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Background Metabolism-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is considered as a major cause of increased morbidity and mortality from liver disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a driving factor in the progression of MAFLD. Estimated glucose processing rate (eGDR) is a simple evaluation indicator of insulin resistance in patients with T2DM, while its relationship with MAFLD has been rarely studied. Objective To investigate the correlation between eGDR and MAFLD in type 2 Diabetes and its predictive value. Methods A total of 1 434 patients with T2DM who were hospitalized in Hebei Provincial People's Hospital from 2019-01-01 to 2019-12-31 were selected as the study subjects. baseline data of the patients was collected, with their venous blood from the elbow collected for laboratory examination, and liver condition examined by abdominal ultrasound. According to the results of abdominal ultrasonography, T2DM patients were divided into MAFLD group (n=734) and non-MAFLD group (n=700). The subjects were divided into T1 group (eGDR≤5.09, n=477), T2 group (5.097.11, n=479) according to the eGDR tertiles. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between eGDR and baseline data. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of combined MAFLD. The multiplicative interactions of eGDR with gender, age, hypertension, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), BMI and glutamyl transferase (GGT) were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive value of combined prediction model, FBG and HbA1c for MAFLD in T2DM and areas under curve (AUC) were calculated and compared by Delong test. Results Age, disease course, HDL-C and eGDR of MAFLD group were lower than non-MAFLD group. BMI, alcohol consumption, proportions of hypertension and smoking, fasting blood glucose (FBG), uric acid (UA), total cholesterol (TC), TG, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), GGT and ALB were higher than non-MAFLD group (P

To identify the key odorants in Amomum tsaoko cobs (ATC) before and after enzymatic treatment, solvent extraction (SE) followed by solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (GC-MS-O) was used to extract and analyze volatile components in ATC. A total of 82 compounds were identified, including 32 odor-active compounds. Quantitative analysis was conducted by the internal standard method, and the concentrations of odor-active compounds in fresh ATC, and ATC treated by cellulase, β-glucosidase or their mixture were 237 562.17, 220 738.79, 296 759.57 and 284 809.47 μg/kg, respectively. Based on their concentrations and thresholds, odor activity values (OAVs) were calculated, and 19 odorants with OAV equal to or greater than 1 were determined as the key odorants of ATC. The numbers of key odorants in fresh ATC, and ATC treated by cellulase, β-glucosidase or their mixture were 16, 15, 16 and 15, respectively. Because of their different key odorants, the extracts had different odor characteristics. Different enzymes should be selected for the extraction of aroma components from ATC according to practical needs.

Achondroplasia is a rare disease leading to growth and developmental disorders in children, mainly manifested as skeletal dysplasia and disproportionate short stature, which can lead to respiratory abnormalities, hearing loss, spinal involvement, limb joint deformity and other problems, thus making patients encounter a variety of treatment and rehabilitation issues throughout their life, with greatly impaired quality of life. However, the clinical treatment and care pathways of achondroplasia are still not completely unified. To facilitate the standardization of clinical treatment of achondroplasia, the International Consensus Statement on the Diagnosis, Multidisciplinary Management and Lifelong Care of Individuals with Achondroplasia was developed by a group of international experts. We interpreted the key points of the consensus, mainly involving lifelong care and multidisciplinary clinical management, aiming to promote the standardization of care for individuals with achondroplasia in order to improve their clinical outcomes and quality of life as well as reduce their mortality.

In order to clarify the influence of dynamic pressure roadway two sides stiffness softening on roof deformation, the geology and mining conditions of 3405 haulage roadway in Dayang Coal Mine are taken as the engineering background. Based on elastic foundation beam, limit equilibrium zone theory and in-situ monitoring, the difference of roof displacement with and without considering the deterioration of coal elastic modulus in the limit equilibrium zone of two sides is discussed. The results show that the maximum roof displacement is 138 mm and 267 mm respectively before and after the deterioration of coal elastic modulus. After considering the deterioration of elastic modulus, the average error between calculated and measured results of roof deformation is reduced by 45.9%. The roof displacement decreases exponentially with the decrease of the deterioration degree of the elastic modulus, and increases logarithmically with the increase of the width of the limit equilibrium zone. The excavation disturbance leads to the development of cracks in the two sides, and the equivalent stiffness decreases, the roof displacement increases due to the weakening of the supporting capacity of the two sides. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the influence of the deterioration of the elastic modulus of coal in the two sides limit equilibrium zone in the design of the roadway roof deformation support.

