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Jatropha crude oil and compound phospholipase were used as raw material and degumming enzyme respectively， the enzymatic degumming process was studied by single factor test and orthogonal array test. The results showed that the optimal conditions were confirmed as follows: enzyme dosage，50 μg/g; pH5.5; reaction temperature， 50 ℃， stirring speed， 350 r/min; reaction time， 2 h. The contents of phosphorus， metal， nitrogen and other trace impurities were significantly reduced in degumming oil， and the degumming effect was obvious. On the basis of test research， enzymatic degumming mechanism of crude oil was also analyzed.

In order to screen the excellent strains of Volvariella volvacea suitable for the industrial cultivation, six new strains of Volvariella volvacea were introduced from the places such as Fujian, Jiangsu, Hubei, and Guangdong, etc. By taking the local main cultivated strain V9715 as the control group, the mycelial growth of the tested Volvariella volvacea strains on the culture medium of mother seeds and pedigree seeds was investigated, and then the indexes such as the characters during the growth period, agronomic characters, yield and biological efficiency were determined. The results showed that there were significant differences in the aspects such as the growth period, bacteria film thickness, mushroom color, size and single weight among the seven strains. Among which, Shanghai No. 3 showed good commercial characters, with thick bacteria film, not easy to open, storage resistance, dark gray black and large mushroom body, and heavy average single commercial mushroom. The average yield and average biological efficiency were 24.352% higher than that of V9715. V1295 showed the characteristics of fast mycelial growth, early bud and early harvest. Volvariella volvacea No. 3 showed good commercial characters. The mushroom body was dark gray black, larger and oval, and the yield and biological efficiency were higher, which was 17.273% higher than the control group V9715. Based on the indicators such as mycelial growth, commodity characters, and yield, the suitable strain for the industrial cultivation in Zhangzhou was Shanghai No. 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Freshwater aquatic ecosystems are important sources of greenhouse gases, such as CO 2 . However, few studies have presented data on the greenhouse gas flux from coastal aquaculture ponds. Diffusion models are important tools for estimating the CO 2 exchange flux across the water-air interface of aquatic ecosystems. Several different parameterized means were selected to estimate the CO 2 gas exchange rate ( k x ) and CO 2 diffusive flux across the water-air interface of shrimp ponds in the Minjiang River Estuary. The results indicated that:① the CO 2 gas exchange rate and diffusive flux over the culture period all presented significant temporal variation. This variation showed a dynamic trend:October > September > November > July > August and November > July > August > September > October. ② Wind speed, k x , CO 2 concentration, pH, DOC concentration, and Chl-a concentration were important factors affecting the temporal variation of CO 2 diffusive flux. ③ There were differences in the estimated value of CO 2 diffusive flux across the water-air interface of the culture ponds in the Minjiang River Estuary among different parameterized approaches ( P <0.01). This indicates that the model method has some uncertainties in estimating the CO 2 diffusive flux in culture ponds. Our results suggest that the models RC01 and CW03 are more suitable methods for estimating the CO 2 diffusive flux at the water-air interface of estuarine reclaimed aquaculture ponds in the Minjiang River Estuary, after comprehensive analysis of the water environment and the different estimation results.

Objective: To construct and express the eukaryotic expression vector of 14-3-3 protein of Toxoplasma gondii RH stain., Methods: The structure and physicochemical property of 14-3-3 protein were predicted by bioinformatics analysis tools. The desired gene fragment was amplified from total RNA in T. gondii RH strain by RT-PCR, and sub-cloned into pcDNA3.0 to construct recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.0/14-3-3. After PCR confirming, double restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing, the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.0/14-3-3 was transfected into HeLa cells and the target protein was detected by Western blotting., Results: The prediction of its gene sequence and amino acid sequence suggested that the 14-3-3 protein was acid soluble protein with five conserved regions, existing as homo- or hetero-dimers. The amplified gene fragment was about 800 bp, and the inserted fragment in pcDNA3.0/14-3-3 was 801 bp by sequencing, which had 99% homology to the 14-3-3 gene sequence of T. gondii in GenBank (Accession No. AB012775.1). Western blotting showed that there was more 14-3-3 protein expressed in the pcDNA3.0/14-3-3-transfected HeLa cells than not-transfected and mock transfected cells. Its relative molecular mass (Air) was about 30 000., Conclusion: The eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.0/14-3-3 is constructed and expressed in eukaryotic cells.

Aim: To explore the expressions of Cyclin E2 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and clinic opathological parameters, and to investigate the role of Cyclin E2 in oncogenesis, progress, invasion and metastasis of NPC., Methods: Sixty patients with NPC and twenty-one noncancerous nasopharyngeal epithelial samples were retrospectively studied from year 2000 to 2006, The protein and mRNA expressions of Cyclin E2 was detected by immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR., Results: The protein expressions rates of Cyclin E2 were 75% and 9.5% in nasopharyngeal samples and noncancerous nasopharyngeal epithelial samples, It was significantly higher in NPC than in normal controls (P<0.01). Furthermore, the protein expression was significantly higher in NPC patients with clinical staging and cervical lymph node or poor prognosis than in NPC patients without(P<0.01). The expression in NPC was not correlated with gender or age (P>0.05). The mRNA expression of Cyclin E2 was significantly higher in NPC than in normal controls (P<0.01)., Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that Cyclin E2 may play important roles in the invasion, metastasis, and poor prognosis of NPC.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Escherichia coil heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB) as a genetic adjuvant in enhancing the immune response induced by Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite compound gene vaccine., Methods: The eukaryotic expression plasmids of pcDNA3.1-SAG1-ROP2 and pEASY-E1-LTB were constructed. Eighty-eight BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: PBS (group A), pcDNA3.1(B), pcDNA3.1-SAG1-ROP2 (C) and pcDNA3.1-SAG1-ROP2+pEASY-E1-LTB (D). Fifteen mice in each group were randomly selected, and intranasally immunized weekly with 20 microg plasmid or 20 microl PBS, respectively. Each mouse received four immunizations with the same dose of antigen. Two weeks after the final immunization, the antibodies and cytokines were detected, including the specific IgG and IgA antibodies in serum, sIgA in mucosa douche, IFN-gamma and IL-4 in splenocyte culture supernatant. The remaining mice in each group were immunized three times weekly with 20 microg plasmid or 20 microl PBS, respectively, and challenged by T. gondii tachyzoites at four weeks after the final vaccination (1 x 10(3) per mouse). The survival time of mice was recorded., Results: The recombinant plasmids pEASY-E1-LTB were constructed. The specific IgG (0.626/- 0.100) and IgA antibodies (1.086 +/- 0.138) in serum, sIgA (0.886 +/- 0.164) in mucosa douche, cytokines IFN-gamma [(2017 +/- 266) pg/ml] and IL-4 [(203.31) pg/ml] in splenocyte culture supernatant in group D were all higher than those in other groups (P < 0.05). After challenged with T. gondii tachyzoites, the median survival time of mice in groups A, B, C, and D were 3, 4, 6, and 10 d, respectively. The survival time of mice in group D was longest (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: E. coil heat-labile enterotoxin can enhance the immune response induced by the compound gene vaccine of T. gondii tachyzoites.