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In order to improve the processing accuracy of silicon nitride ceramic balls and to investigate the mechanism of forming ceramic balls by flexible support grinding method, a new cone-type flexible support grinding method with controlled deflection motion of grinding disc is proposed. Based on the new grinding method, a simulation model is established to deeply analyze the influence of the deflection motion of the grinding disc on the grinding trajectory and force state of the silicon nitride ceramic balls. Orthogonal experiments were conducted on a new cone-type flexible support grinding platform built to further analyze the effect of grinding disc motion characteristics on ball formation. Simulation and experimental results show that under the flexible support grinding method, As the increases of grinding disc deflection angle, the standard deviation of ball trajectory uniformity decreased from 43.58 to 35.49, the maximum contact force increased to 4 times the initial value, the average ball diameter variation increased from 1.466 μm to 2.382 μm, and the batch diameter variation increased from 4.98 μm to 10.27 μm. The lower grinding disc deflection motion is beneficial to optimize the grinding trajectory, but increases the unevenness of the ball force, which is not conducive to improving the average ball diameter variation and batch diameter variation of silicon nitride ceramic balls. In the actual process, the angle of deflection of the grinding disc must be controlled to within 0.02°.