Esophageal cancer is one of the most lethal digestive system cancers, and its pathogenic factors have always been the focus of research. Recently, it has been found that microorganisms and their metabolites in the esophagus may also represent one of the pathogenic factors. Because of their continuity in anatomical structure, the oral cavity and esophagus have a certain correlation in terms of the composition of flora. In recent years, many scholars have studied the relationship between oral microorganisms and esophageal cancer to monitor changes in oral microorganisms as well as to diagnose and treat esophageal cancer more effectively. In this paper, the research status of oral microorganisms and esophageal cancer was reviewed. The Results of the literature review show that the diversity of bacteria in the esophagus is affected by oral flora in terms of the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer. Among these bacteria, the periodontal red complex, which includes Porphyromonas gingivalis, forsythia and Treponema dentata, as well as common oral microorganisms, such as Streptococcus viridis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, are all related to the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer to a certain extent. At present, there are few studies on the mechanism of microorganisms and esophageal cancer, but scholars have found that lipopolysaccharides and endotoxins, the products of Gram-negative bacteria in the esophagus, may participate in the innate immune response of the host, and the relevant mechanism of action needs further study in order to find new targets for monitoring and treatment.

In recent years, the etiology of periodontitis has tended to be based on the theory of flora imbalance. That is, periodontitis is not caused by specific bacteria but by the breakdown of the oral flora balance, which leads to an immune imbalance. Imbalanced bacterial flora cooperate with each other to produce virulent factors that destroy organism tissues and induce immune cells to produce abnormal levels of cytokines, causing greater damage. This article reviews the initiation of a flora imbalance, the interaction between bacteria, the immune damage of the host and the prevention and treatment of the flora imbalance. The literature review shows that peroxidase released by inflammatory reactions, host immune responses to pathogenic microorganisms and some systemic factors, such as diabetes, can trigger flora imbalance. As a result, ion transport, substance synthesis and metabolism of bacteria change; virulence factors increase; and the oral flora balance is disrupted. Red complex bacteria enter gingival epithelial cells, produce adhesin, and selectively inhibit the expression of specific chemokines, which is beneficial for other pathogenic bacteria to enter gingival epithelial cells. Toxicity factors increase throughout the body, directly destroying body tissues and inducing innate and adaptive immune responses, thus causing related immune damage. The dysbacteriosis model of periodontitis provides a new idea for the prevention and treatment of periodontitis, such as using biological factors, bacteriophages, probiotics and other methods to reduce the number of periodontal pathogens to restore the steady state of periodontal flora.

Objective To investigate the correlation between brain metastatic MRI features and EGFR mutation status in the patient with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and explore the value of radiographic characteristics of MRI for evaluation of EGFR mutation. Methods Clinical data of 116 patients diagnosed with brain metastases from NSCLC admitted in our hospital during January 2011 and January 2017 were collected. Their EGFR mutation status in pulmonary primary tumors and metastatic tissues was detected by amplification block mutation system (ARMS). The features of MR images were analyzed for the correlation of EGFR mutation status with number, size, location of the metastatic brain tumors, strengthen approaches, size of peritumoral brain edema of the largest lesion and peritumoral brain edema index. Results Among the 116 patients with brain metastasis of NSCLC, 50 patients had EGFR mutation, at a mutation rate of 43.1%. The patients younger than 60 years had significantly higher ratio of EGFR 19Del mutation (25.4% vs 10.2%, P=0.040) and lower ratio of L858R mutation (16.4% vs 34.7%, P=0.023) when compared with those older than 60 years. Of the 201 brain metastatic lesions measured, the diameter of peripheral edema were significantly larger in the patients with EGFR wild type than those harboring EGFR 19Del mutation (median: 2.87 vs 1.54, P=0.008), and in those with L858R mutation than those with 19Del mutation (median: 3.31 vs 1.54, P=0.034). However, the index of peripheral edema in the patients with EGFR wild type was obviously higher than those harboring EGFR 19Del mutation (median: 0.979 vs 0.413, P=0.012). The predictive model for EGFR 19 deletion mutation was developed based on age, diameter and index of peripheral edema of metastatic tumor, and the capacity of this model was 0.733 (95%CI=0.625~0.842) by ROC analysis. Conclusion Clinical features and MRI radiographic characteristics of brain metastatic lesions of NSCLC can be used to predict EGFR mutation status. Our study provides theoretical evidence for selecting subpopulation benefiting from EGFR-TKI from the patients who can't detect the mutation of EGFR medically.

