosis when the patient was discharged. The mRS score ≤ 2 was defined as good prognosis, and the mRS score > 2 was defined as poor prognosis. Univariate and multivariate forward Logistic regression analysis were used to screen risk factors for poor prognosis of ischemic stroke, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the predictive value of NIHSS and hs-CRP levels at admission alone or in combination for patient prognosis. Results Compared with the good prognosis group, the poor prognosis group had higher proportions of male patients (χ2 = 4.729, P = 0.030), previous history of stroke (χ2 = 13.665, P = 0.000), and drinking alcohol (χ2 = 8.326, P = 0.004). The NIHSS score at admission (Z = -9.316, P = 0.000), serum FBG (Z = -3.234, P = 0.001), Hcy (Z = -3.652, P = 0.000) and hs-CRP (Z = -8.780, P = 0.000) level in poor prognosis group were higher than those in good prognosis group. Logistic regression analysis showed that the NIHSS score increased at admission (OR = 1.316, 95%CI: 1.223-1.417; P = 0.000), and the serum hs-CRP level increased (OR = 1.045, 95%CI: 1.032-1.058; P = 0.000) were risk factors for the prognosis of ischemic stroke. The area under the curve (AUC) predicted by the two combined (AUC = 0.903; 95%CI: 0.873-0.928, P = 0.000) exceeded than that of the NIHSS score at admission alone (AUC = 0.818; 95%CI: 0.781-0.852, P = 0.000) and the serum hs-CRP alone (AUC = 0.806; 95%CI: 0.768-0.840, P = 0.000); pairwise comparison found that the combination of the two was better than the NIHSS score at admission alone (Z = 3.187, P = 0.001) and serum hs-CRP alone (Z = 4.418, P = 0.000). Conclusions NIHSS score and high level of serum hs-CRP at admission are risk factors for poor prognosis of ischemic stroke. Combining NIHSS score and serum hs-CRP can provide an effective reference for clinical prediction of poor prognosis of ischemic stroke.

Aiming at the problem that when the multidimensional scaling (MDS) method is used to reduce the dimensionality of high-dimensional data,the new sample lacks the mapping matrix and cannot carry out low-dimensional embedding,an incremental multidimensional scaling (IMDS) method was proposed.Firstly,the dual local nearest neighbor standardization (DLNS) technology was introduced to solve the problem of data having multiple centers and obvious variance differences after IMDS dimensionality reduction.Secondly,Hotelling T2 statistics was used to monitor the process,and a fault detection method (IMDS-DLNS) with incremental multi-dimensional scale transformation and double local neighbor standardization was constructed.Finally,through numerical simulation of the process and penicillin fermentation process,the IMDS-DLNS method is compared with PCA,KPCA,FD-KNN and other methods,respectively.The results show that IMDS-DLNS has a higher fault detection rate compared to other methods.IMDS-DLNS method has good fault detection capabilities for multivariable and multimodal processes,and can guarantee product quality and production safety,which provides some reference for industrial process fault detection.

In the present study, the basic qualities and nutritional components of five different varieties of mulberries (Hongguo No.2, Jialing No.30, Yunsang No.2, Shushen No.1 and Wuhedashi) in Sichuan were compared and evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). The results showed that there were significant differences among the quality indicators of five mulberry varieties (P Shushen No.1> Wuhedashi> Jialing No.30> Hongguo No.2. According to cluster analysis, the mulberry varieties could be divided into three categories. Among them, Yunsang No.2 of class Ⅱ had the highest content of VC (0.77 mg/g), phenols (4.36 mg/g) and anthocyanins (1.05 mg/g). With the highest principal component score and the best quality, Yunsang No.2 was the most suitable for promoting planting and deep processing in Sichuan area to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of mulberry. It could be used as an alternative variety for health product development, and was suitable for the production of mulberry jam, fruit paste and dried fruit. Class Ⅰ included Wuhedashi, Jialing No.30 and Hongguo No.2 and was suitable for the production of fruit juice due to high water content (86.11%, 88.18% and 86.49%, respectively) and high juice yield (68.51%, 64.80% and 65.51%, respectively). Wuhedashi subclass was also suitable for for the production of fruit wine or as a freshly consumable crops due to its high content of total sugar (11.64%) and reducing sugar (8.77%) and relatively low content of total acid (6.70%). Shushen No.1 of class Ⅲ was suitable for processing as dried fruit and jam product with small fruit (1.60 g), low pH value (4.01), high sugar content (13.19%) and low juice yield (55.73%).

