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[Purpose/Significance] The construction of the "the Belt and Road Initiative" as a major national regional development strategy with an emphasis on technological innovation and talent as the core in the new era, has brought new opportunities for the development of entrepreneurship and innovation education and talent training in universities. [Method/Process] Based on the current domestic and foreign research status of the cultivation of innovation and entrepreneurship capabilities of college students, this paper puts forward 34 kinds of abilities that college students are supposed to have in innovation and entrepreneurship under the background of the "the Belt and Road Initiative". A questionnaire survey on its importance, current ability, the expectations of the status quo and development was held and an in-depth discussion was followed. Through correlation analysis, the necessity of these abilities in three research areas is demonstrated. [Results/Conclusions] Through correlation analysis, the necessity of these abilities in the three aspects of research is demonstrated, so as to expand the effective path of cultivating the innovation and entrepreneurship ability of college students under the background of "the Belt and Road Initiative", and to realize the high-quality and conjunctive development of mass entrepreneurship and innovation education.

Objective: Study on broken characteristics of brown rice in rice milling chamber. Methods: The mechanical tests of brown rice were carried out by universal material testing machine, and the breaking cracks were observed by digital microscope. Results: Brown rice will undergo the alternating process of yield stage and strengthening stage until fracture. Under the action of extrusion load, cracks were generated at the internal microvoids, and the rapid propagation of cracks caused the breakage or fracture of rice grains. Under three-point bending and shear loads, cracks were generated from the bottom of the support end and extended to the front. The compressive deformation resistance of brown rice was the largest, followed by the three-point bending deformation resistance, and the shear deformation resistance were the smallest. Compared with extrusion load, the breaking strength and breaking energy of brown rice under three-point bending and shear load were smaller. Conclusion: When designing the structure of rice mill, the influence of bending and shearing on brown rice should be minimized. Mechanical properties of japonica brown rice are better than indica brown rice under the same conditions.

Traditional determination of fluoride and chloride in gypsum and its products has the disadvantages of complicated pretreatment, long detection time, poor accuracy and low sensitivity. To remedy this, an ion chromatography method which can simultaneously determine the fluoride and chloride in gypsum and its products has been successfully developed. The sample was extracted firstly by ultrasonic processing and eluted by Na2CO3-NaHCO3. The solution was then separated by anion column and suppressed by self-electric chemistry suppressor. Finally, the solution was detected using a conductivity detector. By optimizing the pretreatment and separate conditions, the concentrations of the fluoride and chloride have good linear relationships with the peak area in the measured range with correlation coefficients of 0.9999 and 0.9998 for F- and Cl-, respectively. The proposed method yielded the detection limits of 0.15 ng/mL and 0.28 ng/mL for F- and Cl-, respectively, the recovery of 95.0%-99.7% and the RSD of less than 5% (n=8). The proposed method utilizes ultrasonic extraction and avoids purification. The pretreatment can be completed in less than 0.5 h and the loss of target analyte can be avoided. Compared with the ion selective electrode method, the detection limit of this method improves from μg/mL to ng/mL.