As one of the most important means to achieve a High-Resolution and Wide-Swath (HRWS) imaging of the earth, multichannel in azimuth Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) have attracted considerable attention in recent years. However, prior to the unambiguous reconstruction of the multichannel SAR signal, each channel needs to be well calibrated, otherwise the performance of the reconstruction processor may degrade or even lose its effectiveness. Accurate baseband Doppler centroid estimation are critical for channel mismatch calibration and high-resolution imaging in the multichannel SAR systems. However, in the multichannel HRWS SAR system, the signal acquired by each channel is under-sampled that renders the traditional Doppler centroid estimation methods obsolete. In this paper, an eigen-structure method has been used to achieve a robust estimation of the baseband Doppler centroid and the phase mismatch in the multichannel SAR system. Processing with simulated and experimental C-band, four-channel airborne SAR data validates the effectiveness of this method.

The mechanism of cracks initiation and propagation of high strength aluminum alloy rims for heavy vehicles were analyzed. Tensile testing machine,optical microscopy,scanning electronic microscope and energy disperse spectrometer detailed characterization of the mechanical properties,fracture morphology,crack characteristics and corrosion products of aluminum alloy wheel respectively. The results show that the crack is look like the shape"Z",expanding along the grain boundary and fracture;there are corrosive elements Cl and S at the crack initiation zone and crack extension area,with characteristics of typical stress corrosion. According to the actual assembly and service condition,it exist electric potential difference between aluminum alloy wheel and steel lock ring under the condition of corrosive medium,which will generate galvanic corrosion. After T6 heat treatment,there areηphase,S phase and θ phase on the grain boundary of 7 A04 aluminum alloy. In the corrosion environment,the matrix grain priority to dissolute itself as anodic,which makes the grain boundary become active path,crack propagation along the path lead to fracture.

The semi-submerged offshore crane has the advantage of meeting the requirement of booming offshore loading. The loading operation time for ballast water should be shortened due to the security and cost. Based on relative principle and practical experience, the software was developed to simulate ballasting process. The loading scheme with the shortest loading time was obtained through optimization while meeting the loading condition to reduce the time of whole loading operation and to cut down the investment of resource. 60%-70% time can be saved according to the data of actual loading and the efficiency of loading operation was greatly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate for the gene frequency about ear lobe type, curly sides of tongue, hair point of the forehead, hair vortex, thumb type, palmar digital formula, hand clasping, eye fold of the upper eyelid, dimples, handedness, hair form, cerumen and red green color blindness through 59, 53 and 53 college students among population of Dong nationality, Gelao nationality and Tujia nationality in Guizhou. The results showed that recessive gene frequencies of 8 traits were higher than dominant gene frequency and the distribution of 12 traits had no remarkable difference in gender among all three nationalities; there had remarkable relevance between ear lobe type and dimples but had extremely remarkable relevance between hand clasping and dimples, ear lobe type and handedness, palmar digital formula and handedness in Dong nationality; there had extremely remarkable relevance between ear lobe type and curly sides of tongue, ear lobe type and handedness, hair point of the forehead and handedness, hair vortex and handedness, palmar digital formula and handedness in Gelao nationality; there had no remarkable relevance in Tujia nationality. The gene frequency existed differences among nationalities in China and the 3 nationalities had different genetic characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Exploring the effectiveness of using EEG linear and nonlinear features for accessing mental workload in different tasks., Methods: Working memory tasks with different information types and various mental loads were designed based on N-Back paradigm. EEG signals from 18 normal adults were acquired when tasks were being performed. Linear and nonlinear features of EEGs were then extracted. Indices that can effectively reflect mental workload levels were selected by using multivariate analysis of variance statistical approach., Results: With the increment of task load, power of frontal Theta, Theta/Alpha ratio, and sample entropies (scales>10) in parietal regions increased significantly first and decreased slightly then, while the power of central-parietal Alpha decreased significantly first and increased slightly then. No difference in power of frontal Theta, central-parietal Alpha, and sample entropies (scales>10) of parietal regions were found between verbal and object tasks, as well as between two spatial tasks. No difference of frontal Theta/Alpha ratio was found in all the four tasks., Conclusions: The results can provide evidence for the mental workload evaluation in tasks with different information types.