Long-term rainfall causes progressive damage to a slope. In this process, the slip zone soil will reach the residual strength under different water-containing states with the change of water content. The traditional strain softening model cannot accurately express the dynamic characteristics of the residual strength of the slip zone soil during this change, resulting in difficulty to get close to reality in the simulation of the landslide development process. The strain softening model that involves the dynamic residual strength can more realistically simulate the development of the stability of the landslide when the water content changes. Based on this, the field investigation was carried out on the Kualiangzi landslide in Zhongjiang County in Sichuan, and the slip zone soil was obtained through the on-site shaft. The ring shear test is used to study the relationship between the mechanical parameters of the slip zone soil and the water content, and a strain softening model based on the dynamic residual strength is established to simulate the development of the Kualiangzi landslide when the slip zone soil is at different water content stages. The evolution process of the landslide through the evolution of the plastic zone and the sliding surface is analyzed and compared with the current failure characteristics. The research results show that the increase of water content makes the shear resistance of slip zone soil attenuate significantly, the peak and residual shear strength decrease almost linearly, and the residual strength parameters show the characteristics of cubic attenuation. The strain softening model established based on the attenuation law of residual strength parameters simulates the deformation and failure process of the Kualiangzi landslide. It is found that when the water content of the slip zone soil is less than 20%, the slope only produces a plastic zone at the front edge; when the water content reaches 22%, a plastic zone and a non-penetrated sliding surface begin to appear in the middle and upper parts of the slope; when the water content of the slip zone soil reaches 24%, the plastic zone tends to penetrate, the landslide enters a state of accelerated deformation, and tensile cracks are generated on the slope surface; when the water content reaches 26%, the landslide is in a state of instability, and the development of the tensile plastic zone and failure surface of the slope is highly consistent with the current failure characteristics of the landslide. The results can provide a certain theoretical basis for the stability study of related landslides.

Aiming at the problem of low fault detection rate in multimode process by traditional SVDD method,a fault detection method of support vector data description based on adaptive moving window (AMW-SVDD) was proposed.Firstly,the grid search method was used to establish the window width sequence and obtain the initial window width.Next,the moving window technology was applied to segment the overall data into multiple sub windows according to the window width.Then,the grid search method and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm were used to get the optimal window width and the model sequence composed of the optimal SVDD model in each window.Finally,the optimal model sequence was used for fault detection,and this method was applied to numerical cases and Tennessee Eastman (TE) data sets.The results show that compared with traditional fault detection methods such as KPCA and SVDD,AMW-SVDD method can effectively capture the multimode characteristics of process data.In AMW-SVDD method,the local features of data are captured by moving window technology,and the local model is optimized by PSO algorithm,the combination of the two could adaptively determine the window width and further obtain the optimal model sequence,so that the problem of fault detection in multimode process can be effectively solved,which provides some reference for improving the fault detection performance of SVDD method in multimode process.[HQ]

Due to their unique chemical and physical properties, ionic liquids are recognized as a class of green and environmentally friendly diluents with great application prospects in the field of solvent extraction. In addition to their good solubility for extractants and extracted species, ionic liquid extraction systems often exhibit satisfactory performance through ion exchange mechanism. Task-specific ionic-liquids(TSILs) emerge as a kind of chemically modified ionic liquids, which possess dual functions of ionic liquids and ligands with specific chelating groups. TSILs can not only be used as diluents in the extraction process, but also serve as extractants for separation of metal ions. In the past two decades, TSILs have received extensive attention in the area of nuclear waste treatment. This review first introduces ionic liquids and TSILs focusing on their structural connections and differences. Then, a summary is offered to briefly evaluate the ionic liquids used for the extraction and separation of uranyl ions, thorium ions, lanthanides, and minor actinides, respectively. Finally, this review also provides the outlook of TSILs for lanthanide/actinide separation.