BACKGROUND: Dermis-derived extracellular matrix, as a cartilage repair scaffold, provides a space for the growth of cartilage tissue, and promotes cell adhesion and proliferation. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have the potential to differentiate into chondrocytes. Both of them used alone have disadvantages. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with calf acellular dermal matrix to repair beagle dog articular cartilage defects. METHODS: Beagle dog bone marrow blood was extracted from Beagle dogs. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were obtained by density gradient centrifugation and passaged. Acellular dermal matrix was prepared from the dorsal dermis of neonatal calves by ultrasonic oscillation, freeze-drying and pepsin. 0.2 ml of cell suspension was added to the surface of acellular dermal matrix until covered, then which was placed in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37 oc for 48 hours. Twelve adult beagle dogs were used to establish knee joint cartilage defect models, and then randomized into three groups: In the acellular dermal matrix combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group (combination group), cartilage defects were repaired with acellular dermal matrix combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In the single acellular dermal matrix group, cartilage defects were repaired with acellular dermal matrix. The model control group received no treatment. At 12 weeks after surgery, the right knee joints were observed by stereomicroscope, hematoxylin-eosin staining and type II collagen immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Scanning electron microscopy showed that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells adhered to and grew well in the acellular dermal matrix. (2) Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed that the repaired surface in the combination group was slightly lower than that of the surrounding normal tissues, and the repaired tissues integrated well with the surrounding cartilages. The defects in the single acellular dermal matrix group were filled with fibrous tissues. Few surrounding tissues of defect were repaired in the model control group. (3) Type II collagen immunohistochemical staining showed that in the combination group, articular cartilage defects were filled with chondrocyte-like tissues. In the single acellular dermal matrix group, the defect was filled with fibrous tissues. No tissue was found in the model control group. (4) These results indicate that the new calf acellular dermal matrix has good biocompatibility and can promote the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with acellular dermal matrix can effectively repair beagle dog knee joint cartilage defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To make the teaching mode practical and operable, the paper explored new mode of microbiology experiment teaching in higher vocational education. Taking the job requirements as a key point, the paper proposed to create project teaching carrier. According to working process, a teaching method based on the task-driven approach was put forward to focus on ability cultivation. A multi-dimensional experimental evaluation system is established. After three years of research and practice, a microbiological experiment teaching mode based on working process had been established in authors' college and started to yield results. The teaching mode based on project teaching method of working process conforms to the new requirements of microbiological training in higher vocational education, it worth promoting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to research the dynamic performance of a novel superfluid gyroscope,the factors which have effect on the detectable angular acceleration of gyroscope are analyzed. Based on the mathematic model of Josephson frequency for thermal driving,the detectable angular acceleration of gyroscope is simulated. The results show that,according to common parameters,the maximal value of detectable angular acceleration is about 0. 32 rad / s²,so the dynamic performance of superfluid gyroscope is small. The gyroscope can be used for the field which requires the higher detection accuracy and slow change of angular velocity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the data of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region forest resources inventory, field investigation and laboratory analysis, this paper studied the carbon sequestration status of forest eco-systems in Ningxia region, estimated the carbon density and storage of forest ecosystems, and analyzed their spatial distribution characteristics. The results showed that the biomass of each forest vegetation component was in the order of arbor layer (46. 64 Mg·hm-2 ) > litterfall layer (7. 34 Mg·hm-2) > fine root layer (6. 67 Mg·hm-2 ) > shrub-grass layer (0. 73 Mg·hm-2 ). Spruce (115. 43 Mg·hm-2) and Pinus tabuliformis (94. 55 Mg·hm-2 ) had higher vegetation biomasses per unit area than other tree species. Over-mature forest had the highest arbor carbon density among the forests with different ages. However, the young forest had the highest arbor carbon storage (1. 90 Tg C) due to its widest planted area. Overall, the average carbon density of forest ecosystems in Ningxia region was 265. 74 Mg C·hm-2, and the carbon storage was 43. 54 Tg C. Carbon density and storage of vegetation were 27. 24 Mg C·hm-2 and 4. 46 Tg C, respectively. Carbon storage in the soil was 8. 76 times of that in the vegetation. In the southern part of Ningxia region, the forest carbon storage was higher than in the northern part, where the low C storage was mainly related to the small forest area and young forest age structure. With the improvement of forest age structure and the further implementation of forestry ecoengineering, the forest ecosystems in Ningxia region would achieve a huge carbon sequestration potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many kinds of defects occurred in production plant, and those defects have different effects on the performance of production plant. So many kinds of inspection activities, or maintenance types such as daily inspection, weekly inspection, monthly inspection, yearly maintenance, and overhaul as well, are simultaneously applied on a production plant. The current research about inspection modeling pays more attention on the calculation of inspection cycle which is only for one maintenance type, not on the modeling of multiple nested inspection cycle. This has caused the serious problems of either over maintenance or insufficient maintenance. In this paper, all kinds of inspection activities are firstly given, and the relationship between different maintenance types is described. Secondly, a model of optimization grouping maintenance type at different inspection cycles for production plant is established. Based on the delay time maintenance theory, the key two terms, namely the expected failures number occurred in inspection cycle T and the expected defects number identified in inspection activities, are calculated. Thirdly, a new heuristic algorithm is proposed for solving the established model. As the proposed algorithm is very simple and easy to use, so it is better than branch-and-bound procedure to solve the nonlinear target function of integer variables. Finally, a case study is given to demonstrate the modeling and solution processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: Propranolol was found by chance very effective in treating hemangioma, yet the therapeutic mechanism remain unclear. This study was aimed to investigate the therapeutic mechanism of propranolol on hemangioma. METHODS: The plasma propranolol concentrations at 2,6,10,24 h were assayed by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC)after oral administration of propranolol(l mg/kg*d) once a day(qd, n=6) or twice a day (bid, n=6); The hemangioma-derived stem cells(HemSCs) were isolated from Chinese IH patients. The effect of propranolol on proliferation, apoptosis rate of HemSCs was observed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method and bi -fluorescence flow cytometry (FCM).With RT-PCR, real-time PCR, Elisa and Western blot, expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was observed after treatment with different concentrations (0, 0.02, 0.2, 2.20 μM) of PRN at different times. For in vivo study, HemSCs were treated with PRN, and then subcutaneously injected into BALB/c -nu mice with human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC). The grafts were harvested after 1 week for HE staining and immunohistological staining. SPSS 17.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The peak propranolol concentration reached at 2h in both qd group (207.8 ±33.9 ng/mL) and bid group (155.2 ±40.6 ng/mL),the elimination half-life (t1/2) was longer than 6h.The mean concentration of lOh was significantly decreased in qd group, while that was elevated in bid group. The proliferation and total apoptosis rate of HemSCs was not obviously affected by PRN in normal concentration; but the expression of VEGF and bFGF in HemSC was suppressed by PRN. In vivo model,the mean microvessel density (MVD) was significantly decreased after HemSCs were treated by PRN. CONCLUSION: PRN can inhibit HemSC to express VEGF and bFGF, but can't inhibit proliferation or induce apoptosis of HemSCs. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81070846) and Youth Science Fund of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (0832044). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective It has been proven that Src played pivotal roles in carcinogenesis, cancer progression and metastasis. The aim of this study is to explore the roles of Src phosphorylation on lung cancer cells. Methods Western blot and immunoprecipitation was used to detect the expression and phosphorylation of Src in lung cancer cells. MTT and Boyden chamber assay was used to examine the effects of inhibition of Src phosphorylation on proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cells in vitro, respectively. Results pp60src was expressed in all lung cancer cell lines in this study. All 5 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines had increased autophosphorylated tyrosine-418, while nearly no phosphorylated Src in small cell lung cancer SBC5 cell line was detected. The effect of inhibition of Src tyrosine kinase on cell proliferation varied among the lung cancer cell lines. Submicromolar Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor (±1 µM) remarkably suppressed the proliferation of PC-9 and A549 cells in a dose dependent manner (P<0.05), while the same concentration of Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor had no significant effect on proliferation of H226, PC14PE6 and RERFLCOK cells. Invasiveness of lung cancer cells was significantly suppressed by Src tyrosine kinase in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Conclusion Phosphorylation of Src, but not over-expression, plays a pivotal role in proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cell lines in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, China scholars and government have increasingly emphasized the importance of psychological harmony. Taking an inductive approach, we examined the concept and construct of psychological harmony in the People's Republic of China. From two diverse samples of 29 interviews and word associates from 2160 participants in China, we collected 4431 items related to psychological harmony. Results of our analysis found that psychological harmony included four dimensions: self harmony, family harmony, interpersonal harmony and social harmony. Based on the structure of the construct, we developed the psychological harmony questionnaire and then collected data from two diverse sample of 654 and 5038 participants. The results of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed that psychological harmony is a new concept distinguished from other related concepts such as subjective well-being. Reliability and validity of the psychological harmony questionnaire were also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the toxicology of targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 chimeric antigen receptor T (HER2-CAR-T) cells and to provide a safety basis for the clinical evaluation of HER2-CAR-T cell therapy. Methods The recombinant lentiviral vector was used to generate HER2-CAR-T cells. Soft agar colony formation assay was used to observe the colony formation of HER2-CAR-T cells, and the colony formation rate was statistically analyzed. The HER2-CAR-T cell suspension was co-incubated with rabbit red blood cell suspension, and the hemolysis of red blood cells was evaluated by direct observation and microplate reader detection. The HER2-CAR-T cell preparation was injected into the ear vein of male New Zealand rabbits, and the stimulating effect of HER2-CAR-T cells on the blood vessels of the animals was observed by staining of tissue sections. The vesicular stomatitis virus envelope glycoprotein (VSV-G) gene of pMD 2.G vector was used as the target sequence, and the safety of the lentiviral vector was verified by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The heart, liver, lung, and kidney of mice receiving HER2-CAR-T cell infusion were collected, and the lesions were observed by HE staining. Results The HER2-CAR-T cells were successfully prepared. These cells did not exhibit soft agar colony formation ability in vitro, and the HER2-CAR-T cell preparation did not cause hemolysis in New Zealand rabbit red blood cells. After the infusion of HER2-CAR-T cells into the ear vein of New Zealand rabbits, no obvious vascular stimulation response was found, and no specific amplification of VSV-G was detected. No obvious lesions were found in the heart, liver, lung and kidney tissues of the treatment group. Conclusion The prepared HER2-CAR-T cells have reliable safety.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) is a common disease of the male urinary system, and its incidence rate in China is increasing. However, the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of BPH remains unclear. Some studies demonstrated that the incidence of BPH was related to the change in the levels of steroid hormones. Too high content of dihydrotestosterone(DHT) in the body may cause BPH and other related diseases. Testosterone(T) is converted to DHT by 5α-reductase(SRD5A). By inhibiting the activity of this enzyme, the production of DHT can be reduced, and then the incidence of BPH can be lowered. Therefore, it has drawn great attention to screen and discover safer and more effective 5α-reductase inhibitors from natural medicines to treat prostatic hyperplasia without affecting the physiological function of men. This review summarizes the characteristics and tissue distribution of 5α-reductase, the discovery of 5α-reductase inhibitors in traditional Chinese medicine and natural medicines, 5α-reductase inhibitors commonly used in clinical practice and their side effects, as well as the animal models of prostatic hyperplasia and common detection indicators, aiming to provide a reference for more in-depth understanding and research about BPH and development of drugs.