Objectives: To investigate the level and significance of serum γ-glutamyl transferase-to-platelet ratio (GPR) and monocyte count to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) in patients with essential hypertension (EH) and unstable angina (UA)., Methods: A total of 218 patients with coronary angiography aged ≥60 years, who were admitted to the EH hospital of the Department of Cardiac Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, were selected from September 2018 to September 2019. They were divided into an EH+UA group ( n =113) and an EH group ( n =105). In addition, 106 patients with normal coronary angiography who were diagnosed with coronary heart disease were selected as a control group. The general data, blood biochemical indicators, GPR and MHR in each group were compared, and partial correlation analysis and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed., Results: Compared with the control group, patients in the EH+UA group and the EH group had higher body mass index (BMI), tyiglyceride (TG), GPR, and MHR, and lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (all P <0.05); and patients in the EH+UA group had higher white blood cell counts, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and uric acid (all P <0.05). Compared with the EH group, patients in the EH+UA group had higher GPR and MHR (both P <0.05). Partial correlation analysis showed that after controlling the antihypertensive drugs and lipid-lowering drugs, GPR was found to be positively correlated with BMI, white blood cell count, ALT, TG, and uric acid ( r =0.160, 0.111, 0.205, 0.250, 0.154, respectively, all P <0.05), which was negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r =-0.238, P <0.05); MHR was positively correlated with BMI, ALT, TG, uric acid, and GPR ( r =0.186, 0.307, 0.157, 0.141, 0.223, respectively, all P <0.05), and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r =-0.610, P <0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that GPR had higher specificity and positive predictive value, while MHR had higher sensitivity. When the two indicators were combined, the sensitivity and positive predictive value were higher., Conclusions: There is a correlation between GPR, MHR and EH combined with UA pectoris, and the combined detection of the two indicators has adjuvant diagnostic value for elderly EH combined with UA.

Objective: Drug retention enema is a common therapy for various illnesses. However, it is impossible to keep the drug in the colon for a long time, due to the limitation of the current equipment, and it is unable to achieve the purpose of retention enema. A retention enema device was designed by the department of intensive care unit (ICU) of Dongfeng Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine. The retention enema device adds a spindle shaped inflatable air bag on the basis of the traditional enema device, which not only fix on the anus, but also prevent the leakage of enema fluid. It can achieve retention enema, play the enema drug effect fully, and significantly reduce the nursing workload, in addition, the silica gel material of the retention enema device ensures the comfort of the patients, the decompression air bag also avoids the damage of the high pressure of the spindle fixed air bag for the patients, which is worthy of clinical use.

Objective: To propose a square's ring motion stimulation based on steady-state motion visual evoked potential, and compare it with the commonly used visual stimulation modes (Newton's ring motion, square flicker and circular flicker)., Methods: EEG signals were collected while 9 experimental subjects gazing at four stimulation and pattern analyzed by Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA). Stimulation were evaluated by recognition accuracy and subjective scores., Results: The classification accuracies of SSVEP elicited by the square's ring motion(82.8%±14.1%) and Newton's ring(83.3%±11.5%) have no significant difference between them, which are lower than that of the square flicker(98.3%±4.1%) and the circular flicker(99.2%±1.8%). The shape of the figure has no significant influence on the classification accuracy either in motion mode or flicker mode. The comfort of the square's ring motion is higher than the other three stimulation according to subjective scores., Conclusions: The square's ring motion can elicit EEG and reduce the discomfort caused by flicker modes. The square's ring motion can be used as a visual stimulation in SSMVEP-based BCI system.