The geo-hazards comprehensive evaluation index system was established in the early stage of the team, and the number, the number density, the volume and the volume density, which reflect the spatial dimension, are used to evaluate the development degree of geo-hazards, excluding the evaluation factors reflecting the time dimension. In this paper, disaster years reflecting the time dimension are introduced to enrich the development degree evaluation system of geo-hazards. The median logarithmic method and probability density distribution are respectively used to processing data of disaster years and volume, and the entropy weight is used to determine the weight of evaluation factors. The evaluation models are established and the evaluation results are divided into four levels by the slope method, reflecting the development status of disasters. The geo-hazards occurred in 31provinces in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) from 2011 to 2020 are taken as examples, the development degree of geo-hazards (landslide, collapse and debris flow) is evaluated and divided according to this method. The results show that the geo-hazards high development areas cover 323 counties in total, involving 19 provinces, mainly occurring in Southeast China, Southwest China and Northwest China. The sub-high development areas cover 566 counties in total, involving 25 provinces, mainly occurring in Southwest China, South Central China and Southeast China. The moderately development areascover 623 counties in total, involving 30 provinces, mainly occurring in Northwest China and North China. The low development areas cover 1336 counties in total, involving 30 provinces, mainly occurring in North China, Northeast China and East China. When compared with the national disaster prevention deployment situation or the geo-hazards distribution, the evaluation results are in good agreement with the reality. In addition, through field investigation, the evaluation results are more consistent with the actual situation.

In the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) remote sensing image, ships are visually significant targets on the sea surface. Because they are made of metal, thus the backscatter is strong, while the sea surface is smooth and the backscatter is weak. However, the large-width SAR remote sensing image has a complicated sea background, and the features of various ship targets are quite different. To solve this problem, a SAR remote sensing image ship detection model called NanoDet is proposed. NanoDet is based on visual saliency. First, the image samples are divided into various scene categories using an automatic clustering algorithm. Second, differentiated saliency detection is performed for images in various scenes. Finally, the optimized lightweight network model, NanoDet, is used to perform feature learning on the training samples added with the saliency maps, so that the system model can achieve fast and high-precision ship detection effects. This method is helpful for the real-time application of SAR images. The lightweight model is conducive to hardware transplantation in the future.This study conducts experiments based on the public data set SSDD and AIR-SARship-2.0, and the experiments results verify the effectiveness of our approach.

To solve the problem caused by kernel entropy component analysis (KECA) for selecting the same kernel parameters for different faults,a fault detection of industrial process based on ensemble kernel entropy component analysis (EKECA) was proposed.Firstly,a series of kernel functions with different width parameters were selected to project the nonlinear data into the kernel feature space.The eigenvalues and eigenvectors with large contribution to Rényi entropy were selected to obtain the transformed score matrix.The multiple KECAsubmodels were established.Secondly,the test data were projected onto each KECA submodel.The statistics of each KECA submodel were calculated to obtain the detection results.Finally,the detection results of each KECA submodel were turned into probability by Bayesian decision.The unified statistics were calculated by ensemble learning strategy and judged whether it exceeds the control limit.The algorithm was applied to a numerical example and the TE process.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the fault detection rate and reduce the false alarm rate compared with traditional EKPCA,KECA and other algorithms.This method solves the problem of selecting kernel parameters for different faults in the traditional KECA algorithm and provides a reference for improving the performance of KECA algorithm in fault detection of nonlinear industrial processes.[HQ]