This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of saikosaponin D on the proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy of pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells. The cell counting kit(CCK-8) was used to examine the effects of 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, and 28 μmol·L~(-1) saikosaponin D on the proliferation of Panc-1 cells. Three groups including the control(0 μmol·L~(-1)), low-concentration(10 μmol·L~(-1)) saikosaponin D, and high-concentration(16 μmol·L~(-1)) saikosaponin D groups were designed. The colony formation assay was employed to measure the effect of saikosaponin D on the colony formation rate of Panc-1 cells. The cells treated with saikosaponin D were stained with hematoxylin-eosin(HE), and the changes of cell morphology were observed. Hoechst 33258 fluorescent staining was used to detect the effect of saikosaponin D on the cell apoptosis. The autophagy staining assay kit with MDC was used to examine the effect of saikosaponin D on the autophagy of Panc-1 cells. Western blot and immunocytochemistry(ICC) were employed to examine the effect of saikosaponin D on the expression levels and distribution of B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax), cysteine-aspartic acid protease-3(caspase-3), cleaved caspase-3, autophagy-associated protein Beclin1, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3), protein kinase B(Akt), phosphorylated protein kinase B(p-Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR), and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin(p-mTOR). The results showed that compared with the control group, saikosaponin D decreased the proliferation rate of Panc-1 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. The colony formation rate of the cells significantly decreased after saikosaponin D treatment. Compared with the control group, the cells treated with saikosaponin D became small, accompanied by the formation of apoptotic bodies. The saikosaponin D groups showed increased apoptosis rate and autophagic vesicle accumulation. Compared with the control group, saikosaponin D up-regulated the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase3, Beclin1, LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ and down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2, caspase-3, p-Akt/Akt, and p-mTOR/mTOR. In addition, these proteins mainly existed in the cytoplasm. In conclusion, saikosaponin D can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis and autophagy of Panc-1 cells via inhibiting the Akt/mTOR pathway.

To explore the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to biosynthesis of active ingredients in wolfberry fruits of different varieties of Lycium barbarum L. and reveal the molecular mechanism of the differences of active ingredients, we utilized Illumina NovaSeq 6000 high-throughput sequencing technology to conduct transcriptome sequencing on the fruits of 'Ningqi No.1' and 'Ningqi No.7' during the green fruit stage, color turning stage and maturity stage. Subsequently, we compared the profiles of related gene expression in the fruits of the two varieties at different development stages. The results showed that a total of 811 818 178 clean reads were obtained, resulting in 121.76 Gb of valid data. There were 2 827, 2 552 and 2 311 DEGs obtained during the green fruit stage, color turning stage and maturity stage of 'Ningqi No. 1' and 'Ningqi No. 7', respectively, among which 2 153, 2 050 and 1 825 genes were annotated in six databases, including gene ontology (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and clusters of orthologous groups of proteins (KOG). In GO database, 1 307, 865 and 624 DEGs of green fruit stage, color turning stage and maturity stage were found to be enriched in biological processes, cell components and molecular functions, respectively. In the KEGG database, the DEGs at three developmental stages were mainly concentrated in metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and plant-pathogen interaction. In KOG database, 1 775, 1 751 and 1 541 DEGs were annotated at three developmental stages, respectively. Searching the annotated genes against the PubMed database revealed 18, 26 and 24 DEGs related to the synthesis of active ingredients were mined at the green fruit stage, color turning stage and maturity stage, respectively. These genes are involved in carotenoid, flavonoid, terpenoid, alkaloid, vitamin metabolic pathways, etc. Seven DEGs were verified by RT-qPCR, which showed consistent results with transcriptome sequencing. This study provides preliminary evidences for the differences in the content of active ingredients in different Lycium barbarum L. varieties from the transcriptional level. These evidences may facilitate further exploring the key genes for active ingredients biosynthesis in Lycium barbarum L. and analyzing their expression regulation mechanism.