Reversible phosphorylation plays a crucial role in regulating protein activities and functions. Sexual reproduction directly affects yield of most agricultural crops. As the male reproductive organ, anther generates microspores (pollen), delivering gametes (sperms) to complete double fertilization in higher plants. Here, we took the advantage of Nano UHPLC-MS/MS to analyze maize (Zea mays, B73) early anthers at proteomic and phosphoproteomic levels, to explore the protein and phosphorylation modification regulatory networks controlling maize anther development. Our proteomic analysis identified 3 016 unique peptides, belonging to 1 032 maize proteins. MapMan analysis revealed variously potential proteins associated with maize anther development, such as receptor-like kinases (GRMZM2G082823&#95;P01 and GRMZM5G805485&#95;P01). Using phospho-peptides enriched by TiO2 affinity chromatography, our phosphoproteomic analysis detected 257 phospho-peptides from 210 phosphoproteins, discovering 223 phosphosites. Compared to the 86 maize phosphoproteins collected in the Plant Protein Phosphorylation Data Base (P3DB), we found that 203 phosphoproteins and 218 phosphosites were not revealed before. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed that phosphorylation of 14-3-3 proteins, kinases, phosphatases, transcription factors, cell cycle and chromatin structure related proteins might play important roles in regulating normal anther development in maize. Our findings not only enlarged the maize phosphoproteome data, but also provided information for analyzing the molecular mechanism controlling maize anther development at genetic and biochemical levels.

Objective: To study the effects of indium exposure on the relative content of mitochondrial ND1 gene in lymphocytes., Methods: Venous blood was obtained from 14 healthy workers and anticoagulated with heparin. Blood lymphocytes were separated and divided into three tube cultures. For two tubes in the exposed group, indium chloride was added to final concentrations of 0.2 mmol/L and 0.8 mmol/L, respectively. For one tube in the control group, an equal volume of normal saline solution was added. After incubation for 72 h, the relative content of mitochondrial gene in each group was determined using quantitative real-time PCR., Results: Lymphocytes exposed to 0.8 mmol/L indium chloride had a significantly higher relative content of mitochondrial gene than those exposed to 0.2 mmol/L indium chloride and those in the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Lymphocytes exposed to a high concentration of indium and its compounds have an elevated relative content of mitochondrial ND1 gene, indicating increased oxidative DNA damage induced by exposure to a high concentration of indium and its compounds.

Objective: To observe the intervention effect of quercetin to silica dust cause pulmonary fibrosis., Methods: Forty-eight healthy male adult SPF SD rats were selected and they were randomly divided into six groups (control group, 7 d,14 d,21 d and 28d dust group, preventive group). Rats in the control group were administrated 1 ml saline via trachea injection. Rats in dust group and preventive group were give silica solution for 1ml at dose of 50 mg/ml, and the prevention group with quercetin of 50 mg/kg every day lavage treatment intervention. In building on days 7,14,21,28 later, the lung tissue were removaled to HE staining for determining the degree of alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis. The content of hydroxyproline (HYP) and the activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were detected by using the kits., Results: Alveolar septal edema, inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis were not found in control group. In the preventive group, lots of inflammatory cells infiltration were observed on days 7. Inflammatory cells were reduced, the number of the fibroblasts and matrix in alveolar septum were obviously increased, and alveolar structure was damaged on day 14. Pulmonary fibrosis was increased, severe fibrosis was found on day 28. Silicon dust after infected lung tissue expression of HYP content increased, the activity of CAT and GSH-Px decrease gradually. After joining quercetin the expression of HYP content gradually reduce, CAT and GSH-Px activity increased, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Quercetin of silica dust caused by pulmonary fibrosis have certain prevention.