The stress state of joints is the key to the mechanical performance of the space structure. In this paper the constant amplitude fatigue performance of the pin in space structure was investigated. The fatigue numerical simulation of 32 theoretical models with 5 factors was carried out on the basis of similar numerical models and nCode Designlife analysis software. The S-N curve was obtained and the fatigue life calculation formula was established. The analysis results indicate that: Under the symmetrical cyclic loading (R=-1), the hot spot stress of the pin locates at the contact surface of the pin with the interface of the outer and inter ear plates, and the nominal allowable stress amplitude corresponding to 2×106 cycles is 94.42 MPa. The constant amplitude fatigue performance of the pin is negatively correlated with the three parameters, the pin hole clearance, the thickness of the ear plate, and the distance between the ear plates, while positively correlated with the pin diameter and the yield strength of the pin material. The ranking of the sensitivity of the factors affecting the constant amplitude fatigue performance of the pin is: the material of pin→the clearance of pin hole→the space between ear plates→the diameter of pin→the thickness of ear plate.

This paper provides an exploratory study about data quality evaluation index system of geological hazard. To serve geological hazard research and national geological hazard prevention, select five dimensions of completeness, timeliness, accuracy, consistency, and standardization as first-level indicators, which contains 10 secondary indicators and 28 tertiary indicators. Take the geological hazard database of a province in central China as an example, conduct data quality evaluation with Delphi method, the results show that is good the overall situation of the province's geological hazard database quality. This quality evaluation of geological hazard data is an exploratory research that integrates science and practicability, it is of great significance for improving the data quality to support geological hazard research and national geological hazard prevention.

In order to effectively improve the fault detection and monitoring performance of support vector machine (SVM) algorithm,a new fault detection algorithm of industrial process based on DW-ICA-SVM was proposed.Firstly,the training data was normalized.The independent component analysis (ICA) was used to obtain the independent component matrix of the data and extract the hidden non-Gaussian information.Then the Durbin-Watson (DW) criterion was used to calculate the DW values of the independent components (ICs).The DW method was used to effectively extract important noise information and select the important ICs.The ICs containing important information were used as the input of the SVM model to obtain the discriminant classification function.The ICs of test data were input to the model for fault detection and monitoring.Finally,the method was applied to the nonlinear numerical example and the Tennessee-Eastman industrial process,and compared with PCA,LPP,ICA,SVM and ICA-SVM methods.The results show that the proposed method reduces the autocorrelation among samples and effectively improves the fault detection rate.The proposed method strengthens the extraction and recognition of hidden non-Gaussian information to a certain extent,and provides a reference for improving the performance of SVM algorithm in fault detection of industrial process.

Based on the analysis of the 39-year water level dynamic trend of groundwater in well Yu-01，combined with the investigation of the surrounding observation environment and the analysis of the recharge and discharge of groundwater in the aquifer of well Yu-01，it is concluded that the main factors causing the steep trend decline of water level in well Yu-01 since 2006 are the large-scale exploitation and utilization of groundwater，followed by coal mining and drainage，and the removal of earthquake precursor anomalies.

BLADE is the commercial name of a spin-echo imaging technique that uses periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction (PROPELLER) k-space trajectory. In this study, the efficiency of using BLADE to improve hippocampal imaging in mental patients was assessed. The hippocampi of 47 mental patients were imaged on a 3.0 T scanner along the oblique coronal orientation using the T2WI TSE and T2WI FLAIR sequences with or without the use of BLADE. The same four sequences were also used to scan a standard American College of Radiology (ACR) phantom according to the ACR standards. The hippocampal images were scored by two radiologists using a 5-point scale, in terms of motion artifact, pulsation artifact, perceptive coarseness and image quality. The outcomes were compared between the sequences by two-sample Wilcoxon tests. The images of the phantom were evaluated semi-quantitatively for high contrast spatial resolution (HCSR) and low contrast object detection detectability (LCD) by counting the number of hole arrays and spokes that could be detected. The results showed that, compared to the conventional sequences, the sequences combined with BLADE technique showed significantly reduced motion and pulsation artifacts (p