Objective To investigate a convenient and quantitative solution to activation levels and functional characterization of CAR-T cells by inserting T cell activity-responsive promoter (TARP) nanoluciferase reporter gene system into a lentiviral plasmid containing the gene encoding the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). Methods The recombinant plasmid was constructed by using whole gene synthesis and molecular cloning techniques. The lentivirus was packaged and was infected with human primary T lymphocytes. Flow cytometry was used to detected the positive rate of lentivirus-infected T cells. The functional characterization of CAR-T cells was identified by luciferase reporter gene system, Western blot, flow cytometry, and small animal live imaging techniques. Results The results of enzyme digestion identification and the plasmid sequencing showed that the recombinant plasmids were constructed, and flow cytometry displayed the normal preparation of CAR-T cells. This system could dynamically respond to the activation of CAR-T cells by luciferase reporter gene system. The functional assay in vitro confirmed that the system could reflect the exhaustion of CAR-T cells, and the small animal live imaging results demonstrated that the system can be used as a tracer of CAR-T cells in mice. Conclusion TARP nanoluciferase reporter gene system provides a more convenient, sensitive and quantitative method for evaluating CAR-T cells activation level, exhaustion phenotype and tracing.

This study was based on the pilot one-stage combined partial nitritation and ANAMMOX process (CPNA), using data mining and analysis of 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing data of activated sludge in the process of sludge bulking and recovery, combined with PISCRUSt2. The function prediction analysis aimed to reveal the microbial community changes and the characteristics of nitrogen metabolism and carbon metabolism at different stages of sludge bulking and recovery of the one-stage CPNA process. The results of the study showed that the microbial α -diversity in the sludge bulking and recovery process first increased and then declined. The relative abundance of Nitrosomonas , Candidatus&#95;Brocadia , and Thaurea decreased in the sludge-bulking stage from 12.36%, 11.86%, and 0.272% to 5.97%, 8.30%, and 0.061%, whereas the relative abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia remained stable. The relative abundance of Levilinea , Longilinea , and Turicibacter increased from 0.031%, 0.018%, and 0.009% to 0.055%, 0.025%, and 0.033%. The PICRUSt2 function prediction analysis results showed that there were a total of 47 functional enzyme genes involved in nitrogen metabolism, of which nitrification, denitrification, dissimilative nitrate reduction (DNRA), assimilation nitrate reduction (ANRA), and nitrogen fixation were relatively abundant. The degrees of each had changed. During the sludge-bulking stage, the relative abundance of the ammonia monooxygenase gene ( pmoABC-amoABC ) and the hydroxylamine dehydrogenase gene hao decreased, whereas the relative abundance of the nitrate-reducing gene increased at the initial stage and then showed a downward trend. Carbon metabolism analysis showed that sodium acetate had a promoting effect on the heterotrophic growth of the CPNA process, but the energy metabolism and glucose production of sodium acetate were not active.

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) carries the experience and theoretical knowledge of the ancients, and the use of &quot;toxic&quot; Chinese medicines is a major feature and advantage of TCM. &quot;Toxic&quot; Chinese medicines have unique clinical value and certain medication risk under the guidance of TCM theories such as compatibility for detoxification and treatment based on syndrome differentiation. In recent years, the safety events of Chinese medicines have occurred frequently, which has made the safety of Chinese medicine a public concern in China and abroad. However, limited by conventional cognitive laws and technical methods, basic research on toxicity of Chinese medicines fails to be combined with the clinical application. As a result, it is difficult to identify the clinical characteristics of, predict toxic and side effects of, or form a universal precise medication regimen for &quot;toxic&quot; Chinese medicines, which restricts the clinical application of them. In view of the problem that the toxicity of &quot;toxic&quot; Chinese medicines is difficult to be predicted and restricts the clinical application, the evidence-based research concept will provide new ideas for safe applcation of them in clinical practice. The integrated development of multiple disciplines and techniques in the field of big data and artificial intelligence will also promote the renewal and development of the research models for &quot;toxic&quot; Chinese medicines. Our team tried to propose the academic concept of evidence-based Chinese medicine toxicology and establish the data-intelligence research mode for &quot;toxic&quot; Chinese medicines and the intelligent risk prediction method for medicinal combination in the early stage, which provided methodological supports for solving the above problem. Thus, on the basis of summarizing the research status and problems of the clinical medication regimen of &quot;toxic&quot; Chinese medicines, our team took the evidence-based toxicology of TCM as the core concept, and tried to construct the multiple-evidence integrated evaluation and prediction method for &quot;toxic&quot; Chinese medicine, so as to guide the establishment of the non-toxic medication regimen of &quot;toxic&quot; Chinese medicines. Specifically, through the analysis of multivariate data obtained from the basic research, the evidence-based toxicology database of Chinese medicines and the individualized &quot;toxicity-effect&quot; intelligent prediction platform were built based on the disease-syndrome virtual patients, so as to identify the clinical characteristics and risks of &quot;toxic&quot; Chinese medicines and develop individualized medication regime. This study is expected to provide a methodological reference for the establishment of medication regimen and risk prevention strategy for &quot;toxic&quot; Chinese medicines. The method established in this study will bridge clinical research and basic research, enhance the transformation of the scientific connotation of attenuated compatibility, promote the development of evidence-based Chinese medicine toxicology, and ensure the clinical safety of &quot;toxic&quot; Chinese medicines.

Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was used to investigate the metabolites of maackiain in rats based on the prediction function of UNIFI data processing system and liver microsomal incubation in vitro. Ten metabolites of maackiain after oral absorption were reasonably deduced and characterized. It was found that the biotransformation of maackiain mainly included phase Ⅰ oxidation, dehydrogenation, phase Ⅱ sulfate conjugation, glucosylation conjugation, and glucuronic acid conjugation. Among them, the product of glucosylation conjugation, trifolirhizin, was identified by comparison with the reference for the first time. Liver microsomal incubation in vitro further confirmed the metabolites and metabolic pathways of maackiain in rats. The metabolites in the blood, urine, and feces complemented each other, which revealed the migration, metabolism, and excretion modes of maackiain in rats. This study lays a foundation for the further investigation of the metabolic mechanism of maackiain in vivo and the in-depth research on the mechanism of pharmacodynamics and toxicity.