To screen an efficient recombinant Staphylococcus aureus protein A (SpA) for preparing matrix for affinity purification of immunoglobulin G (IgG), a genetic engineering approach was used to obtain monomer, two, three, four and five tandem repeats genes of the Z domain of SpA, then the genes were cloned into expression vector pET-22b and subsequently expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). After induction with lactose, the target proteins were purified by Ni2+ affinity chromatography. The proteins with two, three, four and five tandem repeats of the Z domain were then coupled to CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B as an affinity chromatography matrix for affinity purification of human IgG. Furthermore, the differences in protein yield and IgG-binding capacity at different recombinant proteins were analyzed. The target proteins with monomer and tandem repeats of the Z domain had an effective expression in the genetic engineering bacteria. IgG could be specifically absorbed from human plasma by affinity chromatography. The protein yield and amount of IgG absorption of per mole protein could be improved by increasing the tandem repeats number of the Z domain. Compared with other tandem repeats, four tandem repeats of the Z domain exhibited more protein yield (160 mg/10 g wet cells) and higher level of IgG absorption (34.4 mg human IgG/mL gel). Therefore, four tandem repeats of the Z domain is more suitable for preparing matrix for affinity purification of IgG.

Background and Objective: the detection of serum tumor markers is of great value for early diagnosis of lung cancer. The aim of this study is to summarize the clinic significance characteristics of serum markers contributing to the detection of lung cancer., Methods: references about serum markers of lung cancer were estimated using meta-analysis method. 712 references which included more than 20 cases, 20 controls, the serum markers of 52 832 patients with malignancies and 32 037 patients as controls were evaluated., Results: overall the detection of 13 markers play a significant part in lung cancer diagnosis. The sensitivity of CEA, CA125, CYFRA21-1, TPA, SCCAg, DKK1, NSE, ProGRP in the patients' serum with lung cancer were 47.50%, 50.11%, 57.00%, 50.93%, 49.00%, 69.50%, 39.73%, 51.48% and the specificity were 92.34%, 80.19%, 90.16%, 88.41%, 91.07%, 92.20%, 89.11%, 94.89%. In the combined analysis of tumor markers: the sensitivity, specificity of NSE+ProGRP were 88.90% and 72.82% in diagnosis of small cell lung cancer, respectively. In diagnosis of squamous corcinoma, the sensitivity and specificity of TSGF+SCCAg+CYFRA21-1 were 95.30% and 74.20%. The the sensitivity and specificity of CA153+Ferrtin+CEA were 91.90% and 44.00% in diagnosis of lung cancer., Conclusions: although the assay of tumor markers in serum is useful for diagnosis of early lung cancer, the sensitivity and specificity are low. Combined detection of these tumor markers could increase sensitivity and specificity.

Objective: To explore the preventing effects of TGF-beta1 antibody (TGF-beta1Ab) compounded with fibrin glue (FG) on postoperative adhesions of flexor tendon., Methods: Seventy-two Leghorn chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups (groups A, B, C and D), 18 chickens for each group, and the long flexor tendons of the 3rd and 4th toes in zone II of all chickens were transversed and sutured with the 4-strand cruciate repair technique to make defect models. In group A, 0.2 mL TGF-beta1 Ab was applied at repair site. In group B, 0.2 mL FG was applied at repair site. In group C, 0.2 mL TGF-beta1Ab and FG was applied at repair site. In group D, 0.2 mL normal sodium was applied at repair site. At 1, 3 and 8 weeks after operation, the tendons of 6 chickens in each group were harvested for morphological and histological evaluation. Six specimens of each group were obtained for biomechanical test at 3 and 8 weeks., Results: The gross-observation showed that the differences in grading of tendon adhesion were not significant among 4 groups at 1 week after operation (P > 0.05), but the differences were significant between groups A, B, D and group C at 3 and 8 weeks after operation (P < 0.05). Histological observation showed that collagen fibers arranged irregularly in groups A, B and D, but arranged regularly in group C at 3 and 8 weeks' after operation. At 3 weeks after operation the gliding excursion ratio of the tendon in groups A, B, C and D were 0.45 +/- 0.05, 0.40 +/- 0.10, 0.79 +/- 0.09 and 0.25 +/- 0.07 respectively; the simulated active flexion ratio were 0.61 +/- 0.02, 0.67 +/- 0.03, 0.91 +/- 0.03 and 0.53 +/- 0.04 respectively; the work of flexion were (18.00 +/- 0.77), (17.80 +/- 1.13), (27.60 +/- 1.73) and (15.60 +/- 1.27) degrees/N respectively. There were significant differences between group C and other three groups (P < 0.05). The tendon anastomosis breaking strength were (14.2 +/- 1.9), (15.2 +/- 2.2), (16.0 +/- 2.2) and (14.7 +/- 2.7) N, showing no significant differences among 4 groups (P > 0.05). At 8 weeks after operation, the gliding excursion ratio of the tendon in groups A, B, C and D were 0.45 +/- 0.07, 0.43 +/- 0.08, 0.80 +/- 0.09 and 0.29 +/- 0.05 respectively; the simulated active flexion ratio were 0.61 +/- 0.02, 0.63 +/- 0.03, 0.92 +/- 0.03 and 0.53 +/- 0.03 respectively, the work of flexion were (18.30 +/- 0.84), (18.60 +/- 0.80), (27.90 +/- 1.24) and (15.30 +/- 0.75) degrees/N respectively. There were significant differences between group C and other three groups (P < 0.05). The tendon anastomosis breaking strength were(51.9 +/- 3.0), (51.4 +/- 1.4), (53.3 +/- 1.3) and (52.3 +/- 2.2) N, showing no significant differences among 4 groups (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: TGF-beta1Ab compounded with FG could significantly prohibit the formation of fibrous adhesions without interfering with the healing process.