A visualization experimental method of foam flooding was developed by combining nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and traditional core flooding method. On this basis, a new method to evaluate the dynamic stability of foam in the core during displacement process was established. Using this method, the displacement characteristics and dynamic stability of foam of S-2 (the main component is sodium lauryl sulfate) and S-NP-2 (the main components are sodium lauryl sulfate and silica nanoparticles) in two different displacement modes, i.e. direct foam flooding and foam flooding after water flooding, were studied. The results show that the NMR images and the T2 (transverse relaxation time) spectrum reflected the displacement characteristics. The flooding efficiency of S-2 and S-NP-2 after water flooding was increased by 18.05% and 25.68% and reached 63.72% and 67.50% respectively at last, higher than direct foam flooding. The same foam system had better stability in foam flooding after water flooding than in direct foam flooding, and foam S-NP-2 is more stable than foam S-2 under the same displacement mode. Key words: foam flooding, flooding experiment, flooding efficiency, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), foam stability, evaluation method

Objective To compare the differences in the stress distribution in simulated first molars prepared with three rotary nickel⁃titanium instruments. Methods Four simulated first molars were prepared without instruments and with Reciproc, WaveOne and Protaper. Before and after preparation, each simulated molar was scanned by Micro ⁃CT. The data were imported to Mimics 16.0 software to establish three⁃dimensional models. Finite element analysis was pro⁃ cessed with Abaqus 6.14 software under conditions of longitudinal and lateral load. Results Under vertical load condi⁃ tions, the maximum von Mises stress of the enamel increased by 1.36%, 21.48% and 20.99% in the Reciproc, WaveOne and Protaper groups, respectively, after preparation, while the maximum von Mises stress of the cementum increased by 55.98% , 41.18% and 33.04% , respectively, and the maximum von Mises stress of the alveolar bone increased by 45.55%, 40.37% and 24.09%, respectively. Under 45° lateral load conditions, the maximum von Mises stress of the enamel increased by 1.79%, ⁃4.58% and 3.82% in the Reciproc, WaveOne and Protaper groups, respectively, after prep⁃ aration, while the maximum von Mises stress of cementum increased by 16.33%, 7.58% and 4.32%, respectively, and the maximum von Mises stress of the alveolar bone increased by 46.82%, 36.40% and 8.29%, respectively. Under the same conditions, the von Mises stresses of the cementum and alveolar bones of the simulated molars were higher after preparation than before preparation, especially under lateral load conditions. The stress was focused on the border be⁃ tween the crown and the root. The von Mises stress of the cementum and alveolar bones increased much more in the Re⁃ ciproc group than in the other two groups under both conditions. Conclusion The von Mises stress of simulated molars was greater after preparation than before preparation. The von Mises stress of the cementum and alveolar bones in⁃ creased much more in the Reciproc group than in the other two groups.

Laser processing technology can produce various types of surface textures on material. In order to investigate the effect of surface texture type processed by laser on the wettability, line, grid and spot patterns are fabricated on titanium surface based on nanosecond laser processing technology. Then surface morphology, water contact angle, roughness and chemical composition of the processed titanium surface are analyzed by scanning electron microscope, contact angle measuring device, surface analyzer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. It is found that the roughness of titanium surfaces processed by nanosecond laser increases significantly compared with that of the unprocessed titanium surface, while the surface contact angles of the processed titanium surfaces are all less than 90°. As time goes on, the chemical composition variation of ablated titanium surface results in the change of material surface free energy, which leads to a general increase of the surface contact angle. Finally, the surface contact angle is almost unchanged once the chemical composition of titanium surface reaches steady state. For each type of surface texture, surface contact angle increases as the roughness rises. The surface contact angles of processed titanium surfaces with line, grid and spot patterns can be 157.2°, 153.1° and 134.6°, which verifies the possibility of wettability change of titanium from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity.