Two types of full-scale reactors(SBR, 116.6 m 3 , activated sludge process; SBBR, 64.8 m 3 , activated sludge and biofilm process) were inoculated with activated sludge from a swine wastewater treatment plant. The effect of NO 2 - -N concentration on ANAMMOX was investigated in the reactors during the start-up of the combined partial nitritation and ANAMMOX(CPNA) process by controlling the dissolved oxygen(DO), aeration mode, and NaNO 2 dosing. The results showed that the SBBR was more suitable for rapid start-up of partial nitritation under the same operation conditions. Despite NO 2 - -N inhibition(100-129 mg·L -1 , 7 days), the ANAMMOX process was successfully started by the SBR on day 39, and the total nitrogen removal rate and efficiency(TNRR and TNRE) were 0.069 kg·(m 3 ·d) -1 and 23.3%, respectively. However, 17 days of NO 2 - -N inhibition(129-286 mg·L -1 ) had an unrecoverable effect on ANAMMOX activity in the SBBR. By adding NaNO 2 , the SBR successfully started the CPNA process on day 77. The TNRR, TNRE, and activity of ANAMMOX from day 51 to 77 increased rapidly from 0.070 to 0.336 kg·(m 3 ·d) -1 , 16.0% to 52.2%, and 0.012 to 0.307 kg·(kg·d) -1 , respectively. The gene copy concentration of AOB and ANAMMOX bacteria in the SBR increased from the original 8.06×10 6 and 4.42×10 4 copies·mL -1 to 1.02×10 9 and 1.77×10 7 copies·mL -1 , respectively, which indicated that the rapid enrichment of AOB and ANAMMOX bacteria in the SBR was achieved mainly by controlling DO, aeration mode, and NaNO 2 dosing. Reasonable nitrite regulation is the key for the start of the CPNA process.

The remediation potential of large biomass energy grasses in cadmium-contaminated soil remains ambiguous. A field experiment was carried out in a cadmium-contaminated farmland using two energy grasses and two control plants. The two energy grasses were hybrid pennisetum ( Pennisetum americanum × P. purpureum , PAP) and purple elephant grass ( P. purpureum 'Purple', PPP), and the two control plants were Iris lactea var. chinensis (ILC) and a cadmium hyperaccumulator, Noccaea caerulescens (NC). The results showed that the aboveground biomass of PAP was the largest among the four plants, and 126 and 36 times that of NC and ILC, respectively, but no significant difference with that of PPP. The concentrations of cadmium and zinc in the shoots and roots of NC were significantly higher than in the other plants. Zinc concentrations in the shoots and roots of ILC were lower than in the other plants, while cadmium concentrations were significantly higher than in PAP and PPP ( P <0.05). The amounts of cadmium and zinc accumulated in the shoots of PPP were the highest among the four plants, while cadmium concentrations in the shoots and roots of PPP were significantly lower than in ILC and NC ( P <0.05). Cadmium amounts accumulated in PPP shoots were 7.0 and 4.1 times that of ILC and NC, respectively. Zinc amounts accumulated in PPP shoots were 41 and 11 times that of ILC and NC, respectively ( P <0.05). Cadmium accumulation in the shoots of PAP was 19.4% lower than in PPP, and zinc accumulation had no significant difference with that of PPP. NC, having a bioconcentration factor of shoot (BCFS) and a translocation factor (TF) for cadmium and zinc both larger than 1, is usable for phytoextraction of soils contaminated by cadmium and zinc. ILC, having a bioconcentration factor of root (BCFR) larger than 1 and a TF lower than 1 for cadmium, is usable for the phytostabilization of soils contaminated by cadmium. PPP, having a BCFR larger than 1 and a TF lower than 1 for zinc, can be used in the phytostabilization of soils contaminated by zinc. Under field conditions, PPP and PAP showed great potential for the extraction and removal of cadmium and zinc from soil due to their large biomass and ability to produce economic benefits, have good application prospects.

To investigate the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the changes of rhizosphere microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil of Leymus chinensis during the remediation of PAHs contaminated soil by Comamonas testosteroni (C.t)-assisted Leymus chinensis, we evaluated the removal of PAHs in the rhizosphere of Leymus chinensis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), analyzed the bacterial community and the diversity in Leymus chinensis rhizosphere soil by high-throughput sequencing technology, characterized the correlation among PAHs degradation and bacterial community components performing redundancy analysis (RDA) and network analysis, and predicted PAHs degradation potential via PICRUSt software in this paper. The degradation of PAHs in the rhizosphere of Leymus chinensis was promoted, the abundance and diversity of bacteria and the correlation among bacteria and PAHs were changed, and the degradation potential of PAHs in Leymus chinensis rhizosphere soil was enhanced in the later stage of phytoremediation (60-120 d) due to the incorporation of C.t. The accelerated degradation of three PAHs (Nap, Phe, BaP) was accompanied by the differ abundance and correlation of Proteobacteria (Sphingomonas, MND1, Nordella), Actinomycetes (Rubrobacter, Gaiella), Acidobacteria (RB41) and Bacteroides (Flavobacterium) affected by C.t. The results provide new insight into the microorganism choices for microbial assisted plant remediation of soil PAHs and the mechanisms of enhanced PAHs degradation via the combination of Comamonas testosteroni engineering bacteria and plants.

