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Soybean meal is a high quality plant protein resource. Exploring the possibility of using soybean meal instead of soybean protein isolate as raw material for high water extrusion plant protein meat processing is of great significance for production enterprises to control production cost and improve the economic value of soybean meal. In this study, the soybean meal was used as raw material to systemlly explore the effect of the water-added content (10.5, 11, 11.5, 12 kg/h) on the quality and structural characteristics of high-mositure extruded vegetable protein meat through determining the hardness, elasticity, chewiness, color and luster, water-holding capacity, oil-holding capacity, and chemical-crosslinking force and using Fourier infrared spectrum and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the hardness, elasticity, and chewability of the vegetable protein meat were significantly decreased with the increasing water-added content during extrusion (P

A selenized polysaccharide (Se-SCP) with selenium content of (7.19±0.067) mg/g was synthesized by imidazole-mediated method using sweet corncob polysaccharide (SCP) as raw material. In order to explore the inhibitory effect of Se-SCP on non-enzymatic glycosylation reaction, fructose and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were selected as substrates to establish albumin/fructose simulation system. Fructosamine→α-dicarbonyl compounds→advanced glycation end products (AGEs), the three characteristic products in the non-enzymatic glycosylation process, were determined and analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The effects of protopolysaccharides and selenium polysaccharides on the non-enzymatic glycosylation process were compared and analyzed in terms of microstructure. The results showed that Se-SCP had different degrees of inhibition on the three stages of protein non-enzymatic glycosylation process, and the inhibition rates of characteristic products in non-enzymatic glycosylation process reached 89.5%, 74.9% and 71.7%, respectively. In terms of inhibiting protein cross-linking structure, compared with the SCP group, the texture of Se-SCP was relatively clear, the structural density was small, and the inhibition effect was obvious. The results of SDS-PAGE showed that Se-SCP reduced the formation of high molecular weight cross-linked protein induced by fructose, and the effect of Se-SCP was better, which was similar to that of positive drug. In summary, Se-SCP has good anti-nonenzymatic glycation activity and has great potential in inhibiting diabetes and its complications.

Objective To explore the relationship between climate factors and the number of street voluntary blood donors in Beijing and develop a reliable predictive model, so as to provide reference for donor recruitment. Methods The data of weather and the number of street blood donors from January 2018 to October 2019 were collected to formulate generalized additive model(GAM) and autoregressive integrated moving average model(ARIMA), and the predicative accuracy of the two models was assessed using data from November to December 2019. Results GAM indicated that the number of donors decreased when the wind force was 4 to 5 (95%CI: 0.805, 0.995), and the number on weekends and official holidays was 1.562 (95% CI: 1.510, 1.617) and 1.779 (95%CI: 1.035, 3.055) times that of the working day respectively. The number of blood donors increased with the elevation of temperature until 25℃, then declined with temperature increasing slowly. The two-day predictive accuracy of GAM and ARIMA was 92.14% and 90.55%, with overall accuracy at (84.46±11.12)% and (87.65±9.3)%, respectively. Conclusion Considering official holiday, strong wind and temperature, etc, the ARIMA model runs stable overall, while GAM is good at short-term prediction. The comprehensive use of two predictive models is helpful in guiding the recruitment of blood donors.