Background 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG), which can be taken by cardiac sympathetic postganglionic fibers, is an imaging agent to assess the cardiac sympathetic nerve function. The present study is to assess the cardiac sympathetic nerve function of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) by 131I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy and preliminarily explore its applications in the early diagnosis of PD. Methods Twenty-one eligible PD patients (16 early PD and 5 late PD) and 9 normal controls were enrolled in the study. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Hoehn-Yahr stage were used to evaluate the severity of PD. Planar images of chest were obtained at different time points (15 min, 4 h and 24 h) after injection of 3 mCi 131I-MIBG, and then the 131I-MIBG myocardial uptake ratios were calculated. Results 1) The 131I-MIBG myocardial uptake ratios in PD group at 15 min (1.67 ± 0.38), 4 h (1.53 ± 0.47) and 24 h (1.35 ± 0.42) after injection were lower than those in the normal control group respectively (P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.000), and the 131I-MIBG myocardial uptake ratios in the PD group reduced over time (P = 0.002, 0.000, 0.000). 2) The 131I-MIBG myocardial uptake ratios in the early and late PD groups at 15 min [(1.73 ± 0.40) and (1.50 ± 0.30)], 4 h [(1.58 ± 0.51) and (1.37 ± 0.31)], 24 h [(1.39 ± 0.46) and (1.24 ± 0.29)] after injection were lower than those in the normal control group respectively (early PD: P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.000; late PD: P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.000), and the 131I-MIBG myocardial uptake ratios in the early and late PD groups reduced over time (early PD: P = 0.012, 0.000, 0.000; late PD: P = 0.039, 0.001, 0.024). Conclusions Cardiac sympathetic nerve damage could occur in PD patients, even at an early stage of PD. 131I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy may help in the early diagnosis of PD. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2016.06.008

Background 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG) can be intaked by cardiac sympathetic postganglionic fibre, thus becomes the imaging agent to evaluate cardiac sympathetic nerve function. The aim of this study is to investigate the autonomic nerve dysfunction of patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) by using cardiac 131I-MIBG scintigraphy. Methods Clinical data of 12 MSA patients conforming to the "secord consensus statement on the diagnosis of MSA" was analyzed by Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale (UMSARS). 131I-MIBG scintigraphy was performed in 12 MSA patients and 7 age-matched controls. Planar images of the chest were obtained 15 min, 4 h and 24 h after the intravenous injection of 3 mCi 13131I-MIBG. Cardiac 131I-MIBG uptake was quantified by comparing region of interest (ROI) over heart/mediastinum (H/M) ratio. Results Cardiac 131131I-MIBG uptake ratio in MSA group was significantly less than that in control group in 15 min (1.90 ± 0.41 vs 2.38 ± 0.32, P = 0.017) and 4 h (1.96 ± 0.63 vs 2.60 ± 0.55, P = 0.039). There were significant difference (P < 0.05) between MSA group and control group. Conclusions Cardiac 131I-MIBG uptake ratio in MSA group was less than that in control group. This finding suggests cardiac sympathetic degeneration may occur in MSA patients. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.03.018

With a greater understanding of tumor biology, novel molecular-targeted strategies that block cancer progression pathways have been evaluated as a new therapeutic approach for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), such as gefitinib and erlotinib, show favorable response to EGFR mutant lung cancer in some populations of NSCLC patients. However, the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs is limited by either primary (de novo) or acquired resistance after therapy. This review will focus on recently identified mechanisms of primary and acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs and strategies currently being employed to overcome resistance.

Background and objective Autoantibodies as new tumor markers may play an important role in the early diagnosis and evaluating the prognosis of lung cancer. In this study, we detect epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) autoantibodies using peptide array and screen the epitopes which are recognized by EGFR autoantibodies. Methods Peptide array covering the extracellular domain of EGFR protein was synthesized by a synthesizer (ASPSL) made by Intavis company. EGFR autoantibodies in the serums of non-small cell lung cancer patients was detected using peptide array. Results Six of 20 patients were found to have EGFR autoantibodis. The positive rate is 30%. Nine high frequency spots were found in the 6 positive patients and 8 high frequency spots clustered in the III and IV domains. Conclusion These findings will offer new clues for the futher studies of EGFR and EGFR autoantibodies.

ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst is an institutional repository that collects, manages, and disseminates intellectual output of UMass Amherst faculty, researchers, and students. In less than five years, it has become one of the top five Digital Commons repositories with more than 23,000 items and over half-a-million full-text downloads. ScholarWorks content recruitment strategies are examined as a case study for the development of an institutional repository. The authors aim to provide best practices for developing a digital repository in academic settings and inspire colleagues to explore and adapt new strategies. ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst 是麻省大學安城校區的機構典藏，主要用於收集、管理和發布本校教師、研究人員和學生的學術成果。自建立至今不到五年的時間，以23,000 件的學術成果收藏量和超過五十萬份的文件下載數，躋身為Digital Commons 排名前五的機構典藏。本文以ScholarWorks 的發展策略為實例來探究機構典藏的發展，旨在提供一實施範例作為同行參考，並期望能以此啟發業內同行開發與新策略採用。 頁次：81-98

To address the unique color structure of colored fabric and dge limitations of commonly used single color measurdlnent toollr; a multi-source heterogeneous data fusion color representation model was established based on Transformer network. Spectral and texture features was extracted from spwtrometer data and image data respectively, Transformer network was used to fuse multi-source heterogeneous data features, their complementary characteristics was fully utilized, and the color information of colored fabric was effectively and comprehensively characterized. The results indicate that the color characterization model constructed in this article can effectively characterize the differences in the quality ratio ^ dyed fibers within a large range of changes and the color changes due to uneven distribution on the surface of dyed fibers. At the same time, under the measurement aperture of 6mm, 10mm, and 25mm, the correlation coefficients between the fusion feature difference and the fiber ratio difference are all higher than 85%. Compared with a single spectral feature and a single image feature, the correlation coefficient of this method is improved by more than 10%, which has ideal robustness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in twin preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks, and to provide a basis for early identification of BPD in twin preterm infants in clinical practice. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the twin preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks who were admitted to 22 hospitals nationwide from January 2018 to December 2020. According to their conditions, they were divided into group A (both twins had BPD), group B (only one twin had BPD), and group C (neither twin had BPD). The risk factors for BPD in twin preterm infants were analyzed. Further analysis was conducted on group B to investigate the postnatal risk factors for BPD within twins. Results A total of 904 pairs of twins with a gestational age of <34 weeks were included in this study. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with group C, birth weight discordance of >25% between the twins was an independent risk factor for BPD in one of the twins (OR=3.370, 95%CI: 1.500-7.568, P<0.05), and high gestational age at birth was a protective factor against BPD (P<0.05). The conditional logistic regression analysis of group B showed that small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth was an independent risk factor for BPD in individual twins (OR=5.017, 95%CI: 1.040-24.190, P<0.05). Conclusions The development of BPD in twin preterm infants is associated with gestational age, birth weight discordance between the twins, and SGA birth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of oligosaccharides has been shown to have effects in regulating crop growth, delaying senescence and improving resistance. In order to investigate the mechanism and reveal the effects of oligosaccharides on metabolites in the rhizosphere soil surrounding the plant, a cucumber greenhouse experiment was conducted in this study. The mixed-oligosaccharide (KP) was selected as the preparation treatments, while tap water control (CK) were compared as controls. During the full flowering, full fruiting and seedling stages, the rhizosphere soil samples around cucumbers were collected and analyzed to identify the differences in metabolites among different treatment groups using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. The results showed that the cucumber treated with oligosaccharides (KP) during the full flowering period showed significant differences in bulk soil metabolites when compared with the water control group (CK). Meanwhile, nonanoic acid was the most up regulated substance, with a difference multiple of 2.795. However, the amount of heterocyclic compounds and sugars decreased. The heterocyclic compounds showed the most significant reduction in substance content, by a difference multiple of 0.002. Based on the KEGG metabolic pathway analysis, there was a significant difference in metabolic pathways between KP and CK treatment, with a difference ratio of 83.33%. Based on differential metabolite enrichment analysis, it was believed that the mixed-oligosaccharides could increase the content of nonanoic acid in the rhizosphere soil by up regulating the expression of the lipoic acid pathway, while the decrease in heterocyclic compounds and carbohydrate content might be related to the down regulation of bacterial chemotaxis metabolism, fructose and mannose metabolism pathways during the full flowering stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Honeysuckle, as an important medicinal and edible plant, contains a variety of chemical active components, mainly including volatile oils, flavonoids, organic acids and iridoid glycosides, etc., which have antibacterial, antiinflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, antipyretic, and immunomodulatory effects. Honeysuckle and its extract can improve the digestion, absorption and utilization rate of feed, promote the growth and development of livestock and poultry and meat quality, regulate the metabolism of energy, protein, lipids and sugar of livestock and poultry, and improve the immune function and antioxidant capacity of livestock and poultry. In the paper, the main active components, physiological functions, and application status of honeysuckle and its extracts in livestock and poultry production were summarized, in order to provide a reference for honeysuckle and its extracts to improve the production efficiency and product quality of livestock and poultry, and to replace antibiotics in livestock and poultry production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to develop a method to rapidly detect the content of tylosin tartrate. In Clark-Lubs buffer solution with pH 6.6, malachite green can induce strong resonance light scattering due to the construction of supermolecule aggregates, and tylosin tartrate can react with malachite green cations, resulting in the decomposition of supermolecule aggregates constructed by malachite green, which significantly weakens the resonance light scattering intensity of the system. The maximum detection wavelengths are at 285 nm and 332 nm. Due to the additive nature of the resonance light intensity ( I), the two wavelengths are superimposed for measurement. The linear range of tylosin tartrate is 0.2-0.6 mg/L, the linear regression equation is IRLS= 5 299 C-766.4, the correlation coefficient ( R) is 0.999 8, and the detection limit is 0.004 1 mg/L. The result indicates that the method is simple and sensitive, and can be successfully applied for the determination of tylosin tartrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the influence of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) with different pH and available chlorine contents (ACC) on the germination of tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), the germination rate was taken as the index, and the germination process of tartary buckwheat sprouts with SAEW was optimized by single factor and response surface experiments. Moreover, to obtain good quality selenium-enriched tartary buckwheat sprouts, the effects of different Na2SeO3 concentrations on tartary buckwheat were studied on the basis of SAEW germination, with the total selenium content and germination rate as indexes. The optimum technological parameters were determined as follows: soaking time 2.3 h, pH6.5, germination temperature 21 ℃ and germination time 108 h. Under these conditions, the germination rate was 84.96%, which was close to the predicted value of the response surface group (85.36%), being 14.3% and 11.71% higher than those of distilled water and tap water groups, respectively. The optimal concentration of Na2SeO3 was 60 mg/L, under which the total selenium content of tartary buckwheat sprouts was 15.5 mg/L, and the germination rate was 85.63%, which were both higher than the predicted and actual values of response surface group. This study provided a theoretical and scientific basis for the development of SAEW and selenium-enriched treatment of tartary buckwheat sprouts.