AbstractObjective:To investigate the expression of miR-215 and KDM1B in DLBCL patients, and to analysis its clinical significance., Methods: Fifty patients with DLBCL treated in our hospital were selected as DLBCL group, and 30 cases of reactive proliferative lymphadenitis（RPL） were selected as controls. RQ-PCR was used to detect the expression level of miR-215, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of KDM1B protein. The expression of miR-215 and KDM1B in patients with different clinical characteristics and the survival rate of patients with different expression of miR-215 and KDM1B was compared. miR-215 mimics was transfected into SU-DHL-4 cells. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The expression of KDM1B protein was detected by Western blot., Results: The expression of miR-215 in DLBCL patients was significantly lower than that in control group, and the positive expression of KDM1B protein was higher, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01). Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the expression of miR-215 negatively correlated with KDM1B (r=-0.751，P<0.05). There was significant correlation of miR-215, KDM1B expression with symptoms of B，Serum level of LDH, International Prognostic Index(IPI), Ann Arbor stage,Tumor size, respectively in patients(P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier showed that 5-year overall survival rate of patients with high miR-215 expression was significantly longer than that with low miR-215 expression (P=0.013). The 5-year survival rate of the patients with high positive KDM1B expression was significantly lower than that with low positive expression(P=0.024). KDM1B protein was suppressed by the transfection of miR-215 mimics for 72 h, the cell proliferation rate in miR-215 mimics group was significantly lower than that in control group and NC mimics group (P<0.05), but cell apoptotic rate of miR-215 mimics were significantly higher(P<0.05). The expression of KDM1B protein was significantly lower than that in control and NC group(P<0.05)., Conclusion: There are low expression of miR-215 and high expression of KDM1B protein in patients with DLBCL， suggesting that they may be the diagnostic and prognostic indicators of DLBCL. miR-215 can directly target KDM1B to inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of microRNA let-7i on the drug-resistant cells of human breast cancer and its potential molecular mechanisms. Methods Reverse transcription PCR was performed to detect the relative levels of let-7i expressed in breast cancer cell line MCF-7 as well as MCF-7 resistant to both cisplatin (CDDP) and adriamycin (ADR) (MCF-7/CDDP, MCF-7/ADR) cells. CCK-8 assay was used to measure the varied sensitivity of cell MCF-7, MCF-7/CDDP and MCF-7/ADR to ADR following chemotherapy. CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay were carried out to observe the change of sensitivity to ADR after let-7i was over-expressed or inhibited, and flow cytometry was used to determine the induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells resistant to ADR following over-expression of let-7i. ELISA was conducted to measure the activity of caspase-3/9 against breast cancer drug. Reverse transcription-PCR was performed to detect the mRNA levels of Bcl2 and K-Ras, and Western blot analysis to examine the protein levels of Bcl2, BAX and K-Ras. Results Let-7i was down-regulated in drug-resistant breast cancer cells as compared with simple MCF-7 cell line, and negatively correlated with chemotherapy resistance. Compared with negative control group, over-expression of let-7i resulted in improved cell viability and colony formation of drug-resistant breast cancer cells, and facilitated the cancer cell apoptosis induced by ADR, yet raised caspase-3/9 activity. Bcl2 level decreased, whereas BAX increased with added ADR concentration. Over-expressed let-7i significantly inhibited Bcl2 and K-Ras expression in the drug-resistant cells. Conclusion Let-7i is down-regulated in drug-resistant breast cancer cells, and negatively correlated with chemotherapy resistance. The findings suggest that let-7i may inhibit the resistance of drug-resistant breast cancer cells via inhibiting the expression of K-Ras and Bcl2.

The antipyretic effects of Qingkailing soft capsules and hard capsules were compared based on metabonomics technology,so as to provide basis for clinical rational use and quality control evaluation of its preparations. By using ultra high performance liquid chromatography-linear ion trap/orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry( UPLC-LTQ/Orbitrap),and multivariate tatistical methods such as principal component analysis( PCA),partial least squares-discriminate analysis( PLS-DA) and orthogonal signal correction partial least square discriminant analysis( OPLS-DA),the changes of plasma endogenous metabolites in rat fever model induced by dry yeast were studied,so as to look for biomarkers related to fever. Based on these results,the antipyretic effects of two types of Qingkailing preparations were compared. The results indicated that metabolic profiles of the experimental groups could be distinguished distinctly,and 8 endogenous metabolites showed differences as compared with the normal control group( P<0. 05),including nicotinic acid,choline,hippuric acid,phosphocholine,Lyso PC( 14 ∶ 0),Lyso PC [16 ∶ 1( 9 Z) ],Lyso PC( 18 ∶ 0) and Lyso PC [20 ∶ 3( 5 Z,8 Z,11 Z) ]. They could be regarded as biomarkers related to fever. Qingkailing soft capsule and hard capsule had different effects on the regulation of plasma metabolites in yeast-induced fever model rats. Qingkailing soft capsule had different degrees of callbacks on eight biomarkers,including significant callbacks on nicotinic acid( P<0. 05),hippuric acid( P< 0. 01),phosphocholine( P< 0. 05),and Lyso PC [20 ∶3( 5 Z,8 Z,11 Z) ]( P<0. 05),while hard capsule only had significant callbacks on nicotinic acid( P<0. 05),hippuric acid( P<0. 01),and phosphocholine( P< 0. 05),with no callbacks on choline,Lyso PC( 14 ∶ 0),Lyso PC [16 ∶ 1( 9 Z) ],Lyso PC( 18 ∶0),and Lyso PC [20 ∶3( 5 Z,8 Z,11 Z) ]. This indicated that Qingkailing soft capsule had better callback effect than hard capsule. In this study,Qingkailing soft capsules and hard capsules were used to intervene the changes of related biomarkers in yeast-induced fever rat models,and then the antipyretic effect and mechanism between these two kinds of capsules were compared. The two dosage forms played an antipyretic role mainly by regulating lipid metabolism and controlling inflammation. The callback effect of soft capsule on the potential biomarkers of lysophosphatidylcholine was significantly higher than that of hard capsule. The differences in antipyretic effect of Qingkailing soft capsule and hard capsule were expounded from the point of metabonomics,providing experimental data and theoretical basis for the selection of clinical dosage forms.

Objective: To analyze the clinical and molecular biological characteristics of a neonate with myeloid proliferation related to Down syndrome (DS)., Methods: The neonate, who was suspected for Down syndrome, was analyzed in terms of clinical feature, peripheral blood cell morphology, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), immunological classification and other laboratory tests. On hundred and fourteen leukemia-related genes were subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS)., Results: Laboratory test revealed obvious abnormal liver function and coagulation function, anemia, and extreme leukocytosis. Cell smear indicated significantly increased progenitor cells, which conformed to proliferation of megakaryocytes. FISH showed trisomy 21. By NGS, c.220+dupT, a novel mutation, was identified in exon 2 of the GATA1 gene, which encodes a N-terminal activation domain and has a frequency of 95.8%. No mutation was identified among the remaining 113 genes., Conclusion: The neonate had DS and GATA1 gene mutation. High percentage of circulating blasts should be considered as transient myelodysplasia but not congenital leukemia.