Objective: To make the young patients with osteoarthritis and genu varum of knee delay total knee arthroplasty, to observe the clinical effect of mosaicplasty of femoral medial condyle, patellar-plasty and high tibial osteotomy in the treatment of osteoarthritis of knee with varum., Methods: From June 2004 to February 2006, 8 patients with osteoarthritis of knee with varum (10 knees) were treated with combined operation such as mosaicplasty of femoral medial condyle, patellar-plasty and hightibial osteotomy. There were 2 males with3 knees, and 6 females with7 knees,withan average age of 50 years (42-56 years). The left knees and right knees were involved in 3 cases respectively and bilateral knees in 2 cases. All patients had knee ache after walk or long-time standing. The X-ray showed hyperosteogeny at peri-patella and circum ferential femur-tibial joint, especially in the medial. The gap between patella and femur narrowed or disappeared, especially in the medial femurtibial joint. The femoral tibial angel (FTA) was 185-200 degrees (mean 190 degrees). The HSS score of knee was 55-75 (mean 60). The history of knee ache was 1-12 years (mean 5 years)., Results: All patients were followed up for 7-24 months (mean 15 months). All the incisions healed by first intention,no early complication occurred. The clinical bone healing time was 8-11 weeks (mean 9 weeks). Rectification of FTA was 15-30 degrees (mean 20 degrees). Normal weight-loading alignment was recovered. The valgus angle of knee was 10 degrees. The range of motion of knee was 100-120 degrees after operation, increasing by 5-20 degrees (mean 10 degrees) when compared with preoperation. The X-ray of postoperation showed that genu varum was corrected obviously and that no displacement, loosening and breakage occurred. The mean score of HSS was 80 (75-88), increasing by 20 when compared with preoperation., Conclusion: Mosaic-plasty of femoral medial condyle can make articular cartilage repair in certain degrees, patellar-plasty can relieve ache of fore region of knee effectively, and high tibial osteotomy can recover normal weight-loading alignment. The curative effect is good with the combined methods.

Objective: To explore the clinical character of nasociliary neuralgia and improve the level of diagnosis and treatment., Method: Forty-three cases with nasociliary neuralgia were diagnosed and treated in our hospital. The clinical data were analyzed retrospectively., Result: It was easy to be misdiagnosed for nasociliary neuralgia,the rate of misdiagnosis was 69.8% (30/43). Performing the resection of upper nasal septum deviation, partial middle turbinetectkomy or/and folded, 43 cases were followed up from 6 to 24 months,the cural rate and the improve rate were 95.3% and 4.7% respectively, with the total effective rate 100.0%., Conclusion: Most patients with nasociliary neuralgia are middle-aged women. It is similar to ethmoid sinusitis and frontal sinusitis in headache, but no suppurative rhinorrhea. Careful examination of nasal cavity and CT scan in sinus play an important role in avoiding misdiagnosis. The corrective surgery of middle turbinate and nasal septum are effective treatment and the complication of dysosmia can be avoided.