3% Cr roller steel produced by two smelting process routes of the electroslag remelting and the rare earth refining respectively was studied， the chemical composition difference， microstructure， the characteristics of inclusion， as well as mechanical properties for these two roller steels were comparatively investigated by SEM， EDS， ASPEX etc characterization means and experimental methods of electrolysis extraction， tensile， impact tests etc . The results showed that w［Ce］ ≤0.01%， w［Al］ =0.022%， and w［Al］ =0.018% in the rare earth refined roller steel， and the two processes have similar control levels on the impurity elements in the steel. After heat treatment with the same process， there was similar microstructure of the tempered sorbite in these rare earth refining and electroslag remelting roller steel， and microstructure uniformity of roller body made by two processes was almost consistent. The inclusions in the rare earth refined roller steel are mainly ellipsoidal CeAlO3 and Ce2O2S the average size is about 4.17 μm， and the area percentage is about 0.0066%；Meanwhile some irregular Al2O3 particles about 3.88 μm in average diameter in the electroslag remelting roller steel were also observed about 0.008 1% in area fraction. Moreover， the yield strength of rare earth refining roller steel were few different from those of the electroslag remelting roller steel. But the elongation， area reduction and impact toughness of the rare earth refining roller steel were higher than those of the electroslag remelting roller steel.