The impacts of boron (B) root application and foliar spray on arsenic (As) uptake, translocation, and efflux by/in rice seedlings ( Oryza sativa L.) were investigated in three hydroponic experiments. The addition of B to culture medium did not alter concentrations of arsenite (As[Ⅲ]), arsenate (As[Ⅴ]), and total As, nor did it alter transfer coefficients or uptake efficiency of As in rice seedlings under either As(Ⅲ) or As(Ⅴ) exposure. Foliar B supply increased shoot B concentrations 15.8-fold, and decreased root As concentrations and As uptake efficiency by 20.9% and 18.0% under As(Ⅴ) treatment, and by 12.6% and 13.8% under As(Ⅲ) treatment, respectively, yet did not significantly decrease shoot As concentrations ( P >0.05). Interestingly, foliar B supply reduced root B concentrations by up to 47.1% under exposure to As(Ⅴ) but not As(Ⅲ), and corresponding root B concentrations were 85.3% higher in As(Ⅴ) treatment than in As(Ⅲ) treatment on average ( P <0.05). Both total As and As(Ⅴ) concentrations were positively related to B concentration in rice roots under As(Ⅴ) treatment following foliar B supply ( P <0.05). Rice seedlings extruded 105.2% more As after As(Ⅲ)-pretreatment than after As(Ⅴ)-pretreatment. Foliar B supply increased the amount of As excreted by As(Ⅲ)-pretreated rice root by 14.0%-16.9% ( P >0.05), and had no effect on the As efflux of As(Ⅴ)-pretreatment seedlings. A range of 45.9%-70.7% of root As was excreted to solution during one week. These results indicate that the root application of B at four times the concentration of As can slightly decrease As accumulation by rice, whereas foliar B supply is conducive to a decline in As acquisition by rice roots. It is likely that the B channel is at least not the main pathway for As(Ⅲ) entering into rice roots, and the As(Ⅴ) distribution mechanism in rice plants may be shared with that of B.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of sintering temperature on mechanical properties of dental zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) ceramics prepared by gel-casting technique., Methods: The samples prepared by gel-casting were sintered at 1100, 1200, 1250, 1300 and 1400degrees centigrade for each group. The flexural strength, fracture toughness, Vickers hardness and brittleness index were obtained and microscopic morphology of each group was observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software package., Results: The flexural strength, fracture toughness and Vickers hardness increased with the increasing sintering temperature during 1100~1400degrees centigrade. The lowest brittleness index (0.74±0.16) μm -1/2 was observed in group sintered at 1200degrees centigrade and the highest (2.76±0.14) μm -1/2 was at 1400degrees centigrade (P<0.05), while the flexural strength of these two groups was (46.89±3.24) MPa and (349.64±54.72) MPa, respectively., Conclusions: The ZTA dental ceramics exhibit good machinability with proper sintering temperature (1200degrees centigrade) and the strength meets the requirement of clinical application.

Protein kinase A(PKA),as a pivotal factor in the cellular signal transduction,plays an es-sential role in the regulation of lipid metabolism.PKA activates the key lipases including hormone sensi-tive lipase (HSL)and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)to promote the fat mobilization.PKA signaling up-regulates the mitochondrial thermogenesis by enhancing the expression of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1),which critically contributes to the body heat production.PKA is closely involved in the regulation of lipogenesis in the liver.Notably,the dysregulation of PKA signaling is associated with the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the obesity,cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus.The pharmacological studies show that PKA is linked to the pharmacological effects of the major lipid regulating agents.In this review,the studies on roles of PKA in the regulation of lipid metabolism are summarized with an emphasis on progress made during the last five years for providing insights into the mechanism by which PKA regu-lates the lipid metabolism as well as the novel therapeutic strategy for lipid-metabolic diseases.

Striatum is the central structure controlling movement. It plays a pivotal role in the regulation of voluntary movement, unconscious movement, muscle tone, posture adjustment and fine movement. Dysfunction of striatum causes a variety of movement disorders ranging from the hypokinetic disorders with increased muscle tone, such as Parkinson's disease, to the hyperkinetic disorders with decreased muscle tone, such as Huntington's disease. It is generally recognized that striatum receives the neural movement signals from the motor cortex, and then processes and modifies these signals and subsequently transfers the signals back to the motor cortex via thalamus for execution of the movement through pyramidal system. The movement control function of striatum depends on a complex neural circuit system. In this review, the studies on the movement control function of striatum as well as the striatal neural circuit system are summarized with an emphasis on the progress made during recent years for better understanding the mechanism underlying the movement control function as well as the disease association of striatum.

Objective: To summarize the clinical features and therapy experience of a case of CD5 positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma (CD5+ DLBCL) with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)., Methods: A 49-years old patient was investigated. The routine blood examination, bone marrow smear, Coombs test, serological test, chest CT, abdominal MR and immunochemistry etc were performed for this patient; and therapeutic effects of the chemotherapy regimen consisting of rituximab plus autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) were observed., Results: The cervical lymphnode biopsy confirmed CD5+ DLBCL; the severe anemia, reticulocyte increase, Coombs test positive, and erythroid hyperplasia in bone marrow all suggested the occurence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). After plasma exchange, immune suppression using methylprednisolone, blood transfusion, one course of chemotherapy with "R-CHOP-E", the symptoms of AIHA in patient disappeared. After a continuous treatment for 3 courses of "R-CHOP-E", the bone marrow infiltration appeared, which was assessed as "PD", then the treatment was changed to the "R-ESHAP" for 4 courses, the patient was reassessed as "CR". The patient subsequently underwent auto-HSCT, followed up for 6 months, patientis still "CR"., Conclusion: The status of the CD5+ DLBCL patient with AIHA is severe, and the prognosis is poor. The curative effect of the chemotherapy regimen with rituximab plus auto-HSCT for this patien is well.

Leptin plays a critical role in the regulation of energy balance and metabolic homeostasis. Impairment of leptin function is closely involved in the pathogenesis of obesity, diabetes mellitus and some other metabolic diseases. Leptin initiates intracellular signal transductions in the leptin-receptor-expressing neurons in the central nervous system to exert its physiological functions. The fact that high circulating levels of leptin partially or completely fail to promote weight loss in obesity has given rise to the notion of "leptin resistance". Recently, the impairment of leptin signalings in the hypothalamus has been regarded as a critical contributor to leptin resistance. In this review, the studies on leptin signaling and leptin resistance are summarized with an emphasis on the progress made during the last five years.

The safety of Chinese patent medicine has become a focus of social. It is necessary to carry out work on post-marketing clinical safety evaluation for Chinese patent medicine. However, there have no criterions to guide the related research, it is urgent to set up a model and method to guide the practice for related research. According to a series of clinical research, we put forward some views, which contained clear and definite the objective and content of clinical safety evaluation, the work flow should be determined, make a list of items for safety evaluation project, and put forward the three level classification of risk control. We set up a model of post-marketing clinical safety evaluation for Chinese patent medicine. Based this model, the list of items can be used for ranking medicine risks, and then take steps for different risks, aims to lower the app:ds:risksrisk level. At last, the medicine can be managed by five steps in sequence. The five steps are, collect risk signal, risk recognition, risk assessment, risk management, and aftereffect assessment. We hope to provide new ideas for the future research.

In this study, 17 kinds of Dendrobium species of Fengdous including 39 individuals were collected from 4 provinces. Mitochondrial gene sequences co I, nad 5, nad 1-intron 2 and chloroplast gene sequences rbcL, matK amd psbA-trnH were amplified from these materials, as well as nrDNA ITS. Furthermore, suitable sequences for identification of Dendrobium species of Fengdous were screened by K-2-P and P-distance. The results showed that during the mentioned 7 sequences, nrDNA ITS, nad 1-intron 2 and psbA-trnH which had a high degree of variability could be used to identify Dendrobium species of Fengdous. However, single fragment could not be used to distinguish D. moniliforme and D. huoshanense. Moreover, compared to other combined fragments, new type combined fragments nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2 was more effective in identifying the original plants of Dendrobium species and could be used to identify D. huoshanense and D. moniliforme. Besides, according to the UPGMA tree constructed with nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2, 3 inspected Dendrobium plants were identified as D. huoshanense, D. moniliforme and D. officinale, respectively. This study identified Dendrobium species of Fengdous by combined fragments nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2 for the first time, which provided a more effective basis for identification of Dendrobium species. And this study will be helpful for regulating the market of Fengdous.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of Xuebijing injection for the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis ( SAP )., Methods: An extensive search of related literatures from the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China Biology Medicine ( CBM ), CNKI, VIP and Wanfang data up to March 2014 was performed. Randomized controlled trials ( RCTs ) regarding Xuebijing injection for the treatment of SAP were collected regardless of languages. Jadad scale was taken for quality evaluation of the included studies by two researchers. The patients in control group were given conventional treatment, and those of the Xuebijing group were given Xuebijing injection on the top of conventional treatment. The Cochrane Collaboration RevMan 5.2 software was used for data analysis regarding the effect of Xuebijing injection on the mortality, incidence of complication, effective rate, the length of stay in hospital, and the safety of the drug in patients with SAP., Results: A total of 15 published reports meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled. The methodological quality of the trials was low. Meta analysis showed that the mortality in Xuebijing group was significantly lower [ odds ratio ( OR ) = 0.37, 95% confidence interval ( 95%CI ) = 0.17 - 0.77, P = 0.008 ], and the incidence of complication was also significantly decreased ( OR = 0.26, 95%CI = 0.14 - 0.45, P < 0.000 01 ) as compared with those of control group. The effective rate in Xuebijing group was significantly higher than that of the control group [ relative risk ( RR ) = 0.85, 95%CI = 0.80-0.91, P < 0.000 01 ]. The length of stay in hospital in Xuebijing group was significantly shorter than that of the control group [ mean difference ( MD ) = -5.28, 95%CI = -6.69 to -3.86, P < 0.000 01 ]. Adverse reactions of Xuebijing injection were reported in 2 studies. The adverse reaction in one study was headache and nausea, which were relieved by adjusting the speed of intravenous infusion, and mild rash was reported in another case, and it disappeared after the withdrawal of Xuebijing., Conclusions: The currently available evidence shows that Xuebijing injection may have some therapeutic effect on SAP. Because of the low methodological quality of the included trials, multi-center and high-quality RCTs with large sample sizes are needed to provide stronger evidence.

Objective: To study the serum protein differential expression in acute leukemia patients and healthy control by differential protein mass spectrometry., Methods: Serum proteins of 51 acute leukemia (AL) patients and 10 healthy donors were extracted from their peripheral blood. After removing high abundance protein, serum low abundance proteins were separated by two dimensional gel electrophoresis, the differences of serum proteins in AL patients and healthy human were identified. The protein spots with differential expression were cut out and then undergone bleaching, gel digestion and peptide extraction. The peptide mass fingerprint analysis was performed by using MALDI TOF/TOF MS. The protein database MSDB Masort retrieval program was used to evaluate the results., Results: Using Student's t test,19 statistically significant abnormal expression proteins in the serum of AL patients were found compared with the healthy controls (P < 0.05). The expression of α1-trypsin inhibitor (P < 0.01), prealbumin (P < 0.01), trypsin inhibitor (P < 0.01), apolipoprotein E (P < 0.01) and apolipoprotein A-Ⅳ (P < 0.01) decreased, while retinol binding protein (P < 0.05), globin HP2 (P < 0.05), serum lectin (P < 0.05), H factor homologue protein (P < 0.05) and serum amyloid A1 (P < 0.01) increased. Further stratified analysis found that high serum lectin expression in AL patient resulted in poor outcomes., Conclusion: There are a variety of serum proteins with differential expression in peripheral blood of AL patients. The differential expression of serum lectin is related to the therapeutic effect. The differential expression of these proteins can be used as a new diagnosis marker or prognostic indicator for acute leukemia.

Objective: To establish an analysis method for HPLC fingerprint of Rheum palmatum collected from Gansu province (called "Quan-shui-da-huang"), and provide basis for quality control of Quan-shui-da-huang., Methods: The Cosmosil 5C18-PAQ column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) was used with the mixture of 0.1% acetic acid and acetonitrile as mobile phase in a gradient elution mode. The flow rate was 1 mL/min, column temperature was 30 degrees C and detection wavelength was set at 280 nm. The similarity evaluation, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis of crude drugs collected from different habitats were carried out., Results: The analysis method of HPLC fingerprint was set up. The characteristic fingerprint was obtained by chemometrics methods., Conclusion: Under the selected chromatographic conditions, constituents in Rheum palmatum can be separated well. This method can be used for the quality control of Quan-shui-da-huang.